IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia最新文献

{"title":"A Brief Review of the Safe Management of COVID-19 Related Death and Its Control Strategies","authors":"Kay Ly Chng, N. Abdullah, Puteri Nurin Sabrina Mohamad Sabir, Sharafina Shaharin","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i1.2082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i1.2082","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease caused by a virus named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). With the increasing COVID-19 associated deaths, the infectivity and handling of the dead bodies associated with COVID-19 has become a worldwide concern in terms of spreading the infection further during handling of these bodies. As precaution, measures should be taken to contain the spread of infection while handling COVID-19 associated deaths. This review article aims to review the current management of COVID-19 associated deaths and control strategies in various countries which can guide medical examiners in handling the bodies including those with autopsy.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81042719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eruption Cyst of a Newborn and Review of the Management","authors":"Fadzlinda Baharin, Erinna Mohamad Zon","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i1.1907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i1.1907","url":null,"abstract":"Eruption cyst is a cyst associated with the unerupted tooth that is rarely found in a newborn or infant. We reported a case of a male infant who presented with an eruption cyst at birth in which has not caused any feeding or airway problem in him. A periodic monitoring was performed and spontaneous regression of the cystic lesion was observed within a month with the presence of a neonatal tooth .\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78175909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Covid-19 Pandemic: Help-seeking for Smoking Cessation among Adult Smokers in Malaysia during the Full Movement Control Order (FMCO)","authors":"M. H. Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Nik Mohamed, Yessy Octavia Misdi, Bee Seok Chua, Wanda Kiyah George Albert, Muhammad Faheem Mohd Dahlan","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i1.2164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i1.2164","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: In Malaysia, the annual death due to smoking habits recorded as more than 23 thousand yearly. Hence smoking cessation should be emphasized to reduce the annual mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study is to identify the help-seeking behavior in smoking cessation among adult smokers and to determine its influencing factors during the Full Movement Control Order (FMCO) in Malaysia. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Data were collected from cross-sectional surveys of Malaysian adult smokers. The questionnaire was distributed online through the official social media account of the Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOHM) which commenced from 31st May 2021 in conjunction with the World No Tobacco Day. A multivariate binomial logistic regression was employed to analyze the relationship model between the predictors with the help-seeking for smoking cessation. RESULT: Out of 2,545 Malaysian adult smokers who have responded, 2,303 were males (90.5% of respondents) with mean age(sd) of 34.82(8.11) years (18 to 77 years). Slightly half (n=1353, 53%) have reported seeking help for smoking cessation and (n=1468, 57.7%) reported being unaware of the quitline services. Factors, such as quit smoking attempt (OR; 1.844, 95% CI = 1.384-2.458), Covid-19 pandemic situation (OR; 1.841, 95% CI= 1.553-2.183), being married (OR: 1.279, 95% CI = 1.04-1.57), unaware about quitline services (OR; 0.660, 95% CI = 0.557-0.781), non-alcohol drinkers (OR; 0.658, 95% CI = 0.473-0.916) significantly predicted the behaviour of help-seeking for smoking cessation. CONCLUSION: The results of this study would potentially support public health efforts in Malaysia in further enhancing health promotion and education programs as well as further strengthen the policy towards quit smoking issues.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84739346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact factors in a Curriculum Vitae for scholarship application","authors":"H. Giang","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i1.1247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i1.1247","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Scholarship applicants often receive different advice on what should be included in their Curriculum Vitae (CV). This study aims to investigate what the essential components of a CV being prepared for scholarships are, how to present them, and what their level of impact is. Materials and Methods. The authors sent an online structured questionnaire to 7512 corresponding authors of recent published papers in Scopus; 124 completed questionnaires were returned. Recommended elements for a CV were chosen according to the Delphi consensus technique with a threshold of 50%. Results. This survey revealed that headings, bullet points and careful error checking were essential parts of the layout. For the content of the CV, besides publications, education and training background, research experience and research interest were also necessary. Moreover, almost all respondents ranked publications as the most important qualification of an academic scholarship candidate. Publications also came first as the most impressive factor, followed by awards and honours. The number of publications, quality of journal, impact factor and total citation should be presented in publication section. The importance of publications in getting academic scholarships is significantly emphasized in this recent study. Conclusions. Having research experience and papers in peer review journals, are highly recommended for students seeking academic scholarships.