humanities Journal of University of Zakho最新文献

{"title":"Voice onset time of plosive consonants in initial position in badidni dialect","authors":"Warhel Kamel, S. Salih","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1139","url":null,"abstract":"Phoneticians have presented several ways and theories for knowing the features and characteristics of plosive consonants. Acoustic ways are ones that languages’ plosive consonants are determined by them. In the last 60 years VOT was widely used as an acoustic parameter by phoneticians for comparing voicing contrast and determining the categories and features of plosive consonants as an acceptable way. Until now it’s not known that plosive consonants are determined in badini dialect according to the VOT parameter. This study is an attempt to what extent we can benefit from the mentioned parameter for specifying voicing contrast distinction, voicing categories and their properties and features. For this purpose the two plosive consonants /b, p/ are used as a stimulus of this investigation in the initial 6 monosyllabic words in the environment of the two vowels /ɑ æ,/. The collected data are taken from (20) badini dialect speakers. It’s assumed that voicing contrast, VOT values and the categories of plosive (voiced and voiceless) consonants are different in baddini dialect. Depending on procedures and statistical analysis tests it concludes that; VOT is formed in three ways and three separate values. This study consists of five sections; the first section is the introduction, the second one is theoretical framework, in the third section the procedures of doing this study are shown, statistical results and discussing them are mentioned in the fourth section and the conclusions of the study are shown in the fifth section.","PeriodicalId":134960,"journal":{"name":"humanities Journal of University of Zakho","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134436603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkmen exodus to the Anatolia and establishing their pricipalities","authors":"Hazhar Hussein, Othman Omar","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1068","url":null,"abstract":"The Turkmen exodus to the Anatolia is considered one of the important historical periods in the history of the Turks. After the tenth century, a number of the Turkish tribes had converted to Islam in the central Asia.  Gradually they headed toward western of the central Asia, they migrated from Iran to Anatolia especially after the foundation of the Sajuq`s state in (1037). Afterwards, under the authority of the Saljuqs, the Turkmen started to migrate to Anatolia. At the same time, the Byzantine dynasty had internal conflicts that paved the way for the Seljuqs to take action and to head toward Anatolia.\u0000the first half of the 11th century, the Turkmen tribes attempted to settle down in Anatolia, but their attempts failed. While, in the second half of the 11th century, and after they defeated the Byzantins in the battle of Malazgirt, they could eventually make Anatolia their own home in (1071). Their victory in the battle led to the foundation the state of the Saljuq`s Rum in Anatolia. Consequently, some leader emerged from among the Turkmen tribes could build some emirates such as; Danishmandi, Saltuk, Mankochk, and Zackac.","PeriodicalId":134960,"journal":{"name":"humanities Journal of University of Zakho","volume":"279 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115252661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"تأثير المحاسبة القضائية في الكشف عن عمليات الإحتيال المالي","authors":"كسر محمد","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1111","url":null,"abstract":"الغرض من هذا البحث هو اظهار تأثير المحاسبة القضائية في الكشف عن عمليات الإحتيال المالي ، ومن اجل الوصول الى ذلك تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي لحالة حدثت في احدى المستشفيات الأهلية