Keshuo Zhang, Jiancheng Mo, Zengwen Liu, Weizhao Yin, Fan Wu, Jing You
{"title":"Life cycle environmental and economic impacts of various energy storage systems: eco-efficiency analysis and potential for sustainable deployments.","authors":"Keshuo Zhang, Jiancheng Mo, Zengwen Liu, Weizhao Yin, Fan Wu, Jing You","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The deployment of energy storage systems (ESS) plays a pivotal role in accelerating the global transition to renewable energy sources. Comprehending the life cycle environmental and economic impacts, as well as the necessary conditions and scenarios required for ESS deployment, is critical in guiding decision-making and supporting sustainable operations. In this study, we first analyzed the life cycle environmental impacts of pumped hydro energy storage (PHES), lithium-ion batteries (LIB), and compressed air energy storage (CAES). We then focused on elucidating the potential for carbon neutrality in existing PHES systems compared to LIBs in China by integrating various reduction measures to achieve net-zero emissions scenarios. Ultimately, we combined environmental and economic impacts to demonstrate the eco-efficiency of both ESS, supporting their sustainable deployment. Regarding environmental impacts, LIB is currently the most environmentally favorable ESS, followed by PHES. Various decarbonization measures revealed that transitioning to renewable energy sources is the most effective strategy for carbon reduction, with projected reductions ranging between 75 and 112% in both PHES and LIB systems. When implementing all carbon reduction strategies simultaneously, LIB is expected to achieve carbon neutrality by 2030, whereas PHES is projected to reach this milestone by 2040. With anticipated energy mix optimizations, carbon emissions are expected to further decrease to 22.2 kg CO2/MWh for PHES and 48.7 kg CO2/MWh for LIB by 2050. Economic analysis indicates that the life cycle cost per MWh for PHES is $66.5, approximately half that of LIB. Meanwhile, the payback period of PHES is 21 years, while that of LIB is 28 years to reach the break-even point. This disparity clearly underscores the superior economic benefits of PHES. The eco-efficiency of PHES is anticipated to surpass that of LIBs by 2028, rendering PHES a more favorable option in appropriate regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction to: Determining the effects of freshwater inflow on benthic macrofauna in the Caloosahatchee Estuary, Florida.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Carrying Capacity in Human-Occupied Environment Interactions: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Paige DuPuy, Stephanie Galaitsi, Igor Linkov","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of carrying capacity has been applied broadly to various biological and social contexts. This paper presents a systematic review of the carrying capacity literature as applied to human-occupied environments. The review evaluates underlying approaches and methods and explores the utility and limitations of the concept's applications. Prominent tools and approaches identified include evaluation index systems, ecological footprint analysis, the Cifuentes method, multi-objective optimization, system dynamics, fuzzy mathematics, and remote sensing and GIS. Our findings indicate that, despite its origins, carrying capacity research is rarely concerned with the survival of human communities; instead, it is often invoked to understand the implications of human population growth and urbanization on living and sufficiency standards. The majority of identified carrying capacity studies did not define a strict upper boundary, demonstrating the utility of carrying capacity as a rhetorical strategy to galvanize action before system degradation eliminates options. The concept of carrying capacity, when applied to human-managed and constructed environments, increasingly reflects socio-economic factors and quality of life considerations, underscoring subjective social constraints and societal tolerance levels rather than physical limitations on population survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fábio Casallanovo, Flávio Tincani, Gustavo S Santos, Matheus Severino, Ana Paola Cione, Daniela M Simone, Dirk F Young, Rômulo P Scorza Júnior, Wenlin Chen
