International Journal of General Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Swim-Up, Density-Gradient Centrifugation, and Microfluidic Sorting in Sperm Preparation, and the Impact on Motility, Morphology, and DNA Integrity.","authors":"Zi-Na Wen, Li Duan, Yong Chen, Qing-Hong Qiu, Gang Liu, Ning Luo, Peng-Hao Li, Er-Po Tian, Ren-Shan Ge","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S517575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S517575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong> Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered a major factor contributing to sperm DNA damage during sperm preparation for assisted reproductive technologies (ART). This study aimed to investigate whether microfluidic sorting can select sperm with a low DNA fragmentation index (DFI) and to explore the underlying mechanisms. We compared the effects of three sperm preparation methods-swim-up, density-gradient centrifugation, and microfluidic sorting-on sperm quality and DNA integrity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> Semen samples from 12 patients were divided into three equal portions and processed using swim-up, density-gradient centrifugation, and microfluidic sorting techniques. Sperm concentration, motility, morphology, DFI, intracellular H₂O₂ levels, and mitochondrial O₂⁻ levels were measured and compared across the three methods. Additionally, DFI was assessed in both fresh and frozen-thawed sperm samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Sperm prepared using microfluidic sorting exhibited significantly higher total motility (85.3 ± 3.2%) and progressive forward motility (72.5 ± 2.8%) compared to density-gradient centrifugation (total motility: 70.1 ± 3.5%; progressive motility: 58.4 ± 3.1%). Microfluidic sorting also resulted in a significantly lower DFI (8.2 ± 1.5%) compared to density-gradient centrifugation (25.6 ± 2.3%) and swim-up (15.4 ± 1.8%). Intracellular H₂O₂ levels were similar across all methods, but mitochondrial O₂⁻ levels were significantly lower in microfluidic-sorted sperm (12.3 ± 1.2%) compared to fresh semen (20.5 ± 1.8%). After cryopreservation, sperm prepared by microfluidic sorting and swim-up maintained lower DFI levels (10.5 ± 1.6% and 14.8 ± 1.9%, respectively) compared to density-gradient centrifugation (28.3 ± 2.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Microfluidic sorting is an effective method for selecting sperm with higher motility, normal morphology, and lower DFI, while also reducing mitochondrial O₂⁻ levels. This method shows promise for improving sperm quality and DNA integrity, particularly in the context of ART and cryopreservation. Further clinical studies are needed to validate these findings and explore the long-term implications of microfluidic sorting in ART procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"2355-2366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12049673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144007321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Impact of Anemia in Patients with Significant Mitral Regurgitation: A Multicenter Cohort Study.","authors":"Junxing Lv, Qianhong Lu, Zhe Li, Yunqing Ye, Bin Zhang, Weiwei Wang, Qinghao Zhao, Haitong Zhang, Zhenyan Zhao, Bincheng Wang, Qingrong Liu, Shuai Guo, Zikai Yu, Zhenya Duan, Yanyan Zhao, Runlin Gao, Haiyan Xu, Junbo Ge, Yongjian Wu","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S509171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S509171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Anemia may affect cardiac function and outcomes in cardiovascular diseases. However, there is scarce evidence on the impact of anemia in patients with mitral valve dysfunction. This study sought to investigate the prevalence of anemia in patients with significant mitral regurgitation (MR), as well as its association with outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 4339 patients with moderate or greater MR in the China Valvular Heart Disease study were included in this analysis. Anemia was determined according to the World Health Organization definition. The primary outcome of this study was two-year all-cause mortality, and the secondary outcome was the composite of death and hospitalization for heart failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anemia was present in 33.1% (1435/4339) of the study population. During a median follow-up of 732 (704-748) days, 426 (9.8%) patients died and 686 (15.8%) experienced the composite endpoint. Both anemia and hemoglobin were independently associated with two-year outcomes (all P < 0.001). Similar results were observed in patients with conservatively managed MR, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤60%, or in subsets according to New York Heart Association functional class (I/II-IV), the diagnosis of heart failure, severity of valvular lesion, etiology of MR, and the presence of malnutrition. The combination of anemia with left atrial dilatation or impaired left ventricular systolic function identified high-risk patients with significantly poor survival, and the inclusion of anemia to EuroSCORE II model enhanced risk prediction in MR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anemia was common in patients with MR, and it was a significant predictor of poor prognosis. The high prevalence and negative impact of anemia make it as an important risk factor for prognostic evaluation and clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"2303-2318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive Factors for Fetal Growth Restriction in Patients with Preeclampsia: A Clinical Prediction Study.","authors":"Mingxing Yan, Feng Li, Shi Jun, Liying Li, Wenqiang You, Liping Hu","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S510654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S510654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preeclampsia (PE) is a significant pregnancy complication associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, particularly fetal growth restriction (FGR). Identifying risk factors for FGR in PE patients can facilitate timely management and improve neonatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective case-control study analyzed 714 singleton pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia at Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital