Helicobacter最新文献

{"title":"Indications of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment and Its Influence on Prescriptions and Effectiveness (Hp-EuReg)","authors":"Samuel J. Martínez-Domínguez,&nbsp;Olga P. Nyssen,&nbsp;Ángel Lanas,&nbsp;Enrique Alfaro,&nbsp;Laimas Jonaitis,&nbsp;Umud Mahmudov,&nbsp;Irina Voynovan,&nbsp;Babayeva Gülüstan,&nbsp;Luis Rodrigo,&nbsp;Giulia Fiorini,&nbsp;Ángeles Perez-Aisa,&nbsp;Javier Tejedor-Tejada,&nbsp;Bojan Tepes,&nbsp;Ludmila Vologzanina,&nbsp;Emin Mammadov,&nbsp;Frode Lerang,&nbsp;Quliyev Fərid Vidadi Oğlu,&nbsp;Natalia V. Bakulina,&nbsp;Rustam Abdulkhakov,&nbsp;Ilchishina Tatiana,&nbsp;Thomas J. Butler,&nbsp;Aiman Silkanovna Sarsenbaeva,&nbsp;Renate Bumane,&nbsp;Alfredo J. Lucendo,&nbsp;Marco Romano,&nbsp;Luis Bujanda,&nbsp;Sayar R. Abdulkhakov,&nbsp;Oleg Zaytsev,&nbsp;Manuel Pabón-Carrasco,&nbsp;Alma Keco-Huerga,&nbsp;Maja Denkovski,&nbsp;Jose M. Huguet,&nbsp;Monica Perona,&nbsp;Óscar Núñez,&nbsp;Matteo Pavoni,&nbsp;Galyna Fadieienko,&nbsp;Sergey Alekseenko,&nbsp;Sinead M. Smith,&nbsp;Luis Hernández,&nbsp;Juozas Kupcinskas,&nbsp;Dmitry S. Bordin,&nbsp;Mārcis Leja,&nbsp;Antonio Gasbarrini,&nbsp;Oleksiy Gridnyev,&nbsp;Anna Cano-Català,&nbsp;Pablo Parra,&nbsp;Leticia Moreira,&nbsp;Francis Mégraud,&nbsp;Colm O'Morain,&nbsp;Javier P. Gisbert,&nbsp;the Hp-EuReg Investigators","doi":"10.1111/hel.13111","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13111","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The influence of indications for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> investigation on prescriptions and effectiveness is unknown. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of indications for <i>H. pylori</i> investigation on prescriptions, effectiveness, compliance, and tolerance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>International, prospective, non-interventional registry of the management of <i>H. pylori</i> infection by European gastroenterologists (Hp-EuReg). Treatment-näive patients registered from 2013 to 2023 at e-CRF AEG-REDCap were analyzed. The effectiveness was assessed by modified intention-to-treat analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, 53,636 treatment-naïve cases from 34 countries were included. Most frequent indications were: dyspepsia with normal endoscopy (49%), non-investigated dyspepsia (20%), duodenal ulcer (11%), gastric ulcer (7.7%), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) (2.6%). Therapy effectiveness varied by indication: duodenal ulcer (91%), gastric ulcer (90%), preneoplastic lesions (90%), dyspepsia with normal endoscopy (89%), GERD (88%), and non-investigated dyspepsia (87%). Bismuth-metronidazole-tetracycline and clarithromycin-amoxicillin-bismuth quadruple therapies achieved 90% effectiveness in all indications except GERD. Concomitant clarithromycin-amoxicillin-tinidazole/metronidazole reached 90% cure rates except in patients with non-investigated dyspepsia; whereas sequential clarithromycin-amoxicillin-tinidazole/metronidazole proved optimal (≥90%) in patients with gastric ulcer only. Adverse events were higher in patients treated for dyspepsia with normal endoscopy and duodenal ulcer compared with the remaining indications (23% and 28%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Therapeutic compliance was higher in patients with duodenal ulcer and preneoplastic lesions (98% and 99%, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In Europe, patients with gastric or duodenal ulcers and preneoplastic lesions showed higher <i>H. pylori</i> treatment effectiveness. Bismuth and non-bismuth quadruple therapies achieved optimal results in almost all indications.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02328131.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.13111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141599224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting the Anti-Helicobacter Efficacy of Azithromycin through Natural Compounds: Insights From In Vitro, In Vivo, Histopathological, and Molecular Docking Investigations","authors":"Mahmoud M. Bendary,&nbsp;Arwa R. Elmanakhly,&nbsp;Farag M. Mosallam,&nbsp;Noaf Abdullah N. Alblwi,&nbsp;Rasha A. Mosbah,&nbsp;Walaa A. Alshareef,&nbsp;Heba M. R. M. Selim,&nbsp;Majid Alhomrani,&nbsp;Abdulhakeem S. Alamri,&nbsp;Nesreen A. Safwat,&nbsp;Ahmed M. E. Hamdan,&nbsp;Rana Elshimy","doi":"10.1111/hel.13110","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13110","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Antimicrobial-resistant <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) poses