International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials最新文献

{"title":"Temperature-driven wear behavior of WC/Co against Si3N4 exposed to air conditions","authors":"Yana Xia ,&nbsp;Liuyang Bai ,&nbsp;Fengxia Dong ,&nbsp;Fei Ma ,&nbsp;Shuxia Zhang ,&nbsp;Haixiong Shi ,&nbsp;Yanyan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107342","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107342","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>WC/Co coatings are indispensable wear-resistance material to withstand harsh environments in aerospace engines and power generation turbines. This study systematically investigates the reciprocating wear behavior of high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) sprayed WC/Co coatings against Si₃N₄ counterparts across temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 800 °C in ambient air. The WC/Co-Si₃N₄ tribo-pair displays relatively constant friction and desirable wear resistance at RT and 400 °C, nevertheless friction rises, and wear deterioration occurs for the WC/Co-Si₃N₄ tribo-pair as temperature exceeds 500 °C. The friction coefficient rises from 0.38 ± 0.03 at 25 °C to 0.68 ± 0.05 at 600 °C, peaking at 0.83 ± 0.07 at 800 °C, while the specific wear rate of WC/Co escalates exponentially from 2.1 × 10⁻⁷ mm³/Nm at 25 °C to 1.4 × 10⁻⁴ mm³/Nm at 800 °C, representing a three-order-of-magnitude increase from RT to 800 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy confirm the formation of tribo-oxidized products. At higher temperatures, though the in-situ formation of tribo-chemically oxidized products initially helps to suppress wear to some extent, 600 °C as the critical threshold for stable tribological performance, beyond which contact fatigue and oxidative wear dominates. WC/Co coating demonstrates the temperature stimulated wear worsening phenomenon, which relates to the interfacial tribochemistry during friction. Resulting WO₃ layer on WC/Co coating rubbed against SiO₂ of Si₃N₄ counterpart substantially undermines the tribological compatibility and thereby poor wear resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 107342"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy transition metal induced superconductivity in high hardness rock-salt structure tantalum carbide","authors":"Shuailing Ma ,&nbsp;Yufei Ge ,&nbsp;Wang Chen ,&nbsp;Min Lian ,&nbsp;Xingbin Zhao ,&nbsp;Qiang Tao ,&nbsp;Kuo Bao ,&nbsp;Pinwen Zhu ,&nbsp;Tian Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107340","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107340","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is widely acknowledged that strong electron-phonon coupling in conventional superconductors predominantly arises from the high vibrational frequencies of light elements. In this work, we report an anomalous superconducting system where the superconducting behavior in the covalent metallic compound TaC originates predominantly from heavy transition metal atoms. Polycrystalline samples of the ‘covalent metal’ TaC (space group Fm-3 m) were synthesized using a high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) technique. Comprehensive characterization through direct magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity measurements confirms that TaC exhibits characteristics of a weakly-coupled type-II superconductor, demonstrating both a remarkably high upper critical magnetic field and a superconducting transition temperature (<em>T</em>_c) of 9.0 K. Intriguingly, the material displays exceptional mechanical properties as evidenced by its asymptotic Vickers hardness values, which significantly surpass these of conventional superconducting materials. The composition with Ta:C = 1:0.9 demonstrates optimal performance balance, achieving a maximum Vickers hardness of 18.7 GPa while maintaining robust superconducting transition characteristics. First-principles calculations reveal that the elevated <em>T</em>_c primarily stems from substantial electronic contributions from tantalum atoms. Our findings demonstrate that controlled introduction of carbon vacancies serves as an effective strategy for tailoring these dual functional characteristics, providing novel design principles for developing specialized superconducting devices capable of operating under extreme mechanical and electromagnetic conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 