In vivo最新文献

{"title":"Dexmedetomidine Up-regulates Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor <i>via</i> Nrf2 in a Mouse Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model.","authors":"Dongjoon Kim, Hyoin Hwang, Hyekyoung Shin, Yoonyoung Chung, Yong-Hyun Jun","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model is widely used to study stroke pathobiology. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has demonstrated neuroprotective effects in ischemic brain models. Previous studies have shown that nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression changes in the parietal cortex, which is supplied by the middle cerebral artery, after ischemic injury. While Nrf2 is known to regulate brain-derived neurotropic factor (BDNF) expression, its role in MCAO conditions has not been fully explored. This study aimed to investigate the effects of DEX on Nrf2 and BDNF expression in the parietal cortex following MCAO.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Mice were subjected to MCAO by inserting a silicone-coated suture into the common carotid artery. After 30 min, the suture was withdrawn to induce ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Cortical brain tissues were harvested three days post-injury. Western blot analysis was performed to measure BDNF protein expression. The expression levels of the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) Nrf2, pro-apoptotic protein (Bax), and anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) were analyzed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mRNA level of Nrf2 was significantly higher in the DEX group than in the MCAO group after three days of MCAO. BDNF protein expression (15 kDa) was also higher in the DEX group than in the MCAO group. Furthermore, Bax mRNA was lower, while Bcl-2 mRNA was higher in the DEX group than in the MCAO group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DEX treatment up-regulated Nrf2 expression, which was associated with increased BDNF expression three days after MCAO.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2609-2616"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infective Endocarditis and Valve Surgery in a Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patient Following Splenectomy: A Case Report with Immunological Analysis.","authors":"Chin Liu, Jeng-Wei Lu, Hsiao-Chen Liu, Yi-Jung Ho, Kuang-Yih Wang, Feng-Cheng Liu","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that leads to immune dysregulation and increased infection risk, especially with immunosuppressive therapies and surgical interventions like splenectomy. Immune monitoring in these patients is important. This case report aims to describe the immune changes in an SLE patient, who had received splenectomy, with infective endocarditis (IE) undergoing valve replacement surgery, focusing on immune cell dynamics and exhaustion markers.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 42-year-old Taiwanese man with SLE and recent splenectomy was diagnosed with IE caused by Staphylococcus aureus, requiring mitral valve replacement surgery. Immune profiling between infection and recover phase showed immune regulation and reconstruction with increased exhaustion markers (killer cell lectin-like receptor subfamily G member 1 (KLRG1), T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3 (Tim-3), programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)) in T cells, expanded regulatory T cells, increased plasmablasts, and decreased regulatory B cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SLE leads to significant immune dysregulation, making patients more susceptible to infections, especially when combined with immunosuppressive therapy. This case demonstrates dynamic changes in immune markers, such as KLRG1, Tim-3, and PD-1, following infection and surgery, highlighting the necessary for monitoring of immune function in SLE patients. Changes in T and B cell component emphasize the importance of tailored treatment strategies to keep immune imbalances in these patients. Ongoing research into immune tolerance and exhaustion mechanisms will be crucial for improving therapeutic outcomes in SLE.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"3025-3036"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robotic <i>Versus</i> Laparoscopic Pelvic Lymphadenectomy for Endometrial Cancer Under the Japanese Public Health Insurance System.","authors":"Hikaru Imatake, Kana Kawai, Yuka Matsumoto, Yuri Suminaga, Chihiro Nakai, Yuriko Tanabe, Naoya Kishimoto, Ikuko Emoto, Yasuaki Amano, Kaoru Abiko","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14078","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Surgery is the preferred treatment modality for endometrial cancer. In recent years, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has become increasingly popular, and in Japan, robotic surgery has been covered by national insurance in addition to laparoscopic surgery for apparent stage IA cases since 2018. We conducted a comparative analysis of laparoscopic and robotic surgeries, including pelvic lymphadenectomy for stage IA endometrial cancer, with the aim of evaluating the efficacy of robotic surgery.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted for patients who underwent MIS pelvic lymphadenectomy between January 2018 and December 2023. Sixty-nine patients who underwent robotic surgery and 29 who underwent laparoscopic surgery were included in the study. All the patients underwent total hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection, with preoperative diagnosis of stage 1A and G1-G2 endometrial cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Operative time was longer in the robotic group (median=316 <i>vs.