Helicobacter最新文献

{"title":"Application of cefuroxime in the eradication therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection: A review article","authors":"Changmin Mi,&nbsp;Baojun Suo,&nbsp;Xueli Tian,&nbsp;Yuxin Wang,&nbsp;Lingling Ma,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Song","doi":"10.1111/hel.13073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13073","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection and its associated diseases represent a significant global health concern. Patients who cannot use amoxicillin pose a therapeutic challenge and necessitate alternative medications. Preliminary research indicates that cefuroxime demonstrates promising potential for eradicating <i>H. pylori</i> infection, and there is a lack of comprehensive review articles on the use of cefuroxime.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study conducts a thorough systematic literature review and synthesis. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine disc, and Wanfang Data up to January 13, 2024. The search strategy utilized the following keywords: (Cefuroxime) AND (<i>Helicobacter pylori</i> OR <i>Helicobacter nemestrinae</i> OR <i>Campylobacter pylori</i> OR <i>Campylobacter pylori</i> subsp. <i>pylori</i> OR <i>Campylobacter pyloridis</i> OR <i>H. pylori</i> OR Hp) for both English and Chinese language publications. Sixteen studies from five different countries or regions were included in final literature review.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analysis results indicate that <i>H. pylori</i> is sensitive to cefuroxime, with resistance rates similar to amoxicillin being relatively low. Regimens containing cefuroxime have shown favorable eradication rates, which were comparable to those of the regimens containing amoxicillin. Regarding safety, the incidence of adverse reactions in cefuroxime-containing eradication regimens was comparable to that of amoxicillin-containing regimens or other bismuth quadruple regimens, with no significant increase in allergic reactions in penicillin-allergic patients. Regarding compliance, studies consistently report high compliance rates for regimens containing cefuroxime.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cefuroxime can serve as an alternative to amoxicillin for the patients allergic to penicillin with satisfactory efficacies, safety, and compliance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140544558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refractoriness to anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment attributed to phenotypic resistance patterns in patients with gastroduodenopathy in Guayaquil-Ecuador","authors":"Javier David Lara Icaza,&nbsp;Rosalina Lara Tapia,&nbsp;Cástula Tania Castro Triana,&nbsp;Laura Catalina Romero Ramírez","doi":"10.1111/hel.13060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13060","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Treatment of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> gastric infection is complex and associated with increased rates of therapeutic failure. This research aimed to characterize the <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection status, strain resistance to antimicrobial agents, and the predominant lesion pattern in the gastroduodenal mucosa of patients with clinical suspicion of refractoriness to first- and second-line treatment who were diagnosed and treated in a health center in Guayaquil, Ecuador.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 374 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms and <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection were preselected and prescribed one of three triple therapy regimens for primary infection, as judged by the treating physician. Subsequently, 121 patients who returned to the follow-up visit with persistent symptoms after treatment were studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All patients had <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> infection. Histopathological examination diagnosed chronic active gastritis in 91.7% of cases; premalignant lesions were observed in 15.8%. The three triple therapy schemes applied showed suboptimal efficacy (between 47.6% and 77.2%), with the best performance corresponding to the scheme consisting of a proton pump inhibitor + amoxicillin + levofloxacin. Bacterial strains showed very high phenotypic resistance to all five antimicrobials tested: clarithromycin, 82.9%; metronidazole, 69.7%; amoxicillin and levofloxacin, almost 50%; tetracycline, 38.2%. Concurrent resistance to clarithromycin–amoxicillin was 43.4%, to tetracycline–metronidazole 30.3%, to amoxicillin–levofloxacin 27.6%, and to clarithromycin–metronidazole 59.2%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In vitro testing revealed resistance to all five antibiotics, indicating that <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> exhibited resistance phenotypes to these antibiotics. Consequently, the effectiveness of triple treatments may be compromised, and further studies are needed to assess refractoriness in quadruple and concomitant therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140351589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori enhances HLA-C expression