Insect Molecular Biology最新文献

{"title":"Ligand binding properties of three odorant-binding proteins in striped flea beetle Phyllotreta striolata towards two phthalate esters","authors":"Yong Xiao,&nbsp;Yuhong Wu,&nbsp;Chunmei Lei,&nbsp;Fei Yin,&nbsp;Zhengke Peng,&nbsp;Xiangfeng Jing,&nbsp;Yongjun Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenyu Li","doi":"10.1111/imb.12907","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imb.12907","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) initiate insect olfactory perception and mediate specific binding and selection of odorants via uncertain binding mechanisms. We characterized the binding characteristics of four OBPs from the striped flea beetle <i>Phyllotreta striolata</i> (SFB), a major cruciferous crop pest. Tissue expression analysis revealed that the two ABPII OBPs (PstrOBP12 and PstrOBP19) were highly expressed mainly in the antenna, whereas the two minus-C OBPs (PstrOBP13 and PstrOBP16) showed a broad expression pattern. Competitive binding assays of cruciferous plant volatiles showed that PstrOBP12, PstrOBP16 and PstrOBP19 had very strong binding capacities for only two phthalate esters (<i>K</i>_i &lt; 20 μM), and PstrOBP13 specifically bound to four aromatic volatiles (<i>K</i>_i &lt; 11 μM). Fluorescence quenching assays displayed that two phthalate esters bound to three PstrOBPs via different quenching mechanisms. PstrOBP12/PstrOBP16–diisobutyl phthalate and PstrOBP19–bis(6-methylheptyl) phthalate followed static quenching, while PstrOBP12/PstrOBP16–bis(6-methylheptyl) phthalate and PstrOBP19–diisobutyl phthalate followed dynamic quenching. Homology modelling and molecular docking displayed that PstrOBP12–diisobutyl phthalate was driven by H-bonding and van der Waals interactions, while PstrOBP16–diisobutyl phthalate and PstrOBP19–bis(6-methylheptyl) phthalate followed hydrophobic interactions. Finally, behavioural activity analysis demonstrated that phthalate esters exhibited different behavioural activities of SFB at different doses, with low doses attracting and high doses repelling. Overall, we thus revealed the different binding properties of the three PstrOBPs to two phthalate esters, which was beneficial in shedding light on the ligand-binding mechanisms of OBPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13526,"journal":{"name":"Insect Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140119376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publication interests and priorities for Insect Molecular Biology","authors":"Jennifer Brisson,&nbsp;Sassan Asgari,&nbsp;Zhijian Tu","doi":"10.1111/imb.12906","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imb.12906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Insect Molecular Biology</i> (<i>IMB</i>) publishes high-quality research related to the molecular biology of insects. We are a society journal, overseen by the Royal Entomological Society, which publishes <i>IMB</i> as part of its mission to enrich the world with insect science. Many of the <i>IMB</i> editors are also members of the Royal Entomological Society, working to support its mission. When you publish in or review for <i>IMB</i>, you are also supporting this mission.</p><p><i>IMB</i> seeks to publish research on a variety of subjects in molecular biology using a range of model systems. Common topics are the molecular genetics of development, insecticide resistance, behaviour, neurobiology, sociality, reproduction, immunity, genomics, ecology, evolution and symbiont interactions. Focal insects include the models <i>Drosophila</i> and <i>Tribolium</i>, as well as a range of less-studied, but economically important insects. Importantly, <i>IMB</i> also considers manuscripts that focus on non-insect arthropods, such as ticks and spiders.</p><p>We say a reluctant good-bye and a hearty thank you to Dr. Mark Paine, who served in the Editor-in-Chief role for 6 years. We have a vibrant, diverse and high-profile global editorial board to ensure publication of high-quality original research and review articles. We are still keen to recruit new Associate Editors to the board, so please look out for recruitment opportunities coming up.</p><p><i>IMB</i> is a strong supporter of transparency, scientific rigour and reproducibility, and we will shortly be requiring authors to deposit their data at the revision stage and make this available to editors and reviewers.</p><p><i>IMB</i> welcomes both original research and review papers. Original research papers can be in long or short format. Please see the information under ‘Instructions for Authors’ to understand the distinction between the two. Review papers should be timely and should comprehensively review the focal field. For either submission type, the Editors-in-Chief and the Review Editor are happy to correspond regarding pre-submission inquiries.