في مدينة زاخو، وذلك بعد تقديم طلب رسمي من الجامعة الى محكمة الجنح في زاخو بغرض الإطلاع على ملف القضية أو الجزء المتعلق بالقوائم المالية  (كشف الدخل) والمخططات التوضيحية الموجودة في القضية والتي قدمها محامي الدعوة للمحكمة كدليل اثبات للشكوى،ظهر في القوائم المالية كيفية تلاعب المتهمان بأرباح المستشفى العامة وقسم العمليات الخاصة خلال فترة عملهما ومقارنتها بالفترة التي تلت تغيرهما لبيان التغيرات،وقد توصل الباحثة الى أن المحاسبة القضائية لها تأثير فعال في تحديد عمليات الإحتيال المالي والبنود المنحرفة في القوائم المالية وتصحيحها، وأن الإهتمام بمهنة المحاسبة القضائية أمر ضروري حيث تعتبر أداة تستخدم لمكافحة عمليات التحايل المالي والإختلاس وكشفها. وتقترح الباحثة قيام نقابات المحاسبين والمؤسسات المتخصصة بتأهيل وتدريب كوادر محاسبية كفوء يمتلكون القدرة في القيام بأعمالهم بشكل الذي يلائم التقنيات والأساليب الحديثة في مجال مهنة المحاسبية ومهنة التدقيق.","PeriodicalId":134960,"journal":{"name":"humanities Journal of University of Zakho","volume":"12 40","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132845989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"گوتارا ڕەخنەیا شعرى د نامەیێن ماستەرێ ل دەڤەرا بەهدیناندا دوو نامەیێن شعرى وەک نموونە","authors":"یهمان عبدالرحمن, ابراهیم احمد شوان","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1089","url":null,"abstract":"ڕەخنەیا ئەدەبى ب ڤەکۆلین و پێداچوون و شرۆڤەکرنا دەقێ داهێنانى ڕادبيت ب مەرەما دیارکرنا سیفاتێن دەقێ ئەدەبى و بها و ئێستاتیکا ئەوى دەقى. بۆ ئەڤێ چەندێژى ئالاڤێ د دەستێ ڕەخنەگراندا میتۆدێن ڕەخنەیینە.  و هەر میتۆدەکا ڕەخنەیى پێکهاتییە ژ کۆمەکا چەمک و زاراڤ و بنەما و پێرابوونین ڕەخنەیی. گوتارا ڕەخنەیا ڕەخنێ ژ ئەنجامێ ئەڤان میتۆدان و ئاراستەیێن ئەوان پەیدابوویە. ڕەخنەیا ڕەخنێ و ڕەخنەگرێ ئەوێ سەحدکەتە چالاکییا ڕەخنەیی کا ڕخنەگرێ دەقێ ئەدەبى ب چ شێوە سەرەدەریێ ل گەل ئالاڤ و میکانیزمێن میتۆدێ ڕەخنەیی کرینە، گریمانا ئەڤێ ڤەکۆلینێ ئەوە ل هندێ دگەرهیت ئەرێ ڕەخنەگرێن ئەکادیمى ب چ شێوە سەرەدەریى ل گەل  چالاکییا ڕەخنەیی کرییە. هۆشمەندییا ڕەخنەیی ب چ شێوە بوویە ئایا ب شێوەیەکێ هویربین میتۆدێن ڕەخنەی بکارهیناینە وەکى لایەنێ: (ئارمانج، ناڤەک و کریارا ڕەخنەیی) د نامەیاندا . ئەڤ ڤەکۆلینە ب ناڤونیشانێ (گوتارا ڕەخنەیا شعرى د نامەیێن ماستەرێ ل دەڤەرا بەهدیناندا دوو نامەیێن شعرى وەک نموونە) مەبەستا ئەوێ دیارکرنا ئاستێ گوتارا ئەکادیمیە د نامەیێن ماستەرێ  یێن دەڤەرا بەهدیناندا. د ئەڤێ ڤەکۆلینێدا دیاربوویە، كوهۆشمەندییا ڕەخنەیى د نامەیا میتۆد بکارهیناییدا پتر دهێتە دیتن ژ نامەیا  پەنا نەبریە بەر میتودبەندیێ.","PeriodicalId":134960,"journal":{"name":"humanities Journal of University of Zakho","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122476813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"سەیروسەمەری د چیرۆكا فۆلکلورییا كوردیدا","authors":"شڤان عبدالرحمن, محسن صالح","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1078","url":null,"abstract":"سەیروسەمەر ئێكە ژ ئەوان بابەتان یێ‌ كو ب ڕەنگەكێ‌ بەرفرەهـ د ناڤ چیرۆكا فۆلکلوریا كودیدا دهێتە دیتن، ئەڤەژی بۆ خەیالا بەرفرەها ڤەگێڕانا چیرۆكا فۆلکلوری ڤەدگەریت، هەبوونا سەیروسەمەریێ‌ د ناڤ رویدانێن چیرۆكێدا دبیتە هۆکار كو رویدان ئێك‌ بۆ ئێكا دی ب ئاوایەکێ تاسەگەر بهێنە ڤەگوهازتن و د هەمان دەمدا ئەو چیرۆك ب رەنگەكێ‌ سەرەنج راكێش بگەهیتە گوهێ‌ گوهداری، چونکی سەیروسەمەری وەك بابەت رەهەندەكێ‌ ل سەرڤەی سروشتی یانژی سروشتبەز دگەهینیت. ئەڤجا ئایە ڕاستە سەیروسەمەری ئەو دەستێوەردانا توند و ڤەشارتیە ئەوا د چارچوڤێ‌ ژیانا كەتواریا روژانەدا ڕویددەت، یانژی دابرینەكە یان دەرزەكە دكەڤیتە د وی سیستەمێ‌ بەربەلاڤێ‌ باوەرپێكریێ مرۆڤیدا. ژ بەر ئەڤێ‌ چەندێ‌ مە ڤیایە ڤەكولینەكێ‌ ل سەر چیرۆكا فۆلکلوریا كوردی ل ژێر ناڤونیشانێ‌ (سەیروسەمەری د چیرۆكا فۆلکلورییا كوردیدا (پەرتوكا نارینا گولبارین و چەند چیرۆكێن سەر زاری) وەك نموونە) ئەنجام بدەین، ئەڤە وەک هەولدانەكێ بۆ دیاركرنا لایەنێ‌ سەیروسەمەریێ‌ د ناڤ چیرۆكێدا و ئایە كا ب چ شێوە سەیروسەمەری  د ناڤ چیرۆكا فۆلکلورییا كوردیدا بكارهاتیە. ڤەكۆلین ژ دوو پشكان پێكدهێت پشكا ئێكێ‌ لایەنێ‌ تیورێ‌ ڤەدگریت و پشكا دوویێ‌ یا تەرخانكریە بۆ لایەنێ‌ پراكتیكی.","PeriodicalId":134960,"journal":{"name":"humanities Journal of University of