in the human gastric adenocarcinoma cells AGS and can protect them from the cytotoxicity of natural killer cells","authors":"Etikala Apoorva,&nbsp;Rini Jacob,&nbsp;Desirazu N. Rao,&nbsp;Santosh Kumar","doi":"10.1111/hel.13069","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) seems to play causative roles in gastric cancers. <i>H. pylori</i> has also been detected in established gastric cancers. How the presence of <i>H. pylori</i> modulates immune response to the cancer is unclear. The cytotoxicity of natural killer (NK) cells, toward infected or malignant cells, is controlled by the repertoire of activating and inhibitory receptors expressed on their surface. Here, we studied <i>H. pylori</i>-induced changes in the expression of ligands, of activating and inhibitory receptors of NK cells, in the gastric adenocarcinoma AGS cells, and their impacts on NK cell responses. AGS cells lacked or had low surface expression of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) molecules HLA-E and HLA-C—ligands of the major NK cell inhibitory receptors NKG2A and killer-cell Ig-like receptor (KIR), respectively. However, AGS cells had high surface expression of ligands of activating receptors DNAM-1 and CD2, and of the adhesion molecules LFA-1. Consistently, AGS cells were sensitive to killing by NK cells despite the expression of inhibitory KIR on NK cells. Furthermore, <i>H. pylori</i> enhanced HLA-C surface expression on AGS cells. <i>H. pylori</i> infection enhanced HLA-C protein synthesis, which could explain <i>H. pylori</i>-induced HLA-C surface expression. <i>H. pylori</i> infection enhanced HLA-C surface expression also in the hepatoma Huh7 and HepG2 cells. Furthermore, <i>H. pylori</i>-induced HLA-C surface expression on AGS cells promoted inhibition of NK cells by KIR, and thereby protected AGS cells from NK cell cytotoxicity. These results suggest that <i>H. pylori</i> enhances HLA-C expression in host cells and protects them from the cytotoxic attack of NK cells expressing HLA-C-specific inhibitory receptors.</p>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140184273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis by combination of endoscopic findings helps differentiate non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter-infected gastritis from Helicobacter pylori-infected gastritis","authors":"Takuma Okamura,&nbsp;Yugo Iwaya,&nbsp;Tadanobu Nagaya,&nbsp;Kazuki Horiuchi,&nbsp;Tatsuya Negishi,&nbsp;Hiroyoshi Ota,&nbsp;Takeji Umemura","doi":"10.1111/hel.13070","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13070","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The characteristic endoscopic findings of non-<i>Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter</i> (NHPH) gastritis, including white marbled appearance and crack-like mucosa, have been reported. However, these findings can also manifest in <i>H. pylori</i> (HP)-infected gastritis. This study compared NHPH gastritis and mild atrophic HP gastritis to identify features that may enhance NHPH diagnosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 2087 patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and were histologically evaluated by multiple gastric mucosal biopsies according to the updated Sydney System (USS) at Shinshu University Hospital between 2005 and 2023. Among them, nine patients were classified into the NHPH group and 134 patients with HP infection and mild atrophy were classified into the HP group for retrospective comparisons of endoscopic findings and clinicopathological characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>All nine patients in the NHPH group (eight males [89%], median ± standard deviation [SD] age: 49 ± 13.0 years) were infected with <i>H. suis</i>. The 134 patients in the HP group contained 70 men (52%) and had a median ± SD age of 35 ± 19.9 years. Endoscopic findings were statistically comparable for white marbled appearance (three patients [33%] in the NHPH group and 37 patients [31%] in the HP group) and crack-like mucosa (three patients [33%] and 27 patients [20%], respectively). Diffuse redness was significantly less frequent in the NHPH group (one patient [14%] vs. 97 patients [72%], <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). White marbled appearance or crack-like mucosa without diffuse redness was significantly more common in the NHPH group (56% vs. 13%, <i>p</i> = 0.004), with a sensitivity and specificity of 56% and 87%, respectively. Mean USS neutrophil infiltration and <i>Helicobacter</i> density scores were significantly higher in the HP group (both <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), which might have influenced the endoscopic findings of diffuse redness.