</p><p><i>IMB</i> also welcomes proposals for special issues. Special issues are an excellent way to make a larger impact with your work. Wiley has support services in place to help Guest Editors through every stage of the process.</p><p>We particularly encourage submissions or special issue proposals that address the grand challenges in entomology (Luke et al., <span>2023</span>). Methodological techniques came out strongly as a challenge as did conservation and anthropogenic impacts. Works addressing these areas and in scope for <i>IMB</i> are welcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":13526,"journal":{"name":"Insect Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imb.12906","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140065173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alpha-mannosidase-2 modulates arbovirus infection in a pathogen- and Wolbachia-specific manner in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes","authors":"Nadya Urakova,&nbsp;Renuka E. Joseph,&nbsp;Allyn Huntsinger,&nbsp;Vanessa M. Macias,&nbsp;Matthew J. Jones,&nbsp;Leah T. Sigle,&nbsp;Ming Li,&nbsp;Omar S. Akbari,&nbsp;Zhiyong Xi,&nbsp;Konstantinos Lymperopoulos,&nbsp;Richard T. Sayre,&nbsp;Elizabeth A. McGraw,&nbsp;Jason L. Rasgon","doi":"10.1111/imb.12904","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imb.12904","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Multiple <i>Wolbachia</i> strains can block pathogen infection, replication and/or transmission in <i>Aedes aegypti</i> mosquitoes under both laboratory and field conditions. However, <i>Wolbachia</i> effects on pathogens can be highly variable across systems and the factors governing this variability are not well understood. It is increasingly clear that the mosquito host is not a passive player in which <i>Wolbachia</i> governs pathogen transmission phenotypes; rather, the genetics of the host can significantly modulate <i>Wolbachia</i>-mediated pathogen blocking. Specifically, previous work linked variation in <i>Wolbachia</i> pathogen blocking to polymorphisms in the mosquito alpha-mannosidase-2 (αMan2) gene. Here we use CRISPR-Cas9 mutagenesis to functionally test this association. We developed αMan2 knockouts and examined effects on both <i>Wolbachia</i> and virus levels, using dengue virus (DENV; <i>Flaviviridae</i>) and Mayaro virus (MAYV; <i>Togaviridae</i>). <i>Wolbachia</i> titres were significantly elevated in αMan2 knockout (KO) mosquitoes, but there were complex interactions with virus infection and replication. In <i>Wolbachia</i>-uninfected mosquitoes, the αMan2 KO mutation was associated with decreased DENV titres, but in a <i>Wolbachia</i>-infected background, the αMan2 KO mutation significantly increased virus titres. In contrast, the αMan2 KO mutation significantly increased MAYV replication in <i>Wolbachia</i>-uninfected mosquitoes and did not affect <i>Wolbachia</i>-mediated virus blocking. These results demonstrate that αMan2 modulates arbovirus infection in <i>A. aegypti</i> mosquitoes in a pathogen- and <i>Wolbachia</i>-specific manner, and that <i>Wolbachia</i>-mediated pathogen blocking is a complex phenotype dependent on the mosquito host genotype and the pathogen. These results have a significant impact for the design and use of <i>Wolbachia</i>-based strategies to control vector-borne pathogens.</p>","PeriodicalId":13526,"journal":{"name":"Insect Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11233229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of the serine/threonine kinase AKT and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase PDK in Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to three kinds of foods and their regulation of reproductive function","authors":"Xinyue Qiu,&nbsp;Wanqing Huang,&nbsp;Wenbo Yue,&nbsp;Dingyin Li,&nbsp;Junrui Zhi","doi":"10.1111/imb.12905","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imb.12905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Frankliniella occidentalis</i> (Pergande) is a typical omnivorous insect that feeds on host plants, pollens and mite eggs, and poses a threat to crops worldwide. The insulin signalling pathway (ISP) is a typical nutrient-sensitive pathway that participates in the regulation of various functions in insects. Serine/threonine kinases (<i>AKTs</i>) and phosphoinositide-dependent kinases (<i>PDKs</i>) are key components of the ISP. In this study, the <i>FoAKT</i> and <i>FoPDK</i> genes in <i>F. occidentalis</i> were cloned, and the effects of three foods on their expression were determined. The expression of <i>FoAKT</i> and <i>FoPDK</i> in the thrips fed on kidney bean leaves supplemented with pine pollen or mite eggs was higher than in those primarily fed on leaves alone. Meanwhile, the fecundity of thrips fed on leaves supplemented with pine pollen was highest. In addition, RNA interference-mediated knockdown of <i>FoAKT</i> and <i>FoPDK</i> decreased vitellogenin (Vg) content and <i>Vg</i> expression in females, shortened ovariole length, delayed egg development and reduced fecundity and offspring hatching rates. Furthermore, the synthesis of juvenile hormone (JH) was reduced, and the contents of glucose, trehalose, glycogen and trehalase were affected. These results suggest that <i>FoAKT</i> and <i>FoPDK</i> regulate the reproduction of <i>F. occidentalis</i> by regulating Vg and JH production as well as carbohydrate metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":13526,"journal":{"name":"Insect Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140049368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silencing NlFAR7 destroyed the pore canals and related structures of the brown planthopper","authors":"Yi-Lin Cui,&nbsp;Jian-Shen Guo,&nbsp;Chuan-Xi Zhang,&nbsp;Xiao-Ping Yu,&nbsp;Dan-Ting Li","doi":"10.1111/imb.12903","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imb.12903","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fatty acyl-CoA reductase (FAR) is one of the key enzymes, which catalyses the conversion of fatty acyl-CoA to the corresponding alcohols. Among the FAR family members in the brown planthopper (<i>Nilaparvata lugens</i>), <i>NlFAR7</i> plays a pivotal role in both the synthesis of cuticular hydrocarbons and the waterproofing of the cuticle. However, the precise mechanism by which <i>NlFAR7</i> influences the formation of the cuticle structure in <i>N. lugens</i> remains unclear. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the impact of <i>NlFAR7</i> through RNA interference, transmission electron microscope, focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) and lipidomics analysis. FIB-SEM is employed to reconstruct the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of the pore canals and related cuticle structures in <i>N. lugens</i> subjected to ds<i>NlFAR7</i> and ds<i>GFP</i> treatments, enabling a comprehensive assessment of changes in the cuticle structures. The results reveal a reduction in the thickness of the cuticle and disruptions in the spiral structure of pore canals, accompanied by widened base and middle diameters. Furthermore, the lipidomics comparison analysis between ds<i>NlFAR7</i>- and ds<i>GFP</i>-treated <i>N. lugens</i> demonstrated that there were 25 metabolites involved in cuticular lipid layer synthesis, including 7 triacylglycerols (TGs), 5 phosphatidylcholines (PCs), 3 phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) and 2 diacylglycerols (DGs) decreased, and 4 triacylglycerols (TGs) and 4 PEs increased. In conclusion, silencing <i>NlFAR7</i> disrupts the synthesis of overall lipids and destroys the cuticular pore canals and related structures, thereby disrupting the secretion of cuticular lipids, thus affecting the cuticular waterproofing of <i>N. lugens</i>. These findings give significant attention with reference to further biochemical researches on the substrate specificity of FAR protein, and the molecular regulation mechanisms during <i>N. lugens</i> life cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":13526,"journal":{"name":"Insect Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140018421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution analysis of TRH in Bactrocera dorsalis using a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated reporter knock-in strain","authors":"Feiyue Teng,&nbsp;Fengyi Guo,&nbsp;Jimei Feng,&nbsp;Yongyue Lu,&nbsp;Yixiang Qi","doi":"10.1111/imb.12901","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imb.12901","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although the study of many genes and their protein products is limited by the availability of high-quality antibodies, this problem could be solved by fusing a tag/reporter to an endogenous gene using a gene-editing approach. The type II bacterial CRISPR/Cas system has been demonstrated to be an efficient gene-targeting technology for many insects, including the oriental fruit fly <i>Bactrocera dorsalis</i>. However, knocking in, an important editing method of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, has lagged in its