107340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sintering-driven densification mechanisms and temperature-adaptive tribological behavior of cBN/CuSnTi composites fabricated via powder extrusion printing","authors":"YuXi Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Ye Liu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinbo Wu ,&nbsp;Bin Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cubic boron nitride (cBN)-reinforced metal matrix composites demonstrate exceptional mechanical performance as advanced tool materials. In this study, cBN/CuSnTi composites were fabricated via powder extrusion printing (PEP). The phase evolution, elemental partitioning, and interfacial architecture were systematically investigated. A comprehensive assessment of sintering-driven densification mechanisms, interfacial bonding mechanisms, and tribological behaviors was conducted. Results reveal a temperature-adaptive phase transformation sequence: Cu_13.7Sn + Cu₁₀Sn₃ → Cu_13.7Sn → Cu_13.7Sn + Cu₄₁Sn₁₁ and semi-coherent cBN-reinforcement interfaces, achieving optimal flexural strength (719.1 MPa at 900 °C) and compressive strength (772.1 MPa at 1000 °C). The composite exhibits temperature-adaptive tribological performance. For the 800 °C sintered samples, the friction coefficient increased from 0.09 at room temperature to 0.27 at 300 °C. In contrast, the 900 °C sintered samples exhibited a decrease from 0.47 to 0.18 under the same temperature conditions.PEP-derived composites exhibit superior service-temperature programmability, with in situ oxide films improving high-temperature wear resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 107336"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing strength-ductility in fine-grain More alloy fibers","authors":"Li Huang ,&nbsp;Hailong Xu ,&nbsp;Tian Chang ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Lin ,&nbsp;Jing Liang ,&nbsp;Tian Xin ,&nbsp;Xuanqiao Gao ,&nbsp;Jianfeng Li ,&nbsp;Jianrong Xue ,&nbsp;Wen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Super-high strength (∼ 2.4 GPa) is obtained in fine-grain Mo<img>Re alloy with ignorable ductility at room temperature, which is attributed to fine grain size and high stress concentration induced by thermal-mechanical processing. The processing-induced stress could not fully release at 800 °C annealing for 1 h. The second σ phases precipitating at 1100 °C annealing without obvious spheroidization in columnar grains, providing a comprehensive match between strength (1.25 GPa) and ductility (20 %) at room temperature. Strength remarkably drops after annealing at 1400 °C and 1500 °C with ductility nearly unchanged. Both strength and ductility decrease obviously after annealing at 1600 °C and 1800 °C. The average grain size in 1800 °C annealed sample is nearly twice as in 1600 °C annealed one. Enhanced strength in as-deformed fibers is dominated by fine grain-strengthening, although a large amount of soft [110] texture occurs. Excellent match between strength and ductility may be attributed to the recovery and [112] texture that happens in 1100 °C annealed fiber. What is more, nano-meters σ particles are detected along grain boundaries in 1100 °C annealed fiber, providing an extra strengthening route. In other annealed fibers, the growth of grain size leads to the decrease in strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 107335"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144686542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hot wear resistance of Cu/Ti2SnC composite wire","authors":"Amirhossein Jahani ,&nbsp;Hamed Jamshidi Aval ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rajabi ,&nbsp;Roohollah Jamaati ,&nbsp;Annabel Braem","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigated the hot wear resistance of Cu/Ti₂SnC composite wire. Scanning electron microscope, optical microscope, and electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) were used. The wear test was done at temperatures of 250 °C and 400 °C. By decreasing the reinforcement content, the grain size increased and then decreased but the texture became stronger due to the higher strain. The strong texture influenced the strength and by increasing the reinforcement content, the yield and tensile strength increased and reached 297.8 MPa and 490.3 MPa, respectively, for the wire with 6 vol% Ti₂SnC which contained strengthening mechanisms of dislocation hardening and load transfer. At the hot wear