Zakho","volume":"120 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115636460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"واقع كردستان في ظل المعاهدات الإيرانية-العثمانية (1514 - 1847) م","authors":"Dindar Issa Saeed","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1297","url":null,"abstract":"مثلت معركة جالديران التي نشبت بين الدولتين الصفوية والعثمانية سنة 1514م، فاتحة حقبة تاريخية طويلة من الصراع بينهما، والتي امتدت لأكثر من ثلاثة قرون، كانت من خلالها بلاد كردستان محورا له، كونها تشكل حاجزا طبيعيا يفصل بين القوتين. إن الصراع تطور أكثر بسبب طموحات الدولة الصفوية الجديدة، التي كانت تهدف إلى بسط نفوذها خارج حدودها الإقليمية على حساب كردستان. لقد دفع هذا الصراع بالدولتين إلى حل خلافاتهما عن طريق المفاوضات والحوار، بعد استنزافه لقدراتهما على مدى قرون، مع تغير موازين القوى لصالح دول أخرى، خاصة بريطانيا وروسيا، وقد جاء هذا التحول في علاقتهما البينية عبر مسارات عديدة، ترجمتها جملة معاهدات واتفاقيات وقعها الطرفان منها: معاهدة أماسيا 1555 م – معاهدة فرهاد باشا (القسطنطينية) 1590 م – معاهدة نصوح باشا 1612 م – معاهدة سراو 1618 م – معاهدة زهاب (قصر شيرين) 1639 م – معاهدة أرضروم الأولى 1823 م ومعاهدة أرضروم الثانية 1847 م، حيث أثرت بشكل أو بآخر على كردستان جغرافيًا، سياسيًا، اقتصاديًا واجتماعيًا، وهذا بعد أن تمت تجزئتها بينهما إلى مناطق نفوذ. سنحاول دراسة هذا الموضوع ذو الصبغة التاريخية السياسية وفق إشكالية رئيسة، من خلال موقع كردستان في المعاهدات الإيرانية – العثمانية، وأثر ذلك على بنائها الجغرافي، السياسي، الاقتصادي والاجتماعي، انطلاقا من هذه الإشكالية، سنعتمد في دراستنا على المنهج التاريخي بأداتيه الوصفية والتحليلية، مركزين على تحليل مضمون المعاهدات. سنعالج موضوع البحث وفق العناصر التالية: 1- الصراع الإيراني – العثماني بعد عام 1514 م وتجدده في عهد طهماسب الأول (1524 م – 1576 م). 2- المعاهدات الإيرانية – العثمانية (1555 م – 1847 م). 3- أثر المعاهدات على البناء الجغرافي، السياسي، الاقتصادي والاجتماعي لكردستان.","PeriodicalId":134960,"journal":{"name":"humanities Journal of University of Zakho","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132264188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of middle and new age kurdish state and principalities madrasahs to kurdish language and literature","authors":"Nevzat Emi̇noğlu","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1290","url":null,"abstract":"At the emergence of the religion of Islam in the seventh century AD, the Kurds and their geography were stuck between the Persian and Byzantine Empires and were an area of contention. Starting from the middle of the 7th century, the Kurds began to experience a radical social change and dynamism with their acceptance of Islam. Thanks to the energy and social mobility and change stemming from this new belief and religion, the Kurds became active and active in general against their Christian neighbors, Greeks, Assyrians and Armenians, to whom they had been mostly passive, stagnant and passive. The new spirit and activity brought about by this change are political, economic, administrative, scientific, literary, etc. in Kurdish society. breakthrough in many ways. Thus, the Kurdish population and influence increased in their geography. The Kurds began to be influential outside the geography they were in. The Kurds came to power in the form of kingdoms and principalities in places outside their own lands. So much so that shortly after the Kurds became Muslims, they established three separate states in the same century. With this political domination they established under the names Shaddadi, Hasanveyhi and Hamdani, the Kurds began to be influential from Western Iran to the Caucasus. The lands of Western Iran and the geography of Mesopotamia, which was later called the fertile crescent, thus became the domain of several independent Kurdish dynasties. The period between the 10th and 12th centuries in the political history of the central lands of Islam deserves to be called the Kurdish centuries of Islam. For it was the Kurds who defended