{"title":"PWC tool to estimate pesticide soil concentrations for risk assessment of non-target soil organisms.","authors":"Fábio Casallanovo, Flávio Tincani, Gustavo S Santos, Matheus Severino, Ana Paola Cione, Daniela M Simone, Dirk F Young, Rômulo P Scorza Júnior, Wenlin Chen","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Brazil, as of 2024, regulatory authorities are discussing establishing new guidelines for environmental risk assessment (ERA) of Plant Protection Products (PPPs) for non-target soil organisms. A critical aspect of this process is exposure estimates of non-target soil organisms to PPPs. The present work investigates the potential application of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Pesticide in Water Calculator (PWC) modeling platform to estimate the Predicted Environmental Concentration in the soil (PECSOIL) as an option for exposure assessments. The objective of this exercise is to investigate the practicability and adaptability of PWC within the framework of a tiered risk assessment approach in Brazil. The PWC PECSOIL values were compared with two soil residue kinetics models: the United Kingdom Health and Safety Executive PECSOIL Calculator and ESCAPE. As a validation step, PWC PECSOIL estimates were compared with measured soil residue data from two Brazilian locations. The impact of location-specific local data-soil physical-chemical properties, meteorological data, application methods, and crop parameters-on PECSOIL is also discussed, especially parameters which are inherent to PWC but absent in other soil kinetics calculators. Based on this work, we found the PWC model useful for soil exposure determination, especially when it becomes necessary to refine the exposure estimates using locally relevant conditions to bring more realism to the evaluation process.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wetland ecosystem services and their spatial scales of benefit in an urban environment: A case study of varanasi, India.","authors":"Prashant Kushwaha, Srabani Sanyal, Shivam Verma","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wetlands are valuable terrestrial ecosystems because they perform diverse ecosystem functions and provide significant benefits to humanity. These benefits, collectively termed ecosystem services, are essential for human survival, particularly in densely populated urban areas. However, wetlands often face neglect due to a lack of awareness among citizens and governments regarding their significance. We assessed the ecosystem services offered by the wetlands of Varanasi, one of the oldest living cities, and elucidate the spatial scales wherein these services are delivered. Field visits, personal observations, and interviews based on the Rapid Assessment of Wetland Ecosystem Services (RAWES) approach, were used to evaluate 27 ecosystem services across 12 wetlands. The ecosystem services of water regulation and local climate regulation had high positive count value inferring highly beneficial contributions to human well-being, whereas pest regulation and regulation of human disease, had negative count value indicating an adverse impact on human well-being, primarily due to the polluted state of the city's wetlands. Supporting services with an Ecosystem Services Index (ESI) of 0.55 made a substantial positive impact on human well-being, while provisioning services made minimal contributions (ESI = 0.12). The analysis of the spatial scale of ecosystem service benefits indicated that the distribution of ecosystem services is highly Varanasi-centric. To provide a comprehensive representation of both the importance scale and the spatial scale of benefit, the Spatial Ecosystem Services Index (Spatial ESI) was developed. Cultural services scored the highest Spatial ESI of 0.17 while provisioning services have the lowest Spatial ESI (0.03).</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143500840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tiancheng Zhou, Yu Huang, Raghavendhran Avanasi, Richard A Brain, Mattia Prosperi, Jiang Bian
{"title":"Content Hubs, Information Flows, And Reactions for Pesticide-Related Discussions On Twitter.","authors":"Tiancheng Zhou, Yu Huang, Raghavendhran Avanasi, Richard A Brain, Mattia Prosperi, Jiang Bian","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pesticides are essential in modern agriculture for controlling pests and enhancing food production. However, concerns about their human and environmental health impacts have broadened discussions on their use, regulation, ethics, and sustainability. Scientific research, media coverage, input from corporations, governments, and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) shape public opinions and potentially influence regulatory decisions. This project analyzed pesticide-related discussions on Twitter/X from 2013 to 2022, focusing on information influence and propagation among individuals and organizations, advancing over prior research that looked at topic frequency, trends, and geography. Using a validated snowball sampling method, we collected over 3 million tweets from 1 million users and identified key network influencers, ie, information hubs, analyzing their content, popularity, and characteristics. Machine learning and a tailored information flow score were used to explore the dynamics of information flow and sentiment across hubs. Our analysis revealed that organizational hubs, particularly NGOs and media, were more active and had higher follower-to-following ratios than individual influencers. NGOs and media also dominated the pesticide-related discourse, while individual influencers had a lesser role. Information sources were unevenly distributed, with a dominance of retweets, news, and media posts, and a low prevalence of scientific sources. Information flow was high through NGOs, academia, and