International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research最新文献

{"title":"Behaviour Pattern regarding HIV/AIDS among Students of Selected Professional Institutes of Ghaziabad District of Uttar Pradesh.","authors":"M. Chouksey, V. Arya, A. Malhotra","doi":"10.7439/ijbar.v9i5.4748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/ijbar.v9i5.4748","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The annual number of AIDS-related deaths globally has been decreasing due to the significant scaling up of ART over the past few years. The estimated number of people who died from HIV- related illness in 2009 was 1.8 million. To tackle AIDS, prevention is the most effective and cheapest way and possible through behavioural changes. The college going students of Delhi-NCR are thought to be more enlightened towards HIV infection and don’t shy away from indulging or experimenting in risky sexual behaviour. So, the present study was undertaken to assess the high risk behaviour among students of selected professional institutes.Material and Methods: The study was conducted among Students of selected medical, para-medical & other technical institutes in Ghaziabad (U.P.) during February 2011 to August 2011. Data were collected through self administered, well designed pre-tested and close ended study proforma. The information regarding socio-demographic variables and behavioral pattern was collected and analyzed using Epi-info statistical software.Results: All students from professional colleges maximum no. of the students were between less than 20 years age (59.16%). Among 1200 students male students were 868 (72.33%) and female students were 332(27.66%). 188(17%) students responded about presence of sexual activity which they have acquired by virtue of marriage and otherwise respectively 40.42% & 59.58% and that too with a single regular partner 41.48%.Conclusion: Among all respondents predominance of age group of 15-20 years. The most common high-risk group was having sex with multiple partners.","PeriodicalId":13848,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research","volume":"51 1","pages":"178-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91263705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self adjusting file system: A Review","authors":"Yesh Sharma, Tangutoori Trinath, Bhupindra Chouhan, R. Mathew, Eliezer Rapsang","doi":"10.7439/ijbar.v9i4.4695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/ijbar.v9i4.4695","url":null,"abstract":"To discuss new concept in endodontic world, the self-adjusting file (SAF), and compare its unique features compared with other rotary nickel-titanium file systems.As far as relatively straight and narrow root canals with a round cross-section are concernedthe goal of cleaning and shaping may be easily and reproducibly achieved with rotary files.The SAF file is hollow and to adapts to the cross-section of the root canal it is designed as a thin cylindrical nickel-titanium lattice. A single file is used throughout the procedure. A transline- (in-and-out) vibration is performed when it is inserted into a path initially prepared by a # 20 K-file and operated. The circumferential pressure allows the file’s abrasive surface to gradually remove a thin uniform hard-tissue layer from the entire root canal surface, that gives canal  a similar cross-section but of larger dimensions.","PeriodicalId":13848,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research","volume":"42 1","pages":"128-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74125587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Kidney Function Tests in Diabetes Mellitus Patients under Insulin Doses in Arar Region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. N. Khan, Mohammed M Almutrfi","doi":"10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4674","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this work was to assess the kidney function tests in Diabetes Mellitus patients under insulin doses in Arar regionIntroduction: Diabetes Mellitus (D.M) is a prevalent endocrinal disorder in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Present study is to highlight the effect of long lasting cases of controlled D.M on Kidney Functions in a local region. Diabetic renal disease in human often requires the better part of two decades to develop the signs and symptoms of advanced/clinical diabetic nephropathy with underlying extensive damage to the various segments of the nephron, thereby causing albuminuria, rising blood pressure, and a progressive decline of glomerular filtration.Materials and Methods: The serum biochemistry investigation for Glucose, Urea and Creatinine.1-Glucose: The fasting serum glucose level was obtained from the laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry using department Autoanalyser (Dimension model RXL MAX) of the Arar Central Hospital, Arar.2-Urea: Urea Kit (Randox) and a spectrophotometer were used to determine the serum urea concentration in the samples.3-Creatinine: Serum creatinine was measured by a Kit (Randox), using the compensated kinetic Jaffe assay.Results & Discussions: It is clear from the result that in almost all patients blood glucose is within normal range but their kidney function test i.e. urea and creatinine lies in high range. Measurements of Blood pressure (SBP &DBP) also found to be in normal range for all patients. So obtained results could be interpreted as: The patients are controlled diabetics under insulin therapy but with very high serum creatinine level indicating severely affected glomerular filtration rate.Conclusion: Based on this study it  could be concluded that long duration of diabetes mellitus can affect renal function through destructive effects on vascular bed of renal tissues as a part of general vascular and nervous pathological effects of diabetes mellitus. These patients are advised to go for dialysis regularly and should be under observation of well qualified Nephrologists.","PeriodicalId":13848,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"132-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74169693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of transversus abdominis plane (tap) block for intraoperative and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy under general anaesthesia- a randomised controlled study","authors":"Kaushal