IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia最新文献_第3页

Reappraisal of the Use of X-Rays in Acute Ankle and Midfoot Injuries. A Prospective Evaluation of the Ottawa Ankle Rules (OAR) in a Single Tertiary Trauma Centre 重新评估在急性踝关节和足中部损伤中使用 X 射线的情况。在一家三级创伤中心对渥太华踝关节规则（OAR）进行前瞻性评估

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2350

M. A. Sharifudin, Ramzi Ali Saleh Hussen, Mai Nurul Ashikin Taib, Amran Ahmed Shokri

{"title":"Reappraisal of the Use of X-Rays in Acute Ankle and Midfoot Injuries. A Prospective Evaluation of the Ottawa Ankle Rules (OAR) in a Single Tertiary Trauma Centre","authors":"M. A. Sharifudin, Ramzi Ali Saleh Hussen, Mai Nurul Ashikin Taib, Amran Ahmed Shokri","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2350","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Acute ankle and foot injuries commonly present to the emergency departments, often resulting in routine radiography referrals, despite the fact that less than 15% of cases exhibit clinically significant fractures. The OAR has been designed to reduce the number of unnecessary radiographs ordered for these patients. We evaluated the OAR for predicting ankle and midfoot fractures in a cohort of patients treated in a single tertiary trauma centre. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A prospective study was conducted in the emergency department and orthopaedic clinics of a tertiary trauma centre. 73 patients aged 18 years and older were recruited during a 12-month study period. Radiographs were performed for all patients after clinical evaluation findings were recorded. The main outcomes measured were sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and likelihood ratios (positive and negative) of the OAR. RESULTS: 41 patients had ankle injuries, 21 around the midfoot, and 11 within both areas. In detecting ankle fractures, OAR had a sensitivity of 100%, a specificity of 73.68%, and a negative predictive value of 100% compared to the detection of midfoot fractures (100%, 84.61%, and 100%, respectively). The OAR had the potential of reducing radiographs by 42.47%. CONCLUSION: OAR is an accurate and highly sensitive tool to detect ankle and midfoot fractures. The implementation would lead to a significant reduction in the request for radiographs without missing any clinically significant fractures, thus, reducing costs, radiation exposures, and waiting times.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140783149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Antibiotic Use in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study in Secondary Healthcare Hospitals in Kosovo 住院的 COVID-19 患者使用抗生素的普遍性：科索沃二级保健医院观察研究

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2351

I. Tolaj, H. Fejza, Fitim Alidema, Lirim Mustafa

{"title":"Prevalence of Antibiotic Use in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study in Secondary Healthcare Hospitals in Kosovo","authors":"I. Tolaj, H. Fejza, Fitim Alidema, Lirim Mustafa","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2351","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Globally, the high use of antibiotics among hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 has been reported despite evidence that bacterial coinfections are uncommon. This issue raised our concerns, as there was a report on high frequency of antibiotic resistant bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Thus, we conducted a study to determine the prevalence of antibiotic use for hospitalized acute COVID-19 infection in secondary healthcare hospitals in Kosovo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted among patients with acute COVID-19 admitted to secondary healthcare hospitals in Kosovo. A modified Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI) questionnaire was used to collect information in 460 COVID-19 PCR positive patients. RESULTS: All studied patients (100%) were treated with antibiotics. An empirical antibiotics were used to cover Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in 136 cases (29.6%), methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infections in 86 cases (18.7%), atypical pathogen in 174 cases (37.8%), and Pseudomonas infections in 48 cases (10.4%). The most frequently used antibiotics were ceftriaxone/cefotaxime plus macrolide (149 cases; 31%), ceftriaxone/cefotaxime plus quinolone (85 cases; 17.7%), and co-amoxiclav plus fluoroquinolone (78 cases; 16.3%). Imipenem was most frequently used in the ICU (64 cases; 13.3%). CONCLUSION: Despite the antibiotic guidelines clearly stated that antibiotics should only be used in confirmed case of secondary bacterial infections including the COVID-19 patients, our study revealed that the overused of antibiotics remained unchanged. As the misused and overused of antibacterial has been shown to accelerate the emergence and spread of antibacterial resistant, the inappropriate practice should be changed.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the Motives and Intention of Blood Donation during the Pandemic 了解大流行病期间的献血动机和意向

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2271

Junaidah Yusof, Sakinah Ab. Rahim, Sabariah Mohd Noor, S. Panatik, Wan Nurul Izza Wan Husin, Mohd Sharial Bungsu

