Helicobacter最新文献

{"title":"Animal Models of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Vaccines: Current Status and Future Prospects","authors":"Zhili Liu,&nbsp;He Li,&nbsp;Xiaotian Huang,&nbsp;Qiong Liu","doi":"10.1111/hel.13119","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13119","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection causes chronic gastritis, ulcers, and gastric cancer, making it a threat to human health. Despite the use of antibiotic therapy, the global prevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection remains high, necessitating early eradication measures. Immunotherapy, especially vaccine development, is a promising solution in this direction, albeit the selection of an appropriate animal model is critical in efficient vaccine production. Accordingly, we conducted a literature, search and summarized the commonly used <i>H. pylori</i> strains, <i>H. pylori</i> infection-related animal models, and models for evaluating <i>H. pylori</i> vaccines. Based on factors such as the ability to replicate human diseases, strain compatibility, vaccine types, and eliciting of immune responses, we systematically compared the advantages and disadvantages of different animal models, to obtain the informed recommendations. In addition, we have proposed novel perspectives on <i>H. pylori</i>–related animal models to advance research and vaccine evaluation for the prevention and treatment of diseases such as gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Indications of Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment and Its Influence on Prescriptions and Effectiveness (Hp-EuReg)","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/hel.13124","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13124","url":null,"abstract":"<p>S. J. Martínez-Domínguez, O. P. Nyssen, A. Lanas, et al., “Indications of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Eradication Treatment and Its Influence on Prescriptions and Effectiveness (Hp-EuReg),” <i>Helicobacter</i> 29, no. 4 (2024): e13111.</p><p>The corresponding author email was incorrect. The correct corresponding author email is <span>[email protected]</span>.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.13124","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of FUT3 and FUT6 Gene Polymorphisms With Helicobacter pylori Infection","authors":"Shihang Zhou,&nbsp;Ziwei Zheng,&nbsp;Liying Wang,&nbsp;Wenqian Song,&nbsp;Yuexin Xia,&nbsp;Linnan Shao,&nbsp;Xiaohua Liang","doi":"10.1111/hel.13122","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection is a significant pathogen in gastrointestinal diseases. Previous studies have identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are factors associated with <i>H. pylori</i> infection. Notably, Le^b and Sialyl-Le^x antigens, regulated by the <i>FUT3</i> and <i>FUT6</i> genes, play a crucial role in <i>H. pylori</i> infection. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between <i>FUT3</i> and <i>FUT6</i> gene polymorphisms and <i>H. pylori</i> infection in the Han population of northern China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An immunoturbidimetric assay was employed to detect <i>H. pylori</i> infection, categorizing subjects into infected and noninfected groups. Gene variants were identified through sequencing. Finally, <i>FUT3</i> and <i>FUT6</i> gene polymorphisms were analyzed to assess their association with <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The frequency of the T allele (rs778805) and the G allele (rs61147939) in the infection group was significantly higher than that in the noninfection group (63.4% vs. 55.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.045; 55.2% vs. 47.0%, <i>p</i> = 0.042, respectively). In the infection group, the frequency of the AA genotype (rs3745635) in the recessive model, the TT genotype (rs778805) in the recessive model, and the GG genotype (rs61147939) in the recessive model were significantly higher than the noninfection group (5.8% vs. 2.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.042; 41.9% vs. 29.3%, <i>p</i> = 0.022; 34.9% vs. 20.5%, <i>p</i> = 0.0068, respectively). The frequency of the A13 haplotype and the A13/A13 diplotype of the FUT6 gene was significantly higher in the infection group than in the noninfection group (55.56% vs. 46.32%, <i>p</i> = 0.019; 34.94% vs. 20.30%, <i>p</i> = 0.045, respectively). The rs778805-rs17855739-rs28362459-rs3745635 combination was identified as the best interaction model (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study suggests that <i>FUT3</i> and <i>FUT6</i> gene polymorphisms are significantly associated with <i>H. pylori</i> infection in the Han Chinese from northern China.