a significant public health concern, especially given the limited therapeutic options for azithromycin-resistant strains. Hence, there is a necessity for new studies to reconsider the use of azithromycin, which has diminished in effectiveness against numerous strains. Thus, we aimed to augment azithromycin's anti-<i>Helicobacter</i> properties by combining it with curcumin in different formulations, including curcumin in clove oil, curcumin nano-gold emulsion, and curcumin nanoemulsion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The antimicrobial activities of the investigated compounds, both individually and in combination with other anti-<i>Helicobacter</i> drugs, were evaluated. Their antibiofilm and anti-virulence properties were assessed using both phenotypic and genotypic methods, alongside molecular docking studies. Our findings were further validated through mouse protection assays and histopathological analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We observed high anti-<i>Helicobacter</i> activities of curcumin, especially curcumin nanoemulsion. A synergistic effect was detected between curcumin nanoemulsion and azithromycin with fraction inhibitory concentration index (FICI) values &lt;0.5. The curcumin nanoemulsion was the most active anti-biofilm and anti-virulence compound among the examined substances. The biofilm-correlated virulence genes (<i>babA</i> and <i>hopQ</i>) and <i>ureA</i> genes were downregulated (fold change &lt;1) post-treatment with curcumin nanoemulsion. On the protein level, the anti-virulence activities of curcumin nanoemulsion were documented based on molecular docking studies. These findings aligned with histopathological scoring of challenge mice, affirming the superior efficacy of curcumin nanoemulsion/azithromycin combination.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The anti-<i>Helicobacter</i> activities of all curcumin physical forms pose significant challenges due to their higher  minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values exceeding the maximum permissible level. However, using curcumin nanoemulsion at sub-MIC levels could enhance the anti-<i>Helicobacter</i> activity of azithromycin and exhibit anti-virulence properties, thereby improving patient outcomes and addressing resistant pathogens. Therefore, more extensive studies are necessary to assess the safety of incorporating curcumin nanoemulsion into <i>H. pylori</i> treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141599223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance of Helicobacter pylori Isolated From Latin American Children and Adolescents (2008–2023): A Systematic Review","authors":"Camila Cabrera,&nbsp;Joaquín Torres,&nbsp;Carolina A. Serrano,&nbsp;Paulina Gallardo,&nbsp;Vicente Orellana,&nbsp;Sergio George,&nbsp;Miguel O'Ryan,&nbsp;Yalda Lucero","doi":"10.1111/hel.13101","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13101","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Latin America has a high prevalence of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in children that may lead to peptic ulcer disease and eventually gastric cancer in adulthood. Successful eradication is hindered by rising antimicrobial resistance. We summarize <i>H. pylori</i> resistance rates in Latin American children from 2008 to 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systematic review following PRISMA guidelines and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute checklist to assess risk of bias (PROSPERO CRD42024517108) that included original cross-sectional observational studies reporting resistance to commonly used antibiotics in Latin American children and adolescents. We searched in PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO databases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 51 studies, 45 were excluded. The quality of the six analyzed studies (297 <i>H. pylori</i>-positive samples) was satisfactory. Phenotypic methods (<i>N</i> = 3) reported higher resistance rates than genotypic studies (<i>N</i> = 3). Clarithromycin resistance ranged from 8.0% to 26.7% (6 studies; 297 samples), metronidazole from 1.9% to 40.2% (4 studies; 211 samples), amoxicillin from 0% to 10.4% (3 studies; 158 samples), tetracycline resistance was not detected (3 studies; 158 samples), and levofloxacin resistance was 2.8% (1 study; 36 samples).