test, the 6-vol% Ti₂SnC wire showed better wear resistance than the pure copper wire due to the proper load transfer of Ti₂SnC particles and the formation of a more mechanical mixture layer (MML). The formed MML caused by the interaction of the wire interface with small debris on the disk interface, provided more protection. The worn SEM images showed that the main wear mechanisms of the extruded wires were adhesion, abrasion, delamination, and oxidation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 107337"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of multi-component alloy binder on diamond skeleton formation in PCD","authors":"Jiangmei Yang ,&nbsp;Tianxu Qiu ,&nbsp;Li Wang ,&nbsp;Guoqin Huang ,&nbsp;Yong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>HPHT-synthesized polycrystalline diamonds (PCD) exhibit ultrahigh hardness, widely used in cutting and drilling tools. The mechanical strength, primarily dependent on diamond skeleton formation, is significantly influenced by the alloy binder. In this study, PCDs were prepared using 3 multi-component alloy binders: Co₆₀Ni₃₀Cr₆C₄, (Co₆₀Ni₃₀Cr₆C₄)₉₄Ti₃Al₃, and (Co₆₀Ni₃₀Cr₆C₄)₉₀Ti_2.5Zr_2.5Al₅ under HPHT conditions. The results show that (Co₆₀Ni₃₀Cr₆C₄)₉₀Ti_2.5Zr_2.5Al₅-PCD achieves the highest transverse rupture strength (approximately 891 MPa), which is 35.6 % and 13.8 % higher than that of Co₆₀Ni₃₀Cr₆C₄-PCD and (Co₆₀Ni₃₀Cr₆C₄)₉₄Ti₃Al₃-PCD, respectively. This improvement is attributed to the formation of a well continuous and interconnected diamond skeleton, most probably facilitated by increased generation of fine diamond grains which effectively bridge these particles. Additionally, the carbides formed under HPHT conditions in the (Co₆₀Ni₃₀Cr₆C₄)₉₀Ti_2.5Zr_2.5Al₅-PCD can strengthen diamond-binder interfacial bonding. This study provides useful insights for designing new alloy binder to synthesize PCD under HPHT while also deepening the understanding of the formation mechanisms of the diamond skeleton within PCD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 107329"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanosecond UV laser-induced subsurface damage mechanism and mechanical responses for cemented tungsten carbide","authors":"Yaqin Zhou ,&nbsp;Shibo Li ,&nbsp;Chongjun Wu ,&nbsp;Jiaxuan Wang ,&nbsp;Steven Y. Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Subsurface damage induced by laser processing critically influences the mechanical properties and service life of cemented tungsten carbide. To elucidate the mechanisms governing laser-material interactions, this study systematically investigates surface and subsurface damage in WC/12Co through nanosecond UV laser ablation, employing angle polishing, Vickers indentation, and multi-scale characterization techniques. The results demonstrate that the ablative morphology, characterized by re-solidified and deposition area, provides insights into subsurface damage mechanisms comprising micro-pores, broken, cracks and the heat-affected zone (HAZ). Effective laser pulse energy is a key parameter in determining ablation efficiency. In the HAZ, reductions in hardness and fracture toughness exhibit a gradient distribution, localized within the laser pulse energy diffusion range. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing laser processing parameters to mitigate subsurface damage in cemented tungsten carbide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 107334"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144653695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated molten salt electro-deoxidation for ultrafine tantalum powder synthesis via intermediate microstructural modulation","authors":"Yapeng Kong,&nbsp;Xiwen Chen,&nbsp;Longdi Ma,&nbsp;Yinxiang Han,&nbsp;Yuran Chen,&nbsp;Liqiang Wang,&nbsp;Yangyang Fan,&nbsp;Xuemin Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The molten salt electro-deoxidation, i.e. the FFC (Fray-Farthing-Chen) process, demonstrates considerable potential for the synthesis of tantalum powder. However, its practical application is hindered by the long electrolysis duration. This study proposes an accelerated electro-deoxidation process in molten Na₃AlF₆-AlF₃ salts for preparing ultrafine Ta powder, which achieves a sequential cathode phase transformation from Ta₂O₅ through intermediate NaTaO₃ to Ta. NaTaO₃ is formed through in situ interfacial reactions between Ta₂O₅ and the electrolyte. We demonstrate