International Journal of General Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Oral Health and Probable Sarcopenia in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Ayça Asma Sakallı, Bilal Katipoğlu","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S544631","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S544631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to examine the association between oral health-related quality of life and probable sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults, and to evaluate the potential role of oral health assessment in routine geriatric care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 315 individuals aged ≥65 years who were registered with the Home Health Unit and the Geriatric Outpatient Clinic of a tertiary hospital in Türkiye. Oral health-related quality of life was measured using the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Muscle strength was assessed with a handgrip dynamometer, and probable sarcopenia was defined according to the revised European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) criteria as low muscle strength. Additional assessments included the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), Strength, Assistance with walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls (SARC-F) questionnaire, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living, and Mini-Cog test. Correlation, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants had a mean age of 80.8 years (SD 7.5); 43.5% were male. Handgrip strength was positively correlated with GOHAI (r = 0.376, p <0.001), MNA-SF (r = 0.446, p <0.001), and Mini-Cog (r = 0.126, p <0.05), and negatively correlated with age, SARC-F, and frailty. GOHAI correlated positively with MNA-SF (r = 0.206, p <0.01) and negatively with SARC-F (r = -0.134, p <0.05). In univariate logistic regression, lower GOHAI, lower MNA-SF, older age, polypharmacy, and higher SARC-F scores were significantly associated with probable sarcopenia. In multivariate analysis, GOHAI, MNA-SF and polypharmacy remained independent predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Poor oral health-related quality of life was independently associated with probable sarcopenia in older adults. Incorporating an oral health measure such as the GOHAI into routine geriatric assessment may facilitate early detection of at-risk individuals and support timely, targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4901-4909"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12404252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Risk Factors of Hypotension in Patients with End-Stage Chronic Glomerulonephritis During Maintenance Hemodialysis.","authors":"Qiaoxia Chen, Juanjuan Chen, Yanjuan Teng","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S536545","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S536545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the risk factors of hypotension during maintenance hemodialysis in patients with end-stage chronic glomerulonephritis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 129 patients with end-stage chronic glomerulonephritis on maintenance hemodialysis admitted to our hospital from March 2022 to May 2024 were retrospectively analyzed, and the relevant clinical data of the patients were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed on various factors that may affect the occurrence of hypotension in patients, and the nomogram model was constructed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive risk of hypotension in patients with end-stage chronic glomerulonephritis on maintenance hemodialysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 9186 times of dialysis were completed in 129 patients, and 597 times of intradialysis hypotension (IDH) occurred in 46 patients, with an incidence of 6.50%. The patients were divided into IDH group and No-IDH group according to whether they had intradialytic hypotension (IDH). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ultrafiltration rate, weight growth rate, vascular access type and plasma albumin were independent risk factors for hypotension in patients. A nomogram model was constructed based on the above factors. The area under the curve (AUC) of the nomogram model for predicting intradialytic hypotension (IDH) was 0.862.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultrafiltration rate >10 mL/min, weight growth rate >3%, long-term catheter vascular access and low plasma albumin level are independent risk factors for hypotension in patients with end-stage chronic glomerulonephritis undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. The nomogram model based on these factors has a high application value in identifying patients at high risk of hypotension.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4885-4892"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12402708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Utility of Pre- and Post-Endoscopic Risk Scores and Hemodynamic Indexes in Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding in the Emergency Department.","authors":"Bedriye Müge Sönmez, Elif Hamzaçebioğlu Kayışoğlu, Gülşen Akçay, Necip Gökhan Güner","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S532949","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S532949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is a controversy about risk scores for risk stratification of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) in the emergency department (ED). This study aimed to compare the prognostic utility of UGIB scores with perfusion index (PI) and shock index (SI) in these patient groups in the ED.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on a convenience sample of patients with AUGIB who were admitted to the ED of a tertiary care hospital. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) were used to evaluate the predictive performance of pre- and post-endoscopic risk scores, as well as hemodynamic indexes (PI and SI), in terms of composite endpoints.