from January 2016 to October 2023. Participants were categorized based on the presence of FGR. Clinical data, including demographic characteristics, laboratory parameters, intrapartum complications and neonatal outcomes, were collected and analyzed. We employed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression to identify independent risk factors for FGR. An individualized predictive nomogram was then developed and validated using a training (499 participants) and a validation cohort (215 participants). The model's discrimination, clinical usefulness, and calibration were assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve, and calibration analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study identified 256 women with FGR and 458 without FGR.The research identified nine significant predictors for FGR in PE patients, including family history of hypertension, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), uric acid (URIC), mode of delivery, mean platelet volume (MPV), prothrombin time (PT), severity of preeclampsia, post-pregnancy weight, and gestational age. The nomogram demonstrated excellent predictive performance, with an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.93 (95% CI 0.91-0.96) in the training cohort and 0.90 (95% CI 0.85-0.95) in the validation cohort. Calibration plots indicated that predicted probabilities closely matched observed outcomes in both cohorts, while decision curve analysis (DCA) indicated that the nomogram provided a satisfactory net benefit for patients at risk of FGR.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The nomogram developed in this study serves as a reliable tool for predicting FGR in pregnant individuals with preeclampsia. Its application could enhance clinical decision-making and improve fetal outcomes in at-risk populations. Further validation in diverse populations is recommended to strengthen its clinical utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"2289-2301"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Accuracy of Dynamic Parameters for Prediction of Fluid Responsiveness in Elderly Patients with Septic Shock.","authors":"Sittikorn Paphawin, Pongdhep Theerawit, Detajin Junhasavasdikul, Yuda Sutherasan","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S517511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S517511","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Assessed the accuracy of stroke volume variation (SVV), pulse pressure variation (PPV), and dynamic arterial elastance (Eadyn) in predicting fluid responsiveness (FR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) response in elderly patients with septic shock.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Mechanically ventilated patients aged over 65 with septic shock were enrolled. SVV, PPV, and Eadyn were recorded before and after FR testing (≥10% increase in cardiac output following a passive leg raise test or fluid challenge). MAP responsiveness was defined as a ≥10% increase in MAP post-fluid loading. Receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed to assess predictive parameters such as PPV, SVV for fluid responsiveness, and Eadyn for MAP response after loading. Optimal cutoff values were determined using the Youden index. Sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. A p-value <0.05 indicated statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 76 ± 8 years. Of the 104 patients, 46 were FR-positive. PPV and SVV were higher in FR-positive patients (PPV: 22.07 ± 11.02 vs 9.34 ± 7.39, p < 0.001; SVV: 20 ± 11 vs 9 ± 6, p < 0.001). The AUC was 0.875 for PPV, 95% confidence interval (CI) of 0.802-0.947, and 0.841 for SVV, 95% CI of 0.757 -0.925. Thresholds of 13.5% for PPV and 11.5% for SVV were found, with 81.8% sensitivity and 87% specificity. MAP responders had higher Eadyn (1.31 ± 0.54 vs 1.01 ± 0.93, p = 0.013). Eadyn showed an AUC of 0.844, with a threshold of 1.00 (sensitivity 85.7%, specificity 75%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PV, SVV, and Eadyn are predictors of FR and MAP responsiveness in elderly septic shock patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"2333-2342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047231/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Safety of Anlotinib Plus Docetaxel versus Docetaxel Monotherapy in Patients with Previously Immunotherapy-Treated NSCLC: A Retrospective Exploratory Study.","authors":"Da-Wei Li, Ying-Dong Li, Hong Jin","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S521360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S521360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anlotinib plus docetaxel in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have previously treated with immunotherapy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis was conducted on 86 previously immunotherapy-treated patients with advanced NSCLC from December 2018 to October 2024 in clinical practice. Those who received anlotinib plus docetaxel were assigned to experimental group (EG, N=43), while those who were treated with docetaxel monotherapy were deemed as control group (CG, N=43) in clinical practice. Efficacy and safety of both regimens were compared with regular follow-up for survival data collection. The primary endpoints included overall survival (OS) and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ORR in the experimental and control groups was 30.2% (95% CI: 17.2-46.1%) and 13.9% (95% CI: 5.3-27.9%), respectively, showing a trend towards significance (<i>P</i>=0.069). DCR was significantly higher in the EG at 79.1% (95% CI: 63.9-89.9%) compared to 51.2% (95% CI: 35.5-66.7%) in the CG (<i>P</i>=0.007). After a median follow-up of 12.8 and 8.5 months, respectively, the median PFS was 6.5 months (95% CI: 4.08-8.92) in the EG, compared to 2.9 months (95% CI: 2.53-3.27) in the CG (<i>P</i>=0.019). The median OS was 13.5 months (95% CI: 10.49-16.51) in the EG, compared to 9.2 months (95% CI: 5.73-12.67) in the CG (<i>P</i>=0.007). Adverse events of all grades occurred in 93.0% of patients in the EG and 83.7% in the CG. Grade 3 or above adverse events were detected in 51.2% and 44.2%, respectively, with similar safety profiles between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Anlotinib plus docetaxel demonstrated preliminary efficacy and a tolerable safety profile in patients with previously immunotherapy-treated advanced NSCLC, providing a potential therapeutic option in the post-immunotherapy setting. The conclusion should be confirmed in prospective clinical trials subsequently.