individuals, but poor from government accounts. Pesticide-focused hubs were more active and targeted in their information dissemination, with public sentiment largely negative. By delving deeper into the dynamics of information dissemination and influence networks, this study provides insights that emphasize 1) the need for better communication strategies to integrate diverse stakeholder perceptions and values, and 2) prioritizing the dissemination of credible scientific information, while also addressing sectoral disparities. Together, they can help policymakers and industry stakeholders build trust, promote transparency, and advance sustainable pesticide regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143500838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Graham Merrington, Robert W Gensemer, Guy Gilron, Iain Wilson, Adam Peters, Rick Van Dam, Lisa A Golding, Jenny Stauber, Jennifer Gadd, Ross Smith, David DeForest, Emily Garman, Ellizabeth Middleton, Adam Ryan, Christopher A Cooper, Erin Smith, Stijn Baken
{"title":"Bioavailability and risk assessment of metals in freshwaters: is global regulatory implementation keeping pace with scientific developments?","authors":"Graham Merrington, Robert W Gensemer, Guy Gilron, Iain Wilson, Adam Peters, Rick Van Dam, Lisa A Golding, Jenny Stauber, Jennifer Gadd, Ross Smith, David DeForest, Emily Garman, Ellizabeth Middleton, Adam Ryan, Christopher A Cooper, Erin Smith, Stijn Baken","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The scientific knowledge that enables the prediction of potential aquatic ecological risks due to exposure of metals based on freshwater chemistry data have been available for several decades. As a result, ecosystems can be protected, using frameworks and procedures incorporated into regulatory approaches. Yet, when evaluating how freshwater risks from metals are assessed globally, it is apparent that regulatory jurisdictions differ in their progress, and approaches, when accounting for bioavailability. It is entirely reasonable and appropriate for there to be a lag in time between the development of the science and its incorporation into routine regulatory environmental protection. We openly acknowledge that this is not just a regulatory challenge and take a more holistic view of the implementation of the science that informs metal bioavailability. Implementation comprises the steps required to utilize science and knowledge to enable its practical, beneficial, and routine application in regulatory decision making. Different regulatory jurisdictions have taken varied approaches to account for metal bioavailability. We have made specific use of frameworks that utilize limit values, such as water quality guidelines, criteria and quality standards, to illustrate the similarities and differences in the implementation of bioavailability. Approaches taken in Europe, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, and the United States were reviewed and evaluated. While some of these approaches, or parts thereof, have been successful, other aspects have been less so. In this evaluation, we have identified key commonly encountered obstacles and challenges in these approaches to the implementation of metal bioavailability. Finally, we provide an evidence-driven 'road map' to the successful regulatory implementation of metal bioavailability in risk assessment, drawn from successful components of the approaches reviewed. The application of this framework will enable regulatory jurisdictions to readily keep pace with the science pertaining to metal bioavailability and avoid the challenges experienced by others.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wetland pesticide exposure in agricultural regions: A case study from Uruguay.","authors":"Camila Fernández Nion, Ismael Díaz Isasa","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The intensification of agricultural practices has led to an increased reliance on pesticides, which has become a significant environmental concern due to their adverse effects on ecosystems and human health. In Uruguay, the escalation of pesticide use has been accompanied by detrimental effects on ecosystems critical for conservation. Understanding the dynamics of these widespread pollutants necessitates an in-depth comprehension of the application of active ingredients, their spatial distribution, and their environmental fate. This study aims to assess the exposure of wetland ecosystems in Uruguay's primary agricultural zone to pesticides. The research integrates remote sensing techniques to identify crop rotations, determining the predominant active ingredients and their rates of use in agricultural cycles, estimating pesticide distribution patterns and environmental mobility, and evaluating wetland exposure. The study reveals widespread use of active chemicals such as glyphosate, 24-D, flumioxazin, S-metolachlor, clethodim, flumetsulam, triflumuron, chlorantraniliprole, and fipronil, with 27.4% of wetland areas experiencing significant exposure. This study provides a comprehensive method for georeferencing