Kumar, G. Bhandari, K. Shahi","doi":"10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4699","url":null,"abstract":"Background: To evaluate the effect of transversus abdominis block for intra and post-operative analgesia in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy under general anaesthesia.Methods: Prospective, double-blind, randomized, clinical study on 80 patients of age 40-60 years undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy under general anaesthesia. Patients were randomly divided into 2 equal groups; Group N (n=40): TAP block with 30 ml of normal saline; Group B (n= 40): TAP block with 30 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine. All patients were given general anaesthesia followed by transversus abdominis plane block (TAP). All parameters like postoperative VAS Score, intraoperative haemodynamic changes (HR, SBP, DBP, MAP) were recorded. In the postoperative period diclofenac 1.5 mg/kg was given. If VAS ≥ 4 inj tramadol 2mg/kg i.v. was given as rescue analgesia. Total dose of diclofenac and tramadol in 24 hr post operative period was recorded.Result: The time for first analgesic request was increased in Group B 134.67±16.23 min  as compared to Group N 42.85±18.13 min  (P value  <0.05). Maximum VAS score up to 24 hrs postoperative was lower in the Group B (2.77 ± 9.73) as compared to group N (5.6±1.42) (P value <0.05). The rescue analgesic consumption within 24 hours post operatively was lower in Group B (105.75±71.24 mg) compared to Group N (218±40.01 mg) (P value <0.05).Conclusion: TAP block provide significant postoperative analgesia in first 24 hour and excellent hemodynamic stability being a safe modality for intra and post operative analgesia for total abdominal hysterectomy.","PeriodicalId":13848,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research","volume":"43 1","pages":"142-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90786055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative study between Nalbuphine and Dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to Ropivacaine for Caudal Block in children undergoing infra umbilical surgeries","authors":"S. Murthy, G. Bhandari, K. Shahi, G. Chand","doi":"10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4742","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aims: The quality of caudal blocks can be improved by adding adjuvants to the local anaesthetic. Adjuvants prolong analgesia and decrease the adverse effects encountered with single high dose local anaesthetic. The objective of this study was to compare caudal nalbuphine and dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine to provide postoperative analgesia in children undergoing infra-umbilical surgeries.Material and Methods: This was a randomised, prospective double blinded study. A total of 60 children aged 1-12 years were randomly allocated into 2 groups: Group A received caudal block with 0.2% ropivacaine 1ml/kg with 0.2mg/kg nalbuphine and Group B received caudal block with 0.2% ropivacaine 1ml/kg with dexmedetomidine 2 µg/kg. Duration of analgesia, haemodynamic changes and adverse effects were compared. Percentage analysis and independent sample t-test were used. Chi square analysis was used for categorical variables. Results: Group A recorded duration of analgesia of 5.8± 0.88 hours, compared to 9.1 ±0.89 hours in group B and this was statistically significant.  All 30 patients in group B had lower pain scores at 4th, 5th and 9th hours.Conclusion: caudal ropivacaine 0.2% (1ml/kg) with dexmedetomidine 2 µg/kg resulted in prolongation of duration of analgesia and better quality of analgesia compared with ropivacaine 0.2% (1ml/kg) with nalbuphine 0.2mg/kg without any significant difference in the haemodynamic parameters.","PeriodicalId":13848,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research","volume":"8 1","pages":"157-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76273274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circulating magnesium & Acute phage inflammatory reactant in North Indian adult population","authors":"G. Shamnani, V. Gupta, Charushilla Rukadikar, Shraddha Singh, S. Tiwari, S. Bhartiy","doi":"10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4762","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The increase of several serum proteins named acute phase reactants is a feature of the tissue response to inflammation . C-reactive protein (CRP) is one of the most sensitive acute-phase reactants in humans. Magnesium is found to be associated with these inflammatory reactants in previous studies. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum magnesium levels and C- reactive protein in apparently healthy adults. Methods and material: This is a population based cross-sectional study. Total 130 adults of age between 25-65 years, were recruited with prior ethical approval and with written informed consent. Result: Mean value of serum magnesium was found to be 2.01mg/dl (±0.29) with range between 1.4mg/dl to 2.9mg/dl. Not a single case of severe hypomagnesemia (< 1.2 mg/dl) was found. Serum magnesium was found to have no significant correlation with C-reactive protein (r = -0.12, p=0.23). Conclusion: Authors report no significant co-relation between serum magnesium and CRP. Further larger studies are required to be done.","PeriodicalId":13848,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research","volume":"105 1","pages":"171-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74494850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrospinal fluid Transaminases as discriminatory marker in meningitis","authors":"Kavindra Borgaonkar, R. Patil, Swati Sawant Talekar","doi":"10.7439/ijbar.v9i4.4741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/ijbar.v9i4.4741","url":null,"abstract":"Back ground: Bacterial meningitis (BM) is a life-threatening disease with high mortality rates and bad neurologic sequelae; however, it is a potentially treatable disease, whereas aseptic (viral) meningitis (AM) mostly subsides spontaneously. Therefore, BM represents a medical emergency. Objective: To study cerebrospinal fluid Transaminases and other marker in meningitis. Material and Methods: The present study was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry at Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad during the period June 1999 to June 2001 on 40 patients of meningitis and 20 controls from pediatric age group. CSF and