In vivo最新文献

{"title":"Significant Contributions of Interleukin-13 Genotypes to Asthma Severity.","authors":"Te-Chun Shen, Guan-Liang Chen, Li-Hsiou Chen, Yun-Chi Wang, Hou-Yu Shih, Ya-Chen Yang, Chia-Wen Tsai, Wen-Shin Chang, Te-Chun Hsia, DA-Tian Bau","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Asthma is a complex inflammatory airway disease influenced by genetic and environmental factors. <i>Interleukin-13 (IL-13)</i>, particularly its promoter polymorphism rs1800925 and coding variant rs20541, have been implicated in asthma pathogenesis. This study investigated their associations with asthma susceptibility and severity in a Taiwanese population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 198 adult patients with asthma and 453 controls without asthma were genotyped for <i>IL-13</i> rs1800925 and rs20541 using PCR-based assays. Associations with disease risk, age, sex, and asthma severity were analyzed using logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Genotype frequencies of <i>IL-13</i> rs1800925 and rs20541 conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls (<i>p</i> =0.1209 and 0.6860). No significant association was found between asthma risk and rs1800925 [CT <i>versus</i> CC: odds ratio (OR)=1.16, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.80-1.65, <i>p</i>=0.4793; TT <i>versus</i> CC: OR=1.31, 95%CI=0.70-2.45, <i>p</i>=0.5043] or rs20541 (AG <i>versus</i> GG: OR=0.93, 95%CI=0.66-1.33, <i>p</i>=0.7652; AA <i>versus</i> GG: OR=0.84, 95%CI=0.46-1.51, <i>p</i>=0.6577). However, stratified analysis revealed that among individuals aged 25-40, the rs1800925 TT genotype was associated with increased asthma risk (OR=2.16, 95%CI=1.02-4.56, <i>p</i>=0.0637). Notably, rs1800925 CT and TT genotypes were significantly associated with severe asthma symptoms (CT <i>versus</i> CC: OR=2.11, <i>p</i>=0.0287; TT <i>versus</i> CC: OR=4.83, <i>p</i>=0.0057), with carriers of CT+TT genotypes having higher odds of severe asthma (OR=2.46, 95%CI=1.36-4.45, <i>p</i>=0.0041).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While <i>IL-13</i> rs1800925 and rs20541 polymorphisms were not significantly associated with overall asthma susceptibility, the rs1800925 TT genotype may confer increased risk in younger adults and is significantly linked to more severe asthma severity. <i>IL-13</i> rs1800925 may serve as a potential genetic biomarker for asthma severity prediction and management in Taiwanese populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2562-2572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Outcomes and Mixed Response in Nivolumab Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer.","authors":"Yoh-Ichiro Iwasa, Ryosuke Kitoh, Yoh Yokota, Kentaro Hori, Mariko Kasuga, Shintaro Yamazaki, Yutaka Takumi","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study aimed to explore the long-term outcomes of patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer (RM-HNC) treated with nivolumab in a real-world setting.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed 53 patients with R/M-HNC treated with nivolumab between 2017 and 2024 at the Shinshu University Hospital. Clinical data included response rates, overall survival (OS), progression-free survival 1 (PFS1) 1, PFS2, and immune-related adverse events (irAEs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median OS was 18.1 months, with 1-year, 2-year, and 4-year survival rates of 57.7%, 37.9%, and 23.3%, respectively. Mixed response (MR) was observed in 17% of patients, and these patients showed significantly better OS than those with progressive disease (<i>p</i>=0.007). Notably, nivolumab was effective in patients not included in the CheckMate 141 criteria, especially in those with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) showing a favorable prognosis (median OS: 44.0 months). Overall, 13 patients experienced irAEs (24.5%), although this did not significantly affect OS (<i>p</i>=0.170). Long-term survival was observed in 13 patients, with 69.2% of them achieving either complete response or partial response.