In vivo最新文献

{"title":"Pain and Analgesic Doses <i>Versus</i> Free Interleukin 18 (IL-18F) Blood Levels Following Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study of Patients With Minilaparotomy Cholecystectomy <i>Versus</i> Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.","authors":"Matti Eskelinen, Viivi Kuosmanen, Tuomas Selander, Kai Kaarniranta, Iina Saimanen, Maaret Eskelinen","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14435","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14435","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Cytokines (CYT) are regulators of the acute phase immune response (APR) to inflammation and trauma. The purpose of this work was to assess blood level correlations of various CYTs; interleukin-18 (IL-18), IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP), free interleukin 18 (IL-18F) <i>versus</i> numerical rating pain scale (NRS) and number of analgesic doses (NAD) following surgery in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) or minilaparotomy cholecystectomy (MC).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Blood levels of IL-18, IL-18BP, IL-18F and five CYTs were determined and the NRS pain surveys were performed preoperatively (PRE) and postoperatively (POP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IL-18F blood levels correlated to IL-18 (<i>r</i>=0.92, <i>p</i><0.001), IL-18BP (r=-0.260, <i>p</i><0.001), Caspase-1 (r=0.64, <i>p</i><0.001), catalase (r=0.13, <i>p</i><0.04), and nitrotyrosine (<i>r</i>=-0.16, <i>p</i>=0.01) blood levels. The IL-18F blood levels increased at POP and the increase between PRE and POP2 blood levels (632 <i>versus</i> 739) was significant (<i>p</i><0.01). Moreover, the IL-18F and IL-18BP levels correlated significantly to NRS pain scales (r=-0.16, <i>p</i>=0.02 and r=0.17, <i>p</i>=0.02, respectively) and to the NAD levels (r=-0.20, <i>p</i>=0.016 and r=-0.16, <i>p</i>=0.05, respectively) in patients with cholecystectomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first report to demonstrate that postoperative IL-18F levels are significantly associated with NRS pain scores and the number of analgesic doses in patients undergoing cholecystectomy. These findings suggest that IL-18F and IL-18BP may contribute to the acute-phase immune response to surgical trauma and its relationship with postoperative pain and analgesic requirements.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"40 5","pages":"2855-2863"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13539523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Risk of Asthma in Children After Appendectomy: A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study.","authors":"Hsin-Ju Tsai, Yen-Chu Huang, Yu-Hsun Wang, Chieh-Chung Lin, Meng-Che Wu, James Cheng-Chung Wei","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14451","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Appendectomy is a frequently performed surgical procedure, but its impact on immune function and gut microbiota remains unclear. Asthma, a chronic disease common in childhood, is linked to dysbiosis and immune dysregulation. This study aimed to assess asthma risk in children following appendectomy.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We analyzed 3,848 patients who had undergone appendectomy between 2000 and 2018 from Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database and matched them with 15,392 patients who had not undergone appendectomy. Propensity score-matching balanced age and sex at a 1:4 ratio. Multiple Cox regression and subgroup analysis were performed to investigate the relative risk of developing asthma following appendectomy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adjusted for age and sex, appendectomy patients had a higher asthma risk [relative risk=1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.01-1.50; <i>p</i>=0.036]. Subgroup analysis showed that the risk of asthma following appendectomy was significantly higher in patients aged 12-18 years [hazard ratio (HR)=1.31, 95% CI=1.01-1.70; <i>p</i>=0.044] and in those with suburban residency (HR=1.49, 95% CI=1.08-2.05, <i>p</i>=0.015). Conversely, sex and family income did not significantly affect asthma risk. Furthermore, asthma risk did not significantly vary by follow-up duration (<1 year HR=1.58, <i>p</i>=0.090; 1-5 years HR=1.25, <i>p</i>=0.167; >5 years HR=1.11, <i>p</i>=0.488).