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Economic Evaluation of Family-Based Versus Traditional Helicobacter pylori Screen-and-Treat Strategy: Based on Real-World Data and Microsimulation Model","authors":"Yue Ma,&nbsp;Xianzhu Zhou,&nbsp;Yashi Liu,&nbsp;Shihan Xu,&nbsp;Aixia Ma,&nbsp;Yiqi Du,&nbsp;Hongchao Li","doi":"10.1111/hel.13123","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is an economic evaluation on the family-based <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> screen-and-treat strategy (FBHS) in China. This study aimed to compare the cost-effectiveness of the FBHS with the traditional <i>H. pylori</i> screen-and-treat strategy (TBHS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A seven-state microsimulation model, including <i>H. pylori</i> infection and gastric cancer states, was constructed on the basis of the target family samples from 29 provinces in China. Taking a lifetime horizon from a healthcare system perspective, the long-term costs and health outcomes of the FBHS and TBHS screening strategies were simulated separately, and economic evaluations were performed. The model parameters were primarily derived from real-world data, published literature, and expert opinions. The primary outcome was the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) expressed as cost/quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. One-way sensitivity analysis, probabilistic sensitivity analysis, and scenario analysis were performed to assess the uncertainty of the results.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The base-case analysis revealed that the average costs for FBHS and TBHS were 563.67 CNY and 574.08 CNY, respectively, with corresponding average QALYs of 14.83 and 14.79. The ICER for the comparison between the two strategies was −214.07, indicating that FBHS was an absolutely dominant strategy with better cost-effectiveness. The results of both one-way sensitivity analysis and probabilistic sensitivity analysis were robust. When taking into account the added benefit of the higher <i>H. pylori</i> eradication rate in FBHS, the average costs were further reduced, and the average QALYs were increased, solidifying its position as an unequivocally dominant strategy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The FBHS is an absolutely dominant and cost-effective strategy that enables an optimized allocation of screening resources. Decision-makers should prioritize FBHS when developing <i>H. pylori</i> prevention and control strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence-Generated Patient Education Materials for Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Comparative Analysis","authors":"Shuyan Zeng,&nbsp;Qingzhou Kong,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Wu,&nbsp;Tian Ma,&nbsp;Limei Wang,&nbsp;Leiqi Xu,&nbsp;Guanjun Kou,&nbsp;Mingming Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Yang,&nbsp;Xiuli Zuo,&nbsp;Yueyue Li,&nbsp;Yanqing Li","doi":"10.1111/hel.13115","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13115","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patient education contributes to improve public awareness of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>. Large language models (LLMs) offer opportunities to revolutionize patient education transformatively. This study aimed to assess the quality of patient educational materials (PEMs) generated by LLMs and compared with physician sourced.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Unified instruction about composing a PEM about <i>H. pylori</i> at a sixth-grade reading level in both English and Chinese were given to physician and five LLMs (Bing Copilot, Claude 3 Opus, Gemini Pro, ChatGPT-4, and ERNIE Bot 4.0). The assessments of the completeness and comprehensibility of the Chinese PEMs were conducted by five gastroenterologists and 50 patients according to three-point Likert scale. Gastroenterologists were asked to evaluate both English and Chinese PEMs and determine the accuracy and safety. The accuracy was assessed by six-point Likert scale. The minimum acceptable scores were 4, 2, and 2 for accuracy, completeness, and comprehensibility, respectively. The Flesch–Kincaid and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook scoring systems were employed as readability assessment tools.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accuracy and comprehensibility were acceptable for English PEMs of all sources, while completence was not satisfactory. Physician-sourced PEM had the highest accuracy mean score of 5.60 and LLM-generated English PEMs ranged from 4.00 to 5.40. The completeness score was comparable between physician-sourced PEM and LLM-generated PEMs in English. Chinese PEMs from LLMs proned to have lower score in accuracy and completeness assessment than English PEMs. The mean score for completeness of five LLM-generated Chinese PEMs was 1.82–2.70 in patients' perspective, which was higher than gastroenterologists' assessment. Comprehensibility was satisfactory for all PEMs. No PEM met the recommended sixth-grade reading level.