Helicobacter最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Helicobacter pylori eradication rates between 7 and 14 days of tailored therapy according to clarithromycin resistance test: A randomized, multicenter, non-inferiority study","authors":"Kyoungwon Jung,&nbsp;Sam Ryong Jee,&nbsp;Moon Won Lee,&nbsp;Myeongseok Koh,&nbsp;Su Jin Kim,&nbsp;Jin Lee,&nbsp;Moo In Park","doi":"10.1111/hel.13084","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13084","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Recently, a simple tailored therapy based on clarithromycin resistance has been implemented <i>as Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) eradication therapy. Nonetheless, despite the tailored therapy and frequent adverse events, studies on treatment period are lacking. This study aimed to compare the <i>H. pylori</i> eradication rates of 7-day and 14-day tailored therapy regimens according to clarithromycin resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This multicenter, prospective, randomized, noninferiority trial enrolled <i>H. pylori</i>-positive patients who were randomly assigned to 7-day and 14-day regimen groups, depending on the presence or absence of clarithromycin resistance by 23S rRNA gene point mutations. Standard triple therapy (STT) (20 mg rabeprazole, 1 g amoxicillin, and 500 mg clarithromycin twice daily) or bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) (20 mg rabeprazole twice daily, 500 mg metronidazole thrice daily, 120 mg bismuth four times daily, and 500 mg tetracycline four times daily) was assigned by clarithromycin resistance. Eradication rates and adverse events were evaluated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 314 and 278 patients were included in the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses, respectively; however, 31 patients were lost to follow-up, whereas five patients violated the protocol. Both the 7-day and 14-day regimens showed similar eradication rates in the ITT (7-day vs. 14-day: 78.3% vs. 78.3%, <i>p</i> &gt; 0.99) and PP (87.9% vs. 89.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.851) analyses. Non-inferiority was confirmed (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.025). A subgroup analysis according to clarithromycin resistance (clarithromycin resistance rate: 28.7%) revealed no significant difference in eradication rates between the 7-day and 14-day STT (90.0% vs. 90.1%, <i>p</i> &gt; 0.99) and BQT (82.5% vs. 86.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.757). Furthermore, adverse events did not significantly differ between the two groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 7-day triple and quadruple therapy according to clarithromycin resistance showed similar eradication rates, as compared to the 14-day therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.13084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori with trx1 high expression promotes gastric diseases via upregulating the IL23A/NF-κB/IL8 pathway","authors":"Xin Guan,&nbsp;Jing Ning,&nbsp;Weiwei Fu,&nbsp;Ye Wang,&nbsp;Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Shigang Ding","doi":"10.1111/hel.13072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13072","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection is one of the main causes of gastric cancer. thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) and arginase (RocF) expressed by <i>H. pylori</i> were found to be closely related to its pathogenicity. However, whether Trx1 and RocF can be used in clinical screening of highly pathogenic <i>H. pylori</i> and the pathogenesis of <i>trx1</i> high expressing <i>H. pylori</i> remain still unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We investigated the expression level of <i>H. pylori trx1</i> and <i>H. pylori rocF</i> in human gastric antrum tissues using reverse transcription and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR) and clarified the clinical application value of <i>trx1</i> and <i>rocF</i> for screening highly pathogenic <i>H. pylori</i>. The pathogenic mechanism of Trx1 were further explored by RNA-seq of GES-1 cells co-cultured with <i>trx1</i> high or low expressing <i>H. pylori</i>. Differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways were validated by RT-qPCR, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. We also assessed the adherence of <i>trx1</i> high and low expressing <i>H. pylori</i> to GES-1 cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We found that <i>H. pylori trx1</i> and <i>H. pylori rocF</i> were more significantly expressed in the gastric cancer and peptic ulcer group than that in the gastritis group and the parallel diagnosis of <i>H. pylori trx1</i> and <i>H. pylori rocF</i> had high sensitivity. The <i>trx1</i> high expressing <i>H. pylori</i> had stronger adhesion ability to GES-1 cells and upregulated the interleukin (IL) 23A/nuclear factor κappaB (NF-κB)/IL17A, IL6, IL8 pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>H. pylori trx1</i> and <i>H. pylori rocF</i> can be used in clinical screening