IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia最新文献_第2页

Association of Serum Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) and Gene Polymorphism with Some Valid Predictors for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients in Basra Province, Iraq 血清程序性细胞死亡蛋白 1 (PD-1) 和基因多态性与伊拉克巴士拉省系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE) 患者的一些有效预测指标的关系

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2478

Sadoun Abbas Alsalimi, A. J. Al-Fartosy

{"title":"Association of Serum Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1) and Gene Polymorphism with Some Valid Predictors for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Patients in Basra Province, Iraq","authors":"Sadoun Abbas Alsalimi, A. J. Al-Fartosy","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2478","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a systematic autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens and inflammation initiation. We aimed to examine the correlation between IL-18, IL-37, and PD-1, and the potential link between polymorphisms in the PD-1 gene located in intron-4 and the susceptibility to SLE. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 43 SLE and 53 healthy individuals. Blood samples were obtained and underwent biochemical examination. The polymorphisms were screened by amplifying the intron-4 of the PD-1 gene using particular primers and then verified through sequencing. RESULTS: Our findings demonstrated statistically significant positive correlations between IL-18, IL-37, and PD-1, while the AUC of the ROC curve is 0.985, 0.968, and 0.940, and cut-off concentration is ≥132.87, ≥62.98, and ≥169.02, respectively. Moreover, two separate SNPs (rs6705653 and rs41386349) were discovered within intron-4 of the PD-1 gene. The genotype AA of the +7499 (G/A) SNP was significantly related with an increased risk of SLE (OR=3.11, 95%CI=1.52–5.94, p-value=0.031). Additionally, the A allele was identified as a risk allele (OR=1.59, 95%CI=1.09–2.31, p-value=0.043). Nevertheless, our study didn’t find any noteworthy connection between the allele and genotype of the +7209 (C/T) polymorphism region of the PD-1 gene frequencies and the susceptibility to SLE. CONCLUSION: IL-18, IL-37, and PD-1 may play significant roles in SLE immune responses and processes. Furthermore, the sequencing examination of intron-4 within the PD-1 gene demonstrated a noteworthy correlation between the A allele and the AA genotypes of PD-1 +7499 (G/A) SNP presence with the increased SLE susceptibility.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Design and Usability Testing of a Web-Based Intervention Module for Obesity: CoPT Nutri Trail 肥胖症网络干预模块的设计和可用性测试：CoPT Nutri Trail

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2457

Norhasniza Yaacob, Amirah Ismail, Mohd Izwan Mahmud, Ruzita Abd Talib

{"title":"Design and Usability Testing of a Web-Based Intervention Module for Obesity: CoPT Nutri Trail","authors":"Norhasniza Yaacob, Amirah Ismail, Mohd Izwan Mahmud, Ruzita Abd Talib","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2457","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Online interventions have emerged as innovative solutions to address health issues, notably obesity, while minimizing the necessity for in-person interactions during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. There is urgency in designing and developing an appropriate online intervention module within a web-based application. This study aims to describe the design process and usability of the online Canteen Operators, Parents, and Teachers (CoPT Nutri Trail) module for an upcoming school-based obesity intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The design methodology consists of four phases: content development, design, web app development, and usability testing. The web application was designed to personalize usage for teachers, parents, and canteen operators to foster healthy environments for children. Thirteen experts, including teachers, nutritionists, and IT professionals, participated in the usability testing. RESULTS: All experts agreed that the design of the web application met the requirements of target users, requiring slight improvements in graphic design, language, and information elements. The web application tool was found acceptable, as the usability of alpha scores for all interface elements ranged from 68.2% to 86.6%, falling between good and very good scores. The content validation indices indicate good levels of validity (ranging from 0.83 to 1.00). CONCLUSION: The CoPT Nutri Trail web application is ready to be launched as a school-based intervention for obesity.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141713896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Physicochemical and Sensory Attributes of Trihoney Blend (Trigona sp., Apis mellifera, and Apis dorsata) for Enhanced Antioxidant Optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) 利用响应面方法学（RSM）优化三蜂蜜混合物（Trigona sp.、Apis mellifera 和 Apis dorsata）的理化和感官属性以增强抗氧化性