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Scarce Latin American studies on <i>H. pylori</i> resistance, along with methodological heterogeneity, hinder conclusive findings. Clarithromycin and metronidazole (first-line drugs) resistance is worrisome, likely impacting lower eradication rates. Urgent systematic surveillance or individual testing before treatment is necessary to enhance eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141579528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effects of fecal microbiota transplantation on gut microbiota after Helicobacter pylori eradication with bismuth quadruple therapy: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Jing-Tao Zhao,&nbsp;Yi Zhang,&nbsp;Xing-Wei Wang,&nbsp;Pei-Ying Zou,&nbsp;Zhe Zhao,&nbsp;Hao Mei,&nbsp;Yu-Xiang Liu,&nbsp;Na-Yun Su,&nbsp;Yang-Jie Zhu,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Yan-Ling Wei,&nbsp;Dong-Feng Chen,&nbsp;Chun-Hui Lan","doi":"10.1111/hel.13079","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13079","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eradicating <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection by bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT) is effective. However, the effect of BQT and subsequent fecal microbiota transplant (FMT) on the gut microbiota is less known.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective randomized controlled trial was conducted at a tertiary hospital in China from January 2019 to October 2020, with the primary endpoints the effect of BQT on the gut microbiota and the effect of FMT on the gut microbiota after bismuth quadruple therapy eradication therapy. A 14-day BQT with amoxicillin and clarithromycin was administered to <i>H. pylori</i>-positive subjects, and after eradication therapy, patients received a one-time FMT or placebo treatment. We then collected stool samples to assess the effects of 14-day BQT and FMT on the gut microbiota. 16 s rDNA and metagenomic sequencing were used to analyze the structure and function of intestinal flora. We also used Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) to evaluate gastrointestinal symptom during treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 30 patients were recruited and 15 were assigned to either FMT or placebo groups. After eradication therapy, alpha-diversity was decreased in both groups. At the phylum level, the abundance of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes decreased, while Proteobacteria increased. At the genus level, the abundance of beneficial bacteria decreased, while pathogenic bacteria increased. Eradication therapy reduced some resistance genes abundance while increased the resistance genes abundance linked to <i>Escherichia coli</i>. While they all returned to baseline by Week 10. Besides, the difference was observed in Week 10 by the diarrhea score between two groups. Compared to Week 2, the GSRS total score and diarrhea score decreased in Week 3 only in FMT group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The balance of intestinal flora in patients can be considerably impacted by BQT in the short term, but it has reverted back to baseline by Week 10. FMT can alleviate gastrointestinal symptoms even if there was no evidence it promoted restoration of intestinal flora.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141563312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrin-Linked Kinase in the Development of Gastric Tumors Induced by Helicobacter pylori: Regulation and Prevention Potential","authors":"Boqing Li,&nbsp;Jing He,&nbsp;Ruiqing Zhang,&nbsp;Sisi Liu,&nbsp;Xiaolin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhiqin Li,&nbsp;Chunlei Ma,&nbsp;Wenke Wang,&nbsp;Yingzi Cui,&nbsp;Ying Zhang","doi":"10.1111/hel.13109","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13109","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is crucial in solid tumors by regulating the Hippo-Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) pathway. This study aimed to uncover how <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> influences ILK levels and its role in regulating YAP during <i>H. pylori</i>-induced gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GES-1 cells with stable <i>Ilk</i> knockdown and overexpression and a mouse carcinogenesis model for <i>H. pylori</i> infection were constructed. And ILK, the phosphorylated mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1 (MST1), large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1; S909, T1079), and YAP (S109, S127) were detected in cells, and mice by western blotting, as well as fluorescence intensity of YAP were assayed by immunofluorescence. YAP downstream genes <i>Igfbp4</i> and <i>Ctgf</i>, the pathological changes and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and nitric oxide (NO) levels in mice gastric tissues were detected by real-time PCR, H&amp;E, and ELISA assays.