International Journal of General Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Gender Differences for the Associations among Housework, Self-Stigma, and Psychiatric Symptoms among Community Severe Mental Disorder Patients.","authors":"Qixiu Li, Meixia Xu, Yifan Chen, Xiaoying Su, Yunxi Zhong, Meiqi Wang, Long Sun","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S511519","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S511519","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Previous studies have suggested housework might reduce self-stigma and psychiatric symptoms, but it had not been validated in severe mental illness (SMI) patients. Considering gender differences, we examined the relationship between housework, self-stigma, and psychiatric symptoms to link family, social, and disease factors, aiding rehabilitation from a \"life-oriented\" perspective, promoting patients from \"passive treatment\" to \"active life reconstruction\".</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We collected 486 questionnaires from SMI patients in Shandong, China (210 men, 276 women, 124 in 0-40 age group, 244 in 41-64 age group, and 118 in 65 or older age group). Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Self-Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness 8-item version were used to measure psychiatric symptoms and self-stigma. Housework and demographic-variables were collected through a questionnaire complied by our research group. Linear regression explicit the relationship between the study variables, based on which a mediation analysis is established to verify the internal mechanism which controls confounding variables (age, religion, marriage, education, occupation, labor capacity, living alone, liability, chronic disease, disease status).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants did housework for less than 1 hour, with men more likely than women (76.2% vs 56.2%). Housework reduced psychiatric symptoms in both genders (men: β = -5.563 (95% CI = -9.513, -1.613), <i>P</i> <0.01, and women: β = -4.088 (95% CI = -7.706, -0.469), <i>P</i> <0.01). However, housework only lowered self-stigma in women (β = -2.322 (95% CI = -3.922, -0.723), <i>P</i> <0.01). Self-stigma fully mediated the housework and psychiatric symptoms (indirect effect = -2.228, 95% CI = -4.046, -0.716).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Housework alleviated psychiatric symptoms in both genders, but only reduced the self-stigma of disease in women, suggesting its potential as a modifiable rehabilitation intervention.</p><p><strong>Limitation: </strong>The cross-sectional design precludes causal inferences, self-reported data may introduce recall bias, the Shandong-based sample limits generalizability, unmeasured confounders (eg, medications, comorbidities) warrant further study, and the small sample size may reduce statistical power.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3797-3809"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12258225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144636913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Applying Metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (mNGS) in Periprosthetic Joint Infection with Sinus Tract: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Xuhui Yuan, Qijin Wang, Haiqi Ding, Hongyan Li, Xinyu Fang, Wenming Zhang, Zida Huang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S531444","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S531444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), especially with sinus tracts, is challenging using traditional cultures. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) offers a culture-independent diagnostic approach. We evaluated mNGS's role in diagnosing and guiding treatment for PJI with sinus tracts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included 52 PJI patients (2019-2024). An mNGS group (n=43; 18 sinus PJI, 25 non-sinus PJI) was compared to a non-mNGS control group (n=9; all sinus PJI, culture-diagnosed). We compared pathogen detection rates. For sinus PJI patients (two-stage revision), 2-year cure rates and antibiotic duration were compared between mNGS-guided and non-mNGS-guided therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In sinus PJI cases (n=18), mNGS achieved significantly higher pathogen detection (88.9%, 16/18) versus culture (50.0%, 9/18) (Relative Risk [RR] 1.78; P=0.027). mNGS also detected more polymicrobial infections (38.9%, 7/18) compared to culture (5.6%, 1/18) (RR 7.00; P=0.041). For sinus PJI treatment, mNGS-guided therapy yielded a significantly higher 2-year cure rate (94.4%, 17/18) than non-mNGS therapy (55.6%, 5/9) (Absolute Risk Increase 38.9%; RR 1.70; P=0.03). Mean antibiotic duration was significantly shorter with mNGS guidance (35.62 ± 5.42 vs 47.11 ± 6.53 days; difference 11.49 days; P<0.01), with a trend towards fewer antibiotic-related complications (11.1% vs 55.6%; P=0.23).