In vivo最新文献

{"title":"Metabolic Syndrome and Somatic Composition: A Large Cross-sectional Analysis.","authors":"Masahiro Matsui, Akira Fukuda, Saori Onishi, Kosuke Ushiro, Tomohiro Nishikawa, Akira Asai, Soo Ki Kim, Hiroki Nishikawa","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13839","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>To elucidate the relationship between metabolic syndrome (Mets) and somatic composition [fat mass, fat-free (FF) mass, and fat to fat-free (F-FF) ratio] among health checkup recipients (7,776 males and 10,121 females).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We classified study subjects into four types considering Japanese criteria for Mets; Type A is for males with waist circumference (WC) <85 cm and females with WC <90 cm, Type B is for males with WC ≥85 cm and females with WC ≥90 cm, but without any metabolic abnormalities, Type C is for males with WC ≥85 cm and females with WC ≥90 cm and one metabolic disorder (pre-Mets), and Type D is Mets. We compared baseline characteristics among types of A, B, C, and D.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>F index, FF index, and F-FF ratio showed an increasing trend with increasing risk factors for Mets in both sexes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates a clear correlation between somatic composition and the severity of metabolic syndrome (Mets). As Mets risk factors increase, fat mass, fat-free mass, and the fat-to-fat-free ratio also rise, indicating that body composition shifts with disease progression. These findings emphasize the need for early intervention, such as exercise and diet, to manage somatic composition imbalances and reduce complications like insulin resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 1","pages":"381-389"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preclinical Assessment of Safety and Efficacy of Deferoxamine (DFO)-pretreated Feline Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells.","authors":"Hailong Teng, Minkyung Cho, Zhiqiang Ma, Xinpeng Ji, Shiyu Jin, Yuze Zhou, Meifu Xuan, Hyun-A Seong, Xiangzi Li, Seong-Ho Choi, Qiang Li","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13825","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13825","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of deferoxamine (DFO) pretreated feline adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (fATMSCs) for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>fATMSCs were isolated from feline adipose tissue and characterized using flow cytometry for surface marker expression and differentiation assays for adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic lineages. Different concentrations of DFO were used to evaluate its impact on fATMSC activity. The therapeutic potential of these preconditioned cells was validated using a mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI) by LPS injection. Comprehensive evaluations, including clinical, hematological, and radiological assessments, were conducted before and after intravenous injection of preconditioned cells in three feline subjects.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>25 μM DFO pretreatment significantly up-regulated immunomodulatory genes (Tgfb, Hgf, and Tsg-6) in fATMSCs. In the mouse ALI model, DFO-pretreated fATMSCs exhibited enhanced anti-inflammatory effects, reducing inflammatory cytokines (Tnfa, Il1b, Il6). Clinical safety assessment in felines showed no immediate adverse effects, structural alterations, or tumorigenesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Utilizing a mouse model of acute lung injury, we demonstrated the potential of DFO-pretreated fATMSCs as a safe and effective therapeutic approach for inflammatory disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 1","pages":"267-279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705137/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appendiceal Neuroendocrine Tumor: Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Six Cases and Review of the Literature.","authors":"Yeseul Kim, You-Na Sung, Anna Therese Datuin, Inho Jang, Jongmin Sim","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13860","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13860","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Appendiceal neuroendocrine tumors (ANETs) are the most prevalent type of appendiceal neoplasm and the fifth most common neuroendocrine tumor in the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we described the clinicopathological features of patients with ANET.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We reviewed the clinicopathological findings and histopathological reports of six patients diagnosed with ANET between January 2014 and December 2023 at Korea University Medical Center, Anam Hospital.