International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials最新文献

{"title":"Interfacial structure and performance analysis of PcBN composites with metal/ceramic binder","authors":"Houzhen Chen ,&nbsp;Fuming Deng ,&nbsp;Hui Xie ,&nbsp;Xiaozhou Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaotian Xing ,&nbsp;Ziyi Liu ,&nbsp;Wenli Deng ,&nbsp;Junzhe Yu ,&nbsp;Can Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the effect of binder type on the interface and properties of PcBN composite, a series of PcBN composites with Al, TiN, Co, Ni, and W as binders were prepared under the conditions of 5.5–6 GPa, 1450–1550 °C, and 50 min, the interfacial bonding mechanism and material properties of PcBN composite were analyzed and discussed using SEM/EDS, XRD, and mechanical testing equipment. The results show that new phases are generated in the sintering of PcBN composites with different types of binders, which are uniformly distributed at the grain boundaries or in the interstices of grains to form a dense organization; cBN-cBN and cBN-TiN grain boundaries are formed in metal and ceramic binder PcBN, respectively, and the microhardness reaches 41.66 GPa at the highest level. In addition, the metal binder mainly diffuses by capillary force, while the ceramic binder mainly infiltrates with each other. This shows that the mutual infiltration of the phases within the PcBN material layer and the cemented carbide layer is the key factor in improving the interfacial bond strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 106961"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure and mechanical properties of MoNbVTa0.5Alx refractory high entropy alloys","authors":"Wei Guo ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Zhu ,&nbsp;Sheng Yu ,&nbsp;Weijie Zheng ,&nbsp;Mi Zhao ,&nbsp;Shulin Lü ,&nbsp;Shusen Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The specific strength of refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs) is usually impaired due to the high density of constituent elements. In order to develop a low-density RHEA, the microstructure and mechanical property of MoNbVTa_0.5-based RHEAs with various Al additions have been investigated in this study. All samples exhibited a monolithic BCC solid solution structure. The addition of Al resulted in improved yield strength but a degraded plasticity at ambient temperature. In contrast, the yield strength consistently decreased with increasing Al content at elevated temperatures, and the softening occurred at ∼1000 °C. MoNbVTa_0.5Al_0.3 exhibited high specific strengths of 119.2 MPa cm³/g, 108.6 MPa cm³/g and 97.3 MPa cm³/g at 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1000 °C, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 106960"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Nb on microstructure and tribological properties of Ti(C, N)-based cermet","authors":"Meiling Liu ,&nbsp;Yajing Cao ,&nbsp;Jiaying Feng ,&nbsp;Wanxiu Hai ,&nbsp;Yuhong Chen ,&nbsp;Chengshang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106958","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106958","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ti(C,N)-based cermet were prepared by pressureless vacuum sintering using (Ti,W_0.15,Nb_X)C pre-solid solution powder, and the effect of Nb molar ratio on microstructure, core/rim interface, mechanical and tribological properties were investigated. The results showed that increasing of Nb content led to distinct microstructural changes in the cermets. The gray core/Gy rim and white core/Gy rim microstructure enhanced mechanical properties, while the rimless black grains and gray core/black rim had a weakening effect. The cermet with (Ti,W_0.15,Nb_0.01)C had a Vickers hardness of 1664 MPa, fracture toughness of 10.3 MPa·m^1/2 and transverse rupture strength of 1204 MPa. The average friction coefficient and the volume wear ratio at room temperature were 0.46 and 2.49E-8 mm³*N⁻¹*m⁻¹, respectively, with adhesive wear as the primary mechanism. At 600 °C, the average friction coefficient and the volume wear ratio were 0.37 and 1.15E-6 mm³*N⁻¹*m⁻¹, respectively, with tribo-oxidation being the dominant wear mechanism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 106958"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142655971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Nb interlayer as CrZr diffusion barrier layer at high-temperature","authors":"Yuxin Zhong ,&nbsp;Shixin Gao ,&nbsp;Moyijie Huang ,&nbsp;Yuntai Luo ,&nbsp;Sha Zhao ,&nbsp;Ping Chen ,&nbsp;Chunyu Yin ,&nbsp;Liang He ,&nbsp;Jijun Yang ,&nbsp;Kun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106956","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106956","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study examined the diffusion mitigation effect and mechanical properties of the Nb interlayer prepared by magnetron sputtering as a Cr<img>Zr diffusion barrier through annealing experiment, high-temperature air oxidation experiment and ring compression tests. The results show that the presence of an Nb interlayer significantly alleviates the Cr<img>Zr interdiffusion, especially prevents the Cr<img>Zr interdiffusion in the 1200 °C air environment and stabilizes the interface structure in the 1400 °C air environment. After undergoing air oxidation at 1200 °C, the Cr/Nb-coated samples