blood samples from patients suffering from pyogenic meningitis (32) (Group II), tuberculous meningitis (Group III) (8) and control subjects (Group I) (20) were examined. Statistical analysis was done by One way ANOVA non-parametric test with Tukey-test to compare all the group was used and calculated by SPSS 19 version of the software. Result: In our study we have seen that CSF sugar was Significantly lower in the Pyogenic Meningitis Group (II) as compared to Controls (I) and Tuberculous meningitis (III) group (p<0.05) and also CSF/Blood Sugar Ratio was significantly lower Pyogenic (II) and Tuberculous (III) Meningitis group as compared to Control (I) (p<0.05). CSF Proteins were significantly higher in Pyogenic (II) and Tuberculous Meningitis group (III) as compared to controls (p<0.05). CSF GPT was significantly higher in Pyogenic (II) and Tubercoulas (III) meningitis as compared to control (I). Conclusion: CSF GOT was significantly increased in pyogenic meningitis as compared to tuberculous meningitis. Thus we have concluded that CSF GOT, GPT help the clinician for diagnosing meningitis in addition to the routine investigations. Further CSF GOT may help in the differentiation between pyogenic and tuberculous meningitis.","PeriodicalId":13848,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research","volume":"1 1","pages":"152-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83085407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative study of early postpartum IUCD insertion to interval IUCD insertion at Tertiary Care Centre","authors":"Roopal, V. Bisht","doi":"10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4758","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A Comparative study of early postpartum IUCD insertion to interval IUCD insertion at Tertiary Care Centre.Methods: This prospective study was conducted among 100 women at tertiary care centre, Haldwani, Nainital. Patients were divided in to two groups. Group A (n=50)-post placental insertion within 10 minutes of delivery of placenta. Group B (n=50)-Interval insertion after 6 weeks of delivery. Both groups were compared in terms of pain abdomen, bleeding, missing thread, expulsion, infection, UTI, perforation, pregnancy immediately after insertion, after 6 weeks and after 6 months.Result: At the time of insertion there was more difficulty in insertion and cramps in interval group than post placental group (14% vs 4% and 24% vs 12%). At the end of 6 months lower abdominal pain and excessive bleeding less in post placental than interval period (5.12% vs 11.90% and 5.12% vs 14.28%). There was no case of perforation or pregnancy in both the groups. There were less cases of missing thread ,vaginal discharge, UTI and removal rate in post placental group as compare to interval group(2.56% vs 9.52%,7.69% vs 14.28% , 5.12% vs 9.52% and 5.12% vs 11.90%). Expulsion rate was more in post placental group (2.56% vs 0%). At the end of 6 month continuation rate was more in post placental group than interval group (92.30% vs 88.09%)Conclusion: Post placental IUCD is thus found to be more effective, safe and better mean of contraception when compared with Interval period.","PeriodicalId":13848,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research","volume":"28 1","pages":"162-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87999108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Sea Salt Based Oral Rinse on Streptococcus Mutans Level and Oral Ecology in Gingivitis Subjects with High Caries Susceptibility: A Randomized Clinical Study","authors":"Amit Mani, S. Mani, R. Saini","doi":"10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4730","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The etiologic role of a pathogenic dental plaque biofilm in the development of gingivitis and dental caries is well documented. This study evaluates the rationale for incorporating sea salt based mouth rinse into a daily oral hygiene regimen along with mechanical plaque control methods on gingival inflammation and caries susceptibility level in mild to moderate gingivitis patients. Methods: A prospective, double-blinded, randomized parallel-group controlled study involving 40subjects was conducted to assess efficacy and safety. Subjects were randomized to receive either the study rinse (H2Ocean)or a water-only preparation. The oral hygiene index (OHI) and S. Mutans Level were measured at baseline and at the end of the study period. Results: Sea salt mouth rinse was significantly better than the control, with respect to both the change in OHI score by 28.89% and S. mutans level by 35%.  No adverse effects were noted in any of the study groups. Conclusion: Sea Salt mouth rinse is a safe and effective treatment for preventing the development of gingival inflammation and S. mutans level in mild to moderate gingivitis population. Further research is needed to evaluate its long-term effects.","PeriodicalId":13848,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research","volume":"22 1","pages":"167-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85713296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mucinous Cystadenocarcinoma with Brenner’s tumour Of the Ovary in a 70- Year – Old postmenopausal female - A case report","authors":"G. Sharma, Thatai Akanksha Anil, B. Nag, M. Yadav","doi":"10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7439/IJBAR.V9I4.4713","url":null,"abstract":"Surface epithelial tumours are the most commonly encountered neoplasms of the ovary. Among these, Mucinous tumours accounts for 14% of ovarian tumours. Coexistence of mucinous tumour with another surface epithelial tumour is rare. We report here a rare case of mucinous cystadenocarcinoma with Brenner’s component in a 70-year-old post-menopausal female. She presented with chief complaints of Constipation and abdominal distention since 4 months. The symptoms were gradually progressive in nature. Co-occurrence of these two tumours favours the theory of common origin of surface epithelial tumours from coelomic or germinal epithelium, and hence, it undergoes metaplastic changes to transitional or urothelial- likes morphology.","PeriodicalId":13848,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomedical and Advance Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"175-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74217058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}