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings underscore the potential for the absence of the vermiform appendix to be associated with an increased risk of developing asthma, particularly in those aged 12-18 years. Pediatricians should be mindful of the possibility of asthma in children who have undergone appendectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"40 5","pages":"3023-3032"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531100/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Computed Tomography-derived Surface Monitoring for Accurate Cancer Radiotherapy Setup.","authors":"Hajime Oyoshi, Kazuto Kano, Kenji Hotta, Kouta Hirotaki","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14432","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14432","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Surface-guided radiation therapy (SGRT) is being increasingly applied in cancer radiotherapy to support markerless setup, respiratory management, and intrafraction surface monitoring. When computed tomography (CT)-derived digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) surfaces are imported into SGRT systems, the CT threshold used for external-contour generation may introduce systematic online delta values following image-guided setup correction. This phantom-based study investigated practical CT-threshold selection for accurate AlignRT-guided surface monitoring in cancer radiotherapy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Two independent TrueBeam-AlignRT configurations were considered, one equipped with HD cameras and the other with Horizon cameras, using a cube phantom and an anthropomorphic thoracic phantom. External contours were generated for CT thresholds from -150 to -750 Hounsfield units (HU) in 100-HU increments. Following a cone-beam CT-based setup process and six-degree-of-freedom correction, DICOM surface selection was performed. AlignRT real-time delta values were recorded 2-5 s after surface selection. Additional technical analyses assessed the delta-value dependence on the treatment planning system, field-of-view/in-plane pixel size, and CT acquisition position under restricted conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Variation of the CT threshold had little apparent effect on the lateral and longitudinal delta values; however, the vertical delta values were more threshold-dependent. Lower thresholds, particularly of -550 to -750 HU, generally produced smaller vertical delta values. For the cube phantom and both system configurations, a -650-HU threshold yielded the smallest vertical delta value. For the thoracic phantom, comparable performance was observed for thresholds of -550, -650, and -750 HU; thus, a single universal optimum could not be defined.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CT-threshold selection influences CT-derived DICOM surface generation for AlignRT-guided cancer radiotherapy, particularly in the vertical direction. A threshold of approximately -650 HU may be a practical starting point for similar workflows; however, institution-specific commissioning is required before clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"40 5","pages":"2808-2819"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Impact of Albumin-Bilirubin (ALBI) Score in Patients With Recurrent Esophageal Cancer After Curative Treatment.","authors":"Taiichi Kawabe, Toru Aoyama, Itaru Hashimoto, Yukio Maezawa, Sho Sato, Takashi Kosaka, Miki Kayashima, Maki Takagi, Kohei Sekiguchi, Kiyoko Shimada, Naoko Okuda, Momoko Fukuda, Masaki Takahashi, Mihwa Ju, Natsumi Kamiya, Yosuke Atsumi, Keisuke Kazama, Nobuhiro Sugano, Ayako Tamagawa, Aya Saito, Takaki Yoshikawa, Norio Yukawa","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14454","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>The albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score, which evaluates pretreatment liver function, has been reported as a prognostic factor in several malignancies. We conducted a retrospective study to clarify the prognostic impact of the ALBI score in patients with recurrent esophageal cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively reviewed the medical records and data of consecutive patients with recurrent esophageal cancer who received treatment, including best supportive care, at Yokohama City University from 2005 to 2022. The primary endpoint of the present study was overall survival (OS) after recurrence. The secondary endpoint was the association between the ALBI score and the treatment course after recurrence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ninety patients were eligible for the present study. The median overall survival was 10.4 months (95% confidence interval=4.9-15.8 months). Based on previous studies and exploratory analyses of 1- and 3-year OS, the ALBI score cut-off was set at -2.80. The 90 patients were divided into the ALBI-low (ALBI score <-2.80, n=29) and ALBI-high (ALBI score ≥-2.80, n=61) groups. The 1- and 3-year OS rates were 70.9% and 40.8% in the ALBI-low group and 35.5% and 13.7% in the ALBI-high group, respectively (<i>p</i>=0.007). In the multivariate analysis, the ALBI score was an independent prognostic factor for OS (hazard ratio=2.046, 95% confidence interval=1.164-3.594, <i>p</i>=0.013). The first-line treatment rate tended to be higher in the ALBI-low group than in the ALBI-high group [89.7% (26/29) <i>vs</i>. 73.8% (45/61), <i>p</i>=0.084].