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six cases, comprising three males and three females, were diagnosed during procedures for lower abdominal pain or other medical reasons. Most tumors were less than 1 cm in size and located at the tip of the appendix. One patient had a large tumor (4.1 cm) with lymph node metastasis. Four tumors extended to the muscularis propria, whereas two infiltrated the subserosal soft tissue. The tumor cells exhibited a typical trabecular and nested pattern with monotonous round or oval nuclei. All patients had a mitotic count of less than 2 per 10 high-power fields and a Ki-67 labeling index of less than 1%, classifying them as having G1 well-differentiated tumors. Immunohistochemical staining showed that all cases were positive for CD56 and synaptophysin, and four were positive for chromogranin A. No recurrence or distant metastasis was observed during follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ANETs are relatively uncommon and mostly benign in terms of prognosis. Because of their malignant potential, meticulous examination of appendectomy specimens is warranted to identify the presence of ANETs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 1","pages":"559-565"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705153/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disproportionality Analysis of Hepatotoxic and Gastrointestinal Adverse Events Associated With Nintedanib Using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) Database.","authors":"Masaki Fujiwara, Hiroaki Ikesue, Kenta Yamaoka, Mayako Uchida, Yoshihiro Uesawa, Nobuyuki Muroi, Tadashi Shimizu","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13841","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Nintedanib may cause adverse events such as elevated liver enzyme levels, diarrhea, and decreased appetite. These adverse events should be managed appropriately as they affect the quality of life of patients. This study has aimed to analyze patient characteristics and time-to-onset of adverse events caused by nintedanib using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Data from April 2004 to June 2023 were extracted from the JADER database and the patient characteristics of nintedanib administration were evaluated using reported odds ratio (ROR) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI). The data were analyzed for time-to-onset and patient characteristics such as age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and the presence or absence of prednisolone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The JADER database included 1,419 adverse event reports in which nintedanib was suspected. The number (%) and ROR of adverse events known to occur with the use of nintedanib were 72 (5.07%) cases of decreased appetite [ROR=7.09 (95%CI=5.59-8.99)], and 79 (5.57%) cases of diarrhea [ROR=6.52 (5.19-8.18)]. The median days until onset were 19.5 (IQR=6.25-50.5) days for hepatotoxicity, 119.5 (IQR=24.5-258.5) days for diarrhea, and 131.5 (IQR=20.5-334.5) days for decreased appetite.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nintedanib is more likely to cause elevated liver enzyme levels, diarrhea, and decreased appetite than other drugs. These events occurred within approximately 3-4 months. The concomitant use of prednisolone may also be associated with gastrointestinal hemorrhage.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 1","pages":"396-403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705104/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Oral Nutritional Supplements Composed of High Protein on Body Weight Loss After Gastrectomy.","authors":"Satoru Kikuchi, Nobuo Takata, Yoshihiko Kakiuchi, Shinji Kuroda, Hajime Kashima, Shunsuke Tanabe, Kazuhiro Noma, Ayako Takahashi, Shunsuke Kagawa, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13845","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Body weight loss (BWL) after gastrectomy for gastric cancer (GC) decreases postoperative quality of life and survival in patients with GC. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral nutritional supplements composed of high protein on BWL in the early period following gastrectomy.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Pre- and postoperative body weight and skeletal muscle mass were measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis in patients undergoing radical gastrectomy for GC and analyzed retrospectively. Patients received either a regular diet (control group, n=43) or 250 ml (320 kcal) per day of a high-protein oral nutritional supplement (ONS) (22 g protein) in addition to their regular diet (ONS group, n=40) for four weeks after gastrectomy. The actual daily intake of ONS was recorded by patients themselves. The BWL and skeletal muscle loss (SML) at one month after surgery were compared between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BWL and SML at one month after surgery were similar between the two groups. In the ONS group, patients were divided into two subgroups (ONS-H and ONS-L) according to whether their ONS intake amount was above or below the average value of 216 kcal. The ONS-H group (ONS intake ≥216 kcal) showed significantly lower BWL compared to the control group (-4.6±2.6% vs. -6.2±2.5%; p=0.03). Moreover, the ONS group showed significantly lower BWL at one month after surgery than the control group in cases of total or proximal gastrectomy (-5.9±3.0% vs. -7.8±1.9%; p=0.04), although no significant difference was observed between the two groups in distal gastrectomy. The hematological nutritional parameters were similar between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The administration of ONS composed of high protein for four weeks after gastrectomy did not improve BWL at one month after gastrectomy. However, adequate amount of ONS intake and ONS intake after total or proximal gastrectomy might improve BWL.