International Journal of General Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Neutrophil Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio as a New Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients.","authors":"Changjing Shi, Juan Wang, Weichen Liu, Yiyi Mo, Yuan Huang, Xiaoxiao Wei, Dongmei Huo, Aifang Huang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S533135","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S533135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Neutrophil percentage-to-albumin ratio (NPAR), dually reflecting inflammation and malnutrition, is related to poor prognosis closely in a range of diseases. However, prognostic value of NPAR in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients remains to be confirmed. This study aimed to investigate the association between NPAR and all-cause mortality in MHD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis in the blood purification department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from January 2021 to June 2021 were prospectively studied. NPAR was calculated by dividing neutrophils percentage by Albumin. Participants were followed for 36 months, with all-cause mortality as the primary endpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 146 male and 80 female MHD patients included in this study, with a median age of 56 years. 53 (23.5%) patients died during the follow-up period. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis revealed significantly lower survival in patients with high NPAR (>16.96) compared to those with low NPAR (≤16.96) (log rank test p=0.000). Multivariate Cox regression has identified NPAR as an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (HR=1.346, 95% CI 1.192-1.521, p=0.000). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of NPAR was 0.821 (95% CI: 0.759-0.882, p=0.000) and had a trend to be better than that of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR; AUC=0.710), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR; AUC=0.647), neutrophil count (AUC=0.606), albumin (ALB; AUC=0.752), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP; AUC=0.670).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NPAR is independently associated with all-cause mortality in MHD patients and may serve as an emerging indicator for risk stratification and prognostic management for this group of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4069-4078"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12306558/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Auricular Point Sticking for Patients with Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis.","authors":"Danli Ma, Qiyong Qian, Yulin Fan, Youqin Zuo, Linlu Ye, Yalian Chen","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S527833","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S527833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) is an acute otolaryngologic emergency. Although evidence suggests that auricular point sticking (APS) may be beneficial for hearing recovery, the role of APS in sudden hearing loss is unclear. The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical application of APS in SSHL patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>This prospective cohort study analyzed 624 patients with SSHL between January 2019 and December 2023. Patients were divided into an APS group (n=165) and a non-APS group (n=459) based on APS use. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance the two groups. Hearing recovery and cure rates were evaluated between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After PSM, hearing recovery (P=0.020) and cure rate (P=0.009) were significantly higher in the APS group than in the non-APS group. Ordered logistic regression analysis indicated that APS (odds ratio [OR] = 2.182, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.335-3.565, P=0.002) was significantly associated with hearing recovery. A significant improvement in cure rate (OR = 2.320, 95% CI: 1.378-3.904, P=0.002) was observed in APS patients compared to the non-APS group. Sensitivity analysis further confirmed that patients who received APS exhibited better hearing recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>APS enhances hearing recovery and cure rates in SSHL patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4079-4089"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12306543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144742095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling Restless Legs Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review of Current Research and Future Directions.","authors":"Yang Xu, Yuqian Guan, Binxia Lang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S544680","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S544680","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Restless leg syndrome (RLS) is a prevalent neurosensory motor disorder that significantly affects the quality of life of patients. This article provides a comprehensive review of advancements in RLS research encompassing epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology, diagnostic methodologies, and treatment approaches. Epidemiological investigations have established the global prevalence of RLS, highlighting variations in age, sex, and race, and their association with medical conditions such as pregnancy, anemia, and chronic kidney disease. Genetic research has concentrated on familial inheritance patterns, the functions of associated genes, and the interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental influences. Pathophysiological studies have examined the involvement of the central nervous system, dopaminergic system, and neurotransmitter imbalances in the etiology of RLS. The diagnostic techniques discussed include the progression of clinical diagnostic criteria, application of imaging modalities, laboratory examinations, such as serum ferritin assessment, and identification of biomarkers. Treatment strategies encompass both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions along with the exploration of personalized treatment options. Furthermore, this article anticipates the integration of emerging technologies in RLS research, the increasing trend of interdisciplinary collaboration, and the challenges and opportunities that future research may encounter with the objective of providing a thorough reference for advanced research and clinical practice concerning RLS.