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LLMs have potential in assisting patient education. The accuracy and comprehensibility of LLM-generated PEMs were acceptable, but further optimization on improving completeness and accounting for a variety of linguistic contexts are essential for enhancing the feasibility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tetracycline Three Times Daily Versus Four Times Daily in Bismuth-Containing Quadruple Therapy as the First-Line Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Multicenter, Noninferiority, Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Yu-Ming Ding,&nbsp;Qiu-Mei Zhang,&nbsp;Rui-Li Li,&nbsp;Zhong-Xue Han,&nbsp;Qing Zhao,&nbsp;Li-Dong Xu,&nbsp;Ke-Yu Wang,&nbsp;Xue-Ping Nan,&nbsp;Miao Duan,&nbsp;Shu-Yan Zeng,&nbsp;Qing-Zhou Kong,&nbsp;Hui Wang,&nbsp;Xiao-Qi Wu,&nbsp;Ning Zhang,&nbsp;Yan-Qing Li,&nbsp;Xiu-Li Zuo,&nbsp;Yue-Yue Li","doi":"10.1111/hel.13121","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13121","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current guidelines recommend bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for patients newly diagnosed with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of tetracycline administered three times daily versus four times daily in bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for first-line treatment of <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This multicenter, noninferiority, randomized controlled study, conducted in China, recruited treatment-naïve adults with <i>H. pylori</i> infection, randomized 1:1 into two treatment groups to receive either of the following bismuth-containing quadruple therapies: esomeprazole 20 mg twice-daily; bismuth 220 mg twice-daily; amoxicillin 1000 mg twice-daily; and tetracycline 500 mg three times daily (TET-T) versus 500 mg four times daily (TET-F). At least 6 weeks post-treatment, a ¹³C-urea breath test was performed to evaluate <i>H. pylori</i> eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In total, 406 patients were randomly assigned to the two treatment groups. Intention-to-treat eradication rates were 91.63% (186/203; 95% confidence interval [CI] 87.82%–95.44%) versus 90.15% (183/203; 95% CI 86.05%–94.25%) (<i>p</i> = 0.0005) and per-protocol eradication rates were 95.34% (184/193; 95% CI 92.36%–98.31%) versus 95.72% (179/187; 95% CI 92.82%–98.62%) (<i>p</i> = 0.0002) for the TET-T and TET-F group, respectively. TET-T-treated patients had a lower incidence of adverse effects than TET-F-treated patients (21.61% vs. 31.63%, <i>p</i> = 0.024), with no significant differences in compliance to treatment between the groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a first-line therapy for <i>H. pylori</i> infection, the eradication rate of the TET-T therapy was noninferior to that of the TET-F therapy while significantly reducing the incidence of adverse reactions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05431075</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vonoprazan–Amoxicillin Dual Therapy With Different Amoxicillin Administration Regimens for Helicobacter pylori Treatment: A Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Shuhan Qiu,&nbsp;Yu Huang,&nbsp;Jinnan Chen,&nbsp;Yixian Guo,&nbsp;Meixuan Li,&nbsp;Zhaohui Ding,&nbsp;Xiao Liang,&nbsp;Hong Lu","doi":"10.1111/hel.13118","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13118","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The effect of preprandial or postprandial administration of amoxicillin on the efficacy of vonoprazan–amoxicillin dual therapy (VA-dual therapy) for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> treatment has not been studied. It is also unclear whether amoxicillin dosing four times daily is more effective than three times daily. We aimed to investigate the effect of different amoxicillin administration regimens on the efficacy of VA-dual therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>H. pylori</i>-infected subjects were randomly assigned to three groups in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive a 14-day dual therapy consisting of vonoprazan 20 mg twice daily + amoxicillin 1000 mg three times daily before meals (BM-TID) or 1000 mg three times daily after meals (AM-TID) or 750 mg four times daily after meals (AM-QID). <i>H. pylori</i> eradication rates, adverse events rates, compliance, and antibiotic resistance were compared.