of highly pathogenic <i>H. pylori</i> and predicting the outcome of <i>H. pylori</i> infection. The <i>trx1</i> high expressing <i>H. pylori</i> has stronger adhesion capacity and promotes the development of gastric diseases by upregulating the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.13072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140814242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic changes in the gut microbiota after bismuth quadruple therapy and high-dose dual therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication","authors":"Jing Chen,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Hanchen Min,&nbsp;Junli Zhi,&nbsp;Shuyun Ma,&nbsp;Hongxia Dong,&nbsp;Jingshuang Yan,&nbsp;Xiaoyan Chi,&nbsp;Xiaomei Zhang,&nbsp;Yunsheng Yang","doi":"10.1111/hel.13077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13077","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A novel regimen with high-dose dual therapy (HDDT) has emerged, but its impact on the gut microbiota is not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of HDDT on the gut microbiota and compare it with that of bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We enrolled outpatients (18–70 years) diagnosed with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection by either histology or a positive ¹³C-urea breath test (¹³C-UBT) and randomly assigned to either the BQT or HDDT group. Subjects consented to provide fecal samples which were collected at baseline, Week 2, and Week 14. Amplification of the V1 and V9 regions of the 16S rRNA was conducted followed by high-throughput sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ultimately, 78 patients (41 patients in the HDDT group and 37 in the BQT group) were enrolled in this study. Eradication therapy significantly altered the diversity of the gut microbiota. However, the alpha diversity rebounded only in the HDDT group at 12 weeks post-eradication. Immediately following eradication, the predominance of Proteobacteria, replacing commensal <i>Firmicutes</i> and <i>Bacteroidetes</i>, did not recover after 12 weeks. Species-level analysis showed that the relative abundances of <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>Escherichia fergusonii</i> significantly increased in both groups at Week 2. <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> and <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> significantly increased in the BQT group, with no significant difference observed in the HDDT group. After 12 weeks of treatment, the relative abundance of more species in the HDDT group returned to baseline levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eradication of <i>H. pylori</i> can lead to an imbalance in gut microbiota. Compared to BQT, the HDDT is a regimen with milder impact on gut microbiota.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.13077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"14-day tailored PCR-guided triple therapy versus 14-day non-Bismuth concomitant quadruple therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication: A multicenter, open-label randomized noninferiority controlled trial","authors":"Aurelien Amiot,&nbsp;Jérémy Hacoon,&nbsp;Frederic Heluwaert,&nbsp;François Mion,&nbsp;Dominique Lamarque,&nbsp;Driffa Moussata,&nbsp;Maroua Mimouni,&nbsp;Jean-Charles Delchier,&nbsp;Isabelle Durand-Zaleski,&nbsp;Etienne Audureau,&nbsp;Sylvie Bastuji-Garin,&nbsp;for the HEPYSE Study Group","doi":"10.1111/hel.13076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13076","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The systematic use of susceptibility testing and tailored first-line treatment for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> eradication has yet to be established.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To compare 14-day tailored PCR-guided triple therapy to 14-day non-Bismuth concomitant quadruple therapy for first-line <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Patients and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We performed a multicenter, parallel-group, randomized noninferiority controlled trial. Naive adult patients with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection were treated with 14-day tailored PCR-guided triple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg and amoxicillin 1000 mg b.d. plus clarithromycin 500 mg or levofloxacin 500 mg b.d. according to clarithromycin susceptibility) or 14-day non-Bismuth concomitant quadruple therapy (esomeprazole 40 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, and metronidazole 500 mg b.d.). The primary endpoint was <i>H. pylori</i> eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We screened 991 patients for eligibility and randomized 241 patients. The first-line eradication rate was 99.2% in the tailored PCR-guided group and 95.9% in the control group (ITT population; absolute difference of +3.30%, with a lower bound of CI at −0.68%). Both first-line therapies were well tolerated, with a formally significant difference in favor of the tailored PCR-guided group (61.4% vs. 41.2%, <i>p</i> = 0.003). Economic analyses revealed a lower cost of the tailored PCR-guided arm, with a 92% chance of being jointly more effective and less expensive than the control arm in the ITT population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a country with a high level of clarithromycin resistance, the results of our study demonstrated the noninferiority of 14-day tailored PCR-guided triple therapy as a first-line <i>H. pylori</i> eradication therapy compared to 14-day non-Bismuth quadruple therapy (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02576236).