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2521

Ainin Azwani Abdul Rafa, Muhammad Ibrahim, N. Zakaria, Mohd Nur Nasyriq Anuar, Nur Aizura Mat Alewi, Radiah Abdul Ghani, F. A. Abdul Majid

{"title":"Physicochemical and Sensory Attributes of Trihoney Blend (Trigona sp., Apis mellifera, and Apis dorsata) for Enhanced Antioxidant Optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM)","authors":"Ainin Azwani Abdul Rafa, Muhammad Ibrahim, N. Zakaria, Mohd Nur Nasyriq Anuar, Nur Aizura Mat Alewi, Radiah Abdul Ghani, F. A. Abdul Majid","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2521","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: The therapeutic applications of honey products have been extensively studied, but the various combination of honeys as a high-antioxidant product has not been explored. This study aimed to develop an optimized three honey formulation (Trihoney) with maximal antioxidant potency and physicochemical characteristics, as well as favourable among panellists. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The three types of honey studied are; i) Trigona sp. honey (TH), ii) Apis mellifera honey (MH), and iii) Apis dorsata honey (DH). Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to design optimal Trihoney formulation for i) total phenolic content (TPC), ii) ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and iii) 2,2’-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. Proximate and nutrient analyses, such as moisture, protein, fibre, carbohydrate, sugar, and gross energy were also conducted. Additionally, sensory evaluation was carried out to support the findings. RESULTS: Based on RSM, three optimal Trihoney formulation were developed; i) Trihoney 1 (MH15:DH10:TH45), ii) Trihoney 2 (MH15:DH10:TH25), and iii) Trihoney 3 (MH15:DH10:TH15). Trihoney 1 was the most promising formulation, exhibiting the highest TPC (0.50 mg/GAE/g), remarkable values of FRAP (230.85 AAE/g) and DPPH (86.32%). Physicochemical and sugar analysis indicated that all values complied with permitted quality standards. MH received the highest overall acceptability scores based on sensory evaluation. CONCLUSION: These findings warrant further extensive investigation of Trihoney formulation in animal studies to support its efficacy as a valuable food supplement.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141706688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Use of Virtual Reality in Stable Sitting Trunk Rehabilitation for Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study 虚拟现实技术在脑卒中患者稳定坐姿康复中的应用：试点研究

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2493

Wai Teng, Alexander Tan, Muhammad Fauzinizam Razali, Zaidi Mohd Ripin, Ying Heng Yeo, Jia Yi Tay, Nur-Akasyah Jaafar, Mohamad Ikhwan Zaini Ridzwan, Ping Yi Chan, Hazwani Ahmad Yusof, Muhammad Hafiz Hanafi, Zetty Noreeta Mohd Rozali