{"title":"Understanding the Motives and Intention of Blood Donation during the Pandemic","authors":"Junaidah Yusof, Sakinah Ab. Rahim, Sabariah Mohd Noor, S. Panatik, Wan Nurul Izza Wan Husin, Mohd Sharial Bungsu","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2271","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: In every country, an adequate and reliable blood supply can be assured by a stable base of regular, voluntary, and unpaid blood donors. However, with the strike of COVID-19 around the world, fewer donors have come forward to donate blood since the government's movement control order. Therefore, to ensure the blood supply is always sufficient, this study discussed the Malaysians' motivation and intention to donate blood during the COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The structural focus group discussion was conducted among nine informants. The informants are classified into four groups, which are non, first-time, regular, and lapsed (repeated/occasional) blood donors. RESULTS: It indicated that the regular and lapsed group of blood donors were motivated by the satisfaction of donating blood. Meanwhile, first-time donors are motivated to donate blood because of extrinsic rewards. However, the donors attested that the movement control order restricted their movement to go to the blood transfusion center. On the other hand, the non-donor group admitted that they do intend to donate blood. Still, several factors such as work commitment, location, and fear of being infected by COVID-19, hold them from doing so. CONCLUSIONS: These findings will serve as insights for future blood donation disruption remediation, especially during unexpected situations, as well as the success of the Malaysian blood campaign.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140755615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Protective Mechanism Pathway of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum at High Dosage against Liver and Renal Damage in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats 大剂量肉桂对 STZ 诱导的糖尿病大鼠肝肾损伤的保护机制途径

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2359

Maisarah Abdul Mutalib, S. Ruhi, Mohamad Halim Mohamad Shariff, Win Win May, Dhani Ramachandran

{"title":"Protective Mechanism Pathway of Cinnamomum Zeylanicum at High Dosage against Liver and Renal Damage in STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats","authors":"Maisarah Abdul Mutalib, S. Ruhi, Mohamad Halim Mohamad Shariff, Win Win May, Dhani Ramachandran","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2359","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Cinnamon zeylanicum (CZ) bark is widely used as supplement for diabetic management, there are concerns about its safety and potential toxicity at high doses, and limited evidence to support its efficacy. To investigate this further, this study examines the effects of Cinnamon zeylanicum aqueous extract (CZAE) on various factors in diabetic rats, including body weight, blood glucose level, biochemical parameters, histological changes, and gene expression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the study, 30 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups of six animals each. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was induced in all groups except the negative control by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). The rats in the intervention groups (Groups C, D, and E) were given CZAE at 1000, 1500, and 2000 mg/kg, dose respectively, for 28 days. The body weight and fasting blood glucose were monitored weekly, and their liver and renal profiles were analyzed. Histology was assessed with hematoxylin and eosin stain, and apoptotic gene expression was examined in liver and renal tissues. RESULTS: The body weight of rats in intervention groups increased compared to the control group. There was a significant decrease (P<0.001) in blood glucose levels. The extract significantly reduced (P<0.05) liver biochemical markers in the intervention groups compared to the control group. The histology of the liver & kidney improved (p<0.001) with upregulated Bcl-2 and down-regulated BAX genes in preventing apoptosis in the intervention groups. CONCLUSIONS: High doses of CZAE are safe and effective for T2DM.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139124942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterisation of Human-Wildlife Conflict and Casualties Caused by Wildlife Attacks in Peninsular Malaysia 马来西亚半岛人与野生动物冲突的特点以及野生动物袭击造成的伤亡情况

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2283

Lim Qiu Xin, Siti Nor Assyuhada Mat Ghani, N. Rasudin, Noraini Abdul Ghafar, Nur Haslindawaty Abd Rashid, Dennis Choon Yung Ten, Salman Saaban, H. Edinur, Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah

{"title":"Characterisation of Human-Wildlife Conflict and Casualties Caused by Wildlife Attacks in Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"Lim Qiu Xin, Siti Nor Assyuhada Mat Ghani, N. Rasudin, Noraini Abdul Ghafar, Nur Haslindawaty Abd Rashid, Dennis Choon Yung Ten, Salman Saaban, H. Edinur, Mohd Tajuddin Abdullah","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2283","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: This study examines human-wildlife conflict (HWC) in Peninsular Malaysia, a consequence of human population expansion, natural resource demand, deforestation, resettlement, infrastructure development, urbanization, and agricultural land growth. We analyze HWC incidents and human casualty statistics from wildlife attacks recorded by the Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia, between 2011-2018 and 2008-2019, respectively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were collected on HWC cases reported to the Department of Wildlife and National Parks, Peninsular Malaysia (locally known as PERHILITAN), from 2011 to 2018. This data underwent processing, analysis, and presentation in tables and bar charts. RESULTS: There was an increasing trend in reported HWC cases from 2012 to 2018 (5,602 to 7,967 cases). The majority of these incidents in Peninsular Malaysia involved mammalian species such as the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis), wild boar (Sus scrofa), elephant (Elephas maximus), civets (Viverridae family), and pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), totaling 33,198, 6,614, 3,797, 3,219, and 2,232 cases respectively. Notably, snakes accounted for over 80% of fatalities and injuries. CONCLUSION: This report is the first to provide a comprehensive overview of HWC cases and casualties due to wildlife attacks in Peninsular Malaysia. Our findings highlight the urgent need for policy evaluation and improved inter-agency coordination for effective HWC management, wildlife conservation, and reduction of wildlife attack casualties","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139125231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Surgical outcome of Acoustic Neuroma Surgery in a Malaysian Tertiary Hospital 马来西亚一家三甲医院的听神经瘤手术结果