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.13076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among Slovenian children and adolescents: A prospective cohort study","authors":"Anja Šterbenc,&nbsp;Uroš Godnov,&nbsp;Polona Maver Vodičar,&nbsp;Saša Simčič,&nbsp;Samo Jeverica,&nbsp;Živa Zaletel,&nbsp;Pia Homan,&nbsp;Eva Miler Mojškerc,&nbsp;Matjaž Homan","doi":"10.1111/hel.13082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13082","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection is primarily acquired in childhood and is notably influenced by socioeconomic variances across different geographical regions. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection in Slovenian children and to identify potential risk factors that facilitate the infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between 2019 and 2022, we conducted a multi-center prospective cross-sectional study among healthy children residing in three different administrative regions in Slovenia. <i>H. pylori</i> infection status was determined using a monoclonal antibody-based stool antigen test (SAT). A standardized questionnaire was designed to evaluate the influence of various <i>H. pylori</i>-associated risk factors, including demographics and socioeconomic, housing and sanitation conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During the 3-year period, we recruited a total of 421 children and adolescents (age range 2–18 years, mean age 10.29 ± 4.95 years). Overall, 46 (10.9%) were diagnosed with <i>H. pylori</i> infection. No associations were found between <i>H. pylori</i> prevalence rates and increasing age, sex, parental education level, country of birth of the child or their parents, number of household members, household income, having a dishwasher, owning a pet, duration of breastfeeding, fruit intake frequency, drinking tap water, and handwashing practices. The only parameters associated with an increased risk of infection were the location of the school (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and living in an urban area (<i>p</i> = 0.036). The odds of infection were approximately 4.77 times higher if the child attended school in the Central Slovenian compared to other regions (OR = 4.77; 95% CI 0.87–2.34).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the first study providing information on the prevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection among Slovenian children and adolescents. Using SAT, we have shown that the burden of <i>H. pylori</i> infection in our pediatric population is low; however, it seems to depend on regional rather than socioeconomic factors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140808003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of linked color imaging for gastric cancer by Helicobacter pylori infection status: A subanalysis of the large-scale, multicenter randomized controlled trial LCI-FIND","authors":"Mototsugu Kato,&nbsp;Shoko Ono,&nbsp;Kenro Kawada,&nbsp;Osamu Dohi,&nbsp;Shinji Kitamura,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Koike,&nbsp;Shinichiro Hori,&nbsp;Hiromitsu Kanzaki,&nbsp;Takahisa Murao,&nbsp;Nobuaki Yagi,&nbsp;Fumisato Sasaki,&nbsp;Keiichi Hashiguchi,&nbsp;Shiro Oka,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Katada,&nbsp;Ryo Shimoda,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Mizukami,&nbsp;Mitsuhiko Suehiro,&nbsp;Toshihisa Takeuchi,&nbsp;Shinichi Katsuki,&nbsp;Momoko Tsuda,&nbsp;Yuji Naito,&nbsp;Tatsuyuki Kawano,&nbsp;Ken Haruma,&nbsp;Keita Mori,&nbsp;Hideki Ishikawa","doi":"10.1111/hel.13080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13080","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Linked color imaging (LCI) is a new image enhancement technology that facilitates the recognition of subtle differences in mucosal color. In the large-scale, multicenter randomized controlled trial LCI-FIND, LCI demonstrated good diagnostic performance for the detection of tumor lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The aim of the present study was to exploratively evaluate the diagnostic performance of LCI according to <i>H. pylori</i> infection status as a subanalysis of LCI-FIND trial.