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>mNGS significantly improves pathogen detection, especially polymicrobial infections, in sinus tract PJI. mNGS-guided therapy for sinus PJI is associated with substantially improved cure rates and shorter antibiotic duration, highlighting its utility in guiding targeted anti-infection strategies for these complex cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3787-3795"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12256048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Control Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score Predict Early and Long-Term Mortality at the Initiation of Maintenance Hemodialysis?","authors":"Tamer Selen, Gülay Ulusal Okyay, Fatma Ayerden Ebinç, Özgür Merhametsiz, Hatice Şahin, Mehmet Deniz Aylı","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S533080","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S533080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Controlled Nutritional Status (CONUT) score is strongly associated with mortality in various patient groups. This study aimed to assess the CONUT score's ability to predict mortality in Hemodialysis (HD) patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Data from 243 patients who started HD between 2012 and 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Laboratory test results within the first month after dialysis initiation were recorded and CONUT scores were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over a mean follow-up duration of 32.2 months, the association between early (within six months) and late mortality was assessed. During this period, 119 patients (48.8%) died. Non-survivors had higher CONUT scores. The optimal cut-off for the CONUT score was 5.5. Sensitivity and specificity for predicting mortality were 62.2% and 61.23%, respectively. The optimal cut-off for early mortality was 6.5. Sensitivity and specificity for predicting early mortality were 68% and 69.3%, respectively. The CONUT score demonstrated moderate predictive accuracy for mortality (AUC 0.665) and higher accuracy for early mortality (AUC 0.729), highlighting its clinical utility in risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CONUT score at the beginning of HD is a reliable tool in predicting overall mortality in these patients, but it is especially useful in predicting early mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3775-3786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12254193/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144626293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Predicts Stent Edge Restenosis and Adverse Two-Year Outcomes After PCI: An Intravascular Ultrasound Study.","authors":"Xi Wu, Mingxing Wu, Haobo Huang, Zhe Liu, He Huang, Lei Wang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S533584","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S533584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a known contributor to recurrent ischemic events following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Although drug-eluting stents (DES) have significantly advanced coronary revascularization, stent edge restenosis (SER) remains a clinical challenge. However, the relationship between Lp(a) levels and the incidence of SER is not well defined.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the association between serum Lp(a) levels and the development of SER, and to explore potential pathophysiological mechanisms using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 211 patients with SER lesions who underwent IVUS-guided PCI were included. Patients were divided into two groups based on their baseline Lp(a) concentrations: elevated Lp(a) (≥50 mg/dL, n=75) and non-elevated Lp(a) (<50 mg/dL, n=136). Clinical characteristics, angiographic features, IVUS findings, and device-oriented clinical endpoints (DoCE) were compared between the two cohorts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics were similar between the groups (P > 0.05). Neoatherosclerosis was significantly more frequent in the elevated Lp(a) group (56.0% vs 44.1%, P < 0.001), whereas neointimal hyperplasia was less common (24.0% vs 33.8%, P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified elevated Lp(a) as an independent predictor of SER (odds ratio: 3.391; 95% confidence interval: 2.030-5.273; P < 0.001). During a two-year follow-up, the elevated Lp(a) group showed higher rates of DoCE (16.0% vs 7.4%, P < 0.001) and target lesion revascularization (13.3% vs 5.1%, P = 0.011).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elevated Lp(a) is an independent predictor of SER and is associated with adverse two-year clinical outcomes after PCI. These findings underscore the importance of Lp(a) as a potential therapeutic target for improving long-term stent durability.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3713-3725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Machine Learning Model Integrating Tongue Image Features and Myocardial Injury Markers Predicts Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease.","authors":"Mi Zhou, Jieyun Li, Jiekee Lim, Xinang Xiao, Yumo Xia, Qingsheng Wang, Zhaoxia Xu","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S531806","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S531806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to analyse the relationship between markers of myocardial injury, tongue parameters and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in 1293 patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease(CHD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective cohort study in which data were collected from patients diagnosed with CHD at the Department of Cardiology of Yueyang Hospital of Integrative Medicine and Shuguang Hospital in Shanghai, China, between 1 January 2023 and 31 December 2024, etc. All the patients were classified into two different groups according to follow-up results showed whether there was MACE, and the tongue image of each patient was performed using SMX System 2.0 to normalised acquisition was performed using SMX System 2.0, and tongue body (TC_) and tongue coating (CC_) data were converted to RGB and HSV model parameters. Five supervised machine learning classifiers, including XGBoost, logistic regression, KNN, LightGBM, AdaBoost, were used in building the MACE prediction model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1293 patients were finally included in this