application in insects. Here, we describe a highly efficient homology-directed genome editing system for <i>B. dorsalis</i> that incorporates coinjection of embryos with Cas9 protein, guide RNA and a short single-stranded oligodeoxynucleotide donor. This one-step procedure generates flies carrying V5 tag (42 bp) in the <i>BdorTRH</i> gene. In insects, as in other invertebrates and in vertebrates, the neuronal tryptophan hydroxylase (<i>TRH</i>) gene encodes the rate-limiting enzyme for serotonin biosynthesis in the central nervous system. Using V5 monoclonal antibody, the distribution of TRH in <i>B. dorsalis</i> at different developmental stages was uncovered. Our results will facilitate the generation of insects carrying precise DNA inserts in endogenous genes and will lay foundation for the investigation of the neural mechanisms underlying the serotonin-mediated behaviour of <i>B. dorsalis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":13526,"journal":{"name":"Insect Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139971728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of the myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) gene of Locusta migratoria and the encoded MLCK","authors":"Miao Wei,&nbsp;Ning Zhang,&nbsp;Xiang-dong Li","doi":"10.1111/imb.12902","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imb.12902","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) is a dedicated kinase of myosin regulatory light chain (RLC), playing an essential role in the regulation of muscle contraction and cell motility. Much of the knowledge about MLCK comes from the study of vertebrate MLCK, and little is known about insect MLCK. Here, we identified the single MLCK gene in the locust <i>Locusta migratoria</i>, which spans over 1400 kb, includes 62 exons and accounts for at least five transcripts. We found that the five distinct transcripts of the locust MLCK gene are expressed in a tissue-specific manner, including three muscle-specific isoforms and two generic isoforms. To characterise the kinase activity of locust MLCK, we recombinantly expressed LmMLCK-G, the smallest locust MLCK isoform, in insect Sf9 cells. We demonstrated that LmMLCK-G is a Ca²⁺/calmodulin-dependent kinase that specifically phosphorylates serine 50 of locust muscle myosin RLC (LmRLC). Additionally, we found that almost all LmRLC molecules in the flight muscle and the hindleg muscles of adult locusts are phosphorylated.</p>","PeriodicalId":13526,"journal":{"name":"Insect Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139971727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of mevalonate pathway by macrophage-specific delivery of atorvastatin prevents their pro-inflammatory polarisation","authors":"Gabriela Krejčová,&nbsp;Gabriela Ruphuy,&nbsp;Petra Šalamúnová,&nbsp;Erik Sonntag,&nbsp;František Štěpánek,&nbsp;Adam Bajgar","doi":"10.1111/imb.12900","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imb.12900","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adjustment of the cellular metabolism of pro-inflammatory macrophages is essential for their bactericidal function; however, it underlies the development of many human diseases if induced chronically. Therefore, intervention of macrophage metabolic polarisation has been recognised as a potent strategy for their treatment. Although many small-molecule inhibitors affecting macrophage metabolism have been identified, their in vivo administration requires a tool for macrophage-specific delivery to limit their potential side effects. Here, we establish <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> as a simple experimental model for in vivo testing of macrophage-specific delivery tools. We found that yeast-derived glucan particles (GPs) are suitable for macrophage-specific delivery of small-molecule inhibitors. Systemic administration of GPs loaded with atorvastatin, the inhibitor of hydroxy-methyl<i>-</i>glutaryl-CoA reductase (<i>Hmgcr</i>), leads to intervention of mevalonate pathway specifically in macrophages, without affecting HMGCR activity in other tissues. Using this tool, we demonstrate that mevalonate pathway is essential for macrophage pro-inflammatory polarisation and individual's survival of infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":13526,"journal":{"name":"Insect Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imb.12900","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139897970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A role for DNA methylation in bumblebee morphogenesis hints at female-specific developmental erasure","authors":"Ben J. Hunt,&nbsp;Mirko Pegoraro,&nbsp;Hollie