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The patients were randomly allocated to receive white light imaging (WLI) first, followed by LCI (WLI group), or vice versa (LCI group), and the two groups were compared for the detection of tumors. Data from this trial were analyzed by the presence/absence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection and further analyzed by successful or unsuccessful eradication in the <i>H. pylori</i> infection group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The 752 patients in the WLI group and 750 patients in the LCI group who had participated in the LCI-FIND trial were included. In the successful eradication group, more gastric lesions were detected by primary mode in the LCI group than in the WLI group, indicating that more lesions were missed by WLI. Fisher's exact probability test for the comparison of the WLI and LCI groups yielded a <i>p</i>-value of 0.0068, with missed gastric lesions being detected 0.136 times (95% confidence interval: 0.020–0.923), significantly less with LCI than with WLI.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study suggests that LCI should be used for gastric cancer screening, particularly in patients with successful <i>H. pylori</i> eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140649508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four cases of non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter-infected gastritis with duodenal spiral bacilli","authors":"Hiroyuki Agawa,&nbsp;Toshihisa Tsukadaira,&nbsp;Natsuko Kobayashi,&nbsp;Himiko Kodaira,&nbsp;Hiroyoshi Ota,&nbsp;Takehisa Matsumoto,&nbsp;Kazuki Horiuchi,&nbsp;Tatsuya Negishi,&nbsp;Toshifumi Tada","doi":"10.1111/hel.13083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13083","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Non-<i>Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter</i> (NHPH) is rarely detected in duodenal mucosa due to its preference for slightly acidic environments. Here, we report four cases of NHPH-infected gastritis with duodenal spiral bacilli, potentially NHPH, indicating the possibility of duodenal mucosal infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In every case, gastric mucosa showed endoscopic findings characteristic of NHPH-infected gastritis, and a mucosal biopsy was taken from the duodenal bulb; spiral bacilli were identified under microscopy using Giemsa staining. Case 1, a 46-year-old man, had diffuse spotty redness, mucosal edema, and multiple tiny erosions in the duodenal bulb, along with larger erosions in the second portion of the duodenum upon endoscopic examination. Histopathologically, moderate infiltration of mononuclear cells and neutrophils in the lamina propria and gastric epithelial metaplasia were observed. Case 2, a 54-year-old man, showed an elevated lesion, 1 cm in diameter, with multiple red spots and a few tiny erosions in the duodenal bulb. Histopathologically, mild inflammatory cell infiltration and gastric epithelial metaplasia were observed. In Case 3, a 52-year-old man, endoscopy revealed a flat elevated lesion, 7 mm in diameter, with multiple red spots and a few tiny erosions in the anterior wall of the duodenal bulb. Histopathologically, we observed moderate inflammatory cell infiltration in the gastric antrum and gastric epithelial metaplasia in the duodenal bulb. Case 4, a 40-year-old man, showed mild spotty redness in the duodenal bulb. Histopathologically, mild mononucleocyte infiltration and gastric epithelial metaplasia were observed. A single spiral bacillus was observed in Case 4 by microscopy. In all but Case 2, <i>Helicobacter suis</i> was identified in the gastric juice by polymerase chain reaction analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Spiral bacilli resembling NHPH may infect the duodenal mucosa, particularly the bulb, causing inflammation. Gastric contents entering the duodenum may reduce the intraduodenal pH, promoting NHPH survival and proliferation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140649509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of microbiota in gastric cancer: A comprehensive review","authors":"Changzhen Lei,&nbsp;Yitian Xu,&nbsp;Shaopeng Zhang,&nbsp;Chen Huang,&nbsp;Jing Qin","doi":"10.1111/hel.13071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13071","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastric cancer (GC) continues to pose a significant global threat in terms of cancer-related fatalities. Despite notable advancements in medical research and therapies, further investigation is warranted to elucidate its underlying etiology and risk factors. Recent times have witnessed an escalated emphasis on comprehending the role of the microbiota in cancer development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This review briefly delves into recent developments in microbiome-related research pertaining to gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to studies, the microbiota can influence GC growth by inciting inflammation, disrupting immunological processes, and generating harmful microbial metabolites. Furthermore, there is ongoing research into how the microbiome can impact a patient's response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The utilization of the microbiome for detecting, preventing, and managing stomach cancer remains an active area of exploration.