International Journal of General Medicine最新文献

{"title":"A Risk Model Based on sCD25 for Early Mortality in Adult Patients with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis.","authors":"Chunfan Li, Kebing Lv, Yulan Zhou, Xiaoye Cheng, Fei Li","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S518920","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S518920","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a life-threatening hyperinflammatory syndrome, is characterised by rapid disease progression and high early mortality. We aim to investigate the characteristics of the early death (ED) in adults with HLH and develop a reliable risk model to predict early mortality.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Between September 2013 and July 2024, 254 adult patients with HLH were examined. Clinical data including presentation, triggers, treatments, and laboratory results were reviewed. Cases were randomly divided into training and validation cohorts using R. Independent risk factors for 60-day mortality were identified, leading to the development of a risk model using nomogram.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>26.4% (67/254) of patients with HLH died within 60 days. Cox multivariate analyses identified independent risk factors for 60-day mortality, including PLT <100×10⁹/L (<i>P</i> = 0.006), sCD25 ≥12000 U/mL (<i>P</i> = 0.046) and EBV DNA copies ≥ 10000 copies/mL (<i>P</i> = 0.006). And the C-index, a measure of predictive performance, of the ED risk model by nomogram yielded values of 0.698 and 0.654 in the training cohort and validation cohort, respectively. The calibration curve demonstrated that the prediction outcome was correlated with the observed outcome. Assigning values to each risk factor, this resulted in the stratification of the 254 patients into low-risk groups (n = 54), intermediate-risk groups (n = 184), and high-risk groups (n = 16), with the corresponding 60-day overall survival rates being 90.7%, 71.7%, and 37.5%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The novel ED risk model can effectively and precisely identify high-risk adult patients with HLH, offering appropriate clinical recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3689-3699"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12232950/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Artificial Intelligence Pipeline for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Data to Treatment Recommendations.","authors":"Xuebing Zhang, Liuxin Yang, Chengxiang Liu, Xingxing Yuan, Yali Zhang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S529322","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S529322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses significant clinical challenges, including difficulties in early diagnosis and the complexity of treatment options. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are emerging as powerful tools to address these issues through a unified AI pipeline. This pipeline begins with data ingestion and preprocessing, integrating multimodal data such as imaging, genomic and clinical records. Machine learning and deep learning techniques are then applied to analyze these data, improving tumor detection, characterization, and early diagnosis. The pipeline extends to personalized treatment planning, where AI integrates diverse data types to predict patient responses to various therapies. In drug development, AI accelerates the discovery of new treatments through virtual screening and molecular modeling, while also identifying potential new uses for existing drugs. AI further enhances patient management through remote monitoring and intelligent support systems, enabling real-time data analysis and personalized care. In research, AI improves big data analysis and clinical trial design, uncovering new biomarkers and optimizing patient recruitment and outcome prediction. However, challenges such as data quality, standardization, and privacy remain. Future developments in multimodal data integration and edge computing promise to further enhance AI's impact on HCC diagnosis, treatment, and research, leading to improved patient outcomes and more effective management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3581-3595"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229156/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of Endoscopy-Guided Nasojejunal Feeding Tube Placement in Post-COVID-19 ICU Patients: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Yuequn Chen, Guiqiong Wu, Chaojun Qu, Zimao Ye, Yihao Kang, Xin Tian","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S523748","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S523748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The impact of complications and long-term outcomes remains unclear for endoscopy-guided nasojejunal feeding tube (ENFT) placement versus blind nasogastric feeding tube (BNFT) placement on post-COVID-19 ICU patients.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A retrospective cohort study comparing BNFT and ENFT placement in ICU patients post-COVID-19 infection.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of BNFT versus ENFT placement methods on complications in post-COVID-19 ICU patients requiring enteral feeding.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>A total of 310 ICU patients were retrospectively analyzed after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, comprising 99 patients in the ENFT group and 211 patients in the BNFT group.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>The study was conducted in the intensive care units of a tertiary care hospital from September 2023 to November 2023.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>Primary outcomes included baseline clinical characteristics and symptoms prior to COVID-19 infection. Secondary outcomes assessed post-COVID-19 complications over short (up to 2 weeks), medium (2-4 weeks), and long-term (beyond 4 weeks) periods. These complications included shortness of breath, cognitive dysfunction, muscle and joint pain, sleep disturbances, and gastrointestinal symptoms, measured by GSRS and SAQ scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline characteristics were similar between both groups (p > 0.05), indicating well-matched cohorts. Post-COVID-19, the ENFT group exhibited significantly lower rates of shortness of breath, cognitive dysfunction, muscle and joint pain, sleep disturbances, and mental health challenges, especially for long-term feeding tube usage (p < 0.05). GSRS scores were lower and SAQ scores were higher in the ENFT group, indicating better gastrointestinal and cardiovascular outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ENFT placement is associated with fewer post-COVID-19 complications compared to BNFT, particularly for patients requiring long-term feeding tube usage in the ICU.