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides new insights into the long-term efficacy of nivolumab in R/M-HNC, highlighting the favorable prognosis in NPC and in patients outside the CheckMate 141 criteria. Importantly, this study is the first to report the frequency of MR in HNC, with MR being associated with a significantly better prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2777-2786"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Altered Myocardial Blood Flow and Cardiovascular Function in Patients With Thyroid Cancer and Related Treatments.","authors":"Daniel Hueng-Yuan Shen, Hung-Pin Chan, Chin Hu, Wen-Hwa Wang, Yu-Li Chiu, Fu-Ren Tsai","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study aimed to explore changes in cardiovascular performance among patients with thyroid cancer following thyroidectomy, radioiodine therapy (RAIT) and thyroid-stimulating hormone suppression therapy (TST), with or without treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We enrolled 32 patients who underwent thyroidectomy and subsequent RAIT (except for one patient who underwent partial thyroidectomy only) and TST, with or without TKI therapy. We assessed myocardial perfusion using quantitative myocardial perfusion imaging (qMPI), myocardial blood flow (MBF), and coronary flow reserve (CFR) <i>via</i> dynamic single photon-emission computed tomography/computer tomography. We also analyzed data from laboratory tests or heart-related circulation markers, such as <i>N</i>-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) to compare patient results, including correlations with different TKIs, RAIT, and TST.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>qMPI indicated that the TKI-treated group (n=19) exhibited reduced MBF, CFR, and coronary flow capacity compared to the non-TKI-treated group. The right coronary artery (RCA) territory was notably affected by TKI treatment, particularly during the stress phase: RCA-stress blood flow: 2.4±0.6 <i>vs.</i> 1.9±0.7 ml/min/g; RCA-CFR: 2.3±0.8 <i>vs.</i> 2.93±0.9 for TKI-treated <i>vs.</i> non TKI-treated groups, respectively. This effect was more pronounced in the subgroup undergoing sequential anti-vascular endothelial growth factor TKI treatment (<i>e.g.</i> sorafenib and lenvatinib) (n=4) compared to non-TKI-treated controls. Additionally, TKI-treated patients showed a higher mean NT-ProBNP level (203±322.2 pg/ml) than non-TKI-treated patients (39.1±36 pg/ml). Abnormal MBF/CFR was also associated with higher cumulative RAIT dose and lower thyrotropin level.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TKI therapy, especially anti-vascular endothelial growth factor TKI, can negatively affect myocardial perfusion and lead to coronary microcirculation dysfunction, reducing MBF/CFR during the stress phase. The link between cumulative RAIT dose, lower thyroid-stimulating hormone level, and abnormal MBF/CFR highlights the need for further research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2919-2930"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunomodulatory Effects of Molecular Hydrogen Therapy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus With Pericarditis and Pleuritis: A Case Report.","authors":"Ting-Hao Tu, Jeng-Wei Lu, Yi-Jung Ho, Shan-Wen Lui, Ting-Yu Hsieh, Kuang-Yih Wang, Feng-Cheng Liu","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Pericarditis is a common cardiovascular complication associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Oxidative stress plays a significant role in disease pathology. Molecular hydrogen has emerged as a promising therapeutic option with its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic properties. While prior studies have demonstrated its cardioprotective effects, research on its immunomodulatory potential in autoimmune diseases remains limited; therefore, this article presents a case study with SLE experiencing pericarditis and pleuritis, receiving hydrogen therapy in October 2024 as part of an effort to evaluate its potential in modulating immune responses and alleviating disease symptoms.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>This is the case of a 49-year-old Taiwanese female diagnosed with SLE, alongside pericarditis, pleuritis, and multi-organ impairments. Despite initial treatment and intermittent follow-ups, the patient experienced recurrent disease exacerbations, which was managed with immunomodulatory therapies. In October 2024, molecular hydrogen supplementation was introduced as an adjuvant therapy. Immunophenotypic analysis revealed dynamic changes in the percentages of immune cells, with decreasing trend of Tr1 cells and increasing trend of naïve Treg cells, B cell subsets expressing Fas, and transitional B cells following molecular hydrogen therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Molecular hydrogen therapy had potential to modulate immune markers in this case study. Further investigation into its clinical efficacy and safety is necessary for the development of treatment guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"3014-3024"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Sexual Function and Vaginal Prolapse Relapse in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Sacropexy <i>Versus</i> Pectopexy.","authors":"Mónica Isabel Herrmann, Britta Grüne, Marc Sütterlin, Sebastian Berlit, Maren Juliane Wenk","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study aimed to compare sexual function and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing laparoscopic sacropexy (LSP) <i>versus</i> laparoscopic pectopexy (LPP) to treat vaginal cuff or uterine prolapse.