Assessing Soil Pollution Potential through Spatial Heavy Metal Bioaccessibility for Health Risk Evaluation.

IF 8.4 4区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Yen-Tzu Fan, Ying-Lin Wang, Ming-Chien Tsou, Zeng-Yei Hseu, Hsing-Cheng Hsi, Ling-Chu Chien
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Incorporating bioaccessibility into health risk assessments enhances the accuracy of exposure estimates for heavy metal (HM) pollution, supports targeted remediation, and informs public health and policy decisions, particularly for vulnerable populations. Because HM bioaccessibility depends on local soil and geographic characteristics, identifying its relationship with soil properties is crucial for assessing soil pollution potential. Although HM concentrations can be measured relatively easily, bioaccessibility requires complex laboratory procedures, limiting routine applications in regulatory contexts. Integrating spatial information with bioaccessibility-based risk assessments can help identify pollution hotspots and better protect at-risk groups. This study developed a novel approach that spatially integrates HM bioaccessibility into health risk assessment. Using the simple bioaccessibility extraction test (SBET), farmland soils from 98 sites across Taiwan were analyzed to establish predictive equations for six common HMs: cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn). These equations were combined with previous soil survey data to generate spatial SBET maps across all agricultural regions in Taiwan. Results showed clear geographic variations: high Cd SBET (50%-100%) occurred in northern Taiwan with acidic soils, while elevated Cu and Zn SBET (45%-60%) were found in southern Taiwan with lower clay contents. We further applied the spatial SBET maps to Changhua County, a representative agricultural region. Infants and children exhibited higher non-carcinogenic risks (hazard index >0.01), especially in western villages, while adults had lower risks (<0.005). Seniors showed concerns of carcinogenic risks (total cancer risk index >1.0E-6). This study presents a practical and scalable framework for integrating soil bioaccessibility into spatial risk assessments, helping policymakers identify high-risk areas, prioritize remediation, and optimize healthare resource allocation, supporting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of good health and well-being (SDG 3) and life on land (SDG 15).

基于空间重金属生物可达性评价土壤污染潜力的健康风险评价
将生物可及性纳入健康风险评估可提高重金属污染暴露估计的准确性,支持有针对性的补救措施,并为公共卫生和政策决策提供信息,特别是为弱势群体提供信息。由于HM的生物可及性取决于当地土壤和地理特征,因此确定其与土壤性质的关系对于评估土壤污染潜力至关重要。虽然HM浓度可以相对容易地测量,但生物可及性需要复杂的实验室程序,限制了在监管环境中的常规应用。将空间信息与基于生物可及性的风险评估相结合,有助于识别污染热点,更好地保护风险群体。本研究开发了一种将HM生物可及性空间整合到健康风险评估中的新方法。采用简易生物可达性提取试验(SBET)对台湾地区98个农田土壤进行分析,建立了镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)和锌(Zn) 6种常见土壤可达性的预测方程。这些方程与以前的土壤调查数据相结合,生成了台湾所有农业区的空间SBET地图。结果显示明显的地理差异:台湾北部为酸性土壤,Cd SBET偏高(50% ~ 100%),而台湾南部为较低黏土含量,Cu和Zn SBET偏高(45% ~ 60%)。我们进一步将空间SBET地图应用到具有代表性的农业区彰化县。婴儿和儿童具有较高的非致癌风险(危害指数>0.01),特别是在西部村庄,而成人具有较低的风险(1.0E-6)。本研究提出了一个实用且可扩展的框架,可将土壤生物可达性纳入空间风险评估,帮助决策者识别高风险区域,优先考虑修复措施,优化健康资源配置,支持可持续发展目标(SDG)的良好健康和福祉(SDG 3)和陆地生命(SDG 15)。
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来源期刊
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management
Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCESTOXICOLOGY&nbs-TOXICOLOGY
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
6.50%
发文量
156
期刊介绍: Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (IEAM) publishes the science underpinning environmental decision making and problem solving. Papers submitted to IEAM must link science and technical innovations to vexing regional or global environmental issues in one or more of the following core areas: Science-informed regulation, policy, and decision making Health and ecological risk and impact assessment Restoration and management of damaged ecosystems Sustaining ecosystems Managing large-scale environmental change Papers published in these broad fields of study are connected by an array of interdisciplinary engineering, management, and scientific themes, which collectively reflect the interconnectedness of the scientific, social, and environmental challenges facing our modern global society: Methods for environmental quality assessment; forecasting across a number of ecosystem uses and challenges (systems-based, cost-benefit, ecosystem services, etc.); measuring or predicting ecosystem change and adaptation Approaches that connect policy and management tools; harmonize national and international environmental regulation; merge human well-being with ecological management; develop and sustain the function of ecosystems; conceptualize, model and apply concepts of spatial and regional sustainability Assessment and management frameworks that incorporate conservation, life cycle, restoration, and sustainability; considerations for climate-induced adaptation, change and consequences, and vulnerability Environmental management applications using risk-based approaches; considerations for protecting and fostering biodiversity, as well as enhancement or protection of ecosystem services and resiliency.
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