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4041-4055"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12296998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain on Pregnancy Complications and Outcomes.","authors":"Jin Long, Zhou Chu, Yanfang Xiao, Chanjuan Chen, Juan Zhang, Xiuying Yi, Fei Liu, Guohong Hu","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S526688","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S526688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess impacts of pre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) on pregnancy complications and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 2488 pregnant women from Zhuzhou Central Hospital (2022). Participants were categorized by pre-pregnancy BMI (underweight, normal, overweight, obese) and GWG (insufficient, appropriate, excessive). Multivariate logistic regression evaluated associations with outcomes, adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences existed across BMI groups for age, parity, gestational diabetes (GDM), gestational hypertension (GHT), preterm birth, birth weight, cord entanglement, and delivery mode (all p<0.05). GWG significantly associated with age, parity, GDM, GHT, preterm birth, birth weight, and delivery mode (all p<0.05). After adjustment: <i>Pre-pregnancy BMI</i>: Underweight women had higher risks of preterm birth (OR=3.14, 95% CI:1.37-7.23) and GDM (OR=2.94, 95% CI:1.60-5.39). Overweight women had higher risks of GDM (OR=5.62, 95% CI:2.86-11.06) and GHT (OR=9.49, 95% CI:4.17-21.60). <i>GWG</i>: Insufficient gain increased risks of cesarean delivery (OR=1.48), low birth weight (LBW; OR=2.30), and macrosomia (OR=2.82). Excessive gain increased risks of preterm birth (OR=2.36), GDM (OR=1.52), GHT (OR=1.61), cesarean delivery (OR=1.57), LBW (OR=3.70), and macrosomia (OR=5.39) (all p<0.05 unless specified). Notably, obesity showed no significant associations. Maternal age ≥35 years independently increased preterm birth risk (OR=1.58), while high parity (≥3) was protective (OR=0.75).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG significantly influence pregnancy complications and neonatal outcomes. Proper weight management may improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4057-4067"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12296679/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infections in Moyamoya Phenomenon: Current Evidence and Future Horizons-Narrative Review.","authors":"Sheng Wang, Qian Jiang, Yuan Liu, Xincheng Zhang, Yimin Huang, Huaqiu Zhang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S532425","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S532425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Moyamoya Disease (MMD) is a progressive cerebrovascular disorder characterized by the stenosis or occlusion of the terminal portions of the internal carotid arteries and fragile collateral vessel formation. While its etiology remains elusive, emerging evidence strongly implicates infections as key environmental triggers, particularly through immune-mediated vascular injury and interactions with genetic susceptibility (eg, RNF213 variants). This review explores the current understanding of the relationship between infections and MMD, examines epidemiological data, molecular and immunological mechanisms, genetic predispositions, and specific infections implicated in the disease. Critical limitations include causality ambiguity from reliance on anecdotal reports, methodological heterogeneity across studies, and mechanistic gaps in validating infection-endothelial dysfunction relationships. Future research must prioritize prospective cohorts and therapeutic strategies targeting infection-responsive pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4027-4040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12301141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-Invasive Diagnosis and Monitoring of Diabetic Nephropathy: Assessment of Renal Function and Fibrosis by Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging.","authors":"Jian-Lei Yuan, Li-Ao Hu, Xin-Yu Wang, Zhao-Yu Shi, Ting Chen, Xin-Zhong Huang, Yu Wu, Qiu-Jie Cai, Zi-Xu Yang, Xin-Yi Chen, Li Yuan, Yuan Zhang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S517683","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S517683","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This monocentric, cross-sectional study explored the use of diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) as a non-invasive means to diagnose and monitor diabetic nephropathy (DN).