International Journal of Biomaterials最新文献

{"title":"Optimization, Characterization, and Anticancer Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Biosynthesized Using <i>Olea europaea</i>.","authors":"Afnan I Felimban,&nbsp;Njud S Alharbi,&nbsp;Nehad S Alsubhi","doi":"10.1155/2022/6859637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6859637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Green synthesis has attracted significant attention as an eco-friendly, low-cost, energy-efficient, and non-toxic method for preparing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) for cancer therapy. This study optimized the green synthesis of AgNPs using <i>Olea europaea</i> extracts and evaluated their anticancer potential. The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized using various methods, showing stable AgNPs with a desirable morphology and high yield, improving the properties of AgNPs for various medicinal applications. The biosynthesized AgNPs were predominantly spherical, with small sizes ranging from 13 to 21 nm and highly stable at -23 and -24 mV. The findings of this study suggest that green-synthesized AgNPs using <i>Olea europaea</i> and sunlight possess significant anticancer activity against cancer cells <i>in vitro</i>. Further investigation of green synthesis would help to form high-quality AgNPs that have promising potential in treating disease and fighting undesirable pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":13704,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomaterials","volume":" ","pages":"6859637"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9529486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33490120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological Evaluation of the Effect of Local Application of <i>Punica granatum</i> Seed Oil on Bone Healing.","authors":"Ibrahim Fouad Mohamed,&nbsp;Ban A Ghani,&nbsp;Abdalbseet A Fatalla","doi":"10.1155/2022/4266589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4266589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bone healing is a complex and dynamic process that represents a well-orchestrated series of biological events of cellular recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation. The use of medicinal plants in bone healing has attracted increasing interest because of their lower side effects. <i>Punica granatum</i> seed oil (PSO) contains high levels of phenolic compounds, promotes osteoblast function, and plays an important role in bone remodeling. A gelatin sponge (Spongostan) is a hemostatic agent that is extensively applied as scaffolds in engineering and as drug carriers in the medical field. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of PSO for bone healing enhancement. Twenty adult male New Zealand rabbits, weighing an average of 1.5-2 kg, were used in this study. Three intrabony holes were created in the tibiae of each animal, which were filled with a gelatin sponge (GS group) and combined gelatin sponge and PSO (GS/PSO group). Holes without material application were designated as the control group (C group). The animals were sacrificed at the healing duration (2-4 weeks) to prepare bone specimens for histological and histomorphometric analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histological findings indicated that the bone defects in the GS/PSO group showed more bone formation, mineralization, and maturation compared with the C and GS groups. Multiple group differences for bone cells showed a highly significant difference among all groups in the 2- and 4-week healing periods except for the C/GS and GS/GS/PSO groups at 4-weeks duration. Furthermore, highly significant results were obtained between both durations regarding the trabecular area, trabecular number, and bone marrow area.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed that the combined application of GS and PSO was more effective in enhancing bone regeneration and accelerating bone healing compared with the other groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":13704,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomaterials","volume":" ","pages":"4266589"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9526640/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33486549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis of Carbon-Encapsulated Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanocomposites for Bioapplication.","authors":"Wubshet Mekonnen Girma","doi":"10.1155/2022/3302082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/3302082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon-encapsulated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (NPs) were successfully synthesized from a single precursor using one-step solvothermal methods. X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the as-prepared NPs, and UV-visible absorbance spectroscopy was used to check their optical properties. The morphological results revealed that Fe₃O₄@C, quasi-spherical Fe₃O₄ particles encapsulated by carbon. In addition, the carbon-encapsulated Fe₃O₄ NPs were conjugated with folic acid (FA) to be used as biomarkers in the diagnosis and treatment of tumour cells. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopic techniques were used to confirm the conjugation process.