</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The ALBI score may be a promising prognostic factor for patients with recurrent esophageal cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"40 5","pages":"3056-3064"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT-guided Preoperative Localization of Impalpable Pulmonary Nodules: Comparison Between Two Devices.","authors":"Giulio Barbiero, Michele Battistel, Stefano Groff, Chiara Giraudo, Elisabetta Balestro, Fiorella Calabrese, Marco Mammana, Andrea Dell'amore","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14438","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>To compare two different devices for computed tomography (CT)-guided preoperative localization of impalpable pulmonary nodules in terms of effectiveness, technical and clinical success and complications rate.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>CT-guided preoperative localization procedures of small or ground glass (<i>i.e.</i>, impalpable) pulmonary nodules performed in our center from April 2018 to December 2021 before lung resection with video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) were retrospectively analyzed. Two different markers were used: spiral-wire (SpW) and hydrogel plug (HyP). For each nodule the density, size and pleural distance were evaluated. Technical (correct CT-guided positioning of the marker) and clinical (its correct localization in VATS) success were assessed for each device. Complications as displacement, pneumothorax and parenchymal hemorrhage (PH) were registered. Statistical analysis was made by Chi-square, Wilcoxon and Fisher tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-five consecutive patients (46/39 males/female; mean age 42 years, range=4-80 years) with 85 pulmonary nodules (maximum diameter: 8.5±6.4 mm in the SpW group and 17.0±4.2 mm in the HyP group) underwent preoperative CT-guided localization with SpW (65/85, 76.5%) or HyP (20/85, 23.5%) device. Correct CT-guided landmark positioning was obtained in 100% of cases. VATS revealed 4/65 (6.2%) cases of marker displacement in the SpW group and 3/17 (17.6%) cases in the HyP group (<i>p</i>=0.0353). Pneumothorax occurred in 40/65 (61.5%) cases in the SpW group and in 11/20 (55.0%) cases in the HyP group (<i>p</i>=0.602); no drainage tube was needed. PH occurred in 34/65 (52.3%) cases in SpW group and in 14/20 (70.0%) cases in HyP group (<i>p</i>=0.0163).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both markers are effective for the preoperative localization of impalpable pulmonary nodules in VATS. SpW seems to be slightly more stable and safer than HyP lung marker in relation to the displacement and PH rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"40 5","pages":"2881-2893"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TROP2 Expression in Bladder Transurethral Resection Specimens: Correlation With Histological Grade and Survival.","authors":"Özgecan Gündoğar, Sibel Bektaş, Burak Arslan, Pelin Akbaş","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14462","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14462","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>TROP2 has become a therapeutic target in urothelial carcinoma following the approval of TROP2-directed antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), yet its expression in transurethral resection (TURBT) material remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to evaluate TROP2 protein expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in bladder TURBT samples and to investigate its association with histological grade, tumor stage, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), carcinoma in situ (CIS), recurrence, and survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 79 bladder TURBT specimens were included. Histological grading was performed according to the WHO/ISUP two-tier classification system (low grade / high grade) and pathological staging was based on the AJCC/UICC TNM Classification, 8th edition. TROP2 expression was assessed using IHC and quantified using the H-score method. Statistical analyses were performed using the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> and Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman's correlation analysis, receiver operating characteristic analysis, Kaplan-Meier estimates with log-rank tests, and Cox proportional hazards regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age was 65.87±11.46 years (91.1% male). Mean TROP2 H-score was 173.99±48.15 (median 160.0; range 30-280). A significant negative correlation was identified between TROP2 and histological grade (rho=-0.410; <i>p</i>=0.0003); median H-scores were 200.0 in low-grade <i>versus</i> 150.0 in high-grade tumors. Receiver operating characteristic analysis yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.736 (sensitivity 92.3%, specificity 45.0%; cut-off 200). No significant association was found with pT stage, LVI, CIS, recurrence, disease-free survival (log-rank <i>p</i>=0.886), or overall survival (log-rank <i>p</i>=0.752). Cox regression confirmed no independent prognostic effect on survival.