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140622655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the potency of zoliflodacin against Helicobacter pylori: In vitro activity and conserved GyrB target","authors":"Jing Liu,&nbsp;Jia Jia,&nbsp;Ting Shi,&nbsp;Yuefan Bai,&nbsp;Yanqiang Huang,&nbsp;Liping Zeng,&nbsp;Hongkai Bi","doi":"10.1111/hel.13075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current standard treatment for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection, which involves a combination of two broad-spectrum antibiotics, faces significant challenges due to its detrimental impact on the gut microbiota and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. This underscores the urgent requirement for the development of novel anti-<i>H. pylori</i> drugs. Zoliflodacin, a novel bacterial gyrase inhibitor, is currently undergoing global phase III clinical trials for treating uncomplicated <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>. However, there is no available data regarding its activity against <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We evaluated the in vitro activity of zoliflodacin against <i>H. pylori</i> clinical isolates (<i>n</i> = 123) with diverse multidrug resistance. We performed DNA gyrase supercoiling and microscale thermophoresis assays to identify the target of zoliflodacin in <i>H. pylori</i>. We analyzed 2262 <i>H. pylori</i> whole genome sequences to identify Asp424Asn and Lys445Asn mutations in DNA gyrase subunit B (GyrB) that are associated with zoliflodacin resistance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Zoliflodacin exhibits potent activity against all tested isolates, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.008 to 1 μg/mL (MIC₅₀: 0.125 μg/mL; MIC₉₀: 0.25 μg/mL). Importantly, there was no evidence of cross-resistance to any of the four first-line antibiotics commonly used against <i>H. pylori</i>. We identified GyrB as the primary target of zoliflodacin, with Asp424Asn or Lys445Asn substitutions conferring resistance. Screening of 2262 available <i>H. pylori</i> genomes for the two mutations revealed only one clinical isolate carrying Asp424Asn substitution.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings support the potential of zoliflodacin as a promising candidate for <i>H. pylori</i> treatment, warranting further development and evaluation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140559654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A reconstructed genome-scale metabolic model of Helicobacter pylori for predicting putative drug targets in clarithromycin and rifampicin resistance conditions","authors":"Sepideh Mofidifar,&nbsp;Abbas Yadegar,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossein Karimi-Jafari","doi":"10.1111/hel.13074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13074","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is considered a true human pathogen for which rising drug resistance constitutes a drastic concern globally. The present study aimed to reconstruct a genome-scale metabolic model (GSMM) to decipher the metabolic capability of <i>H. pylori</i> strains in response to clarithromycin and rifampicin along with identification of novel drug targets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The iIT341 model of <i>H. pylori</i> was updated based on genome annotation data, and biochemical knowledge from literature and databases. Context-specific models were generated by integrating the transcriptomic data of clarithromycin and rifampicin resistance into the model. Flux balance analysis was employed for identifying essential genes in each strain, which were further prioritized upon being nonhomologs to humans, virulence factor analysis, druggability, and broad-spectrum analysis. Additionally, metabolic differences between sensitive and resistant strains were also investigated based on flux variability analysis and pathway enrichment analysis of transcriptomic data.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The reconstructed GSMM was named as HpM485 model. Pathway enrichment and flux variability analyses demonstrated reduced activity in the ribosomal pathway in both clarithromycin- and rifampicin-resistant strains. Also, a significant decrease was detected in the activity of metabolic pathways of clarithromycin-resistant strain. Moreover, 23 and 16 essential genes were exclusively detected in clarithromycin- and rifampicin-resistant strains, respectively. Based on prioritization analysis, cyclopropane fatty acid synthase and phosphoenolpyruvate synthase were identified as putative drug targets in clarithromycin- and rifampicin-resistant strains, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present a robust and reliable metabolic model of <i>H. pylori</i>. This model can predict novel drug targets to combat drug resistance and explore the metabolic capability of <i>H. pylori</i> in various conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140553128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}