International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials最新文献

{"title":"Electrodeposition of W–ZrO₂/ZrC composite coatings assisted by electrophoretic migration of nanoparticles in molten salt","authors":"Wenxuan Qin, Liwen Zhang, Huidi Zhou, Yimei Zheng, Wanyi Qin, Changchi Zhong, Qinghua Zhang, Li Zhu, Zhuqing Wang, Xiaoli Xi","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108096","url":null,"abstract":"W–ZrO₂/ZrC composite coatings were successfully obtained via electrodeposition in Na₂WO₄–WO₃ molten salt with different ZrC concentrations. Electrochemical tests demonstrate that ZrC changes the electrodeposition potential and increases the cathodic overpotential, restraining the electrocrystallization of tungsten ions and impacting the preferred growth orientation of tungsten grains. With the increase of ZrC concentration in molten salt, the content of ZrO₂/ZrC second phases in the coating rises. These dispersed second phases provide abundant heterogeneous nucleation sites and exert an obvious grain boundary pinning effect, transforming the coarse columnar microstructure into dense and fine equiaxed grains. As the ZrC concentration increased from 1.0 mol% to 6.0 mol%, the average grain sizes decreased from 10.4 μm to 5.33 μm, and the Sa value decreases continuously from 9.5 μm to 1.703 μm. The synergistic effects of grain refinement and second phase strengthening significantly improve the microhardness of composite coatings. The fine equiaxed grain microstructure and smooth surface enhance the ion corrosion resistance of the coating. The complex grain boundary and uniformly distributed second phases block the diffusion of oxygen, relieve thermal stress, and inhibit crack initiation and propagation, thereby enhancing the corrosion resistance, high temperature oxidation resistance and thermal shock resistance of the coatings. This study proves that ZrC addition in Na<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>WO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">4</ce:inf>–WO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> melt achieves electrophoretic transport and codeposition of nanoparticles for fabricating tungsten composite coatings.","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148884388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical behaviors and deformation mechanism of WMoTaNbX(X = C,HfN,Ti,V) refractory high-entropy alloys at different temperatures ranging from 77 K to 1473 K","authors":"H.R. Lin,Han Lan,X.F. Yang,S.J. Wu,R.H. Yu,Wang Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"39 1","pages":"108107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148895916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-stoichiometric high-entropy carbide inhibitors for enhanced grain-growth control and performance optimization of WC-10Co cemented carbides","authors":"Ruoyu Chen,Ping Liu,Chengpeng Cai,Wenbao Jia,Guoqi Liu,Minghui Li,Saisai Li,Aiqin Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"10 1","pages":"108106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal conductivity evaluation of SPS-molybdenum produced at different temperatures based on frequency-domain thermoreflectance and finite element method","authors":"Lihua Guo,Jinpeng Zhang,Ting Zhang,Xiyang Liu,Linyuan Lu,Xiaokun Gu,Haibing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108110","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"58 1","pages":"108110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microstructure and mechanical properties of (AlCrZrTiNb)Nₓ high-entropy nitride coatings fabricated via ICP-assisted magnetron sputtering","authors":"Jiale Chen, Chaochao Yin, Yanfei Geng, Changjie Wan, Sergey Konovalov, Xizhang Chen, Tiehui Fang, Wenchang Lang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108095","url":null,"abstract":"High-entropy nitride coatings exhibit great potential for extreme service conditions owing to their outstanding hardness, wear resistance and thermal stability. In this work, high-hardness and wear-resistant (AlCrZrTiNb)Nₓ high-entropy alloy (HEA) nitride coatings were deposited by inductively coupled plasma (ICP)-assisted magnetron sputtering. Six different N<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>/Ar gas flow ratios (0:1, 1:2, 3:4, 1:1, 5:4 and 3:2) were adopted as the key variable to systematically investigate their influences on deposition rate, elemental composition, phase evolution, cross-sectional microstructure and mechanical performance of the coatings. Results show that the nitrogen addition changes the structure from amorphous/BCC metallic alloy to homogeneous FCC solid-solution nitride and refines grains. Strong metal–nitrogen bonding inhibits the precipitation of intermetallic compounds. Coating hardness and wear resistance first increase and then decrease with rising N<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>/Ar ratio. The optimal performance is obtained at an N<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>/Ar ratio of 3:4, where the coating reaches a hardness of 28.59 GPa together with excellent wear resistance. Excessive nitrogen aggravates target poisoning, causes Al depletion and CrN enrichment, and degrades the comprehensive properties. This work proves that the N<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>/Ar ratio is a key parameter for microstructure regulation, and ICP sputtering is suitable for fabricating high-performance wear-resistant high-entropy nitride coatings.","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148885100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of rhenium addition on the wear, impact, and thermal stability of polycrystalline diamond compacts","authors":"Mengyuan Guo,Xinru Zhai,Lifen Deng,Xiwei Cui,Xiangen Ma,Xiaoling Li,Shuai Hou,Kazuhito Nishimura,Nan Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"1 1","pages":"108085"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of multi-layer brazed diamond tool with low energy consumption via self-propagating high-temperature synthesis","authors":"Rui-Xue Song, Feng-Lin Zhang, Tao He, Jun-Yong Zeng, Xin Zhou, Wei-Jian Yang, Xiao-Yi Pan, Yu-Mei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108094","url":null,"abstract":"Brazed diamond tools exhibit excellent diamond grit retention ability and high diamond grit protrusion height owing to the strong diamond grit–matrix interfacial bonding. These advantages result in lower grinding forces and improved material removal efficiency during