</i> 272 min in the laparoscopic group, <i>p</i>=0.02). Intraoperative blood loss and postoperative hospital stay were lower in the robotic group (median blood loss: 0 <i>vs.</i> 50 ml for the laparoscopic group, <i>p</i><0.01; median postoperative hospital stay: 5 <i>vs.</i> 8 days for the laparoscopic group, <i>p</i><0.01). No statistically significant differences were found in the incidence of complications and recurrence between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This retrospective analysis suggests that robotic surgery is a feasible and safe procedure for total hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection in patients with preoperative diagnosis of stage IA and G1-G2 endometrial cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2794-2800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396043/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cantharidin Suppresses Cell Viability and Induces Apoptosis of SK-N-SH and SH-SY5Y Cells.","authors":"Jen-Sheng Pei, Hsu-Tung Lee, Chao-Chun Chen, Pei-Chen Hsu, Jaw-Chyun Chen, Te-Chun Hsia, Wen-Shin Chang, DA-Tian Bau, Chia-Wen Tsai","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Neuroblastoma (NBL) is a pediatric malignancy with high mortality, particularly within the first year of life. Cantharidin, a natural terpenoid derived from blister beetles, has shown anticancer activity against several malignancies; however, its effect on NBL remains unexplored. In this study, we evaluated the antiproliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of cantharidin on SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH NBL cell lines.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The cell viability and appearance of sub-G₁ were measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The alterations of apoptosis-related molecules were determined by western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MTT assays revealed that treatment with 5 and 10 μM cantharidin for 24 and 48 h significantly reduced viability of both SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells (all <i>p</i><0.05), with 10 μM for 48 h reducing viability by 65.3% and 72.3%, respectively. Flow cytometry showed that 10 μM cantharidin induced apoptosis of 51.0% of SH-SY5Y and 68.3% of SK-N-SH cells at 48 h (<i>p</i><0.05). Western blot analysis demonstrated increased expression of cleaved caspase-3, -8 and -9, and pro-apoptotic proteins BCL2-associated X (BAX) and BH3-interacting domain death agonist (BID), alongside reduced levels of anti-apoptotic BCL2 apoptosis regulator (BCL2) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (BCL-xL). Cytochrome c release was also elevated, confirming mitochondrial pathway involvement. Additionally, phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was significantly suppressed by 10 μM cantharidin at 48 h, suggesting JAK2 and STAT3 pathway inhibition contributes to apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings support the hypothesis that cantharidin induces apoptosis <i>via</i> both intrinsic and extrinsic pathways, as well as through suppression of the JAK2-STAT3 axis. Our results reveal that cantharidin holds significant promise as a multi-target therapeutic candidate for NBL, justifying additional <i>in vivo</i> validation and clinical translation efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2634-2645"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk Factors for Radiation Pneumonitis and a Prognostic Instrument for Very Elderly Patients With Lung Cancer.","authors":"Dirk Rades, Cansu Delikanli, Laura Doehring, Stefan Janssen, Sabine Bohnet, Elisa M Groh","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Elderly and very elderly patients with lung cancer have a comparably high risk of radiation pneumonitis (RP). Risk scores may help to identify these patients. We have developed a risk score for very elderly patients.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Nine characteristics were retrospectively investigated in 21 patients aged ≥80 years for associations with symptomatic RP. Characteristics achieving significance or showing a trend were incorporated in the score, which was compared to a previous tool without age limit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of RP was 33.3% and significantly associated with mean lung dose (MLD) >20 Gy. Trends were found for MLD >13 Gy and cardiovascular disease. Based on these characteristics, three risk groups were formed (2-5, 7-9, and 12 points). RP rates were 0.0%, 44.4%, and 100.0%. Positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values were both 100.0%. When using the previous score, PPV and NPV were 71.4% and 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Given the limitations of this study, the newly developed age-specific risk score appears to be a valuable tool for identifying very elderly lung cancer patients at high or low risk of radiation pneumonitis, and may offer improved predictive performance over previously established models.