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rockall Score (RS), Cedars Sinai Medical Centre Predictive Index (CSMCPI), Progetto nazionale emorragia digestiva score (PNED), Glasgow Blatchford Score (GBS), and albumin, international normalized ratio, mental status, systolic blood pressure, age ≥65 years score (AIMS65) were significantly higher for endoscopic intervention (p=0.002, p<0.001, p=0.001, p=0.002, p=0.004, respectively). RS, Cedarsiani, PNED, and GBS were significantly higher in hospitalized patients (p = 0.001, p < 0.001, p = 0.021, p = 0.002, respectively). RS, PNED, and AIMS65 scores were significantly higher for recurrent hemorrhage (p = 0.019, p = 0.005, p = 0.008, respectively). RS, Baylor Bleeding Score (BBS), Cedarsinai, PNED, and AIMS65 were significantly higher for mortality (p = 0.01, p = 0.013, p = 0.026, p = 0.005, p = 0.003, respectively). SI was statistically significant only for the transfusion need of patients (p = 0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AIMS-65 seems to be more valuable and feasible than the others in the ED. Hemodynamic indexes should be used in conjunction with risk scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4873-4884"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12402423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Prognostic Accuracy of Clinical and Inflammation- or Nutrition-Based Scores in Older Adults with Community-Acquired Pneumonia.","authors":"Merve Eksioglu, Burcu Azapoglu Kaymak, Ebru Unal Akoglu, Selman Faruk Akyıldız, Ramazan Sivil, Tuba Cimilli Ozturk","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S540730","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S540730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to assess the prognostic accuracy of the Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS), modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS), and C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR) in predicting 30-day mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admission compared with the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) and CURB-65 in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This retrospective, single-center cohort study was conducted in a tertiary emergency department. Patients aged ≥65 years with CAP were included. Exclusion criteria were hospital- or ventilator-associated pneumonia, pneumonia mimics, and immunocompromised status. GPS and mGPS were calculated using CRP >10 mg/L and albumin <35 g/L. ROC and logistic regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 349 patients (mean age: 77.96 ± 8.42 years; 52.7% men) were included. The 30-day mortality and ICU admission rates were 19.5% and 27.2%, respectively. For predicting mortality, the GPS showed an AUC of 0.753 (95% CI: 0.690-0.816), sensitivity of 75.0%, specificity of 73.3%, PPV of 43.9%, and NPV of 92.4%. mGPS had an AUC of 0.747 (95% CI: 0.679-0.814), sensitivity 77.9%, specificity 73.3%, PPV 45.2%, and NPV 93.2%. The CAR yielded an AUC of 0.677 (95% CI: 0.604-0.751), sensitivity of 82.4%, specificity of 45.6%, PPV of 29.5%, and NPV of 91.4%. For ICU admission, the AUCs were 0.770 (GPS), 0.757 (mGPS), and 0.676 (CAR). The PSI demonstrated the highest predictive accuracy (AUC: 0.884 for mortality, 0.919 for ICU admission), followed by CURB-65 (AUC: 0.848 and 0.879, respectively). Independent predictors of 30-day mortality included acute confusion, lower PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio, low systolic blood pressure, reduced hemoglobin levels, and Alzheimer's disease or dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The PSI and CURB-65 demonstrated superior prognostic accuracy. GPS and mGPS showed moderate performance, whereas CAR exhibited the lowest overall discriminative ability for both outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4811-4824"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12399091/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Therapeutic Effects of Bushen Huoxue Formula Combined with Aerobic Exercise on Reproductive Function in Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Experimental Study Based on the Integration of Sports and Medicine.","authors":"Qian Zhang, Ying Zhu, Junjie Li, Mengxue Duan, Hongqiu Zhu","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S530104","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S530104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the therapeutic effects of Bushen Huoxue Formula combined with aerobic exercise (COMB) on reproductive function in obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) mice.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seventy-six 3-week-old female C57BL/6JGpt mice were randomly divided into a control group (CON, <i>n</i>=14) and a model group (MOD, <i>n</i>=62). The PCOS model was established using a high-fat diet (HFD) combined with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). Successfully modeled mice were randomly allocated into the MOD group (<i>n</i>=12), metformin group (MET, <i>n</i>=12), Bushen Huoxue Formula group (BHF, <i>n</i>=12), aerobic exercise group (AE, <i>n</i>=12), and BHF combined with AE group (COMB, <i>n</i>=12). After 8 weeks of intervention, 6 female mice were randomly selected from each group. Body weight, body fat percentage (BFP), and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) were measured. Fasting insulin (FINS) and serum sex hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), and estradiol (E2)) were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The remaining female mice in each group were co-housed with 10-week-old male mice. Pregnancy rate, abortion rate, and embryonic resorption rate were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 8 weeks of intervention, MET, BHF, AE, and COMB groups showed significant improvements in ovarian morphology, body weight, BFP, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and serum sex hormone levels (P<0.05). Compared with the BHF and AE groups, the COMB group demonstrated superior effects in reducing BFP, T levels, and HOMA-IR (P<0.05). All intervention groups showed higher pregnancy rates compared to the MOD group. Notably, the BHF, AE, and COMB groups exhibited lower abortion and embryo loss rates than the MET group. COMB group showed the most favorable pregnancy outcomes, including higher pregnancy rate, lower abortion and embryo absorption rates, and increased total number of embryos.