{"title":"The Use of Virtual Reality in Stable Sitting Trunk Rehabilitation for Stroke Patients: A Pilot Study","authors":"Wai Teng, Alexander Tan, Muhammad Fauzinizam Razali, Zaidi Mohd Ripin, Ying Heng Yeo, Jia Yi Tay, Nur-Akasyah Jaafar, Mohamad Ikhwan Zaini Ridzwan, Ping Yi Chan, Hazwani Ahmad Yusof, Muhammad Hafiz Hanafi, Zetty Noreeta Mohd Rozali","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2493","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Virtual reality (VR) holds promise for stroke rehabilitation. However, many existing VR systems requires users to stand while playing, posing a potential falling risk for stroke patients. This study investigated the effects of a custom-developed VR system that focus on trunk rehabilitation in stable sitting position on muscle activities, postural control, and physiological cost compared to conventional trunk exercises in stroke patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional observational pilot study was conducted involving 12 paretic stroke subjects performing four exercises: two Conventional Trunk Exercises (CTE) and two VR-based Trunk Exercises (VRTE) using customized Tilt-The-Maze (self-paced) or Catch-The-Mole (game-paced) games. Muscle activity was measured using electromyography (EMG). Postural control data in the Anterior-Posterior (AP) and Medio-Lateral (ML) axes was recorded using a force plate, while the physiological cost was measured via a heart rate sensor during the exercises. RESULTS: The results indicated low muscle activity and light-intensity cardiovascular responses in all CTE and VRTE exercises. Game-paced VRTE recorded slightly higher Center of Pressure (CoP) velocity in the AP and ML axes versus CTE (AP:4.40±1.80 vs. 4.02±1.20 cm/s; ML:6.40±2.54 vs. 5.42±2.21 cm/s). In contrast, the self-paced VRTE showed an insignificant impact on postural control than both CTE and game-paced VRTE. CONCLUSION: The game-paced VRTE induced comparable effects on muscular activation, postural control, and physiological cost to that of CTE in stroke patients. The findings suggest the stable-sitting VR system as a supplementary approach to the existing trunk rehabilitation protocols for stroke patients.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"301 2‐3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141708164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experiences of Family Medicine Specialists in Providing Health Care for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Patients: A Qualitative Study in East Coast Peninsular Malaysia 家庭医学专家为女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和变性患者提供医疗服务的经验：马来西亚东海岸半岛的定性研究

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2487

Siti Noorfadhilah Mohd Amin, R. Muhamad, S. Draman, M. Mohd Zulkifli, S. Z. Syed Jaapar

{"title":"Experiences of Family Medicine Specialists in Providing Health Care for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Patients: A Qualitative Study in East Coast Peninsular Malaysia","authors":"Siti Noorfadhilah Mohd Amin, R. Muhamad, S. Draman, M. Mohd Zulkifli, S. Z. Syed Jaapar","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i03.2487","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) patients continue to report discrimination in healthcare setting despite the efforts of the primary healthcare offering community friendly services in Malaysia. This qualitative study aimed to provide understanding of this current issue and to explore the challenges that family medicine specialists (FMSs) from East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia face when dealing with LGBT patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 30 FMSs working in East Coast Peninsular Malaysia were interviewed through a phenomenological framework using semi-structured in-depth interviews of LGBT patients. The interviews were recorded in audio format, transcribed verbatim, and subjected to Braun and Clarke’s thematic analysis. We discerned common themes that can be elucidated through the lens of Leininger’s Theory of Culture Care (TCC) and the Sunrise Enabler Model (SEM). RESULTS: Three overlapping themes of the transcriptions were developed; (1) Multidimensional understanding of LGBT described how FMSs saw the LGBT community as diverging from societal norms, yet acknowledge their vulnerability as integral members of the society, (2) obstacles to providing culturally competent care stemmed from inadequate training, an unsupportive clinic environment, and the self-stigma experienced by patients, and (3) barriers to incorporating spiritual needs for holistic care arose in situations where there was insufficient spiritual health training or a preference to concentrate on physical and emotional well-being to uphold trust. CONCLUSION: The findings on this study reflect the need for proper training of healthcare personnel to deliver a holistic, culturally competent care for LGBT patients. A collaborative effort with relevant authorities is also needed to successfully overcome those challenges.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"36 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141716638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementation of Video Modeling Animation on Toilet Training Ability in Autism Spectrum Disorders 视频建模动画对自闭症谱系障碍患者如厕训练能力的影响