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3609-3626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12229153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Relationship Between Treatment Burden and Self-Care and Its Impact on Systolic Blood Pressure and Hypertension Control.","authors":"Zhihui Jia, Zimin Niu, Yao Jie Xie, Zhiran Su, Jia Ji Wang, Jose Hernandez, Yu Ting Li, Harry H X Wang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S517281","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S517281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Effective blood pressure (BP) control necessitates sustained adherence to self-care regimes; however, adherence can be undermined by excessive treatment burden. The longitudinal dynamics between treatment burden and self-care behaviours remain less understood, with particularly limited understanding of how the temporal relationship may influence BP control.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study sought to examine the temporal relationship between treatment burden and self-care while investigating their collective longitudinal impact on both systolic BP levels and hypertension control.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated a community-based longitudinal cohort of 1718 hypertensive patients (mean age 54.6 ± 11.9 years; 28.5% with coexisting diabetes). Treatment burden and self-care were measured at two time points (T1 and T2), separated by an approximate 11-month period, with BP measured in the subsequent 14 months (T3). We employed cross-lagged panel modelling and mediation analysis to examine the temporal relationship between treatment burden and self-care (from T1 to T2) and their collective influence on systolic BP and hypertension control (T3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for covariates, we observed a significant cross-lagged path coefficient between treatment burden (T1) and self-care (T2) in the total sample (path coefficient = -0.089, <i>P</i><0.001). The association remained consistent across subgroups-including individuals aged less than 60 years (path coefficient = -0.083), aged 60 years and above (path coefficient = -0.113), diabetic patients (path coefficient = -0.103), and non-diabetic patients (path coefficient = -0.085), with all <i>P</i><0.001. The mediation analyses demonstrated that self-care (T2) accounted for 10.7% (<i>P</i><0.001) and 11.1% (<i>P</i><0.001) of the total effect of treatment burden (T1) on systolic BP and hypertension control (T3), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study findings establish a temporal sequence wherein elevated treatment burden precedes suboptimal self-care capacity, which in turn adversely affects subsequent BP control. The nature of such association opens the door for further primary care research on developing more sustainable hypertension management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3597-3607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Effect of Motor Imagery Combined with Whole-Body Vibration Therapy on Elderly Patients with Limb Dysfunction After Stroke.","authors":"Can Ao, Lu Zhan","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S524860","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S524860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the clinical efficacy of motor imagery (MI) combined with whole-body vibration (WBV) therapy on elderly patients with post-stroke limb dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective case-control study. Elderly stroke patients with limb dysfunction were divided into a control group (traditional rehabilitation training) and an observation group (MI combined with WBV therapy). Outcomes assessed included upper limb muscle strength/function, event-related potentials (P300), gait indicators, balance, and self-care ability before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were a total of 139 patients, with 67 in the control group and 72 in the observation group. After intervention, the upper limb muscle strength and function, event-related potentials, gait indicators, balance ability, and self-care ability of both groups improved compared to before intervention, and the observation group was better than the control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of MI and WBV therapy was superior to traditional rehabilitation alone in improving limb function, cognitive responses (P300), gait, balance, and self-care ability in elderly stroke patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3627-3634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228498/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FGFR2-Rearrangement in Intrahepatic and Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma and Prognostic Analysis.","authors":"Jianghong Guo, Fengxin Chen, Jie Li, Yanfeng Xi","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S526759","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S526759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinicopathological and follow-up data of 328 cholangiocarcinoma patients treated at Shanxi Cancer Hospital from November 7, 2016, to August 11, 2021, were retrospectively reviewed. All samples were tested for Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) fusion by FISH. The expression of the proliferative marker Ki67 in patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinomas (iCCA) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. All patients were followed up from the date of surgery to the time of death or August 31, 2023. Pathological specimens from patients with recurrence were collected and FGFR2 was tested again.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The positivity rates for FGFR2 fusion in intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinomas were 15%, 2.73%, and 1.69%, respectively. The chi-square test showed that tumor diameter, perineural invasion, complications, and FGFR2 fusion were statistically significant. Immunohistochemistry showed that patients with low expression of Ki67 accounted for 30% of iCCA, low expression of Ki67 and FGFR2 fusion was statistically significant. Relapse specimens were collected from 13 patients, and FISH showed that the expression of FGFR2 was consistent with that of the primary lesion. Multivariate analysis showed that lymph node metastasis was an independent factor for the prognosis of cholangiocarcinoma (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CCA is an aggressive tumor with high mortality and low survival rates, especially for perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (pCCA). Therefore, it is necessary to understand the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors of iCCA, pCCA and distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA). In addition, lymph node status is likely to be an independent and important prognostic factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3569-3578"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective Doses of Oliceridine Combined with Propofol for Painless Hysteroscopy: A Prospective Dose-Finding Study [Retraction].","authors":"","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S550042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S550042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This retracts the article DOI: 10.2147/IJGM.S523428.].