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A cross-sectional explorative cohort study of 46 patients who underwent LSP (n=23) or LPP (n=23) in our tertiary care hospital was conducted. The patients' postoperative sexual function was evaluated (female sexual function index, FSFI), and prolapse stages were determined with the pelvic organ prolapse quantification system (POP-Q).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed comparable baseline parameters. Mean age was higher in the LSP group (66.76 <i>vs.</i> 61.30 years, <i>p</i>=0.14). The operation time was slightly longer in the LPP group (118 <i>vs.</i> 109 min, <i>p</i>=0.12). Uterus preservation was more common in LPP (<i>p</i>=0.02). There were a few low-grade complications [two patients LPP, one patient LSP, Clavien-Dindo-Classification (CDC) I and II, <i>p</i>=1.00], but no complications of ≥CDC III. Postoperative POP-Q results were comparable for both groups (<i>p</i>>0.05 in all parameters). The FSFI showed similar postoperative results in both groups with a slightly higher total score for the LPP cohort, even though not significant (1.60 <i>vs.</i> 1.40 LSP <i>vs.</i> LPP cohort; <i>p</i>=0.35). A multiple linear regression analysis was performed, however no factors influencing postoperative sexual function were identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A comparable efficacy of apical fixation was found for LSP and LPP, complications were low in both groups, and the FSFI-results were comparable with slightly better results in the LPP group. Therefore, LPP seems to be a viable and safe alternative in the treatment of POP.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2862-2871"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>bis</i>-Eugenol Induces Heme Oxygenase 1 Expression and Activation of Nrf2 in RAW264.7 Cells.","authors":"Yukio Murakami, Akihiro Inoue, Kaho Matsumura, Akifumi Kawata, Akihiro Hishikawa","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14073","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Eugenol dimer (<i>bis</i>-eugenol), a representative ortho-bisphenol, has been reported to have potent antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activity. To clarify the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory mechanisms of <i>bis</i>-eugenol, we investigated its involvement in heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression and anti-inflammatory activity.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>HO-1 expression in RAW264.7 cells was measured using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis (RT-PCR) and western blot analysis. Expression of <i>Escherichia coli</i> lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated cyclooxygenase-2 (<i>Cox2</i>) and tumor necrosis factor-α (<i>Tnfα</i>) mRNA was measured using RT-PCR. Nuclear factor (NF)-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation was measured using an ELISA-based transcription factor assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>bis</i>-Eugenol induced HO-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner, and tin-protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) suppressed this increase in terms of Ho-1 mRNA. LPS-stimulated expression of <i>Cox2</i> and <i>Tnfα</i> mRNA was significantly suppressed by <i>bis</i>-eugenol, but not by eugenol. The inhibitory effect of <i>bis</i>-eugenol on LPS-stimulated <i>Cox2</i> and <i>Tnfα</i> mRNA expression was not changed by the addition of PPIX, but an inhibitory effect was evident in the case of eugenol. <i>bis</i>-Eugenol activated Nrf2 and promoted its binding to the antioxidant response element (ARE).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>bis</i>-Eugenol is a potent HO-1 inducer and Nrf2 activator. The present findings offer interesting insights for re-evaluating the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ortho-bisphenols.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2752-2759"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Correlation Between Aortic Stenosis and the Incidence of Subsequent Ocular Surface Diseases.","authors":"Shu-Ling Peng, Jing-Yang Huang, Chia-Yi Lee, Chia-Jui Weng, Shun-Fa Yang","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Aortic stenosis (AS) is a fatal cardiovascular disease associated with metabolic syndrome and inflammation. Ocular surface diseases are also characterized by elevated inflammatory responses. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between AS and the subsequent development of ocular surface diseases, including dry eye disease (DED) and superficial keratopathy.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was performed via the usage of the TriNetX database. The patients were divided according to the presence of AS and a total of 421,253 patients were enrolled into both the AS and non-AS groups. The primary outcomes were the development of DED and superficial keratitis after AS. The Cox proportional hazard regression was applied to calculate the adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of primary outcomes between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 11,915 and 8,260 DED episodes in the AS and the non-AS groups, respectively. Also, there were 1,409 and 1,038 superficial keratopathy events in the AS and non-AS groups, respectively. After adjusting for all the confounders, the AS group showed a significant higher incidence of DED (aHR=1.375, 95%CI=1.337-1.414, <i>p</i><0.001) and superficial keratopathy (aHR=1.286, 95%CI=1.187-1.393, <i>p</i><0.001) compared to the non-AS group. The cumulative incidences of DED and superficial keratopathy were also significantly higher in the AS group than in the non-AS group (both <i>p</i><0.001). In subgroup analyses, the risk of ocular surface diseases was significantly higher in all AS subgroups except the Asian population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of AS associates with a higher risk of subsequent DED and superficial keratopathy development, which positively relate to the duration of AS.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2908-2918"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Matrix Metalloproteinase-7 Promoter Genotypes With Asthma Risk in Taiwan.","authors":"Kuo-Liang Chiu, Guan-Liang Chen, Chia-Hsiang Li, Jaw-Chyun Chen, Yun-Chi Wang, Hou-Yu Shih, Chia-Wen Tsai, Wen-Shin Chang, Te-Chun Hsia, DA-Tian Bau","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Asthma is a complex chronic airway disease with multifactorial etiologies, including genetic predispositions. This study aimed to investigate the association between the <i>MMP-7</i> promoter polymorphism -181A>G (rs11568818) and asthma susceptibility and severity in a Taiwanese population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>PCR-RFLP genotyping analysis was conducted on 198 patients with asthma and 453 healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>While no significant overall association was observed between genotypes and asthma risk [AG <i>versus</i> AA: odds ratio (OR)=1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.82-2.09, <i>p</i>=0.3117; GG <i>versus</i> AA: OR=2.42, 95%CI=0.69-8.46, <i>p</i>=0.2833], a borderline significance was found for the G allele (OR=1.44, 95%CI=0.96-2.15, <i>p</i>=0.0950). In age-stratified analysis, the AG genotype significantly increased asthma risk in individuals aged 25-40 years (OR=1.86, 95%CI=1.08-3.25, <i>p</i>=0.0365), but not in those over 40 years. Sex-stratified analyses revealed no significant associations in either males or females. Notably, genotype distribution correlated significantly with asthma severity (<i>p</i> for trend=0.0040). Individuals with AG and GG genotypes were more likely to present severe asthma symptoms compared to those with the AA genotype (AG: 24.7% <i>vs.</i> 11.2%, <i>p</i>=0.0144; GG: 5.5% <i>vs.</i> 0.8%, <i>p</i>=0.0418). The dominant model (AG+GG <i>vs.</i> AA) showed a higher prevalence in the severe group (30.2%) than in the milder group (12.0%), while the GG genotype conferred a high OR for severe disease (OR=7.19 <i>vs.</i> 3.16), approaching borderline significance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>MMP-7</i>-181A>G is not a major susceptibility marker for asthma. However, the G allele may serve as a potential biomarker for younger-onset and more severe asthma phenotypes in Taiwanese individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2549-2561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of <i>In Vitro</i> Replicative Lifespan Elongation Activity of Pharmaceuticals, Natural Products and Radiation Using the \"Overlay\" Method.","authors":"Alejandro Mena Acra, Hiroshi Sakagami, Shin Uota, Masaaki Yoshihara, Shinji Kito, Maki Izawa, Yusei Ohtaka, Giichirou Nakaya, Yukari Koga-Ogawa, Tadamasa Nobesawa, Daisuke Ueda, Ryuichiro Suzuki","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>With an increasing number of comorbid