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When endoscopic findings of white marbled appearance or cracked-like mucosa are present, evaluation for diffuse redness may contribute to a more accurate diagnosis of NHPH gastritis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140184272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral immunotherapy for Helicobacter pylori: Can it be trusted? A systematic review","authors":"Mohammad Hossein Peypar,&nbsp;Amin Vesal Yeganeh,&nbsp;Ali Ramazani,&nbsp;Arman Alizadeh,&nbsp;Mahdi Abdorrashidi,&nbsp;Amirmohammad Tohidinia,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahdi Shamlou,&nbsp;Mohammad Heiat","doi":"10.1111/hel.13067","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13067","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) is a rod-shaped, gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium that can be identified by gram staining. Its relationship with cancer is significant since it is involved in approximately 80% of gastric cancers and 5.5% of all malignant cancers. Two lines of treatment have been defined for <i>H. pylori</i>, but almost 40% of patients do not respond to the first line. Recent trials have investigated oral Immunotherapy as a new treatment method. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the potential effects of oral Immunotherapy on eradication rate of <i>H. pylori</i> in human studies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. We searched online databases, including Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science (ISI). Our search strategy was limited to English articles and studies on human populations that use oral immunotherapy for <i>H. pylori</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The total number of primary research records in different databases was 2775. After removing duplicate articles (<i>n</i> = 870), we excluded 1829 for reasons including non-human studies, irrelevance to our study objective, non-English language, or lack of information. Of the remaining 76 articles, only seven had sufficient information, and the rest were excluded. The studies were divided into two groups: those that used bovine antibody and those that used immunoglobulin Y to eradicate <i>H. pylori</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In the group of Immunoglobulin Y, three out of four studies suggest that using Immunoglobulin Y for the treatment of <i>H. pylori</i> infection is significant. However, the group using bovine antibody for the treatment of <i>H. pylori</i> infection has various results, as two out of three studies concluded that bovine antibody therapy is not significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140184319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress in photodynamic therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection","authors":"Qian Luo,&nbsp;Chunyan Liu,&nbsp;Aiping Zhang,&nbsp;Dekui Zhang","doi":"10.1111/hel.13068","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13068","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) is a pathogenic microorganism that colonizes the human gastric mucosa and can lead to various gastric disorders, including gastritis, gastric ulcers, and gastric cancer. However, the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance in <i>H. pylori</i> has prompted the search for alternative treatment options. Photodynamic therapy has emerged as a potential alternative therapy, thus offering the advantage of avoiding some of the side effects associated with antibiotics and effectively targeting drug-resistant strains. In the postantibiotic era, photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown promise as a novel treatment for <i>H. pylori</i> infection. This review focused on elucidating the mechanism of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of <i>H. pylori</i>. Additionally, we present an overview of the current research on photodynamic therapy by examining both standalone photodynamic therapy and combination therapies for <i>H. pylori</i> infection treatment. Furthermore, the safety profile of photodynamic therapy was also evaluated. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects associated with this innovative technology, with an aim to provide new insights and methodologies for the treatment of <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140143335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antagonizing roles of SHP1 in the pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori infection","authors":"Si Chen,&nbsp;Huilin Zhao,&nbsp;Yue Tian,&nbsp;Qianwen Wu,&nbsp;Jianhui Zhang,&nbsp;Shuzhen Liu,&nbsp;Ying Zhang,&nbsp;Yulong Wu,&nbsp;Boqing Li,&nbsp;Shu Chen,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Wang,&nbsp;Ruoyu Xiao,&nbsp;Xiaofei Ji","doi":"10.1111/hel.13066","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13066","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SHP1 has been documented as a tumor suppressor and it was thought to play an antagonistic role in the pathogenesis of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection. In this study, the exact mechanism of this antagonistic action was studied.