Marshall,&nbsp;Eamonn B. Mallon","doi":"10.1111/imb.12897","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imb.12897","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, are crucial factors in animal development. In some mammals, almost all DNA methylation is erased during embryo development and re-established in a sex- and cell-specific manner. This erasure and re-establishment is thought to primarily be a vertebrate-specific trait. Insects are particularly interesting in terms of development as many species often undergo remarkable morphological changes en route to maturity, that is, morphogenesis. However, little is known about the role of epigenetic mechanisms in this process across species. We have used whole-genome bisulfite sequencing to track genome-wide DNA methylation changes through the development of an economically and environmentally important pollinator species, the bumblebee <i>Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera:Apidae Linnaeus)</i>. We find overall levels of DNA methylation vary throughout development, and we find developmentally relevant differentially methylated genes throughout. Intriguingly, we have identified a depletion of DNA methylation in ovaries/eggs and an enrichment of highly methylated genes in sperm. We suggest this could represent a sex-specific DNA methylation erasure event. To our knowledge, this is the first suggestion of possible developmental DNA methylation erasure in an insect species. This study lays the required groundwork for functional experimental work to determine if there is a causal nature to the DNA methylation differences identified. Additionally, the application of single-cell methylation sequencing to this system will enable more accurate identification of if or when DNA methylation is erased during development.</p>","PeriodicalId":13526,"journal":{"name":"Insect Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imb.12897","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139722398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome assembly and transcriptomic analysis to elucidate the ability of Nasonovia ribisnigri to break host plant resistance","authors":"Dion Garrett,&nbsp;Graham Teakle,&nbsp;Rosemary Collier,&nbsp;James R. Bell,&nbsp;Sergio Cerezo-Medina,&nbsp;Ramiro Morales-Hojas","doi":"10.1111/imb.12894","DOIUrl":"10.1111/imb.12894","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Aphid genomic resources enable the study of complex life history traits and provide information on vector biology, host adaption and speciation. The currant–lettuce aphid (<i>Nasonovia ribisnigri</i> <i>(Hemiptera: Aphididae</i>) (Mosley)) is a cosmopolitan pest of outdoor lettuce (<i>Lactuca sativa</i> (Asterales: Asteraceae) (Linnaeus)). Until recently, the use of resistant cultivars was an effective method for managing <i>N</i>. <i>ribisnigri</i>. A resistant cultivar containing a single gene (Nr-locus), introduced in the 1980s, conferred complete resistance to feeding. Overreliance of this Nr-locus in lettuce resulted in <i>N</i>. <i>ribisnigri's</i> ability to break resistance mechanism, with first reports during 2003. Our work attempts to understand which candidate gene(s) are associated with this resistance-breaking mechanism. We present two de novo draft assembles for <i>N</i>. <i>ribisnigri</i> genomes, corresponding to both avirulent (Nr-locus susceptible) and virulent (Nr-locus resistant) biotypes. Changes in gene expression of the two <i>N</i>. <i>ribisnigri</i> biotypes were investigated using transcriptomic analyses of RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data to understand the potential mechanisms of resistance to the Nr-locus in lettuce. The draft genome assemblies were 94.2% and 91.4% complete for the avirulent and virulent biotypes, respectively. Out of the 18,872 differentially expressed genes, a single gene/locus was identified in <i>N</i>. <i>ribisnigri</i> that was shared between two resistant-breaking biotypes. This locus was further explored and validated in Real-Time Quantitative Reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) experiments and has predicted localisations in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. This is the first study to provide evidence that a single gene/locus is likely responsible for the ability of <i>N</i>. <i>ribisnigri</i> to overcome the Nr-locus resistance in the lettuce host.</p>","PeriodicalId":13526,"journal":{"name":"Insect Molecular Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/imb.12894","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139722399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}