diseases, the number of drug intake by elderly people and their chances to X-ray exposure inevitably increase. However, it is unclear how these treatments affect longevity. Primary human diploid fibroblasts with limited life span have been used as a model system for the study of cellular senescence. Since <i>in vitro</i> aging is a long process, the colony formation assay has often been used to monitor the aging progression. However, this method cannot accurately quantitate the anti-aging activity of the test samples due to the heterogeneous size distribution of the colonies. Therefore, we developed a new \"overlay\" method for quantitating the <i>in vitro</i> replicative lifespan elongation (RLE) activity of substances of interest.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cells were treated for 14 days with or without (as control) various concentrations of test samples in culture medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS), without medium changes, but overlayed with fresh medium to minimize the cell detachment and nutritional deprivation. From the dose-response curve, the elongation index of the survival time (EI) was calculated by the ratio of maximum viable cell number at the optimal concentration of the test sample to that of the control at Day 14.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In general, six human fibroblasts prepared from dermal, oral and lung tissues required higher concentrations of FBS than cancer cells. Dermal fibroblasts were selected as the target cells, based on their higher hormetic responses. Quercetin, hydrocortisone, sodium ascorbate, vanillic acid and vanillin showed higher EI values than estradiol, curcumin, resveratrol, phellamurin, sodium butylate and X-ray irradiation, but did not reach the levels of plant extracts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present method may be useful to quantitate the RLE activity of external and internal factors alone or in combination, in the presence of an appropriate positive control.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2534-2548"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of Contrast-enhanced CT in Diagnosing Small-sized cT3a Renal Cell Carcinoma and Analysis of Factors Predicting Downstaging to pT1.","authors":"Kensuke Bekku, Kasumi Yoshinaga, Shota Inoue, Yosuke Mitsui, Tomoaki Yamanoi, Tatsushi Kawada, Yusuke Tominaga, Takuya Sadahira, Satoshi Katayama, Takehiro Iwata, Shingo Nishimura, Kohei Edamura, Tomoko Kobayashi, Motoo Araki","doi":"10.21873/invivo.14077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21873/invivo.14077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>This study assessed the accuracy of preoperative contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) scans in staging small-sized, locally advanced (cT3a) renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and identified predictors of pathological downstaging following surgery.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Seventy-six patients who underwent radical nephrectomy for cT3aN0M0 RCC with tumors ≤7 cm were analyzed. Preoperative CECT evaluated features such as venous, peritumoral, or renal sinus fat, and urinary tract invasion, predictive values, and concordance index between radiological and pathological findings were calculated for these categories. The study also examined the impact of clinicopathologic factors on downstaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 76 patients with cT3 RCC, 37% were down-staged to pT1. Down-staged cases had a higher proportion of male patients and non-clear cell carcinoma (86% <i>vs.</i> 58%, 32% <i>vs.</i> 6%; <i>p</i>=0.02, <i>p</i>=0.007, respectively). Multiple cT3a factors were less common in down-staged cases (4% <i>vs.</i> 23%, <i>p</i>=0.04). Non-clear cell carcinoma was significantly associated with downstaging compared to clear cell carcinoma (75% <i>vs.</i> 30%, <i>p</i>=0.006). Multivariate analysis confirmed non-clear cell carcinoma as an independent predictor (odds ratio=8.2, <i>p</i>=0.01). For venous invasion, CECT sensitivity and positive predictive value were high (73.5% and 83.3%, respectively) and the degree of agreement was substantial (κ=0.62).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The accuracy of preoperative CECT was acceptable for detecting venous invasion. The downstaging to pT1 occurred in 37% of cT3a RCC cases in the final pathology, with non-clear cell carcinoma being a significant predictor.</p>","PeriodicalId":13364,"journal":{"name":"In vivo","volume":"39 5","pages":"2787-2793"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144952649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}