</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3579-3580"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12230246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144583867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deaths from Acute Respiratory Infections are Linked to High Fasting Blood Glucose and Decreased Levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein/Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein.","authors":"Li Li, Wei Du, Jing Song, Ye Lu, Jing Wan, Wenjie Wang, Yunhai Feng, Jun Yin","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S516326","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S516326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Winter poses a significant threat to acute respiratory infections (ARIs), often leading to severe outcomes including mortality. This study investigated the effect of glucose and lipid metabolism on mortality rates among individuals with ARIs.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We collected clinical data including indicators related to glucose and lipid metabolism, liver and kidney function, complete blood count, coagulation function, and other parameters from 1675 hospitalized patients with ARIs who were consecutively admitted during the winter season. The clinical characteristics and influencing factors associated with mortality in these patients were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Risk factors contributing to mortality in patients with ARIs include fasting blood glucose (FBG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein E (ApoE), small dense LDL (sdLDL), D-dimer, lymphocyte count, blood urea nitrogen, and a history of diabetes. Notably, when FBG above 7.8 mmol/L, mortality followed a parabolic association with HbA1c-lowest at extremes (<5.7% or ≥8.5%) but markedly higher in the mid-range (5.7-8.4%). Among patients with diabetes, those who succumbed to the infection exhibited higher FBG levels but lower glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels than those who recovered. Moreover, low levels of LDL/sdLDL and high levels of ApoE were inversely and positively linked, respectively, to mortality rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with ARIs, FBG level, rather than HbA1c level, is a risk factor for mortality. Moreover, low LDL/sdLDL levels and high ApoE levels are associated with increased mortality. The retrospective design and lack of long-term follow-up may limit the findings, highlighting the need for prospective validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3557-3567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144575438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of Serum Occludin as a Prognostic Biomarker of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Mediation Role of Acute Lung Injury: A Two-Center Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Shaojun Zhang, Xiufeng Ye, Mi Guo, Yidong Jin, Xuebo Zhang, Jiehao Tu, Jing Huang, Zhiqiang Lian, Fangfang You, Han Zhang","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S529592","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S529592","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Occludin is a crucial biomarker of blood-brain barrier disruption. Here, we investigated the association between serum occludin levels and poor neurological outcomes after severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) and the mediating effect of acute lung injury (ALI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this two-center prospective cohort study of 246 patients with sTBI and 100 controls, the serum occludin levels were measured. In-hospital ALI and six-month post-sTBI Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores were documented. Independent factorial relationships between severity and prognosis were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients showed notably enhanced serum occludin levels compared to controls. Serum occludin levels were independently associated with Glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores, and Rotterdam computed tomography (CT) scores were linearly related to the likelihood of ALI and poor prognosis (GOS scores of 1-3), as well as independently associated with ALI, poor prognosis, ordinal GOS scores, and continuous GOS scores. The association of serum occludin levels with ALI and poor prognosis was not moderated by age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, alcohol consumption, or tobacco smoking. ALI partially mediates the relationship between serum occludin level and poor prognosis. As confirmed via a series of statistical approaches, prediction models of poor prognosis and ALI incorporating serum occludin levels and their respective independent predictors performed satisfactorily.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant increase in serum occludin levels following sTBI is closely correlated with trauma severity, ALI, and poor prognosis. This may partially elucidate the link between serum occludin levels and poor prognosis, thereby strengthening serum occludin as an acceptable prognostic biomarker of sTBI.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3525-3546"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12225637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between Serum Inflammatory Factor Level Changes and Disease Severity in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Complicated by Tuberculosis.","authors":"Yiyao Di, Fan Yang, Conglu Che, Shenghui Xu, Ying Qi","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S522251","DOIUrl":"10.2147/IJGM.S522251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and tuberculosis (TB) complicates diagnosis and treatment, increasing disease burden and mortality. The correlation between serum inflammatory factors and disease severity and prognosis in COPD patients with TB remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 200 participants treated at the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from December 2020 to December 2022: 80 patients with COPD and TB, 40 with COPD alone, 40 with TB alone, and 40 healthy controls. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were compared across groups and correlated with disease severity and prognosis in COPD patients with TB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IFN-γ, sIL-2R, and CRP were significantly higher in the COPD with TB group compared to all other groups (P<0.05). In this group, elevated levels of these markers were associated with increased disease severity and poorer prognosis (P<0.05). Correlation analysis showed positive associations between inflammatory cytokine levels and disease severity, and negative associations with prognosis (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum inflammatory markers may help assess disease severity and prognosis in COPD patients with TB. However, due to the observational design, causality cannot be inferred. Further prospective, multi-center studies are required to validate these findings before clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"3547-3556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12219164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144553455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}