showed the structure of Cr₂O₃, Cr, Cr₂Nb Laves phase, Nb, (Zr, Nb) miscibility gap, β-Zr, α-Zr(O), and ZrO₂ layers. During a certain period of argon annealing at 1332 °C, the increase in the thickness of the interlayer of the Cr/Nb coating, especially for samples containing micron sized Nb layer, is smaller than that of Cr-coated samples, indicating that the presence of the Nb layer is effective in alleviating the Cr<img>Zr contact reaction to a certain extent. During the ring compression tests, the Cr/Nb coating is still firmly bonded to the Zr alloy cladding tube even under large deformation, and the micron-scale Nb layer releases part of the stress, resulting in short crack clusters on the surface of the coating instead of a large number of through-wall cracks. In summary, the Nb layer has the potential to be used as a diffusion barrier for Cr<img>Zr interface, and the details of Nb as a diffusion barrier are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 106956"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced wear resistance and fracture resistance of spherical WC reinforced nickel-based alloy coating by adding non-spherical WC","authors":"Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Chunlin Zhang ,&nbsp;Shengli Li ,&nbsp;Shihan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xingang Ai ,&nbsp;Zhiwen Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spherical WC particles are widely employed as hard phases to reinforce metal matrix coatings; however, their deposition during the surfacing process presents a significant challenge, resulting in limited improvements in coating hardness and wear resistance. In this work, these spherical WC as well as spherical/non-spherical WC particles have been used to prepare the WC reinforced nickel-based alloy coatings. The microstructure, mechanical, wear and fracture behavior of these coatings were investigated by detailed characterization. Results showed that spherical WC exhibited rapid sedimentation, and the primary decomposition products existed lump-like W₂C. The ultimate decomposition process was based on the exfoliation of the diffusion layer. The spherical WC/Ni coatings exhibited a hardness of 13 GPa and an elastic modulus of 253 GPa, respectively. Notably, the wear rate of these coatings was relatively high, measuring 7.038 × 10⁻⁶ mm³/(N·m), while the stress and strain were comparatively low, standing at only 272.5 MPa and 0.72 %. In contrast, spherical/non-spherical WC/Ni coatings demonstrated distinct differential sedimentation behavior. Spherical WC particles settled at the bottom of the coating, whereas non-spherical WC particles were dispersed in the middle and upper regions. The decomposition of non-spherical WC particles was governed by the dissolution and diffusion of W₂C, forming a skeleton-braided structure of M₇C₃, γ, and M₂₃C₆ phases on the coating surface. This unique structure increased the hardness of the coating to 21 GPa and the elastic modulus to 369 GPa, while reducing the wear rate to 2.853 × 10⁻⁶ mm³ (N · m) ⁻¹. In addition, the stress and strain reached 497.10 MPa and 1.97 % respectively, shifting the fracture mode to quasi-cleavage fracture with tear ridges. Overall, the spherical/non-spherical WC/Ni coating exhibited improved deformation resistance and superior wear resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 106951"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of chromium doping on the grain boundary character of WC-Co","authors":"Max Emmanuel ,&nbsp;Zhuoqi Lucas Li ,&nbsp;Harry Heptinstall ,&nbsp;Oriol Gavalda-Diaz ,&nbsp;Rachid M'saoubi ,&nbsp;Tomas Persson ,&nbsp;Susanne Norgren ,&nbsp;Thomas Benjamin Britton ,&nbsp;Finn Giuliani ,&nbsp;Katharina Marquardt","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106954","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106954","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The life of cutting tool inserts is critically important for efficient machining, reducing manufacturing cost, embedded energy, and enabling more complex parts to be machined. For these applications, cemented carbide (WC-Co) materials are a prime candidate. The performance of these materials can be limited by early fracture, typically via an intergranular fracture path with respect to carbide grains. This motivates further studies to understand the character of the grain boundary network so that grain boundary engineering (GBE) of WC-Co tools can be used to improve tool life and performance. In this work, we have used Rohrer et al.'s five-parameter grain boundary character distribution (GBCD) analysis to examine the grain boundary network of WC-10wt%Co and WC-10wt%Co-1wt%Cr samples (Rohrer et al., 2004a [<span><span>1</span></span>]). It was found that the measured area fraction of the Σ2 boundaries was comparable to the values reported in the literature despite the relatively larger grain sizes (∼14 μm) and higher cobalt contents. The result suggests that chromium doping increases the area fraction of Σ2 boundaries from 12.8 % to 14.8 %. It is proposed that this is a consequence of altering the Σ2 boundary energy, as associated with adding chromium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 106954"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wear-resistant and stable low-friction nanodiamond composite superhard coatings against