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2236

Siti Sarah Razak, Asma Abdullah, N. Hashim, Azizi Abu Bakar, R. Sutan, Abdullah Sani

{"title":"Surgical outcome of Acoustic Neuroma Surgery in a Malaysian Tertiary Hospital","authors":"Siti Sarah Razak, Asma Abdullah, N. Hashim, Azizi Abu Bakar, R. Sutan, Abdullah Sani","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2236","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Acoustic neuroma (AN) or vestibular schwannoma, is a benign, slow-growing tumour that arises from the Schwann cell of the vestibular branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve. Treatment options are mainly conservative or surgical excision. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics of AN and the surgical outcomes in a Malaysian tertiary hospital. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Records of 73 patients who were diagnosed with AN from January 2008 until December 2019 were retrieved. All patients were analyzed for demographic data and clinical characteristics. In all 52 patients underwent AN surgery and had normal preoperative facial nerve function. A descriptive analysis was used for the surgical outcomes of each patient. RESULTS: The median age of patients was 51.5 (15.8 SD). Hearing levels pre-operatively were severe to profound in 74.0% of the patients, followed by moderate to severe in 15.1%, mild to moderate in 6.8%, and mild hearing loss in 2.7%. Retrosigmoid (48.1%) was the most common surgical approach used, followed by translabyrinthine (44.2%) and middle cranial fossa (MCF) (7.7%). The translabyrinthine approach is associated with the least incidence of facial nerve paresis postoperatively (21.2%) when compared to the retrosigmoid and middle cranial fossa approaches (40.4%). However, there was no significant association between surgical approaches and facial nerve outcome (p=0.07). CONCLUSION: AN surgery is a safe procedure, regardless of the surgical approach used. There was a significant relationship between tumour size and facial nerve outcome.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139125490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Peritoneal Tuberculosis Mimicking Ovarian Malignancy 模仿卵巢恶性肿瘤的腹膜结核病

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2178

P. Hoo, Ahmad Amir Ismail, Nik R Afendi, Erinna Mohamad Zon, Mohd Pazudin Ismail, R. Rahim

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Horticultural Therapy on Increased Self-Esteem for Mental Disorders in the Community 园艺疗法对提高社区精神障碍患者自尊心的影响

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2337

Widyo Subagyo, Dyah Wahyuningsih

引用次数: 0

Subcutaneous Panniculitis-like T-cell Lymphoma: A Case Report of A Solved Conundrum 皮下泛发性T细胞淋巴瘤：疑难杂症的病例报告

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i01.1985

Khairul Bariah Chi Adam, Nabilah Rashida Jamali, Nor Adilah Harun, Nor Aszlitah Burhanudin, Asmah Hanim Hamdan

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Doxycycline on Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Levels in the Colon of Wistar Rats with Obstructive Ileus 强力霉素对阻塞性回肠Wistar大鼠结肠中基质金属蛋白酶-9水平的影响

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2370

Devby Ulfandi, Ibrahim Labeda, Erwin Syarifuddin, Andi Alfian Zainuddin, Muhammad Faruk

{"title":"The Effect of Doxycycline on Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Levels in the Colon of Wistar Rats with Obstructive Ileus","authors":"Devby Ulfandi, Ibrahim Labeda, Erwin Syarifuddin, Andi Alfian Zainuddin, Muhammad Faruk","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i01.2370","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Obstructive ileus after colonic anastomosis resection can increase leakage up to 2.5-fold. One possibility could be the extracellular matrix degradation, where matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) negatively influences anastomotic healing. This study aimed to determine the effect of doxycycline on MMP-9 levels in the colon of experimental rats with obstructive ileus. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 28 male Wistar rats were selected randomly in a post-test control-group design comprising: Group A - control group, Group B - group without obstructive ileus given doxycycline, Group C - group with obstructive ileus not given doxycycline, and Group D - group with obstructive ileus given doxycycline. Doxycycline was given at a dose of 30 mg/kg. Groups C and D underwent anastomotic resection 24 hours following obstructive ileus procedure. Groups A and B underwent anastomotic resection at the same time as Groups C and D. Colonic tissue was collected to examine MMP-9 levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were compared using Shapiro–Wilk tests, ANOVA, and Mann–Whitney U tests, and p<0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The results showed that the average MMP-9 levels increased with doxycycline treatment, [Group C (4.294 ± 0.226)], with significantly higher MMP-9 levels than Group A (1.017 ± 1.569, p<0.001). Group B did not differ significantly from Group A (p=0.848). MMP-9 levels differed significantly between Groups B and D (p<0.001), and between Groups C and D (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Oral administration of doxycycline can attenuate increasing MMP-9 levels in Wistar rats with obstructive ileus","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139125626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0