</p>","PeriodicalId":13704,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomaterials","volume":" ","pages":"3302082"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9514942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40383785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles from <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Leaves and Its Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Activities.","authors":"Gufran Mahmood Mohammed,&nbsp;Sumaiya Naeema Hawar","doi":"10.1155/2022/4136641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/4136641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The plant occupied the largest area in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, especially the medicinal plants, and it has shown great potential in biotechnology applications. In this study, green synthesis of silver nanoparticles from <i>Moringa oleifera</i> leaves extract and its antifungal and antitumor activities were investigated. The formation of silver nanoparticles was observed after 1 hour of preparation color changing. The ultraviolet and visible spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy techniques were used to characterize synthesis particles. Ultraviolet and visible spectroscopy showed a silver surface plasmon resonance band at 434 nm. Fourier transform infrared analysis shows the possible interactions between silver and bioactive molecules in <i>Moringa oleifera</i> leaves extracts, which may be responsible for the synthesis and stabilization of silver nanoparticles. X-ray diffraction showed that the particles were a semicubic crystal structure and with a size of 38.495 nm. Scanning electron microscopy imaging shows that the atoms are spherical in shape and the average size is 17 nm. The transmission electron microscopy image demonstrated that AgNPs were spherical and semispherical particles with an average of (50-60) nm. The nanoparticles also showed potent antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria and fungi using the well diffusion method. <i>Candida glabrata</i> found that the concentration of 1000 <i>μ</i>g/mL exhibited the highest inhibition. As for bacteria, the concentration of 1000 <i>μ</i>g/mL appeared to be the inhibition against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. <i>Moringa oleifera</i> AgNPs inhibited human melanoma cells A375 line significant concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects. The powerful bioactivity of the green synthesized silver nanoparticles from medical plants recommends their biomedical use as antimicrobial as well as cytotoxic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":13704,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomaterials","volume":" ","pages":"4136641"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9526645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33486548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of Length of Hospital Stay of COVID-19 Patients Using Gradient Boosting Decision Tree.","authors":"GholamReza Askari,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Rouhani,&nbsp;Mohammad Sattari","doi":"10.1155/2022/6474883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6474883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this paper is to predict the patient hospitalization time with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It uses various data mining techniques, such as random forest. Many rules were derived by applying these techniques to the dataset. The extracted rules mainly were related to people over 55 years old. The rule with the most support states that if the person is between 70 and 80 years old, has cardiovascular disease, and the gender is female; then, the person will be hospitalized for at least five days. The gradient boosting random forest technique has performed better than other techniques. As a limitation of the study, it can be pointed out that a few features were unavailable and had not been recorded. Patients with diabetes, chronic respiratory problems, and cardiovascular diseases have a relatively long hospitalization. So, the hospital manager should consider a suitable priority for these patients. Older people were also more likely to take part in the selection rules.</p>","PeriodicalId":13704,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomaterials","volume":" ","pages":"6474883"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9507755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33485102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilization of <i>Biang</i> Fish Flour (<i>Ilisha elongata</i>) as an Enrichment Material for Sago Noodles Nutrient Value.","authors":"Suparmi Suparmi,&nbsp;Sumarto Sumarto,&nbsp;Umi Afriana,&nbsp;Taufik Hidayat","doi":"10.1155/2022/8746296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8746296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aims to determine the appropriate concentration of lead fish meal for enriching the nutritional value of sago noodles favored by consumers. The method used is an experimental design using Completely Randomized (CRD) with 4 concentration levels of lead fish meal, namely, 4% without a lead fish meal (M0), 6% (M1), 8% (M2), and 10% (M3). The analysis of sago noodles was performed and proximate by the AOAC method; amino