International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents最新文献

{"title":"The Pitfalls of HIV-1 DNA Resistance Genotyping: What it can and cannot tell us.","authors":"Gilbert Mchantaf, Laurence Morand-Joubert, Antoine Cheret, Laurent Hocqueloux, Véronique Avettand-Fenoel","doi":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.108026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.108026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","volume":" ","pages":"108026"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149109185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled trial evaluating a novel individualized treatment strategy for carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections.","authors":"Jocelyn Qi-Min Teo, Zhi Wei Ong, Ying Ying Ong, Kai Chee Hung, Winnie Lee, Shimin Jasmine Chung, Yen Ee Tan, David Chien Boon Lye, Jabed Iqbal, Tze Peng Lim, Andrea Lay-Hoon Kwa","doi":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.108011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.108011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We assessed the impact of in vitro antibiotic combination testing (iACT)-guided therapy compared to standard therapy on carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this two-centre, open-label randomized trial, patients were randomized 1:1 to iACT-guided or standard therapy. The primary endpoint was 30-day all-cause mortality in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Exploratory analyses compared patients who received iACT-matched therapy with those who did not, irrespective of randomized assignment.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>102 patients were randomized and 98 included in the ITT analysis (49 per arm). The study was discontinued early due to substantial crossover: 31 (63%) patients assigned to the control arm switched to iACT-guided therapy at physician request due to anticipated intolerance to standard therapy. The 30-day mortality was 33% in both groups (difference 0%; 95% CI -18 to 18). Drug-related adverse events were 37% (iACT arm) versus 27% (control arm). Exploratory analysis showed that receipt of iACT-matched therapy (n=91) was associated with a larger absolute risk difference for 30-day all-cause mortality (difference -42%; 95% CI, -64 to -5) compared to the non-matched arm (n=7) but should be interpreted with caution due to the imbalanced groups and other confounding risks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Accrual in this trial was poor due to physicians' preference to adopt iACT-guided therapy. Randomized comparisons showed no mortality benefit, which was affected by significant treatment crossover. While exploratory analysis suggests potential utility of iACT-guided therapy for CRGNB infections, the findings is at most hypothesis-generating and needs to be validated with further investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","volume":" ","pages":"108011"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148989378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Tissue Pharmacokinetics of Antifungal Drugs: A Review\".","authors":"Dr Sagar Nanasaheb Kharde, Dr Prasad Laxman Gorde, Dr Sandip Gangadhar Laware","doi":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107998","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","volume":" ","pages":"107998"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148897338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on broad-spectrum empirical antibiotic overuse in community-onset bacteremia: prevalence, outcomes, and associated factors.","authors":"Jiandi Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107984","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","volume":" ","pages":"107984"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148840144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title Page & Editorial Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0924-8579(26)00142-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-8579(26)00142-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","volume":"67 6","pages":"Article 107853"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148184619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title Page & Editorial Board","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0924-8579(26)00108-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0924-8579(26)00108-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","volume":"67 5","pages":"Article 107819"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147849764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Phage therapy for KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae decolonization in high-risk patients: The KIDNAP Study Protocol - A prospective feasibility and proof of concept study in the Brazilian context” [International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents Volume 67(2026)107673]","authors":"Iris Najjar ,&nbsp;Larissa Simão Gandolpho ,&nbsp;Jôiciglecia Pereira dos Santos ,&nbsp;Camila de Paula Siqueira ,&nbsp;Moses B. Ikechukwu ,&nbsp;Ághata Cardoso da Silva Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Mélanie Roch ,&nbsp;Roberto Sierra ,&nbsp;Diego O. Andrey ,&nbsp;Celso Arrais-Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Ana C. Gales","doi":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107766","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107766","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","volume":"67 5","pages":"Article 107766"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147616067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence and machine learning in antimicrobial discovery, resistance prediction, and precision therapy","authors":"Reema Singh ,&nbsp;Yu-Wei Lin ,&nbsp;Jinxin Zhao ,&nbsp;Jian Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107715","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107715","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The global crisis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) demands a paradigm shift in traditional drug discovery, and artificial intelligence (AI) is uniquely positioned to lead this