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2818-2823"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glatiramer Acetate Reduces Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and Myocardial Infarction.","authors":"Steven Lehrer, Peter H Rheinstein","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14001","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The aim of the present study was to investigate on the repurposing of glatiramer acetate (GA), a drug traditionally used to treat multiple sclerosis, as well as explore GA potential to treat cardiac ischemia in rodent models. It has been shown that GA exerts immunomodulatory effects that reduced inflammation and increased repair of heart tissue following myocardial infarction (MI) in mice and rats. GA has been shown to enhance cardiac function by promoting angiogenesis, reducing scar tissue, and protecting cardiomyocytes from ischemic damage.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Risteys/FinnGen and MedWatch/OpenVigil data were used to assess the effects of GA on the heart.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was significantly less ischemic heart disease (p<0.001, Fisher's exact test) and cardiovascular disease (p<0.001) in 457 subjects with MS who used GA in Risteys/FinnGen. Analysis of MedWatch/OpenVigil data showed a significantly reduced risk of acute MI in individuals using GA, with a proportional reporting ratio (PRR) of 0.101, indicating statistical significance at the 95% confidence level. Additionally, analysis of MedWatch/OpenVigil data indicated a decreased risk of cardiovascular disease in GA users, with a PRR of 0.345, reaching statistical significance at the 95% confidence level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite rare adverse cardiovascular side-effects and given its established safety profile, GA shows promise as a novel treatment option for heart disease. Further studies could lead to an important new use of GA especially in patients who do not receive tissue plasminogen activator within the first few hours following an MI.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2066-2072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223661/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Thyroid Dose on Radiation-induced Hypothyroidism in Early Glottic Cancer Patients Undergoing Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy.","authors":"Hae Jin Park, Taeryool Koo, Kwang-Ho Cheong, Me Yeon Lee, Hyeon Kang Koh, Younghee Park","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14038","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>To evaluate the incidence of radiation-induced hypothyroidism (RIHT) and its association with thyroid dose in patients undergoing volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) for early glottic cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed 23 patients with early glottic cancer who received VMAT between 2018 and 2023. All included patients had normal baseline thyroid function tests. RIHT was defined as an increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone levels with or without a decrease in free-T4 or T3 levels. Dose-volume parameters (DVPs) of the thyroid gland, including mean dose and the relative thyroid volume receiving at least 10-60 Gy (V_10Gy-V_60Gy), were analyzed for correlation with RIHT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up time was 36.4 months, during which all patients survived. The 1-year and 3-year local failure-free survival rates were 91.3% and 82.4%, respectively. The median mean dose was 25.2 Gy. RIHT developed in five patients (21.7%), with a median onset time of 16.7 months after VMAT. Among them, one patient received thyroid hormone therapy. Among the DVPs, V_10Gy>70% was significantly associated with a higher risk of RIHT. The 2-year rates of RIHT were 6.2% in patients with V_10Gy≤70% and 44.4% in patients with V_10Gy>70% (<i>p</i>=0.006). Age and underlying diseases were not associated with RIHT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A considerable proportion of patients developed RIHT after VMAT for early glottic cancer. The thyroid gland should be recognized as an important organ at risk. For VMAT planning, V_10Gy may serve as a useful optimization constraint.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2397-2404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of MMP-11 Genotypes With Colorectal Cancer in Taiwan.","authors":"Tao-Wei Ke, Ming-Hsien Wu, Ying-Jing Chen, Te-Cheng Yueh, Hou-Yu Shih, Yu-Chen Chang, Yun-Chi Wang, Chia-Wen Tsai, DA-Tian Bau, Wen-Shin Chang","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13988","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Matrix metalloproteinase-11 (MMP-11) is a member of the MMP enzyme family, known for its critical function in extracellular matrix turnover and tissue restructuring. This study aimed to investigate the potential associations between four <i>MMP-11</i> single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)-rs738791, rs2267029, rs738792, and rs28382575-and colorectal cancer (CRC) susceptibility in a Taiwanese cohort.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 362 CRC patients and non-cancer controls were genotyped using the restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The distribution of genotypes and alleles was assessed, and conformity to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was confirmed for all examined loci (<i>p</i>>0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences were observed in the genotype frequencies of <i>MMP-11</i> rs738791, rs2267029, rs738792, or rs28382575 between CRC patients and healthy controls (<i>p</i> for trend=0.8640, 0.6638, 0.3275, and 0.8051, respectively). Allelic analyses further revealed lack of associations with CRC risk regarding rs738791 T allele (OR=1.06, 95%CI=0.85-1.32, <i>p</i>=0.6550), rs2267029 A allele (OR=1.11, 95%CI=0.88-1.40, <i>p</i>=0.4073), rs738792 C allele (OR=1.02, 95%CI=0.81-1.29, <i>p</i>=0.9055), and rs28382575 C allele (OR=1.17, 95% CI=0.67-2.04, <i>p</i>=0.6718). Interestingly, individuals carrying the CT or TT genotypes of rs738791 were more likely to present with larger tumor sizes (≥5 cm, <i>p</i>=0.0298) and absence of metastasis (<i>p</i>=0.0218). Moreover, the AG or AA genotypes of rs2267029 were significantly associated with advanced clinical stages (III-IV, <i>p</i>=0.0007).