the central lands of Islam against the Byzantines, the Russians, and finally the Crusaders. A large and extensive reconstruction and construction activity was initiated by these Kurdish administrations. Developments and experiences were gained in many fields such as administration, bureaucracy, urbanism, trade, military service, science and literature among the Kurds. During this period, Kurdish governments built many mosques, fountains, bridges, castles, observatories, inns, Turkish baths, madrasas and hospitals in the geography of Kurdistan. The madrasahs, which were established in the period of the first Kurdish authorities, which started with the adoption of the Islamic religion by the Kurds and became widespread in the Kurdish society, played an important role as the production sites of the new religion and the theoretical teaching of the Islamic civilization that developed and became widespread depending on this religion. In addition, these educational institutions played an important role in the formation of a standard written language in Kurdish and in the development of Kurdish literature. These madrasahs, which were established by the Kurdish authorities, referred to as Kurdish madrasahs and functioned as basic educational institutions, have been one of the main pillars of political, scientific and literary dev","PeriodicalId":134960,"journal":{"name":"humanities Journal of University of Zakho","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132447997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of integrating the systematic and visual approaches in acquiring the tenth grade students with physics concepts","authors":"Mohammad Sulaiman, A. Abdullah","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1118","url":null,"abstract":"The study aims to identify the effectiveness of integrating the systematic and visual approaches in acquiring the tenth grade students with physics concepts.The sample consisted of (142) male and female students who were deliberately selected from the research community in Zakho city for the academic year (2021-2022), then, they were divided into four equal groups in a number of variables according to the factorial design(2*2), two experimental groups (males, females) studied the subject according to the integration of the two entrances, and the other two controls (males, females) studied the same subject according to the usual method.\u0000In order to achieve the aim of the study and test its  main hypotheses and its fields, the researchers prepared  the first is a test to acquire physics concepts in its final form of (30) objective paragraphs of the two types of pairing and multiple choice of three alternatives, the tool was characterized by validity, stability and psychometric characteristics.\u0000After that, the researchers prepared a number of teaching plans for the experimental and control research groups, and then assigned the teaching of these groups to the subject’s teacher in the schools specified for the experiment. The results indicated as follows:\u0000\u0000There is a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the averages of the four research groups' acquisition of physics concepts according to the method variable and in favor of the two experimental groups.\u0000There is no statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the averages of the four research groups' acquisition of physics concepts according to the gender and the interaction between two variables.