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 1","pages":"426-432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Potential of Dimethyl Sulfoxide <i>via</i> Subconjunctival Injection in a Diabetic Retinopathy Rat Model.","authors":"Jiyi Hwang, Ji Seung Jung, Donghee Kim, Myeongjee Kwon, Jungyeon Yong, Haerin Yoon, Kyung-Mee Park","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13811","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a complication of diabetes, causes damage to retinal blood vessels and can lead to vision impairment. Persistent high blood glucose levels contribute to this damage, and despite ongoing research, effective treatment options for DR remain limited. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has shown anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties in both in vivo and in vitro studies; however, its potential as an anti-inflammatory agent in the context of DR has not yet been explored. This study aimed to assess the effects of subconjunctival injection of DMSO on the progression of DR.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>DR was induced in rats using intraperitoneal injections of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg), confirmed by measuring blood glucose levels and electroretinography (ERG). The rats were divided into five groups: a normal control group (CON), a DR control group receiving PBS injections (DMSO 0), and three DR groups receiving different concentrations of DMSO (98%, 50%, and 10%). Retinal function was evaluated using ERG at weeks 10 and 14, and histological analysis at week 16.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DMSO 50 group had significantly higher B-wave amplitude in ERG compared to the DMSO 0 group (p<0.05). Flicker response amplitudes were also significantly greater in the DMSO 50 and DMSO 10 groups compared to DMSO 0 (p<0.05). Histological examination revealed thinner retinal layers in the DMSO 0 group compared to the CON group, while the DMSO-treated groups showed improved retinal thickness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Subconjunctival injection of 50% DMSO appears to improve retinal function in a rat model of DR.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 1","pages":"132-145"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Lung Adverse Events Associated With Lenvatinib: A Post-marketing Surveillance Study.","authors":"Yuko Kanbayashi, Yuki Kaneko, Momoko Kobayashi, Haruka Wakabayashi, Tadashi Shimizu, Mayako Uchida","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13834","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Despite the seriousness of lung adverse events (AEs) associated with lenvatinib, comprehensive data on these events remain limited. This study was conducted to examine the disproportionality, time to onset, incidence rates, and outcomes of lenvatinib-associated lung AEs using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report database.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We analysed data for the period from April 2004 to May 2023. Data on lung AEs were extracted and the relative disproportionality of AEs was estimated using reporting odds ratios (RORs). Weibull distribution parameters were also calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 2,230,863 reports analysed, 7,684 reports of AEs associated with lenvatinib were identified, including 380 lung AEs. Signals were detected for three lung AEs: tracheal fistula, tracheo-oesophageal fistula, and tracheal haemorrhage. Fatal outcomes were observed for tracheal fistula and tracheal haemorrhage. A histogram of median times to onset indicated that lung AEs associated with lenvatinib occurred 15-111 days after administration. Weibull distributions showed that the incidence of these AEs remained constant throughout the exposure period (random failure type).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study highlights post-marketing AEs associated with lenvatinib, with a particular focus on lung AEs. Tracheal fistula and tracheal haemorrhage were identified as AEs with potentially serious outcomes following lenvatinib administration. Monitoring patients for early signs of these AEs is important not only at treatment initiation, but also throughout the entire course of therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 1","pages":"346-352"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heart Failure Masked as Pulmonary Embolism in Non-adherent Patient With Atrial Fibrillation: Case Report and Analytical Review of the Literature.","authors":"Gian Jacobs, Kate Emblin, Umesh Kadam, Rob Daniels, Mohammad Alallan, Kinan Mokbel","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13859","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF) commonly co-occur, significantly increasing morbidity and mortality. Poorly controlled AF can contribute to complications like HF and is associated with conditions, such as stroke and pulmonary embolism (PE). This report involves a man with AF who had persistent respiratory symptoms and left-sided chest pain, initially suspected to be PE, but eventually diagnosed as HF.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 43-year-old male experienced increasing breathlessness, cough, and fatigue. Initially suspected to have a respiratory infection, his persistent symptoms raised concern for PE. The patient had a history of AF, unsuccessful cardioversion, and long-term non-adherence to beta blockers. Initial assessment revealed persistent respiratory symptoms and elevated levels of C-reactive protein, D-dimer, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, and Troponin T. Chest X-ray showed pulmonary congestion, and echocardiogram confirmed a severely impaired ejection fraction (EF <20%). While the differential diagnosis included community-acquired pneumonia, PE, and HF, the final diagnosis was worsening AF and HF with reduced EF, not PE.