the machining of hard and brittle materials. However, the fabrication of multi-layer brazed tools remains challenging due to the uncontrolled flow behaviour and gravity-induced sagging of molten filler metal during the brazing cycle. Most multi-layer diamond tools are currently fabricated through powder metallurgy routes involving high energy consumption and considerable graphite mold consumption during hot-press sintering. In the present study, an energy-efficient process for fabricating multi-layer brazed diamond tools was developed based on Ni<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Al self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS). To construct the multi-layer brazed structure, three filler alloys (Ni<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Cr, Cu<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Sn, and Ag<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Cu) were separately incorporated into a resistively ignited Ni<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Al SHS system with a molar ratio of 3:1. The effects of filler alloy addition on the SHS reaction behaviour, phase evolution, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the SHS-derived Ni<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Al compacts were systematically investigated. Diamond grits were further incorporated into the Ni<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Al SHS system to evaluate their influence on the SHS reaction behaviour. Based on the optimized formulation, a multi-layer brazed diamond tool was fabricated. The grinding performance and energy consumption of the Ni<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Al SHS-derived multi-layer brazed diamond tool were evaluated using a commercial hot-press-sintered Fe<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Co multi-layer diamond tool as the reference. The results demonstrated that the addition of filler alloys reduced the combustion temperature and suppressed deformation of the SHS-derived compacts. With the addition of 20 wt% Ni<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Cr filler alloy, the SHS-derived Ni<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Al matrix exhibited high relative density and hardness. The incorporation of diamond grits decreased the combustion velocity by approximately 40% and reduced the combustion temperature by 17%. Compared with the hot-press-sintered Fe<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Co multi-layer diamond tool, the Ni<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Al SHS-derived multi-layer brazed diamond tool achieved an approximately 96% reduction in energy consumption while maintaining acceptable grinding performance.","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148884715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermo-mechanical responses and wear failure mechanisms of various cutting tools during high-speed dry turning of USS122G ultra-high-strength stainless steel","authors":"Jianhao Peng,Biao Zhao,Xiaole Hang,Poppy Puspitasari,Alief Muhammad,Hussein Hanibah,Wenfeng Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108112","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"15 1","pages":"108112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an optimized Zerilli-Armstrong model describing rate-dependent hardening and strain localization behaviour of 91W-6Ni-3Co alloy","authors":"Siddhant Pratap Singh,Rajneesh Patel,Abhishek Kumar Singh,G. Prabhu,Pawan Sharma,Surya D. Yadav,G.M. Karthik","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"16 1","pages":"108104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148893931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On microstructure-controlled deformation and fracture of W[sbnd]Cu composites with varying W content: Miniature mechanical testing and neutron diffraction","authors":"E.A. Flores-Johnson, O. Muránsky, M. Avdeev, A. Bedford, C. Hamelin, C. Wallbrink","doi":"10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijrmhm.2026.108093","url":null,"abstract":"Tungsten–copper (W<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Cu) composites combine high-temperature strength with superior thermal and electrical conductivity, making them essential for fusion reactor components and aerospace applications. Assessing these materials using miniature specimens is crucial when the amount of material is limited. This study investigated the mechanical and fracture behaviour of W<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Cu composites (50–90 wt% W) using mm-sized mesoscale and cm-sized macroscale tensile specimens and the small punch test (SPT), complemented by neutron diffraction and fractography. Both tensile geometries were suitable for composites up to 80 wt% W, yielding consistent values for yield and ultimate tensile strengths, although only macroscale specimens produced valid measurements for brittle W<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>10Cu. Elastic modulus, yield strength, and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased with W content, with yield strength increasing from ∼200 to ∼640 MPa and UTS from ∼390 to ∼720 MPa. Elongation decreased with increasing W content from ∼14% to ∼2% and was most sensitive to specimen size. SPT curves showed reduced ductility and earlier fracture with increasing W content. SPT fractography showed a progressive shift from semi-ductile to brittle behaviour. Empirical relationships between SPT parameters and tensile properties enabled practical estimation of mechanical properties. Neutron diffraction showed plastic deformation was mainly in the Cu, whilst the W exhibited minimal detectable plasticity and remained largely elastic, consistent with an apparent progressive increase in its load-bearing role with increasing W content. As Cu volume fraction and connectivity decreased, plastic deformation became increasingly localised, consistent with enhanced load transfer to the W skeleton. W<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>30Cu marked a critical composition at which reduced apparent Cu continuity was associated with a shift to cleavage-dominated fracture behaviour. These results established a direct link between phase connectivity, strain localisation, and fracture mode in W<ce:glyph name=\"sbnd\"></ce:glyph>Cu composites.","PeriodicalId":14216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148884723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}