\u0000\u0000In the light of the study results, the researchers came out with a number of implementations and recommendations for further studies.","PeriodicalId":134960,"journal":{"name":"humanities Journal of University of Zakho","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123178280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"المركز القانوني لوكالات الأنباء وتأثير السياسة على عملها","authors":"عمار أنور صالح, بنستان دينو","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1215","url":null,"abstract":"تهدف وكالات الأنباء إلى إيصال المعلومة من مصادرها الأصلية وذلك من أجل تسهيل التدفق الأخباري ، حيث تعد وكالات الأنباء المورد الرئيسي للأخبار حول العالم، و يتجلى عملها في جمع الأخبار على مدار الساعة من خلال شبكة واسعة من الصحفيين والإعلاميين لجمع الأخبار وإرسالها إلى المركز الفرعي أو الرئيسي للوكالة لتتم معالجة وتحرير الأخبار والمعلومات، ويتم إرسالها إلى وسائل الإعلام المرئية والمسموعة والمقروءة ، ومن خلال هذا البحث تناولنا بالبحث المركز القانوني لوكالات الأنباء من خلال تعريف وكالات الأنباء وما تتمتع بها هذه الوكالات من حقوق وما تتحمله من التزامات عن طريق تحديد القواعد الدولية والداخلية المنظمة لحقوق والتزامات الوكالات، كما سوف نتطرق إلى المركز السياسي لوكالات الأنباء وتأثير السياسة عليها . وقد تبين لنا أنه ليس من السهولة إيجاد تعريف وافي وشامل لوكالات الأنباء والتعرف على النظام القانوني الذي يسري عليها، وذلك لأن تلك الوكالات تتخذ أشكالاً مختلفة عند التأسيس، فضلاً عن أن هذه الوكالات عادةً تنشئ أكثر من مركز رئيسي لكي تستطيع  أن تجمع الأخبار والصور بسهولة و تغطي أكبر مساحة ممكنة لتنفيذ أعمالها، لذلك عادةً ما  تكون مراكزها الرئيسية موزعة حول العالم، وهذا يؤدي بالنتيجة إلى عدم معرفة النظام القانوني الذي يسري على وكالات الأنباء الأجنبية، على غرار وكالات الأنباء المتعددة الجنسيات، ومن خلال البحث قدمنا مجموعة توصيات ومنها توصية المشرع العراقي بسن قانون خاص يعالج فيه مسألة عمل وكالات الأنباء الأجنبية، و يتطرق القانون إلى كيفية فتح فروع تلك الوكالات وتحديد حقوقها والتزاماتها هذه الوكالات، بالإضافة إلى معالجة تشغيل الصحفيين العراقيين وعقود عملهم في هذه الوكالات، حيث لا يوجد قانون يتطرق إلى هذه المسائل.","PeriodicalId":134960,"journal":{"name":"humanities Journal of University of Zakho","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125437254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The The Effect strategic administration of the activists and the advanced organization has achievement in the subject of history","authors":"Sherzad Ahmed, K. Aziz, Salam Abdullah","doi":"10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26436/hjuoz.2023.11.2.1081","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this  study is to  investigate the effect of  stimulants of cognitive strategy and advance organizers on the students’ learning achievement  from the Department of Social Sciences  at the subject of the medieval history of the Kurds  .  The study sample consisted of second year students at the Department of Social Sciences  Selecting such a sample of students is due to two reasons: the suitability of this stage and teaching the history of the Kurds in the Middle Ages in this stage. The researcher used a  quasi-experimental research design, where the research included three balanced groups (two experimental groups and one control group), the first experimental group received the material according to the strategy of cognitive stimulants, the second experimental group received the material according to the strategy of the  advance organizers, and the third group( control group) received the material according to the usual method, and each group consisted of  19 students  (males and females) .  The researcher  designed an achievement test based on the study. The study included 40 multiple-choice  items.  After administering the test and collecting data, the researcher used  SPSS software to analyze the data  . The results arrived at in this study showed that stimulants of cognitive  strategy was  a successful method for teaching history. The first  experimental group achieved better learning, and the strategy of advance organizers was successful and effective for history subjects among students of the Department of Social Sciences.","PeriodicalId":134960,"journal":{"name":"humanities Journal of University of Zakho","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133129899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}