Al2O3 counter-body in dry condition","authors":"Mohamed Ragab Diab ,&nbsp;Koki Murasawa ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mohamed Mahmoud Ibrahim ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Naragino ,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Yoshitake ,&nbsp;Mohamed Egiza","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional machining lubricants pose environmental hazards and increase production costs. This study addresses this challenge by investigating nanodiamond composite (NDC) coatings deposited on WC–Co substrates as a lubricant-free alternative for sustainable machining. The NDC films show superior hardness (65 GPa) compared to the substrate (22 GPa) and enhanced adhesion (HF2). The NDC's unique self-lubrication results in a low and stable friction coefficient (COF ≤ 0.095) and exceptional wear resistance (7.45 × 10⁻⁸ mm³/N·m) in dry tesing against Al₂O₃ counter-body. Compared to CVD diamond, NDC coatings show a 47.8 % reduction in COF and a 31.65 % enhancement in wear resistance, promoting environmentally friendly machining practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 106955"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Zr addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Y-Zr-O complex oxide dispersion-strengthened Mo alloys","authors":"Liying Yao ,&nbsp;Yuan He ,&nbsp;Yimin Gao ,&nbsp;Guojun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106953","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106953","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Y-Zr-O complex oxide dispersion-strengthened Mo alloys with different Zr contents (Mo-2Y₂O₃–0.6Zr, Mo-1Y₂O₃–0.6Zr, and Mo-1Y₂O₃–1.2Zr, wt%) were designed and fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering to investigate the effect of Zr addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of this Mo alloy. The size and spatial distribution of oxide particles were characterized using Fresnel contrast mode in TEM, and mechanical properties were measured using small-scale three-point bending tests. Results show that Zr addition leads to the coarsening of oxide particles, especially intergranular particles. Based on Weibull theory, the strength ratio of Mo alloys in three-point bending and tensile tests is well fitted as 1.70. Furthermore, the Mo-2Y₂O₃–0.6Zr alloy exhibits an unprecedented tensile strength and fracture strain of 1059 MPa and 1.01 %, attributed to its ultrafine Mo grains (∼0.3 μm), semi-coherent intragranular oxide nanoprecipitates (∼18.09 nm), and intergranular oxide nanoprecipitates (∼67.11 nm). The theoretical calculation indicates that the strength is mainly affected by grain boundary strengthening and intragranular particle strengthening. The findings can provide a beneficial reference for the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties of high-performance Mo alloy for nuclear energy applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 106953"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behaviour of a refractory (CrHfMoNbTaTiVZr)84Si16 complex concentrated alloy","authors":"N. Yurchenko ,&nbsp;E. Panina ,&nbsp;V. Mirontsov ,&nbsp;D. Kapustin ,&nbsp;M. Mishunin ,&nbsp;S. Zherebtsov ,&nbsp;N. Stepanov","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106949","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106949","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, structure, mechanical properties, and oxidation behaviour of a refractory (CrHfMoNbTaTiVZr)₈₄Si₁₆ complex concentrated alloy (RCCA) prepared by vacuum arc melting were studied. Consisting of C11_b-MeSi₂, C14 Laves, bcc, and Me₅Si₃ phases, the alloy exhibited better 1200 °C-specific yield strength (45 MPa cm³ g⁻¹), fracture toughness (5.77 ± 1.58 MPa m^1/2), and 1 h-mass gain at 1200 °C (∼60 mg cm⁻²) than most of current RCCAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 106949"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of grain size and orientation on magnetron sputtering yield of tantalum","authors":"Kai Yu ,&nbsp;Xin Xue ,&nbsp;Longfei Xu ,&nbsp;Guipeng Li ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuhui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2024.106948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The electron beam melting (EBM) technique was employed to prepare ultra-highly pure (99.999 wt%) Tantalum (Ta) cast ingot for application in chips. Subsequently, the Ta cast ingot were forged, rolled, and annealed with different durations to gain three different grain sizes (centimeter scale, 99.8 μm, and 36.7 μm). Sputtering experiments conducted under identical conditions revealed that the rolled target (36.7 μm) film deposition rate was increased by 60.6 % compared to the cast ingot target with a centimeter-scale grain size (columnar crystal). Ta targets with a fine grain size and homogeneous distribution demonstrate superior film deposition performance. The sputtering rate is directly related to the atomic packing density of grains. The (111)-oriented grains of BCC targets (Ta target) exhibit sputtering resistance, and the order of sputtering rate of Ta atoms was S₍₁₀₁₎ &gt; S₍₀₀₁₎ &gt; S₍₁₁₁₎.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"126 ","pages":"Article 106948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142656067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}