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2379

Septian Andriyani, S. T. Putri

{"title":"Implementation of Video Modeling Animation on Toilet Training Ability in Autism Spectrum Disorders","authors":"Septian Andriyani, S. T. Putri","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2379","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Toilet training is critical for the quality of life of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and other developmental disabilities. This is essential because an individual with ASD is often late to acquire these skills or fails to do so. This study aims to identify and analyze the implementation of animation video modeling (AVM) to improve toilet training abilities in children with autism spectrum disorders. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research uses a quantitative descriptive approach with an experimental research design using One Group Pretest Posttest Design. The pretest was carried out before the intervention, and the posttest was carried out after the AVM gave toilet training intervention. The sampling technique was in the form of total sampling, namely 50 children(43 boys and 7 girls) with autism. The research instrument was a checklist of statements. Data analysis using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test. RESULTS: The results showed that almost half of the ability levels of children with autism before being given AVM toilet training were in a suitable category, nearly half of the children with autism after being given treatment were in a good type with a p-value 0.011; there was a significant difference in the level of ability before and after given an AVM. CONCLUSION: AVM is one of the effective interventions to improve toilet training abilities in children with ASD. AVM can help children in the elimination process that can be done independently in improving the quality of life in children with autism.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"345 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140782812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Translation and Validation of the Malay Version of Modified Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (MVHS-M) for Assessment of Parental Vaccine Hesitancy 马来语版改良疫苗接种意愿量表（MVHS-M）的翻译和验证，用于评估家长的疫苗接种意愿

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2466

Nur Dalilah Mohd Zin, W. M. Z. Wan Mohammad, Y. Kueh, Nik Mohd Hafiz Mohd Fuzi

{"title":"Translation and Validation of the Malay Version of Modified Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (MVHS-M) for Assessment of Parental Vaccine Hesitancy","authors":"Nur Dalilah Mohd Zin, W. M. Z. Wan Mohammad, Y. Kueh, Nik Mohd Hafiz Mohd Fuzi","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2466","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Parental hesitancy towards routine childhood vaccines has been recognized as one of the public health threats. Since the uptake of child vaccination remains inconsistent, there is a need for a reliable and validated tool to measure this phenomenon. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at government health clinics in Kelantan between April 2023 to July 2023. A permission to use the original version of Modified Vaccine Hesitancy Scale (MVHS) was obtained and translated into the Malay version (MVHS-M) based on established guidelines. Parents who have at least one child aged 7 years or less were recruited by using systematic random sampling to validate the MVHS-M. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to confirm the latent domain, while reliability was measured by composite reliability and test-retest. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS Version 26 and Mplus version 8. RESULTS: A total of 270 parents who fulfilled the study criteria were selected and completed the survey. The CFA showed a good fit index: RMSEA = 0.057 (90% CI 0.031, 0.082), CFI = 0.970, TLI = 0.957, and SRMR = 0.031. The composite reliability for the domain \"lack of confidence\" was 0.93 (95% CI 0.91, 0.94), while the domain \"risk\" showed a reliability of 0.74 (95% CI 0.69, 0.79). The test-retest reliability, as measured by the Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC), was 0.77 (95% CI 0.59, 0.87), indicating good stability. CONCLUSION: MVHS-M is a valid and reliable tool that will be useful in identifying parental vaccine hesitancy in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140765187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In Vivo Studies of Lepidium meyenii or Maca in Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus and Other Metabolic Syndrome-Related Diseases- A Scoping Review 在糖尿病和其他代谢综合征相关疾病动物模型中使用麦角苷或玛咖的体内研究--范围综述

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2266

Najwa Hanim Othman, H. R. Ismawi, Maizura Mohd Zainudin, Azliana Abd. Fuaat

{"title":"In Vivo Studies of Lepidium meyenii or Maca in Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus and Other Metabolic Syndrome-Related Diseases- A Scoping Review","authors":"Najwa Hanim Othman, H. R. Ismawi, Maizura Mohd Zainudin, Azliana Abd. Fuaat","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2266","url":null,"abstract":"Lepidium meyenii or Maca is a Peruvian plant that belongs to the Brassicaceae family. Maca has various attributed health benefits due to the diversity of its bioactive compounds. Studies reveal that Maca is effective for many purposes including in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and other metabolic syndrome-related diseases. This review aims to uncover previously identified underlying anti-diabetic effects of Maca as well as its potential in the treatment of other conditions linked to metabolic syndrome in animal models in vivo. A scoping review of the literature was conducted using a protocol by Arksey and O’Malley. The protocol centred on the identification of research questions, identification and selection of relevant studies, data charting and collating, summarizing, and reporting the findings. Searches were conducted using Semantic Scholar, Scopus, PubMed Central, and ScienceDirect. Six studies were included in the review. The studies varied in terms of purpose, methodology, and detail of findings. They include the administration of Maca in different types of animal models and its effect on several biochemical parameters. There is fundamental scientific evidence from this review that supports the anti-diabetic properties of Maca in animal models of DM and other metabolic syndrome-related diseases. However, the scarcity of reports indicates the need for more rigorous studies in the future.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"180 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140761696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Psychosocial Factors Affecting Mental Well-Being of Dental Students: A Qualitative Study 影响牙科学生心理健康的社会心理因素：定性研究