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the investigated <i>MMP-11</i> polymorphisms were not associated with CRC susceptibility, the rs738791 and rs2267029 variant genotypes may serve as potential prognostic biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"1891-1901"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Catalyst⁺ HD System Under Varying Postural, Couch Angle, and Isocenter Conditions in Intracranial Stereotactic Irradiation.","authors":"Tenyoh Suzuki, Shingo Ohira, Yusaku Imanishi, Yukari Yamaguchi, Yuki Nozawa, Takeshi Ohta, Takuya Hayashi, Masanari Minamitani, Atsuto Katano, Hideomi Yamashita, Keiichi Nakagawa","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13991","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study assessed the positional detection accuracy of the Catalyst⁺ HD system for intracranial stereotactic irradiation (STI) under clinically relevant conditions, including variations in head posture, isocenter position, and couch angle.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An anthropomorphic head phantom was used to simulate three head postures, chin-up, neutral, and chin-down, each stabilized with a corresponding thermoplastic mask. Seven isocenter positions were defined: one central position and six offset positions, each 5 cm away in a cardinal direction. Treatment plans incorporated multiple couch angles (0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°). The Catalyst⁺ HD system's accuracy was evaluated by comparing its detected displacements to predefined shifts applied using a HexaPOD evo RT system. Translational shifts of ±3 mm and rotational shifts of ±2° were introduced. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Under standard conditions (neutral posture, central isocenter, and 0° couch angle), the system demonstrated submillimeter accuracy (mean translational error: 0.08 mm; mean rotational error: 0.12°). Detection errors were significantly larger in the chin-up posture compared to the neutral posture (<i>p</i>=0.028). Similarly, a superior isocenter position resulted in considerably larger errors (<i>p</i>=0.026). A couch rotation of 30° led to a significant increase in error, whereas other couch angles maintained high precision.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Catalyst⁺ HD system exhibits high accuracy for intracranial STI under most tested conditions. However, to optimize performance and accuracy, configurations involving a chin-up posture or a superior isocenter position should be avoided.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"1924-1931"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying the Primary Tumor Site and Distinguishing False-positives in Patients With Elevated Serum Carcinoembryonic Antigen.","authors":"Hiroaki Satoh, Takumi Sakamoto, Yutaka Takahashi, Kunihiko Miyazaki, Satoshi Inagawa","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14035","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a tumor marker that is frequently evaluated clinically for gastrointestinal and lung cancers. CEA is a glycoprotein antigen, and only the \"value\" measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is provided in the clinical setting. At present, no method has been established to indicate whether the value is a false-positive elevation or whether there is a primary cancer site. To obtain clues on how to identify the originating site in patients with cancer with high CEA levels and to identify CEA false-positives in healthy individuals, we conducted an exploratory study.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A pilot study was performed using the multivariate analysis method and principal component analysis-discriminant analysis on proteomic results obtained using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) in two patients with lung cancer, one patient with gastric cancer, and one healthy control individual.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No differences in specific proteins associated with high CEA levels were detected between lung and gastric cancers using LC/MS. Therefore, we performed statistical analysis using principal component analysis-discriminant analysis to determine whether there were differences in the protein signal patterns obtained using LC/MS. The results showed that the plots obtained for each patient and the healthy control were located in different quadrants of the four-quadrant matrix scatter plot.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest the possibility of visually differentiating the primary tumor site in patients with elevated CEA levels. This method may also help recognize false-positive CEA results.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 4","pages":"2371-2376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12223601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144511808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}