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82408239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity and Reliability of Malay Language Breast Cancer Awareness Scale for Male-to-Female Transgender","authors":"Hezlin Md Zin, S. Draman, S. E. Shalihin, Razman Mohd Rus, Akmal Azim Ahmad Alwi","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i1.2136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i1.2136","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The breast cancer risk among female transgender for those using hormonal therapy is emerging. However, most of them also engaged in breast implant procedures resembling female sexual characteristics and satisfaction without realizing the risk of cancer development. Thus, breast cancer risk assessment of female transgender in Malaysia should be further evaluated. This study aims to develop and validate an assessment tool in the Malay version to measure breast cancer awareness among female transgender in Malaysia. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study with a purposive sampling method was conducted among 300 respondents in Pahang, Kedah, and Kelantan. The minimum number of respondents required was 300 persons based on the Nunnally method, with an item ratio of 1:10. All the subjects were given questionnaires on sociodemographic data and breast cancer-related items, consisting of five domains; knowledge of symptoms and clinical features, breast cancer risk factors, breast screening programs, barriers in seeking medical help, and lastly, the confidence, skills and behaviour concerning breast self-examination. Each domain consists of five to seven items. All the responses are recorded as ‘Yes,’ ‘No,’ or ‘Not Sure’ responses. Reliability was determined using Cronbach’s alpha for internal consistency, while construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis. Results The reliability of the 28 items for Malay Version of Breast Cancer Awareness scale by Cronbach Alpha is 0.864, suggesting that the constructs are reliable and acceptable. In addition, the construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis highlights five meaningful domain. Conclusion This Malay language breast cancer awareness scale is a convenient self-assessment method, inexpensive and understandable which highlights common issues faced male-to-female transgender with targeted domains. In conclusion, this scale is valid and reliable by achievable internal consistency value of 0.864.\u0000 \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82447230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on the Role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptors in Human Papillomavirus-related Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"N. Zawawi, Muhammad Zulhilmi Ab Aziz, S. N. Mohd Nafi, Nurhayu Ab. Rahman","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i1.2212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i1.2212","url":null,"abstract":"Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a neoplasm at the epithelial lining of the oral cavity that is prevalent worldwide. Smoking tobacco and consumption of alcohol are the main risk factors for OSCC. However, human papillomavirus (HPV) could also be an aetiological factor for OSCC. Transmission through urogenital contact increases the risk of developing OSCC, especially in developed countries. HPV-related cancer displays different pathogenesis and clinical outcomes. HPV through its oncogene E6 and E7 play a critical role in carcinogenesis by disrupting the DNA repair mechanism and cell cycle. Increased expression of VEGF ligand in HPV-related cancer has been reported in numerous studies. In OSCC, VEGFRs, i.e., VEGFR-1, VEGFR-2, and VEGFR-3, are overexpressed, with a higher expression on VEGFR-2. In HPV-infected OSCC, HPV is associated with VEGF expression. However, VEGFRs show no such association. This review highlights the possible role of angiogenesis in the progression of HPV-related OSCC. Also, it discusses how VEGF/VEGFR regulated the angiogenic activity caused by the HPV infection. Data on VEGF/VEGFR associated with HPV status is limited, and their role in OSCC progression remains unclear. Elucidating the mechanism of angiogenesis in HPV-associated OSCC may help develop strategies for OSCC-targeted therapy.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74228270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of listening to Al-Quran recitation among uncontrolled hypertensive Muslim patient attending Primary Care Clinic in Kelantan, Malaysia: A randomised control trial","authors":"Assoc Prof Dr Nani Draman, D. Norwati, M. Bakar, Kartiniwati Ahmad","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v22i1.1806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v22i1.1806","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Prevalence of hypertension in Malaysia has been increasing over the years. Despite varieties of treatment, a large proportion of hypertensive patients still have uncontrolled blood pressure. Several non-pharmacological approaches have been used as non-pharmacological management to reduce blood pressure. This study intended to determine the effect of listening to Quran recitation on blood pressure among Muslim patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Material and Method: This study was a randomized controlled trial involving 202 Muslim patients with uncontrolled hypertension. They were randomly allocated to either listening to Quran recitation group or control group. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate were measured at baseline and after the intervention. Results: In the intervention group, the mean changes in systolic BP and diastolic BP were -5.9 and -3.8mmHg respectively while for heart rate was -4.06 bpm. In the control group, the mean changes in systolic BP and diastolic BP were -1.68 and -1.84 mmHg respectively while for heart rate was -1.39 bpm. ANCOVA analysis showed that the mean changes in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and heart rate between intervention and control group were statistically significant (P values = 0.001). Conclusions: This study showed a reduction of blood pressure immediately after listening to Quran recitation. However, a longer study on listening to Quran needs to be done to show a sustained decrease of BP of the patient.