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2260

S. Lim, Salizar Mohamed Ludin, Nor Mazlina Abu Bakar, Nadzirah Ahmad Basri

{"title":"Psychosocial Factors Affecting Mental Well-Being of Dental Students: A Qualitative Study","authors":"S. Lim, Salizar Mohamed Ludin, Nor Mazlina Abu Bakar, Nadzirah Ahmad Basri","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2260","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Dental students often faced high levels of mental distress which contributed to lower mental well-being. This has a negative impact on their health and academic performance. Many previous studies focused on students who were already in a 'diseased' state with little focus on students who are well but at risk of developing poor mental well-being. A better understanding of the factors affecting the mental well-being dental students is needed. This study was aimed to explore the factors associated with mental well-being of dental students and to identify steps to promote their mental well-being. MATERIALS & METHODS: In this qualitative study, individual interviews were conducted among undergraduate dental students using semi-structured interview guide. The interviews were recorded, transcribed via verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: The analysis revealed three main themes; i) Impression of dentistry, ii) Stressors and iii) Mental health experience. CONCLUSION: Undergraduate dental students often experienced low mental well-being due to the stressors they faced. Identifying the factors that influenced the mental well-being of dental students would allow for early intervention and fostering of mental well-being among dental students.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Antibiotic Use in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study in Secondary Healthcare Hospitals in Kosovo 住院的 COVID-19 患者使用抗生素的普遍性：科索沃二级保健医院观察研究

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2351

I. Tolaj, H. Fejza, Fitim Alidema, Lirim Mustafa

{"title":"Prevalence of Antibiotic Use in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study in Secondary Healthcare Hospitals in Kosovo","authors":"I. Tolaj, H. Fejza, Fitim Alidema, Lirim Mustafa","doi":"10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31436/imjm.v23i02.2351","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION: Globally, the high use of antibiotics among hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 has been reported despite evidence that bacterial coinfections are uncommon. This issue raised our concerns, as there was a report on high frequency of antibiotic resistant bacterial infections in COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Thus, we conducted a study to determine the prevalence of antibiotic use for hospitalized acute COVID-19 infection in secondary healthcare hospitals in Kosovo. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross sectional study was conducted among patients with acute COVID-19 admitted to secondary healthcare hospitals in Kosovo. A modified Infectious Diseases International Research Initiative (ID-IRI) questionnaire was used to collect information in 460 COVID-19 PCR positive patients. RESULTS: All studied patients (100%) were treated with antibiotics. An empirical antibiotics were used to cover Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in 136 cases (29.6%), methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) infections in 86 cases (18.7%), atypical pathogen in 174 cases (37.8%), and Pseudomonas infections in 48 cases (10.4%). The most frequently used antibiotics were ceftriaxone/cefotaxime plus macrolide (149 cases; 31%), ceftriaxone/cefotaxime plus quinolone (85 cases; 17.7%), and co-amoxiclav plus fluoroquinolone (78 cases; 16.3%). Imipenem was most frequently used in the ICU (64 cases; 13.3%). CONCLUSION: Despite the antibiotic guidelines clearly stated that antibiotics should only be used in confirmed case of secondary bacterial infections including the COVID-19 patients, our study revealed that the overused of antibiotics remained unchanged. As the misused and overused of antibacterial has been shown to accelerate the emergence and spread of antibacterial resistant, the inappropriate practice should be changed.","PeriodicalId":13474,"journal":{"name":"IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia","volume":"527 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0