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM, n = 11), mild DN (N = 14), and severe DN (n = 29) were recruited. Eight DKI metrics (MK, MD, Da, Dr, Ka, Kr, FA, FAk) were determined from the imaging results, and their correlations with routine laboratory results were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted, and the diagnostic value of the DKI metrics was analyzed. In addition, renal biopsy was carried out for ten DN patients who had appropriate indications. Their interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) score and the fibrosis ratio of cortical area (F%) were analyzed in combination with the DKI metrics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The progression of DN, reflected by the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), was accompanied by rising mean kurtosis (MK) and axial kurtosis (Ka) along with decreasing mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (Da), and radial diffusivity (Dr). Whereas MK was correlated negatively with hemoglobin (Hb) and eGFR and positively with neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), cystatin C (CysC), and serum creatinine (Scr), MD, Da, and Dr were positively correlated with Hb and eGFR and negatively correlated with CysC and Scr. For the biopsied patients, MK was positively correlated with IFTA, and fractional anisotropy of kurtosis (FAk) was negatively correlated with F% and IFTA. Among the DKI indicators, MK had the highest AUC (0.922, 95% CI: 0.843-1.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The noninvasive monitoring of DN was feasible with DKI, and MK could indicate the renal function and fibrosis of DN patients. Changes in MK may also serve as a biomarker to assess treatment response (eg, microstructural improvement) after therapeutic interventions (eg, drug therapy for diabetic nephropathy, anti-fibrotic therapy).</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4011-4026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Analysis of Imaging and Pathological Features of Ependymomas.","authors":"Dengbing Sun, Fei Chen, Zhaoping Wang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S528992","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S528992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To summarise and analyse the imaging manifestations and pathological features of patients with ependymoma, and to explore the potential correlation between them.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 32 patients with ependymoma diagnosed between January 2020 and December 2024, all of whom underwent computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging examinations. Imaging analysis included lesion diameter, location, morphology, surrounding oedema and enhancement manifestations; pathological analysis included histopathological examination and immunohistochemical detection, with detection indicators including glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), S-100 protein, EMA, Ki-67 and other markers. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 32 patients, the average age was 40.7 ± 18.4 years, with adults accounting for 90.6% and children 9.4%. Tumours were distributed in multiple locations, most commonly in the spinal canal (31.3%) and the fourth ventricle (18.8%). Imaging features showed that tumours mostly presented low signal on T1WI (87.5%), with high and low signals each accounting for about 45% on T2WI, and all cases showed heterogeneous enhancement on enhanced T1WI. Nineteen cases (59.4%) had restricted diffusion, 19 cases (59.4%) had cystic components and 25 cases (78.1%) had necrosis. Pathological results showed that most tumours were World Health Organization grade II (46.9%), with 12 cases (80.0%) having ZFTA fusion (L1CAM overexpression). Immunohistochemical detection showed a positivity rate of 75.0% for GFAP and 62.5% for Ki-67. Statistical analysis showed that ZFTA fusion tumours were more likely to be located in the fourth ventricle (p = 0.02) and were significantly associated with cystic components, stellate signs and necrosis (p < 0.05). In cases with a Ki-67 index > 10%, 89.5% showed significant enhancement (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study confirmed a significant correlation between imaging and pathological features of ependymoma. Imaging examinations can provide important clues for diagnosis but pathological examinations are needed to improve accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"4001-4009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12292348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144730358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Necrotizing Fasciitis: A Retrospective Review of the Microbiological Aspects and Factors Associated with Multi-Drug Resistance from a Saudi Tertiary Care Hospital.","authors":"Rania Abd El-Hamid El-Kady, Ahd Ahmed Mansour, Ahmed Mahmoud Fouad ElGuindy","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S533021","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S533021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Necrotizing fasciitis (NF) is a potentially lethal soft tissue infection, with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. Data on the microbiological aspects of NF from Saudi Arabia are extremely lacking. Thereby, we endeavored in this study to highlight the microbial causes of NF and their antimicrobial resistance profiles, as well as the risk factors and independent predictors for development of multi-drug resistant (MDR) strains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Over a period of three years, we retrospectively reviewed the medical, intraoperative, and laboratory electronic records of adult patients diagnosed with NF in our institution. We analyzed the risk factors for acquisition of MDR-NF using univariate analysis, whereas a multivariate regression model was generated to identify the independent predictors for MDR-NF.