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"2014 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86687785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obstetric Outcomes of Obese Primigravida with Spontaneous Onset of Labour at Term","authors":"Sharifah Nurul Inas Syed Mohd Ridzuan, Hamizah Ismail, K. H. Abd Aziz, Nurkhairulnisa Abu Ishak, Aruku Naidu Apparau, Jumaida Abu Bakar","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v21i4.2104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v21i4.2104","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Obesity has reached pandemic level with higher prevalence among women. Obese pregnant women have higher risk of comorbidities, maternal and fetal complications. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vaginal delivery and pregnancy outcomes of obese primigravida presented with spontaneous labour at term. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary hospital in Perak involving 250 obese primigravida (BMI ≥27.5kg/m2) and 250 non-obese primigravida. Data collected from August 2020 till January 2021 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent T-test and Mann-Whitney U test by SPSS version 23.0. RESULTS: Our study found that there were no significant differences in the proportion of vaginal delivery and caesarean delivery between obese and non-obese primigravida [72.0% vs. 78% (vaginal delivery) and 28% vs. 22% (caesarean delivery)] with spontaneous onset of labour at term. No difference in complications of labour such as PPH and OASIS (p=0.187), with high successful delivery without complications. Obese women presented with cervical dilatation of 4cm had longer delivery interval [5.82(2.97) vs. 4.75(2.71), p=0.013] but shorter delivery interval at 6cm [2.41(1.58) vs. 3.61(1.78), p=0.026] compared to non-obese. They also had higher caesarean rate indicated for abnormal labour progress [28(71.8) vs. 11(28.2), p=0.019] and higher comorbidities [149(72.3) vs. 57(27.7), p=<0.001]. There was no difference in the fetal outcome (p=0.311). CONCLUSION: After careful selection, obese women with spontaneous labour at term are safe for vaginal delivery as they have similar risk of labour augmentation, duration of active labour, caesarean delivery, PPH and OASIS despite higher comorbidities.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87875461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review on Complete Freund’s Adjuvant-Induced Arthritic Rat Model: Factors Leading to its Success","authors":"Che Aishah Nazariah Ismail, Ain' Sabreena Mohd Noh, Dai Chuan Tan, Nurul Ajilah Mohamed Khir, N. Shafin","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v21i4.2026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v21i4.2026","url":null,"abstract":"Arthritis-induced adjuvant (AIA) is an established animal model reflecting several clinical manifestations of human arthritis. It provides more understanding of pathogenesis and pathways involved in arthritic development and for testing various treatment modalities. Complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) is one of the most known algogenic agents used to develop AIA rodent model. Its wide application increases understanding of CFA effects locally and systemically following adjuvant-containing mycobacterium exposure in-vivo. This study aims to review possible factors involved in producing a successful CFA-induced arthritic rat model. We conducted a review of previous studies to determine critical factors to be emphasized. Since arthritis can be classified as gout, osteoarthritis, and rheumatoid arthritis, among others, factors that should be assessed include different dosage and volume, injection site, remission, arthritic and animal gender, and strain selections to successfully develop an arthritic rat model.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83429906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MicroRNAs Expression Profile in Young Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction","authors":"Nurul Ashikin Muhammad Musa, N. Abdullah, Norlelawati A. Talib, Azarisman Shah Mohd. Shah, Aszrin Abdullah, A. M. Mohd. Shah","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v21i4.2108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v21i4.2108","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a severe coronary heart disease.   Targeted miRNAs studies implicated two main pathways in the regulation of AMI namely pro-apoptosis (miR-29b and miR-194-5p on PTEN) and pro-necroptosis (miR-325 & miR-105 on RIPK3 ) pathways. This study aims to profile the miRNAs in Healthy Controls, Young AMI, and Mature AMI patients with matching criteria. MATERIALS AND Methods: Total RNA was extracted from plasma and the miRNA expression profiling using small RNA was done on the BGISEQ500 SE5 sequencing platform with BGI sequencing libraries.  The sequence data were analysed using Gene Ontology (GO) to determine the function of the differently expressed genes, while Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were applied to identify the biological pathways in Young AMI against Mature AMI. Results: Of 1497 differentially expressed miRNAs, 1090 miRNAs were upregulated, and 407 miRNAs were downregulated in Young AMI against Mature AMI.  The top 10 upregulated miRNAs were miR-552, miR-4446-3p, miR-432-5p, miR-548j-5p, miR-219, miR-982, miR-181a-2-3p, miR-654-5p, miR-58 and miR-548k; while the top 10 downregulated were miR-16-5p, miR-1064, miR-431-5p, miR-790 miR-1177, miR-201, miR-105, miR-518, miR-419 and miR-1103.  There were 9 novel miRNAs discovered in this study; miR-58, miR-982, miR-548k, miR-1064, miR-790, miR-1177, miR-201, miR-419, and miR-1103.  The target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs that were mapped to the signal transduction pathway in KEGG indicated that 346 classes were enriched. Conclusion: Our miRNA profiling revealed differentially expressed miRNAs including 9 novel miRNAs in Young and Mature AMI that require further evaluations for their roles in AMI. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89461810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}