study, with MACE occurred in 279 (21.6%) participants. After sample balancing using the SMOTE method, non-parametric tests revealed significant differences in imaging indicators, some myocardial injury markers, and tongue image parameters between the 2 groups of patients:LDH,MYO,TC_ROOT_R,TC_ROOT_G (<i>P</i><0.05); the XGBoost, LightGBM models had the highest predictive power (The AUC values of the verification set > 0.97); the combination of SHAP values revealed the importance of the features and provided a quantitative metric to assess the contribution of each feature to the prediction results, Finally, subgroup analysis was conducted based on specific events of MACE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides insight into the potential application of myocardial injury markers, tongue colour parameters, in the prediction of MACE, and future studies could extend the optimisation of the prediction model and explore its application in other cardiovascular diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3739-3765"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12242533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Value of Myocardial Energy Expenditure in the Diagnosis of Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Lei Zhang, Kuopeng Liang, Donghui Ji","doi":"10.2147/IDR.S522910","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IDR.S522910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of myocardial energy expenditure (MEE) in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 100 patients with cirrhosis were classified into a CCM group (34 cases) and a non-CMM group (66 cases) based on the 2020 CCM guidelines. Moreover, 30 healthy volunteers served as a control group. MEE and conventional echocardiographic parameters were measured, and intergroup differences were analyzed. MEE was measured by ultrasound and calculated by formula. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine the relationship between significant indicators and CCM. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted to assess the diagnostic performance of MEE, echocardiographic parameters, and their combination (MEE + echocardiography) in diagnosing CCM.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) Significant differences were observed in the left atrial volume index (LAVI), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), Tei index(TI), early/late peak diastolic flow rate (E/A) ratio, and MEE among the three groups (<i>P <</i> 0.05). (2) Both LVEF and MEE were substantially correlated with CCM and identified as independent predictors (<i>P</i> < 0.05). (3) The ROC analysis revealed areas under the curve (AUCs) of 0.834 and 0.929, respectively, with a combined diagnostic AUC of 0.965 for MEE +LVEF.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MEE and LVEF are reliable predictive markers for CCM, with their combined assessment offering superior diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3767-3774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12239888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Risk Factors and Development of a Predictive Model for Delirium in ICU Patients: Construction, Validation, and Clinical Implications.","authors":"Xia Li, Weisong Zhang, Tao Wang, Zhengfeng Qiu, Xuan Sun, Wenhao Qu, Guopei Zhang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S526749","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S526749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To analyze the influencing factors contributing to the occurrence of delirium in patients within the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and to construct a prediction model for delirium in critically ill patients, subsequently verifying its predictive value.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted involving 641 patients admitted between January 2023 and June 2024. A simple random sampling method was employed to develop the predictive model, with a validation set comprising 193 patients, thus creating a training set of 448 patients. Delirium was assessed using the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU). The baseline data of the two patient groups in the training and validation sets were compared. Logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify independent risk factors influencing the onset of delirium. The R programming language was employed to establish a column-line graph model for predicting delirium occurrence in ICU patients. The Bootstrap method facilitated model validation, while calibration curves and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were utilized to evaluate the model's discriminatory ability and predictive efficacy. Finally, the prediction model was validated using the validation set.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the training cohort, the incidence of delirium among patients was 35.71%. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score (OR=0.421, 95% CI: 0.355-0.501, P<0.001), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) (OR=1.169, 95% CI: 1.014-1.348, P=0.031), emergency surgery (OR=2.735, 95% CI: 1.42-5.268, P=0.003), use of sedative medications (OR=3.816, 95% CI: 1.968-7.397, P<0.001), and postoperative status following major cardiovascular surgery (OR=2.124, 95% CI: 1.205-3.745, P=0.009) were identified as independent risk factors for delirium in the ICU.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The predictive model developed in this study for the occurrence of delirium in ICU patients has been validated, demonstrating high predictive efficacy and offering significant clinical early warning guidance.