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TROP2 inversely correlates with histological grade in bladder TURBT specimens (AUC=0.736) and may guide pathologists in diagnostically challenging cases - limited tissue, cautery artifact, or incomplete resection - where a low H-score suggests high-grade disease. TROP2 may complement WHO/ISUP grading and serve as a candidate predictive biomarker for TROP2-targeted ADC therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"40 5","pages":"3137-3145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of PI-RADS During Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer on Pathological Findings at Repeat Biopsy.","authors":"Yoichiro Tohi, Kenichi Tanaka, Takuma Kato, Kengo Fujiwara, Asuka Kaji, Satoshi Harada, Kana Kohashiguchi, Yohei Abe, Hirohito Naito, Homare Okazoe, Rikiya Taoka, Nobufumi Ueda, Yoshihiro Nishiyama, Mikio Sugimoto","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14448","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study aimed to determine whether lesion visibility on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predicts rebiopsy outcomes during active surveillance for prostate cancer.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed data from 111 patients enrolled in the Prostate Cancer Research International Active Surveillance study (Japan) at Kagawa University (January 2010-February 2025). After excluding 19 patients who discontinued active surveillance within one year, 92 patients were included in the analysis. MRI findings were classified as visible [Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) score ≥3] or invisible (score ≤2). We assessed the association between visibility and rebiopsy outcomes, defined as reclassification progression beyond active surveillance criteria or no cancer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MRI was performed at diagnosis in 32.6% (n=32) of patients, at one year in 37.0% (n=34), and at four years in 47.7% (n=21). Lesion visibility at diagnosis was not associated with continuation of active surveillance compared with invisibility [median 43 months, 95% confidence interval (12-not available) <i>vs</i>. not available (17-not available), <i>p</i>=0.404]. However, at the 1-year rebiopsy, reclassification occurred significantly more frequently in patients with visible lesions than in those with invisible lesions (42.1% <i>vs</i>. 7.1%, <i>p</i>=0.047). Conversely, no cancer was more common in patients with invisible lesions (50.0% <i>vs</i>. 10.5%, <i>p</i>=0.019).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At one year, a PI-RADS score ≥3 was associated with a higher risk of reclassification, whereas a score ≤2 was associated with a greater likelihood of no cancer on rebiopsy. These findings highlight the prognostic value of MRI in guiding active surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"40 5","pages":"2994-3002"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148849914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of Lower Neck Sparing in Postoperative Radiotherapy for Parotid Gland Cancer.","authors":"Hyeon Kang Koh, Taeryool Koo, Kwang-Ho Cheong, Me Yeon Lee, Younghee Park, Hae Jin Park, Kyoung Ju Kim, Soah Park, Taejin Han, Sei-Kwon Kang, Boram Ha, Jai-Woong Yoon, Me Young Kim, Hoonsik Bae","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14447","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>To analyze failure patterns and evaluate the clinical necessity of lower neck irradiation (LNI) during elective neck irradiation (ENI) in patients with parotid gland cancers (PGCs).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Forty patients with PGCs who received postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) following parotidectomy between 2006 and 2024 were included. LNI was defined as the elective inclusion of neck levels III and IV in the irradiated field. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), while secondary endpoints included local-regional failure-free survival (LRFFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), and overall survival (OS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median follow-up time was 68.7 months. Among the 40 patients, 19 (47.5%) received LNI as part of their PORT. Five-year rates of LRFFS, DMFS, OS, and PFS were 91.2%, 80.2%, 88.7%, and 76.3%, respectively. While LNI showed no significant association with survival outcomes, multivariate analysis confirmed that perineural invasion (PNI) was a significant prognostic factor for PFS [hazard ratio (HR)=5.17, <i>p</i>=0.028], OS (HR=7.97, <i>p</i>=0.017), and DMFS (HR=9.67, <i>p</i>=0.009). The major failure pattern was distant metastasis (N=8). Regional failures were infrequent (5%), involving level II (N=1) and levels Ib, II, and IV (N=1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Regional failures in PGC are rare and predominantly confined to the upper neck. Omitting LNI did not compromise regional control. Treatment strategies for PGCs with PNI should focus on the intensification of systemic therapy and close monitoring for