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, stable <i>Ilk</i> knockdown cells exhibited significantly higher phosphorylated levels of MST1, LATS1, and YAP, as well as increased YAP in the nuclei of GES-1 cells. Conversely, cells with <i>Ilk</i> overexpression showed opposite results. <i>H. pylori</i> infection led to decreased ILK levels in gastric epithelial cells but increased ILK levels in gastric cancer cell lines (MGC803, SGC7901) and gastric cancer tissues in mice. Treatment with the ILK inhibitor OST-T315 elevated the phosphorylated MST, LATS1, and YAP levels, and inhibited the mRNA levels of <i>Igfbp4</i> and <i>Ctgf</i> at 44, 48 week-aged mice. OST-T315 also reduced the release of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NO, as well as the progression of gastric cancer caused by <i>H. pylori</i> and <i>N</i>-Nitroso-<i>N</i>-methylurea (NMU) treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Upon initiation of gastric tumorigenesis signals, <i>H. pylori</i> increases ILK levels and suppresses Hippo signaling, thereby promoting YAP activation and gastric cancer progression. ILK can serve as a potential prevention target to impede <i>H. pylori</i>-induced gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141476516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori Infection Does Not Protect Against Allergic Diseases: Evidence From a Pediatric Cohort From Northern Sardinia, Italy","authors":"Maria Pina Dore,&nbsp;Gianfranco Meloni,&nbsp;Ica Bassu,&nbsp;Giovanni Mario Pes","doi":"10.1111/hel.13107","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The “hygiene hypothesis” states that reduced exposure to microbial antigens due to an excessively hygienic environment can increase the risk of developing autoimmune diseases, including atopic disorders and asthma. In recent decades, there has been a progressive decline in the prevalence of numerous microorganisms following improved hygienic-sanitary conditions. More specifically, several studies reported an inverse association between the reduction in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection and the rise of asthma and allergic disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the prevalence of atopic disorders in a pediatric population in relation to seropositivity against <i>H. pylori</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children from Northern Sardinia, Italy, referred to the local Children's Hospital for any reason, were investigated to identify risk factors, especially <i>H. pylori</i> infection, associated with atopic disorders. A validated questionnaire, including demographics, house size, history of breastfeeding, residence, school or daycare center attendance, exposure to animals, and a defined diagnosis of atopy—including asthma—was filled out by a trained pediatrician according to parents' answers and child records. A blood sample was collected from each participant and immunoglobulin G against <i>H. pylori</i> was assessed by a locally validated ELISA test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The seroprevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection was 11.7% among 492 children (240 females). Thirty-two children had a confirmed diagnosis of asthma and 12 of allergy. No one child showed both conditions. Statistically significant differences in <i>H. pylori</i> seropositivity were not detected between children with or without atopy (8.4% vs. 12.6; <i>p</i> = 0.233). Although atopic disorders were more frequent in children exposed to traditional atopic risk factors, none of them showed to be significant after adjusting for all covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serologically assessed <i>H. pylori</i> infection was not significantly associated with a reduced risk of atopic diseases in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunoinformatics-Based Designing of Novel and Potent Multi-Epitope PSA D15 and Cag11 Immunogens for Helicobacter pylori Immunodiagnostic Assay Development","authors":"Biniam Moges Eskeziyaw,&nbsp;Rebecca Waihenya,&nbsp;Naomi Maina,&nbsp;Samson Muuo Nzou","doi":"10.1111/hel.13104","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13104","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) strain is the most genetically diverse pathogenic bacterium and now alarming serious human health concern ranging