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3727-3737"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12241664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144608314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA Binding Motif Protein 15 (RBM15): Structure, Function and Its Research Progress in Tumors.","authors":"Xiangyu Long, Bintao Hu, Shiqing Zhu, Yue Wu, Tao Wang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S519741","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S519741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common modification on mammalian mRNA and has gained considerable attention in recent years as a key regulator of gene expression. RBM15 is an important component of the methyltransferase complex. Although its functions are increasingly being recognized, a comprehensive overview of its critical roles in cancer regulation and potential therapeutic relevance is still lacking. This review aims to summarize recent advances in RBM15 by outlining its physiological functions in normal organisms, detailing its biological roles in tumor regulation and discussing its potential clinical applications. This work highlights its potential as a therapeutic target in oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3635-3649"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuromuscular Blocking Agents and Reversal Agents Usage, and Neuromuscular Blockade Monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit - Review Article.","authors":"Maciej Szewczyk, Aleksandra Bieniecka, Kamil Sobolewski, Łukasz Banasiak, Łukasz Grabarczyk","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S524089","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S524089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) are widely used in anesthesiology. However, their use in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) has yet to be fully standardized. Due to numerous conflicting reports or insufficient scientific evidence, there are significant controversies surrounding the use of these drugs, particularly in patients requiring ventilatory support for ARDS, those with increased intracranial pressure, or patients undergoing therapeutic hypothermia (especially after cardiac arrest resuscitation). ICU patients are typically critically ill, often in sepsis, with multiple comorbidities, multi-organ failure, homeostasis disturbances, and requiring multiple medications. These conditions can significantly affect the potency and action of skeletal muscle relaxants. In recent years, the importance of monitoring neuromuscular blockade has been emphasized. Clinical examination, although widely used, has limited applicability in ICU settings. Peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) and train-of-four (TOF) monitoring are qualitative methods, whereas quantitative techniques, which provide objective measurements, are increasingly recommended for managing neuromuscular blockade. Most guidelines currently focus on perioperative monitoring, and there is a lack of detailed recommendations for using these methods in the ICU. This article discusses existing research on the use of skeletal muscle relaxants, neuromuscular blockade reversal agents, and monitoring methods for neuromuscular blockade in intensive care units.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3651-3688"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Therapeutic Targets for Alcohol Use Disorder: Pharmacological View of ClinicalTrials.gov Data.","authors":"Nasser M Alorfi","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S530721","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S530721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a pervasive and chronic condition that causes considerable individual and societal burden. Therapeutic interventions remain limited, highlighting the critical need for the development of more effective interventions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore therapeutic targets in AUD by analyzing interventional clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. It seeks to identify prevailing pharmacological and behavioral treatment strategies and emerging areas of investigation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive search of ClinicalTrials.gov using the keywords \"Alcohol Use Disorder\" identified 209 completed interventional trials. Trials were categorized by intervention type, pharmacological targets, study phase, and participant demographics. Descriptive statistics were used to assess the prevalence and characteristics of the therapeutic strategies under investigation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pharmacological interventions were predominant, targeting systems such as cholinergic (nicotinic receptors), opioid, GABAergic, and glutamatergic pathways. Behavioral interventions were also common, frequently combined with pharmacological treatments. Trials investigating novel targets such as neuroinflammation and neuromodulation are emerging. Most studies were small in scale and were at early to mid-phase stages. Overall, the treatment outcomes showed modest to moderate success in reducing alcohol cravings, increasing abstinence duration, and preventing relapse, though larger confirmatory trials remain limited.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The clinical trials for AUD reflects a strong focus on neurotransmitter-targeted pharmacotherapy, supplemented by behavioral approaches. Newer interventions targeting neuroimmune pathways and brain stimulation techniques show promise but require further investigation in larger, more advanced trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3701-3712"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238138/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}