for the first time that the growth of the FFC-type intermediate is driven by nanoparticle assembly and oriented attachment mechanism. This growth mechanism is influenced by the structure of the electrolyte/particle interface. By constructing a novel hierarchical pore structure Ta₂O₅ cathode with optimized interfaces, we facilitated a microstructurally controllable transformation of Ta₂O₅ to fine NaTaO₃, thereby effectively mitigating the elongation of oxygen ions solid diffusion pathway induced by intermediate coarsening. In the case of self-assembled NaTaO₃, the weak bonding between the nanoparticles also favors the kinetics of their subsequent decomposition into Ta. This approach has been shown to enable the complete reduction of 1 g of Ta₂O₅ within only 1 h, demonstrating a significant enhancement in process efficiency. The resulting Ta powder exhibits uniform monodisperse morphology and good capacitive behavior in Na₂SO₄ electrolyte solution. The present study may now guide the way towards establishing the electrochemical route for the efficient preparation of many other refractory powders materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 107333"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Nb low-alloying on the microstructure, corrosion and wear performance of a Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy fabricated by Vacuum Arc Melting","authors":"S.N. Emmanouilidou,&nbsp;A.G. Lekatou,&nbsp;A.D. Papagiannopoulos,&nbsp;Z.Z. Siaraka,&nbsp;I.E. Tzala","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the effect of small Nb additions on the microstructure, corrosion and sliding wear performance of Co-28Cr-6Mo-xNb (x = 0, 1, 2, 3 wt% Nb) alloys fabricated by Vacuum Arc Melting (VAM). The alloys featured a dendritic structure with a Co-based matrix (a mixture of FCC-Co and HCP-Co) and intergranular eutectic C14-Laves Nb(Cr,Co)₂ co-located with (Nb,Mo,Cr)C carbides, along with minor amounts of Nb₂O₅. Increasing the Nb content refined the microstructure and increased the amounts of Nb-based hard phases and HCP-Co. Nb was confined to the interdendritic spaces, whereas Mo preferentially segregated there. All compositions showed very low uniform corrosion rates (order of 10⁻⁴ mA/cm²), true passivity and very high resistance to localized corrosion in simulated body fluid at 37 °C during cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, with the 2 wt% Nb-alloy demonstrating the lowest corrosion kinetics. Very low dry sliding wear rates (ball-on-disk test) were measured (order of 10⁻⁷ g/Nm), notably decreasing with increasing Nb content. In view of these findings, VAM proved to be a suitable method for fabricating these alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 107330"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of friction stir processing and heat treatment on arc erosion resistance of cold-sprayed Cu-Ti3SiC2 composite","authors":"Zhibin Yang ,&nbsp;Linshan Wang ,&nbsp;Hongchao Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaomin Zhang ,&nbsp;Kai Li ,&nbsp;Ke Ma ,&nbsp;Wanbin Ren ,&nbsp;Jingjun Xu ,&nbsp;Meishuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2025.107332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For Cu-based composites, the electrical conductivities, hardness and the size and distribution of the reinforcing phase have significant influence on the arc erosion resistance. Ti₃SiC₂ combine the excellent properties of both metals and ceramics and are ideal reinforcing phases for electrical contact materials. Friction stir processing (FSP), as a post-treatment technique, can effectively address the inherent shortcomings of cold-sprayed materials. FSP and heat treatment (HT) were used to change the microstructure and physical properties of Cu-xTi₃SiC₂ (x = 10, 20 wt%) composites, and its arc erosion resistance were tested at AC 220 V/20 A. The results show that Cu-20Ti₃SiC₂ composite has higher electrical conductivity (80.9 %IACS) and uniform ultrafine structure after FSP, so that it has the lowest surface roughness, contact resistance (20 mΩ) and ratio of arc energy to arc duration time (283 mJ/ms). The erosion surface appeared molten copper, craters, cracks, droplet splashing and pores, and Ti₃SiC₂ particles absorbed arc energy and were decomposed into TiO₂ and SiO₂.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"133 ","pages":"Article 107332"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}