from chronic gastritis to gastric cancer and human death all over the world. Currently, the majority of commercially available diagnostic assays for <i>H. pylori</i> is a challenging task due to the heterogeneity of virulence factors in various geographical regions. In this concern, designing of universal multi-epitope immunogenic biomarker targeted for all <i>H. pylori</i> strains would be crucial to successfully immunodiagnosis assay and vaccine development for <i>H. pylori</i> infection. Hence, the present study aimed to explore the potential immunogenic epitopes of PSA D15 and Cag11 proteins of <i>H. pylori</i>, using immunoinformatics web tools in order to design novel immune-reactive multi-epitope antigens for enhanced immunodiagnosis in humans. Through an in silico immunoinformatics approach, high-ranked B-cell, MHC-I, and MHC-II epitopes of PSA D15 and Cag11 proteins were predicted, screened, and selected. Subsequently, a novel multi-epitope PSA D15 and Cag11 antigens were designed by fused the high-ranked B-cell, MHC-I, and MHC-II epitopes and 50S ribosomal protein L7/L12 adjuvant using linkers. The antigenicity, solubility, physicochemical properties, secondary and tertiary structures, 3D model refinement, and validations were carried. Furthermore, the designed multi-epitope antigens were subjected to codon adaptation and in silico cloning, immune response simulation, and molecular docking with receptor molecules. A novel, stable multi-epitope PSA D15 and Cag11 <i>H. pylori</i> antigens were developed and immune simulation of the designed antigens showed desirable levels of immunological response. Molecular docking of designed antigens with immune receptors (B-cell, MHC-I, MHC-II, and TLR-2/4) revealed robust interactions and stable binding affinity to the receptors. The codon optimized and in silico cloned showed that the designed antigens were successfully expressed (CAI value of 0.95 for PSA D15 and 1.0 for Cag11) after inserted into pET-32ba (+) plasmid of the <i>E. coli</i> K12 strain. In conclusion, this study revealed that the designed multi-epitope antigens have a huge immunological potential candidate biomarker and useful in developing immunodiagnostic assays and vaccines for <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Interplay Between Helicobacter pylori and Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) Molecules in the Development of Gastric Cancer and Induction of Immune Response","authors":"Abdollah Jafarzadeh,&nbsp;Zahra Jafarzadeh,&nbsp;Maryam Nemati,&nbsp;Akihiko Yoshimura","doi":"10.1111/hel.13105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13105","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) colonizes the stomach and leads to the secretion of a vast range of cytokines by infiltrated leukocytes directing immune/inflammatory response against the bacterium. To regulate immune/inflammatory responses, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins bind to multiple signaling components located downstream of cytokine receptors, such as Janus kinase (JAK), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT). Dysfunctional SOCS proteins in immune cells may facilitate the immune evasion of <i>H. pylori</i>, allowing the bacteria to induce chronic inflammation. Dysregulation of SOCS expression and function can contribute to the sustained <i>H. pylori</i>-mediated gastric inflammation which can lead to gastric cancer (GC) development. Among SOCS molecules, dysregulated expression of SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 were indicated in <i>H. pylori</i>-infected individuals as well as in GC tissues and cells. <i>H. pylori</i>-induced SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 dysregulation can contribute to the GC development. The expression of SOCS molecules can be influenced by various factors, such as epigenetic DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, and gene polymorphisms. Modulation of the expression of SOCS molecules in gastric epithelial cells and immune cells can be considered to control gastric carcinogenesis as well as regulate antitumor immune responses, respectively. This review aimed to explain the interplay between <i>H. pylori</i> and SOCS molecules in GC development and immune response induction as well as to provide insights regarding potential therapeutic strategies modulating SOCS molecules.