transformation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We highlight how AI and machine learning (ML) can accelerate the discovery of novel antimicrobials by enabling de novo drug design, virtual screening, identification of new drug targets, and elucidation of antimicrobial mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>AI/ML is revolutionizing resistance prediction by integrating diverse genomic and phenotypic data for rapid diagnostics, real-time surveillance, and personalized antimicrobial therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Despite data limitations and the ‘black-box’ challenge of model interpretability, the potential of AI to combat AMR hinges on sustained investment, data-sharing, and unprecedented interdisciplinary collaboration worldwide. The strategic deployment of AI and ML is thus a crucial element in the battle plan for the war against drug-resistant pathogens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","volume":"67 3","pages":"Article 107715"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145951764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amodiaquine hydrochloride facilitates mycobacterial clearance via triggering autophagy in macrophages","authors":"Hongxuan Yan ,&nbsp;Jinfeng Yuan ,&nbsp;Shujuan Duan ,&nbsp;Fuzhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Zichun Ma ,&nbsp;Weicong Ren ,&nbsp;Shanshan Li ,&nbsp;Yu Pang ,&nbsp;Mengqiu Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107720","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107720","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The rising prevalence of drug resistance has emerged as a major obstacle to global tuberculosis (TB) control, necessitating the development of novel host-directed strategies. This study aimed to identify compounds that enhance intracellular clearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) through autophagy induction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cell-based screening of a G-protein-coupled receptor-related compound library was performed to identify potential autophagy inducers. Mechanistic studies were conducted in Mtb-infected macrophages to examine the effects on PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling and ULK1 activation. In vivo efficacy was evaluated in a BALB/c mouse model of TB.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Amodiaquine hydrochloride (CAS), a conventional antimalarial drug, was identified as a potent inducer of autophagic killing of intracellular Mtb. CAS reduced phosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, and mTOR in infected macrophages, promoting ULK1 activation and autophagy. In vivo, CAS treatment significantly decreased bacterial loads in the lungs of BALB/c mice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CAS represents a novel host-directed therapeutic agent that enhances intracellular clearance of Mtb by triggering autophagy in macrophages, offering a potential strategy to combat drug-resistant TB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","volume":"67 3","pages":"Article 107720"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146029540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in patients with post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis","authors":"Wan-Yu Chu ,&nbsp;Om Prakash Singh ,&nbsp;Shyam Sundar ,&nbsp;Krishna Pandey ,&nbsp;Pradeep Das ,&nbsp;Dinesh Mondal ,&nbsp;Brima Musa Younis ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mudawi Musa ,&nbsp;Abhishek Kumar Singh ,&nbsp;Deepak Kumar Verma ,&nbsp;Rahul Chaubey ,&nbsp;Poonam Kumari ,&nbsp;Jaya Chakravarty ,&nbsp;Major Madhukar ,&nbsp;Roshan Kamal Topno ,&nbsp;Ashish Kumar ,&nbsp;Vinod Kumar ,&nbsp;Md. Utba Rashid ,&nbsp;Shomik Maruf ,&nbsp;Prakash Ghosh ,&nbsp;Thomas P. C Dorlo","doi":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2026.107713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Treatment regimens and clinical outcomes for post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) vary across South Asia and Eastern Africa. We evaluated the skin target site pharmacokinetics (PK) of miltefosine, liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) and paromomycin and associated pharmacodynamics (PD) on skin parasite reduction and lesion healing, to determine PK/PD factors driving regional differences in clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In South Asia, participants (<em>n</em> = 126) received LAmB alone or with miltefosine. In Eastern Africa, participants (<em>n</em> = 110) received LAmB or paromomycin with miltefosine. Skin drug concentrations were compared to the in vitro EC₅₀ of <em>Leishmania donovani</em> to assess PK target attainment, then correlated with skin parasite load and lesion score to evaluate pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Antileishmanial drug distribution varied in skin. Miltefosine showed the highest skin-to-plasma ratio, with medians of 1.19 (IQR: 0.78–1.88) in South Asia vs. 1.58 (1.1–2.08) in Eastern Africa (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Combining paromomycin or LAmB with miltefosine improved PK target attainment and reduced variability. In South Asia, macular or mixed (macular and papular/nodular) lesions predominated (93%) and were associated with ≥6-fold higher baseline parasite load and lesion score versus Eastern Africa, where papular and maculopapular lesions were more common (97%). By treatment end, parasite loads dropped ≥99% in both regions, with ≤7% above the transmission threshold. Lesion scores decreased by 11% in South Asia and 93% in Eastern Africa.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Similar skin PK target attainment and relative parasite reduction were achieved for all regimens. Regional differences in parasite load and lesion score at baseline and lesion healing rates, suggest disease presentation is the primary factor affecting clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13818,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","volume":"67 3","pages":"Article 107713"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145948729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}