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"2319-2331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia, Systemic Biomarkers, and Risk of 30-Day Readmission After Pneumonia: A Multi-Center Cohort Study.","authors":"Carlos Lam, Hung-Chou Chen, Jowy Tani, Chia-Chieh Wu, Elisa F Ogawa, Tian-Shin Yeh","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S520926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S520926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dementia is a significant risk factor for adverse health outcomes, including pneumonia-related hospitalizations and readmissions. While comorbidities have been shown as predictors of poor pneumonia outcomes, the interplay between chronic comorbidities and acute physiological conditions, reflected by systemic biomarkers, remains underexplored. This study investigates the independent and joint effects of dementia and acute biomarkers on 30-day readmission risk following pneumonia hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>We conducted a multicenter cohort study using data from three hospitals within the Taipei Medical University Clinical Research Database. Patients aged ≥45 years hospitalized for pneumonia between 2014 and 2021 were included. Dementia status was identified via ICD-9/10 codes, and acute systemic biomarkers were measured at the time of emergency department presentation. The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause readmission. Multivariable logistic regression assessed independent associations, while joint-effects models examined the combined impact of dementia with biomarker abnormalities and comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 11,989 patients, 6.7% experienced 30-day readmission. Dementia was independently associated with readmission (adjusted OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.07-1.61). Other significant predictors included abnormal hemoglobin (OR: 1.55), creatinine (OR: 1.42), glucose (OR: 1.32), and comorbidities such as cancer, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus. Joint-effects models showed that dementia amplified the impact of abnormal biomarkers, eg, patients with low hemoglobin and dementia had an OR of 1.98 compared to those with normal hemoglobin and no dementia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dementia and acute biomarker abnormalities independently and synergistically increase 30-day readmission risk after pneumonia hospitalization, underscoring the need for integrated management strategies targeting both cognitive and systemic health.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"2343-2353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12047259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144063749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advanced Machine Learning did not Surpass Traditional Logistic Regression in First-Trimester Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prediction: A Retrospective Single-Center Study From Eastern China.","authors":"Hongyan Ni, Jinli Miao, Jian Chen","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S513064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S513064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) poses serious health risks to both mothers and fetuses. However, effective tools for identifying GDM are lacking. This study, based on a Chinese cohort, aims to construct and compare the predictive performance of traditional logistic regression (LR) and six advanced machine learning (ML) models, thereby aiding in the early identification and intervention of GDM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study utilized medical examination data from 956 singleton pregnant women collected between January and December 2023 from ten maternal and child health hospitals in Pinghu City. We employed receiver operating characteristic curves and precision-recall curves to assess the predictive performance of the models. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to evaluate clinical utility, while calibration curves and Hosmer-Lemeshow (HL) tests were applied to assess the calibration of each model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 956 participants were randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a 3:1 ratio. We identified 13 features through Spearman correlation analysis and the Boruta algorithm to construct the models. The LR model exhibited the best AUC at 0.787 (0.723-0.85), outperforming the seven other ML models including RF at 0.776 (0.711-0.841). Furthermore, the LR model showed good calibration and clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although ML has tremendous potential, in predicting the occurrence of GDM based on common early pregnancy data, the ML models did not completely outperform the traditional LR model. Simpler, traditional models may be more effective than complex ML approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"2263-2274"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12044303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Knowledge and Prescription Practice of Gastroenterologists and Pharmacists Toward Probiotics in Saudi Arabia: An Electronic Survey-Based Study.","authors":"Samah A Alharbi, Najla A Obaid","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S498171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S498171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Probiotics are live microorganisms that provide many benefits to the human body when supplemented with a diet. In Saudi Arabia, there are limited studies on the use of probiotic supplements for some gastrointestinal inflammatory and infectious conditions. Many health professionals who provide health care for patients with gastrointestinal conditions may recommend probiotics at different degrees based on their knowledge and experience. This study aimed to explore the knowledge and practice of gastroenterologists and pharmacists in Saudi Arabia regarding probiotics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We measured the practice of recommending, prescribing, and using probiotics by analyzing the responses of the healthcare specialists (gastroenterologists and pharmacists) using an anonymous online survey. The survey was constructed to explore the knowledge, use, and manner of prescribing probiotics by healthcare practitioners in the Saudi community to discuss health benefits with patients with gastrointestinal conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most gastroenterologists (61.5%) partially disagreed that probiotics could benefit the treatment of digestive symptoms. However, a third of the pharmacists agreed that probiotic products could relieve digestive symptoms. The attitude toward and practice of prescribing probiotics depend on many factors, including professionals' beliefs in the benefits of probiotics, insufficient evidence from previous studies and clinical trials about the beneficial use of probiotics, cost, and manufacturing brands.