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PE symptoms can overlap with HF, making careful differential diagnosis essential, particularly in AF patients with elevated D-dimer levels, where false positives necessitate caution. This case underscores the importance of thorough differential diagnosis and clinical judgment before ordering tests to avoid misdiagnosis. Long-term non-adherence to beta blockers exacerbated the patient's symptoms, emphasising the critical role of consistent medication use in managing AF and preventing complications like HF. This case report also highlights the importance of thorough investigations, guideline-based treatments and multidisciplinary care in complex AF-HF cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 1","pages":"548-558"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705105/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacist Intervention in Outpatients With Prostate Cancer Prevents Apalutamide-induced Skin Adverse Events.","authors":"Kengo Umehara, Yoshitaka Saito, Shinya Takada, Kayo Yamagishi, Norikata Takada, Satoru Maruyama, Toru Harabayashi, Hirokazu Hashishita","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13849","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Apalutamide induces severe skin adverse events (sAEs) in 14.7% of Japanese patients, leading to treatment discontinuation. To maximize the management of sAEs in patients taking apalutamide for prostate cancer, we conducted pharmacist outpatient clinics for patients receiving apalutamide in the outpatient setting. During these sessions, patients were informed about skin care management, including the application of moisturizers to prevent sAEs. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of pharmacist-led outpatient services in managing sAEs.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer without distant metastases or prostate cancer with distant metastases, receiving 240 mg apalutamide once daily, were divided into pharmacist intervention and nonintervention groups and retrospectively investigated. The primary endpoint was the incidence of all sAEs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence of sAEs of any grade was significantly lower in the intervention group (n=26) than in the nonintervention group (n=16) (30.8% vs. 68.8%, respectively, p=0.03), without a significant difference in the incidence of grade 3 or more sAEs (3.8% vs. 25.0%, respectively, p=0.05). At the pharmacist outpatient clinics, pharmacists gave 84 recommendations to urologists, with 98.8% of them reflected in prescriptions. The most frequently prescribed moisturizers were heparinoid oil-based creams, with a significantly higher prescription rate in the intervention compared to the nonintervention group (30.0 g/28 days vs. 0 g/28 days, p<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As far as we are aware, our study is the first to show that intervention by pharmacist outpatient clinics reduces apalutamide-induced sAEs. Pharmacist outpatient clinics can assist in the appropriate skin management of patients taking apalutamide.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 1","pages":"459-466"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Narrative Review of the Role of Immunotherapy in Metastatic Carcinoma of the Colon Harboring a BRAF Mutation.","authors":"Alfredo Colombo, Porretto Maria Concetta, Vittorio Gebbia, Daniela Sambataro, Giuseppina Scandurra, Maria Rosaria Valerio","doi":"10.21873/invivo.13802","DOIUrl":"10.21873/invivo.13802","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients affected by metastatic carcinoma of the colon/rectum (mCRC) harboring mutations in the BRAF gene (MBRAF) respond poorly to conventional therapy and have a prognosis worse than that of patients without mutations. Despite the promising outcomes of targeted therapy utilizing multi-targeted inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling system, the therapeutic efficacy, especially for the microsatellite stable/DNA proficient mismatch repair (MSS/PMMR) subtype, remains inadequate. Patients with MBRAF/mCRC and high microsatellite instability or DNA deficient mismatch repair (MSI-H/DMMR) exhibit a substantial tumor mutation burden, suggesting a high probability of response to immunotherapy. It is widely acknowledged that MSS/pMMR/mCRC is an immunologically \"cold\" malignancy that exhibits resistance to immunotherapy. The integration of targeted therapy and immunotherapy may enhance clinical outcomes in patients with MBRAF/mCRC. Efforts to enhance outcomes are exclusively focused on MSS/DMMR-BRAF mutant cancers, which constitute the largest proportion. This review evaluates the clinical efficacy and advancement of novel immune checkpoint blockade therapies for MSI-H/DMMR and MSS/PMMR BRAF mutant mCRC. We examine potential indicators in the tumor immune milieu for forecasting immunotherapeutic response in BRAF mutant mCRC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 1","pages":"25-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11705148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142909602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}