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eradication Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: Review","authors":"Shu Sahara,&nbsp;Mitsushige Sugimoto,&nbsp;Masaki Murata,&nbsp;Eri Iwata,&nbsp;Takashi Kawai,&nbsp;Kazunari Murakami,&nbsp;Yoshio Yamaoka,&nbsp;Tadashi Shimoyama","doi":"10.1111/hel.13106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13106","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) often develop gastrointestinal diseases. Recently, although in general population, clinical guidelines for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> have strongly recommended its eradication in patients to prevent gastric cancer, optimal eradication regimen and optimal dosage of drugs for patients receiving HD have not been established, due to possible incidence of adverse events. Some antimicrobial agents used in eradication therapy, particularly amoxicillin, can exacerbate renal dysfunction. Given the delayed pharmacokinetics of drugs in patients receiving HD compared with those in healthy individuals, drug regimen and dosage should be considered to minimize adverse effects. Although previous studies have investigated the benefits of eradication therapy for patients receiving HD, because most studies were small in terms of the number of enrolled patients, it is hard to show evidence. The numbers of eradication in HD patients have recently increased, and it is important to provide an optimal regimen. The consideration of eradication in patients undergoing HD with a reduction in the drug dose by 1/2–1/3 may prevent adverse events. Additionally, another important consideration is whether adverse events can be prevented while maintaining a similar eradication rate with reduced drug dosages. Recent meta-analysis findings indicate comparable eradication rates in patients receiving HD and healthy individuals, both with the same dosage regimen and at a reduced dosage regimen, with no significant differences (relative risk [RR] for successful eradication: 0.85 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.48–1.50]). Unlike with the same dosage regimen (RR for adverse events: 3.15 [95% CI: 1.93–5.13]), the adverse events in the dosage reduction regimen were similar to those in healthy individuals (RR: 1.26 [95% CI: 0.23–6.99]). From a pharmacological perspective, the eradication regimen in patients receiving HD should consider the dosage (1/2–1/3 dosage), dosing number (bid), dosing timing of drugs (after HD), and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Primary Antibiotic Resistance Rate of Helicobacter pylori in Recent 10 years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Yanhui Yu,&nbsp;Jing Xue,&nbsp;Fangbing Lin,&nbsp;Daming Liu,&nbsp;Wen Zhang,&nbsp;Shuying Ru,&nbsp;Feng Jiang","doi":"10.1111/hel.13103","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to irregular antibiotic use, the rate of antibiotic resistance to <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) is increasing and varies from region to region. Therefore, for the purpose of further clarifying the changes in antibiotic resistance rates nowadays, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to update and assess the 10-year trend of primary <i>H. pylori</i> antibiotic resistance rate to the commonly prescribed antibiotics worldwide.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to the PRISMA statement, we systematically searched electronic databases for studies that assessed rates of <i>H. pylori</i> resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, levofloxacin, amoxicillin, or tetracycline published from 2013 to 2023. AHRQ was adopted to estimate methodological quality and publication bias in the included studies, and statistical analysis was performed using Stata 17.0.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 163 studies, comprising 47,002 isolates from 36 countries. The meta-analysis showed that the primary antibiotic resistance rate of <i>H. pylori</i> varied widely among antibiotics. Subgroup analysis showed higher rates of antibiotic resistance in the adult population than in children, and a general trend of increased resistance was observed from 2013 to 2023. There was considerable heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² &gt; 75%) among all analyses, which may be due to high variability in resistance rates across the global regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resistance of <i>H. pylori</i> to antibiotics has reached alarming levels worldwide, which has a great effect on the efficacy of treatment. Local surveillance networks are required to select appropriate eradication regimens for each region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141426759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}