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gastroenterologists' and pharmacists' knowledge of probiotics was up to date as evident by their ability to identify specific digestive disorders for which probiotics may be beneficial, as well as their rejection of the notion that probiotics are universally effective in all gastrointestinal disorders, which is a commonly held belief in the community. The cost of probiotics as supplements to dairy products or as brands alone may also affect the prescription of probiotics by health professionals, as shown in the current study.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"2275-2288"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144016681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single Cell Transcriptomics Genomics Based on Machine Learning Algorithm: Constructing and Validating Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Gene Model in COPD.","authors":"Jia Yu, Tiantian Xiao, Yun Pan, Yangshen He, Jiaxiong Tan","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S516139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S516139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neutrophil trap (NET) is an important feature of chronic inflammatory diseases. At present, there are still few studies to explore the characteristics of NET in different chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This study aimed to identify NET signature genes in different COPD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed single-cell RNA sequencing data from COPD and non-COPD individuals to identify differentially expressed neutrophil genes. Machine learning algorithms were applied to construct models A and B, specific to smoking and non-smoking COPD patients, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through single-cell cluster analysis, 165 neutrophil characteristic genes in COPD group were successfully identified. Model A, consisting of key genes CD63, RNASE2, ERAP2, and model B, consisting of GRIPAP1, NHS, EGFLAM, and GLUL, were validated internally and externally, showing significant risk scores and good diagnostic efficacy (AUC: 60.24-87.22). Alveolar lavage fluid in patients with COPD was studied and confirmed higher expression levels of RNASE2 and NHS in severe COPD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study successfully developed NET signature gene models for identifying smoking and non-smoking COPD respectively, with validated specificity and predictive power, offering a foundation for personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"2247-2261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144029878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Evaluate the Diagnostic Performance of Rapid on-Site Evaluation (ROSE) in Combination with Endobronchial Ultrasound (EBUS) for Pulmonary Lesions.","authors":"Shan Xu, Qianlong Yin, Jisong Zhang, Xiaoling Xu, Enguo Chen, Kejing Ying","doi":"10.2147/IJGM.S513395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/IJGM.S513395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Currently, Endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) and rapid on-site evaluation (ROSE) are extensively utilized in the clinical practice of respiratory medicine. The combined diagnostic approach has been shown to enhance the clinical diagnostic accuracy; however, certain controversies remain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 200 patients who underwent endobronchial ultrasound combined with transbronchial lung biopsy with a guide sheath (EBUS-GS-TBLB) or endobronchial ultrasound combined with transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) and received histopathological diagnoses at the Bronchoscopy Department, from January 2021 to January 2022. Of these, 168 patients were assigned to the ROSE group and 32 to the non-ROSE group. The diagnosis rates of EBUS-GS-TBLB and EBUS-TBNA, both with and without ROSE, along with the secondary biopsy rate, complication probability, and mean number of biopsies, were compared to analyze the differences between tumors and non-tumors. The safety of EBUS-GS-TBLB and EBUS-TBNA was also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall diagnostic accuracy was 85.71% in the ROSE group and 65.62% in the non-ROSE group. The diagnostic accuracy of the ROSE group was significantly higher than that of the non-ROSE group (P < 0.05). Compared to the non-ROSE group, the rate of secondary biopsy in the ROSE group was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), particularly in non-tumor cases. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of complications and the average number of biopsies between the two groups (P > 0.05). Compared to the EBUS-GS-TBLB group, the EBUS-TBNA group showed a significantly lower incidence of complications and fewer biopsies (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The integration of ROSE with EBUS enhanced the diagnostic rate and reduced the need for secondary examinations in the biopsy diagnosis of lung lesions, particularly in the definitive diagnosis of non-neoplastic lesions. The combination of ROSE technology appears to be more advantageous. Compared to EBUS-GS-TBLB, EBUS-TBNA demonstrated a lower incidence of complications and fewer biopsies.</p>","PeriodicalId":14131,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of General Medicine","volume":"18 ","pages":"2237-2245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12036591/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}