acids by HPLC; fatty acids by GC; and minerals by HPLC. The results of the showed that the study getting the best treatment was a concentration of 8% (M2) with the characteristics of whole sago noodles' appearance: attractive, grayish-white color; a distinctive aroma of sago noodles with a hint of fish; a specific taste typical of sago noodles and fish prickly taste; delicious; slightly chewy texture. Sensory evaluation with a taste value of 8.9, an aroma of 8.6, a visual value of 8.9, and a texture value of 8.8. Its nutritional content is 5.58% protein content, air 22.35%, ash 1.69%, fat 1.41%, and carbohydrates 68.29%. The proximate values are protein 5.58%, water content 22.35%, ash 1.69%, fat content 1.41%, and carbohydrates (different) 68.29%. The mineral content is Ca.P.I, Mg, Zn, and Fe. Amino acids consist of 8 types of essential amino acids, namely, histidine, arginine, threonine, valine, alanine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, and 7 types of nonessential amino acids, namely, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, serine, glycine, tyrosine. Its fatty acid profile has 13 components of unsaturated fatty acids and 17 components of saturated fatty acids.</p>","PeriodicalId":13704,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomaterials","volume":" ","pages":"8746296"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9482532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40368651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoclay Reinforced Ternary Blends Based on Biodegradable Polymers for Drug Delivery Application.","authors":"Mohsin Ali,&nbsp;Sadullah Mir,&nbsp;Obaid-Ur-Rahman Abid,&nbsp;Mirza Arfan Yawer,&nbsp;Ihsan Ullah","doi":"10.1155/2022/6585305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6585305","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, ternary blends based on chitosan, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyethylene glycol reinforced with organically modified montmorillonite (nanoclay) clay were synthesized. These ternary blends were evaluated as transdermal drug delivery patches using tramadol as a model drug. The FTIR study showed interaction among important functional groups and compatibility among the mixing components. Among drug-loaded formulations, composite MA12 shows maximum thermal stability with 27.9% weight residue at 540°C. The prepared formulations exhibited crystalline nature as observed by XRD analysis. SEM studies revealed that there are no gaps and cracks in prepared films and nanoclay was found dispersed in the formulations. The swelling ratio was higher in pH 1.2 as compared to pH 4.5 and pH 6.8 buffers, and there was an increase in swelling with an increase in PVA concentration. Moreover, the drug release test performed in phosphate buffer pH 6.8 showed that tramadol release from nanocomposite films increases with an increase in PEG concentration. Permeation studies indicated that the rate of permeation increased with a decrease in PVA concentration. The permeation rate was found to be higher for samples without nanoclay. The overall results suggest nanocomposite films as excellent candidates for transdermal drug delivery application.</p>","PeriodicalId":13704,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomaterials","volume":" ","pages":"6585305"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9473880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40365464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of Microcrystalline Cellulose and Silica from Agriculture Waste and Its Application in Synthesis of Wheat Gluten and Fish Scales Derived Bioplastic.","authors":"S Samraj,&nbsp;K Senthilkumar,&nbsp;P Induja,&nbsp;M Venkata Ratnam,&nbsp;G V Aatral,&nbsp;G V S Ramakrishna","doi":"10.1155/2022/2297364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/2297364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plastics play a significant part in human life and the world we live in. The use of plastics results in detrimental effects on the natural world, which compels us to look for viable replacements. As a result of their enhanced capacity to biodegrade, bioplastics are becoming increasingly important materials. In recent years, there has been a rapid ascent in the utilization of biopolymers in various applications. The objective of this research is to investigate the impact that silica obtained from rice hull ash (RHA) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) obtained from groundnut husk have on the properties of bioplastic obtained from wheat gluten and fish scales. The usage of fish scales has been shown to have a positive effect on weight reduction and debasement rates. Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) is utilized in a wide range of concentrations, and the influence of MCC on bioplastic is researched. The biodegradability tests of bioplastic revealed that the plastic lost 35% of its weight in just 14 days. The experiments that were done to evaluate the chemical stability and tensile strength of the bioplastic indicated that the MCC content has a significant effect in improving the characteristics of the material.