pesticide applications, estimating spatial distribution, and assessing wetland vulnerability to agricultural chemicals, offering valuable insights for environmental management and policy-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatio-temporal pattern evolution analysis of ecological networks based on the morphological spatial pattern analysis: A case study of Ningbo City, China].","authors":"Jiyuan Zhang, Xuehui Gao, Chaozhong Liang, Maowen Zhang, Shuiming Zhang","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The exponential expansion of urban areas has precipitated a concomitant deterioration in the natural environment. Constructing ecological networks is vital in improving landscape connectivity, protecting biodiversity, and maintaining regional sustainable development. Ningbo, China was set as the research area. The geographic information system (GIS) and the morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) were employed to determine the ecological source area. Subsequently, the corridor design model Linkage Mapper was employed to ascertain and assess the linkages between the designated ecological source areas. The results showed that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, there was a large-scale change in land use type in Ningbo, with increasing complexity of patches and landscape fragmentation. The ecological sources of the three periods in Ningbo were primarily situated in the western, southern, and Hangzhou Bay coastal regions, exhibiting an uneven distribution in the eastern and western areas. (2) The number of primary ecological corridors in Ningbo underwent a significant reduction, from 26 to 17, between the years 2000 and 2020. In terms of the distribution of ecological corridors, the primary corridors were concentrated in the central, southern, and western regions of the study area in 2000. By 2020, however, the primary ecological corridors within the study region were distributed mainly in a southerly direction. The interaction between North and South ecological sources was weakened, which adversely affected the species spread and ecosystem stability. (3) After optimization, 12 ecological corridors, and 4 ecological nodes were incorporated into the Ningbo, 67 ecological breakpoints were identified, and 4 stepping stone patches were added. The study employed spatio-temporal change trends, including land use type and landscape pattern, to examine the ecological network of Ningbo. In conclusion, the proposed optimisation strategy is aligned with the current urban development context, offering a particularly pertinent reference point for Ningbo's ecological protection initiatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Askeland, Elissar Mikhael, Mubiana Matakala
{"title":"Efficiency assessment of PFAS immobilisation for large volumes of diffuse contaminated soil at airports.","authors":"Matthew Askeland, Elissar Mikhael, Mubiana Matakala","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the feasibility of immobilising diffuse per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) contaminated soil by developing and validating a novel field-scale methodology. The effectiveness of this approach was assessed via a field-scale trial conducted at an airport in Australia. Prior to full-scale treatment, laboratory trials were undertaken to determine optimal treatment reagents and application rates. The Standardised Sorbent Qualities Measure (SSQM) and Matrix Sorbent Qualities Measure (MSQM) were developed and applied to assess sorbent sorption/desorption capacity for PFAS under standardised conditions, facilitating sorbent selection. Three blending techniques were employed for field-scale trials: manual mixing with an excavator, large-scale rapid mixing using a pug mill, and a portable trommel screen. The efficacy of soil blending with a RemBind sorbent was validated using the sum of and leachable perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) + perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) assessments. Results showed a substantial reduction in PFAS leachability, with mean PFOS + PFHxS concentrations generally decreasing to below the limit of reporting, resulting in over 98% reductions in leachable fractions. The Sorbent Application Uniformity Test (SAUT) effectively served as a quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) measure alongside PFAS analysis, demonstrating consistent sorbent-soil blending across all methods evaluated. Overall, the large-scale trial at the airport confirmed that immobilisation using 1% to 2% RemBind 100 sorbent offered a viable, sustainable, and cost-effective solution, particularly for PFOS and PFHxS. Applying novel SSQM/MSQM and SAUT methods combined with pre-and post-treatment leachability analysis established a clear link between the sorbent application specification determined from laboratory-scale trials and field validation requirements. Thus, these methods are pertinent for assessing the immobilisation technique's efficacy and sorbent blending quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}