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 38 adult patients diagnosed with NF, 27 (71.1%) were males and the mean age was 60.11 ±13.57 years. The lower extremities were the most common site for NF (36.8%). Overall, monomicrobial NF (58%) was more frequent than the polymicrobial type (42%). A relatively high rate of MDR organisms was identified amongst the Gram-negative isolates (33.3%). Risk factors for MDR-NF included increased hospital length of stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, old age, coexisting malignancy, and increased Laboratory Risk Indicator for Necrotizing Fasciitis score. The multivariate analysis identified lengthy hospital stays and ICU admission as the independent predictors for MDR infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study showed that MDR-NF is a growing challenge in clinical practice that poses negative impacts on the patient outcomes as well as health care resources. On that premise, it is crucial to enforce antimicrobial stewardship guidelines, and to improve our infection control policies to mitigate the escalating surge of MDR organisms. Furthermore, thorough active surveillance studies and enhanced collaboration amongst healthcare professionals are pivotal for early recognition and intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3983-4000"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12285869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Ferroptosis-Related Genes in Patients with Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.","authors":"Guangwei Jiang, Jikuan Li, Ruoyu Dong, Yuyan Chen, Xiaoyu Zhang, Xiaoming Shi","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S522363","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S522363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During acute kidney injury, hypoxic injury following reactive oxygen species (ROS) production due to reoxidation leads to severe inflammation and ferroptosis. Thus, the aim of the current research was to determine the ferroptosis-related biomarkers in IRI injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>GSE43974 dataset was analyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using bioinformatics analysis. The intersection of DEGs and ferroptosis-related genes was identified as differentially expressed ferroptosis-related genes (DEFRGs). Finally, a renal ischemia-reperfusion model was made using mice, and the model was identified by HE staining and markers of IRI, including BUN and Scr. Changes in the expression of hub gene in the model and sham groups were detected by RT-pcr.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3950 DEGs were identified between the IRI and control samples. Thereafter, 74 DEFRGs are obtained by taking the intersection of DEGs and ferroptosis-related genes. The GO analysis indicated that DEFRGs were mainly enriched in response to oxidative stress-related pathway. By MCODE, ATF3, ATF4, ATG3, ATG5, BECN1, DDIT3, HSPA5, NFE2L2, WIPI1, XBP1 were identified as hub genes. ATF3, DDIT3, ATF4, and ATG3 with AUC more than 0.7 were identified as biomarkers. It was confirmed by RT-pcr that the expression of hub genes ATF3, DDIT3, ATF4 was significantly elevated, and the expression of ATG3 was significantly reduced in the IRI model group. It was consistent with the expected results of data analysis in GEO.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, our study identified 4 ferroptosis-related hub genes in the IRI and demonstrated that they are potential diagnostic biomarkers for IRI.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3969-3981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144682539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Risk Factors and Development of a Predictive Model for Prognosis in Early-Stage Rectal Cancer Patients.","authors":"Chao-Tuan Zhang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S529336","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S529336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early-stage rectal cancer remains a significant clinical challenge due to variable patient outcomes. Identifying prognostic factors and developing an accurate predictive model is essential for optimizing treatment strategies and improving survival.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study enrolled 156 patients with histologically confirmed early-stage rectal cancer treated from January 2016 to December 2019. Patients with complete clinical, pathological, and laboratory data and a minimum follow-up of 5 years were included. Data on demographics, body mass index, carcinoembryonic antigen levels, tumor characteristics, and lymph node status were extracted from electronic medical records. Univariate survival analysis was performed using the Log rank test, followed by multivariate analysis via Cox proportional hazards regression. A prognostic nomogram was constructed using the rms package, and its performance was evaluated with the concordance index and Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Internal validation was conducted through 1000 bootstrap resampling iterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate analysis demonstrated that factors such as age, BMI, CEA levels, T stage, lymph node metastasis, tumor histology, and lymph node retrieval significantly influenced 5-year overall survival. Multivariate analysis confirmed these variables as independent prognostic factors. The resulting nomogram, incorporating seven risk factors, exhibited robust discriminative ability with a corrected C-index of 0.806 (95% CI, 0.768-0.861) and excellent calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ² = 2.865, P = 0.891).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The predictive nomogram developed in this study provides a practical and reliable tool for individualized risk assessment and treatment planning in early-stage rectal cancer patients, potentially enhancing clinical decision-making and patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3961-3968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12276742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}