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>AGS, MGC803, and GES-1 cells were infected with <i>H. pylori</i>, intracellular distribution changes of SHP1 were first detected by immunofluorescence. SHP1 overexpression and knockdown were then constructed in these cells to investigate its antagonistic roles in <i>H. pylori</i> infection. Migration and invasion of infected cells were detected by transwell assay, secretion of IL-8 was examined via ELISA, the cells with hummingbird-like alteration were determined by microexamination, and activation of JAK2/STAT3, PI3K/Akt, and ERK pathways were detected by immunoblotting. Mice infection model was established and gastric pathological changes were evaluated. Finally, the SHP1 activator sorafenib was used to analyze the attenuating effect of SHP1 activation on <i>H. pylori</i> pathogenesis in vitro and in vivo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The sub-localization of SHP1 changed after <i>H. pylori</i> infection, specifically that the majority of the cytoplasmic SHP1 was transferred to the cell membrane. SHP1 inhibited <i>H. pylori</i>-induced activation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway, PI3K/Akt pathway, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and then reduced EMT, migration, invasion, and IL-8 secretion. In addition, SHP1 inhibited the formation of CagA-SHP2 complex by dephosphorylating phosphorylated CagA, reduced ERK phosphorylation and the formation of CagA-dependent hummingbird-like cells. In the mice infection model, gastric pathological changes were observed and increased IL-8 secretion, indicators of cell proliferation and EMT progression were also detected. By activating SHP1 with sorafenib, a significant curative effect against <i>H. pylori</i> infection was obtained in vitro and in vivo.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>SHP1 plays an antagonistic role in <i>H. pylori</i> pathogenesis by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/Akt pathways, NF-κB nuclear translocation, and CagA phosphorylation, thereby reducing cell EMT, migration, invasion, IL-8 secretion, and hummingbird-like changes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140101510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of mixed-infection rate of clarithromycin-susceptible and clarithromycin-resistant Helicobacter pylori strains on the success rate of clarithromycin-based eradication treatment","authors":"Momoko Tsuda,&nbsp;Yoshiyuki Watanabe,&nbsp;Ritsuko Oikawa,&nbsp;Ryosuke Watanabe,&nbsp;Masayuki Higashino,&nbsp;Kimitoshi Kubo,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Yamamoto,&nbsp;Fumio Itoh,&nbsp;Mototsugu Kato","doi":"10.1111/hel.13062","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13062","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clarithromycin (CAM) resistance is a major contributor to the failure to eradicate <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i>). The mixed-infection ratio of CAM-susceptible and CAM-resistant <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> strains differs among individuals. Pyrosequencing analysis can be used to quantify gene mutations at position each 2142 and 2143 of the <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> 23S rRNA gene in intragastric fluid samples. Herein, we aimed to clarify the impact of the rate of mixed infection with CAM-susceptible and CAM-resistant <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> strains on the success rate of CAM-containing eradication therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sixty-four <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i>-positive participants who received CAM-based eradication therapy, also comprising vonoprazan and amoxicillin, were enrolled in this prospective cohort study. Biopsy and intragastric fluid samples were collected during esophagogastroduodenoscopy. <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> culture and CAM-susceptibility <b>t</b>ests were performed on the biopsy samples, and real-time PCR and pyrosequencing analyses were performed on the intragastric fluid samples. The mutation rates and eradication success rates were compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The overall CAM-based eradication success rate was 84% (54/64): 62% (13/21) for CAM-resistant strains, and 95% (39/41) for CAM-sensitive strains. When the mutation rate of the 23S rRNA gene was 20% or lower for both positions (2142 and 2143), the eradication success rate was 90% or more. However, when the mutation rate was 20% or higher, the eradication success rate was lower (60%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mutation rate of the CAM-resistance gene was related to the success of eradication therapy, as determined via pyrosequencing analysis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140065163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volatilomic signatures of different strains of Helicobacter pylori","authors":"Reinis Vangravs,&nbsp;Linda Mežmale,&nbsp;Daria Ślefarska-Wolak,&nbsp;Edgars Dauss,&nbsp;Clemens Ager,&nbsp;Alejandro H. Corvalan,&nbsp;Elmer Andrés Fernández,&nbsp;Chris A. Mayhew,&nbsp;Marcis Leja,&nbsp;Paweł Mochalski","doi":"10.1111/hel.13064","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13064","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;pylori&lt;/i&gt;) infection is the most extensively studied risk factor for gastric cancer. As with any bacteria, &lt;i&gt;H&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;pylori&lt;/i&gt; will release distinctive odors that result from an emission of volatile metabolic byproducts in unique combinations and proportions. Effectively capturing and identifying these volatiles can pave the way for the development of innovative and non-invasive diagnostic methods for determining infection. Here we characterize the &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; volatilomic signature, pinpoint potential biomarkers of its presence, and evaluate the variability of volatilomic signatures between different &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; isolates.