distant metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"40 5","pages":"2986-2993"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ramelteon Mitigates Cisplatin-induced Testicular Dysfunction in Rats.","authors":"Shun Kawamura, Koji Chiba, Kazuki Tsubotani, Chanhyon Kin, Yosuke Yamashita, Katsuya Sato, Keisuke Okada, Hideaki Miyake","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14434","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14434","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Cisplatin is a widely used anti-cancer agent, but it can cause testicular dysfunction, leading to infertility and hypogonadism. Currently, pharmacological agents for preventing testicular dysfunction during chemotherapy are limited. Ramelteon, an insomnia medication that selectively targets melatonin receptor type 1 and type 2, exerts cytoprotective effects across organs via anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic mechanisms. Ramelteon has an established safety profile in humans; however, its efficacy against chemotherapy-induced testicular toxicity remains unclear. We therefore examined the protective efficacy of ramelteon against cisplatin-induced testicular dysfunction in a rat model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Male 8-week-old Jcl:Wistar rats were randomized to control (saline+vehicle), ramelteon (10 mg/kg/day orally on days 1-7), cisplatin (7 mg/kg intraperitoneally once on day 1), or cisplatin+ramelteon (n=8 per group). On day 8, blood, testes, and epididymides were collected. Endpoints included sperm parameters, testicular histopathology, Ki-67 immunostaining, serum testosterone, and testicular quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for steroid synthesis-related (<i>Star, Cyp11a1, Cyp17a1, Hsd17b3</i>) and apoptosis- and inflammation-related (<i>Casp3, Il6</i>) transcript levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cisplatin administration induced histological damage to the seminiferous tubules, reduced sperm counts and motility, decreased testosterone levels, increased testicular interstitial Ki-67 positivity, suppressed steroid synthesis-related gene expression, and increased apoptosis-related and inflammation-related gene expression. Co-administration of ramelteon significantly attenuated these changes, resulting in reduced pathological tissue damage in the testes, attenuation of deterioration in sperm parameters and testosterone levels, and improvement in steroid synthesis-related and inflammation-related gene expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ramelteon mitigated acute cisplatin-induced testicular damage in rats by attenuating deterioration in sperm parameters and steroidogenesis-related changes. These findings suggest that ramelteon may be a candidate for further investigation as a strategy to mitigate acute chemotherapy-induced testicular injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"40 5","pages":"2844-2854"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Textbook Outcome After Esophagectomy for Esophageal Cancer: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives.","authors":"Toru Aoyama, Taiici Kawabe, Haruhiko Cho, Takaki Yoshikawa","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14414","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.14414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Esophagectomy is an essential treatment for resectable esophageal cancer. However, perioperative morbidity and mortality are higher and postoperative hospital stay is longer than other gastrointestinal malignancies. However, quality of perioperative surgical course affects both short- and long-term oncological outcomes in various malignancies. Recently, textbook outcome (TO)/textbook oncological outcome (TOO) are developed to evaluate quality of perioperative surgical course. TO/TOO included various perioperative elements and introduced in various malignancies. In esophageal cancer surgery, in 2017, TO for esophageal cancer (EC) defined and included 10 short-term surgical outcomes (curative resection, no intraoperative complications, R0 resection, number of harvest lymph node, no sever postoperative complication, no reintervention, no readmission intensive care unit, no readmission, no prolonged hospital stay, and no mortality). In 2021, TO for EC redefinition was made and included nine revised short-term surgical parameters. Previous studies demonstrated that achieved TO associated with better survival after esophagectomy for EC. To optimize esophagectomy for EC, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of each study before the widespread implementation of TO in clinical practice. This review summarizes the background, current status, and future perspectives of TO for resectable EC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"40 5","pages":"2589-2595"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531099/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148850616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}