</p>","PeriodicalId":13704,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomaterials","volume":" ","pages":"2297364"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9433290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40347247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Eggshells as Bone Grafts around Commercially Pure Titanium Implant Screws Coated with Nano Calcium Sulfate.","authors":"Dher Riyadh Kadhim,&nbsp;Thekra Ismael Hamad,&nbsp;Abdalbseet A Fatalla","doi":"10.1155/2022/8722283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/8722283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Implant insertion in regions with poor bone quantity, such as the posterior maxilla, is potentially associated with an increased rate of implant failure. Calcium sulfate can be used as the coating material for commercially pure titanium (CpTi) and as the bone graft material around implants when bound to eggshell powder to enhance the bone quality and quantity of bone defect regions. This study performed a torque removal test to evaluate the effectiveness of eggshell powder as a bone substitute for filling bone defects around CpTi-coated implants coated with nanocrystalline calcium sulfate.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Eighty screw implant designs were used in the tibiae of 20 white New Zealand rabbits. A total of uncoated 20 screws constituted the control group, and the remaining 60 screws coated with nano calcium sulfate nanoparticles were used as the experimental groups as follows: 20 screws coated with nano calcium sulfate were used alone in the tibiae without gaps around them, 20 screws coated with nano calcium sulfate were used with the gaps made around them and filled with eggshell powder as the bone graft material, and 20 screws coated with nano calcium sulfate were used with the gaps made around them left unfilled.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 2 to 6 weeks of healing, a significant improvement in bone regeneration and an increase in torque removal values were observed when the bone defect around the CpTi implant coated with nano calcium sulfate was filled with eggshell powder as the bone substitute.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nano calcium sulfate particles applied through the dip-coating method can successfully work as the coating material of CpTi implants. These particles work in synergy with eggshell powder to act as the bone graft around the implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":13704,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomaterials","volume":" ","pages":"8722283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9385332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40628253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Layer-by-Layer Fabrication of PAH/PAMAM/Nano-CaCO₃ Composite Films and Characterization for Enhanced Biocompatibility.","authors":"Naemi Tonateni Shifeta,&nbsp;Shindume Lomboleni Hamukwaya,&nbsp;Qi An,&nbsp;Huiying Hao,&nbsp;Melvin Mununuri Mashingaidze","doi":"10.1155/2022/6331465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/6331465","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nanoparticle production and functionalization for various biomedical uses are still challenging. Polymer composites constituted of poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM), polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH), and calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) nanoparticles have good biocompatibility with physiological tissue and fluids, making them excellent candidates for biomedical applications. This study investigated the characteristics of polymeric/nano-CaCO₃ composite films based on a PAH/PAMAM matrix, which were fabricated through layer-by-layer synthesis on quartz glass substrates. It was found that the as-prepared elastic moduli of the resultant (PAH/PAMAM) _<i>n</i> -CaCO₃ (where <i>n</i> represents the number of bilayers) composite films varied from 1.40 to 23.70 GPa for different degrees of cross-linking when 0.1 M nano-CaCO₃ particles were incorporated into the polymer matrix. The highly cross-linked (PAH/PAMAM)₁₅-CaCO₃ composite film had the highest recorded elastic modulus of 23.70 GPa, while it was observed that for all the composite films fabricated for the present study, the addition of the nano-CaCO₃ particles approximately doubled the elastic modulus regardless of the degree of polymerization. Live/Dead assays were used to determine whether the produced composite films were compatible with human lung fibroblast cells. The findings indicate that the (PAH/PAMAM)_7.5-CaCO₃ composite film had the most positive effect on cell growth and proliferation, with the (PAH/PAMAM)₁₅-CaCO₃ composite film demonstrating significant ion transport behavior with low impedance, which was considered good for in vivo rapid cell-to-cell communication. Therefore, the (PAH/PAMAM)_7.5-CaCO₃ and (PAH/PAMAM)₁₅-CaCO₃ composite films are potential tissue engineering biomaterials, but further studies are essential to generate more data to evaluate the suitability of these composites for this and other biomedical functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13704,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Biomaterials","volume":" ","pages":"6331465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9467823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40358001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}