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Materials and Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Using needle trap extraction, volatiles in the headspace above &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; cultures were collected and, following thermal desorption at 290°C in a splitless mode, were analyzed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The resulting volatilomic signatures of &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; cultures were compared to those obtained from an analysis of the volatiles in the headspace above the cultivating medium only.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Amongst the volatiles detected, 21 showed consistent differences between the bacteria cultures and the cultivation medium, with 11 compounds being elevated and 10 showing decreased levels in the culture's headspace. The 11 elevated volatiles are four ketones (2-pentanone, 5-methyl-3-heptanone, 2-heptanone, and 2-nonanone), three alcohols (2-methyl-1-propanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, and 1 butanol), one aromatic (styrene), one aldehyde (2-ethyl-hexanal), one hydrocarbon (n-octane), and one sulfur compound (dimethyl disulfide). The 10 volatiles with lower levels in the headspace of the cultures are four aldehydes (2-methylpropanal, benzaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, and butanal), two heterocyclic compounds (2-ethylfuran and 2-pentylfuran), one ketone (2-butanone), one aromatic (benzene), one alcohol (2-butanol) and bromodichloromethane. Of the volatile species showing increased levels, the highest emissions are found to be for 3-methyl-1-butanol, 1-butanol and dimethyl disulfide. Qualitative variations in their emissions from the different isolates was observed.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The volatiles emitted by &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; provide a characteristic volatilome signature that has the potential of being developed as a tool for monitoring infections caused by this pathogen. Furthermore, using the volatilome signatur","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.13064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140065164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disruption of the gastric epithelial barrier in Correa's cascade: Clinical evidence via confocal endomicroscopy","authors":"Shao-Tong Wang,&nbsp;Hua-Wei Yang,&nbsp;Wen-Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhen Li,&nbsp;Rui Ji","doi":"10.1111/hel.13065","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13065","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastric epithelial barrier disruption constitutes a crucial step in gastric cancer (GC). We investigated these disruptions during the Correa's cascade timeline to correlate epithelial barrier dysfunction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted as a single-center, non-randomized clinical trial in China from May 2019 to October 2022. Patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG), gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM), low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN), high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN), and intramucosal carcinoma underwent probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (pCLE). The pCLE scoring system was used to assess gastric epithelial barrier disruption semi-quantitatively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We enrolled 95 patients who underwent a pCLE examination. The control group consisted of 15 individuals, and the experimental group included 17 patients with CAG, 27 patients with GIM, 20 patients with LGIN, and 16 patients with early gastric cancer (EGC). Apart from CAG, which showed no significant difference compared to the control group, a significantly higher incidence of gastric epithelial barrier damage was found in the GIM, LGIN, and EGC groups compared to the control group (Kruskal–Wallis <i>H</i> test = 69.295, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). There is no difference in LGIN patients between GIM and LGIN areas, and there is no difference between the two groups compared with the EGC group. The intestinal metaplasia area in LGIN patients causes more severe gastric epithelial damage compared to that in non-LGIN patients. Additionally, compared to control group, a significant difference (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) was noted between individuals with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>-positive atrophic gastritis and those with IM, whereas no significant difference (<i>p</i> &gt; 0.05) was observed among individuals with <i>H. pylori</i>-negative atrophic gastritis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The gastric epithelial barrier remains dysfunctional from the initiation of <i>H. pylori</i> infection to GC progression. Beyond the “point of no return,” subsequent carcinogenesis processes may be attributed to other mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140039203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}