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined intervention of the COMB group demonstrated superior therapeutic effects on reproductive function in obese PCOS mice compared to the individual interventions of the BHF group or AE group, with a better safety profile. The integrated sports-medicine approach shows promising clinical potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4851-4862"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12399099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updates on Current Situation of Cutaneous Sporotrichosis: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Jing Shi, Wei Zhang, Xiao Liu, Mingcheng Li","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S531445","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S531445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sporotrichosis, a cutaneous or subcutaneous infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Sporothrix species, is widely distributed in China, with a notably higher incidence during colder seasons in northeastern Jilin Province. Recent advancements in <i>Sporothrix</i> taxonomy have significantly improved our understanding of diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment strategies. In this review, we described the updated overview of recent progress of sporotrichosis, including etiology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and treatment strategies, to provide a comprehensive description of preventive measures and control strategies aimed at facilitating future breakthroughs in research. We highlighted the geographical and population distributions specific to Jilin, China. The ongoing research efforts of novel diagnostic technologies, nanodrugs or nanoformulations treatment options are developed to advance knowledge about this sporotrichosis and its agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4863-4871"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12399893/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of Fetal Congenital Heart Disease by Prenatal Ultrasound and Its Diagnostic Value.","authors":"Chuansheng Feng, Mohan Wang, Yizhen Ji, Yasong Xu, Shiyu Sun, Li Sun, Qichang Wu","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S535375","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S535375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate diagnostic value of prenatal ultrasound in classifying fetal congenital heart disease (CHD) and to verify its diagnostic accuracy by comparing its results with postnatal pathological findings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 372 pregnant women with fetal CHD, detected by ultrasound, who underwent interventional prenatal diagnosis. Prenatal CHD cases were classified at three levels. Pathological and anatomical examinations of CHD fetuses were performed in 305 pregnant women who terminated pregnancies; results were compared to those of prenatal ultrasonography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At first classification level, complex type accounted for 37.6% (140/372), predominated by double outlet right ventricle (DORV); severe 36.6% (136/372), represented by tetralogy of Fallot (TOF); and simple 25.8% (96/372), commonly ventricular septal defect (VSD). At second classification level, incidence of isolated was higher than that of syndromic [55.9% (212/372) vs 42.2% (160/372), <i>P</i><0.05]. Facial dysplasia 24.2% (90/372) and skeletal system malformations 12.4% (46/372) were common. Incidence of simple CHD did not vary between isolated and syndromic [OR=1.017, 95% CI (0.636,1.626), <i>P</i>=0.945]. In contrast, incidence of severe [OR=2.126, 95% CI (1.366, 3.310), <i>P</i><0.001] was high in isolated and that of complex [OR=0.478, 95% CI (0.312, 0.732), <i>P</i><0.001] was high in syndromic. At third classification level, valvular disease accounted for 57.3% (213/372), and conotruncal defects (CTDs) 57.0% (212/372), were more prevalent in congenital cardiovascular anomalies. Incidences of VSD 70.4% (150/213) were high in all valvular diseases, with combined intracardiac and extracardiac malformations being 58% (87/150) and 42.7% (64/150), respectively. Among CTDs, TOF 25.5% (54/212) was common. Prenatal ultrasound and postnatal pathology revealed 92.5% (282/305) coincidence rate in CHD diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Three-level classification method enables a comprehensive analysis of prenatal diagnosis and prognosis for fetal CHD, facilitating timely decision-making in clinical settings. Prenatal ultrasound plays an essential role in CHD diagnosis, facilitating implementation of clinical interventions tailored at halting this menace.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4837-4849"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12399096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unmasking the Mental Health Burden of Hypertension: Examining Psychological Distress, And Cognitive Function, Impact on Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Treatment in a Tertiary Care Hospital.","authors":"Maham Fatima, Adeel Aslam, Maheen Ijaz, Mudassir Anwar, Shazia Jamshed, Saeed Asiri, Wajid Syed","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S519184","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S519184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>A major global public health concern is hypertension, particularly in low- and middle-income countries like Pakistan. Despite the fact that its physical manifestations are widely recognized, little is known about its psychological effects and how they impact patients' quality of life (QoL) in clinical practice and research. The current study examined the relationship between the quality of life of patients with hypertension and psychological distress, including stress, anxiety, and depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 385 patients were recruited from a tertiary care facility in Lahore using a cross-sectional approach. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to measure psychological distress, and the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) was used to measure quality of life. The Physical Component Summary (PCS-12) and the Mental Component Summary (MCS-12) are the two summary scores that are produced by the SF-12. Non-parametric tests like the Kruskal-Wallis <i>H</i>-test and the Mann-Whitney <i>U</i>-test were used in the statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings showed substantial levels of psychological discomfort, with the most common severities being very severe anxiety (50.1%), severe depression (31.2%), and severe stress (46.8%). More significantly, there was a high association (p<0.001) between lower PCS-12 and MCS-12 scores and depression, anxiety, and stress, indicating a substantial negative impact of psychological distress on both the mental and physical aspects of quality of life. Psychological health and QoL results were also predicted by sociodemographic characteristics, including age, gender, income, education, and work status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the value of integrating psychological evaluation and psychiatric assistance into the management of hypertension for enhanced overall health outcomes as well as patient quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4763-4783"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12399098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144953317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Diagnostic Efficacy of Targeted Next-Generation Sequencing on Nasopharyngeal Swabs in Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia.","authors":"Cheng Shi, Juan Zhang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S531908","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S531908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to evaluate diagnostic efficacy of targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) on nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis, compiling nasal and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) specimens from a cohort of 147 children diagnosed with CAP at Tongling Maternal and Child Health Hospital from May 2023 to October 2024. The diagnostic accuracy of nasal tNGS was evaluated and compared against BALF tNGS and conventional microbiological tests (CMT), which included microbial culture and targeted polymerase chain reaction assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nasal tNGS detected a broader range of 25 pathogens, while CMT identified 17, and BALF tNGS identified 21, with significant differences in detection rates favoring tNGS methods (P<0.001). Single pathogen detection rates were 35.6% for nasal tNGS and 54.4% for BALF tNGS, with <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae</i> being the most prevalent. Concordance in pathogen detection between nasal swabs and BALF using tNGS was highest for <i>Human respiratory syncytial virus</i> (Cohen's kappa, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.81-1), indicating almost perfect agreement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NP swab-based tNGS technique offers valuable insights for the early etiological diagnosis and treatment of pneumonia, particularly in identifying viral pneumonia.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4803-4810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12399864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Targets and Immune Mechanisms of Yinghuang Decoction in Sepsis: Integrating Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Pharmacokinetic Approaches.","authors":"He Zhang, Lijuan Wu, Fenqiao Chen, Yanjun Liu, Linlin Liu, Jianqiang Mei","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S532274","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S532274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Yinghuang Decoction is an herbal formula that is used for the treatment of sepsis. This study used network pharmacology and molecular docking methods to explore the potential mechanism of Yinghuang Decoction against sepsis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The active ingredients, target genes, and sepsis-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were acquired from the public database. The intersection genes were obtained, and the function enrichment analysis was performed. Next, the herbs-active ingredients-genes-disease and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using Cytoscape v3.7.2. Subsequently, the hub genes were identified using the CytoHubba plugin. The immune cell levels were evaluated by the single-sample Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (ssGSEA). Furthermore, molecular docking was carried out. Finally, the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of active ingredients were predicted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 7 hub genes (ESR1, PTGS2, CACNB4, KCNMA1, GMPS, AHR, PRKCA) and 11 active ingredients were obtained. These hub genes were significantly correlated with immune cells that are significantly dysregulated in sepsis, such as immature B cells. Among them, three hub genes (CACNB4, GMPS, and PRKCA) exhibited relatively stable diagnostic performance for sepsis (AUC above 0.7). Four active ingredients, linoleic acid, palmitic acid, kaempferol, and afzelin, had good binding affinities with ESR1, PRKCA, and PTGS2, respectively. The four active ingredients met Lipinski's rule principles and were not hepatotoxic or carcinogenic. Real-time qPCR validated the expression of hub genes in sepsis patients, which could reverse after Yinghuang Decoction treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study exhibited the multiple active ingredients and hub genes of Yinghuang Decoction against sepsis and might offer new insight for advancing its research in sepsis treatment. Due to limited sample size, the expressions of hub genes should be validated in the larger cohorts.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4785-4801"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12400957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144992441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}