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Between May 2021 to April 2023, 327 subjects were enrolled. The eradication rates of BM-TID, AM-TID, and AM-QID dual therapy were 88.1%, 89.9%, and 93.6% in intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, 90.6%, 94.2%, and 99.0% in modified ITT (MITT) analysis, and 90.4%, 94.1%, and 99.0% in per-protocol (PP) analysis. Although there was non-inferiority between BM-TID and AM-TID, as well as between AM-TID and AM-QID, AM-QID was significantly more effective than BM-TID. There were no significant differences in adverse event rates, compliance, and antibiotic resistance among the three groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Postprandial administration and the increased frequency of administration of amoxicillin may contribute to a better efficacy of VA-dual therapy, especially for rescue therapy. All VA-dual therapy in our study could achieve good efficacy for first-line treatment.</p>\u0000 \u0000 <p><b>Trial Registration:</b> clinicaltrials.gov: NCT05901051.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Correcting Method for Highly Effective Office-Based Helicobacter pylori Therapy Using Cumulative Test of Cure Data","authors":"Maria Pina Dore,&nbsp;Ruben Hernaez,&nbsp;David Y. Graham","doi":"10.1111/hel.13112","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13112","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infections have become resistant to many previously highly effective antimicrobial regimens resulting in clarithromycin, metronidazole, or fluoroquinolone-containing therapies becoming unsuccessful. Pretreatment susceptibility testing is only widely available in the United States but is still rarely done. Here, we propose a framework to monitor <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> eradication in small clinical settings by routinely assessing the effectiveness of therapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Because of the small sample size in individual practice's, we assume an acceptable cure rate of ≥80% (preferred cure rate ≥85%) in adherent patients, with a dichotomous outcome (cured vs. failed) and consecutive patient enrollment. To obtain results (feedback) in a timely manner, for individual practices, cure rates can be estimated after 10 patients. Large practices which acquire patients more rapidly can delay analysis until a total of 104 <i>H</i>. <i>pylori-</i>infected patients, assuming a baseline cure rate of at least 85% with the preferred regimen.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We show how data from individual practices can be utilized to improve the effectiveness of <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> treatment decisions. The method consists of recording and accumulating the confirmation of cure data for successive small groups of patients. These data are then analyzed as binary outcomes (pass-fail) and serve as the basis for studying and improving the effectiveness of <i>H</i>. <i>pylori</i> treatment decisions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A simple actuarial method can serve outpatient clinics to ensure a reliable test-to-cure method and avoid futile <i>Hp</i> regimens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Variation of the Gastrointestinal Microbiota in Response to Long-Term Administration of Vonoprazan in Mice With High Risk of Gastric Cancer","authors":"Chao Peng,&nbsp;Xinbo Xu,&nbsp;Yaobin Ouyang,&nbsp;Yu Li,&nbsp;Nonghua Lu,&nbsp;Yin Zhu,&nbsp;Cong He","doi":"10.1111/hel.13117","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13117","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vonoprazan, a potassium-competitive acid blocker, is superior to traditional proton pump inhibitor (PPI) in acid suppression and has been approved in the treatment of acid-related disorders. Accumulating evidence suggest associations between PPI use and gut microbiota, yet the effect of vonoprazan on GI microbiota is obscure.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Transgenic FVB/N insulin-gastrin (INS-GAS) mice as a model of gastric cancer (GC) were administered vonoprazan by gavage every other day for 12 weeks. Stomachs were evaluated by histopathology, Ki-67 proliferation index, and inflammatory cytokines. The mucosal and lumen microbiota from stomach, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and feces were detected using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Higher incidence of intestinal metaplasia and epithelial proliferation were observed in the vonoprazan group than that in the control mice. Vonoprazan also elevated the gastric expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Each mice comprised a unique microbiota composition that was consistent across different niches. The structure of GI microbiota changed dramatically after vonoprazan treatment with the stomach being the most disturbed segment. Vonoprazan administration shifted the gut microbiota toward the enrichment of pathogenic <i>Streptococcus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus</i>, <i>Bilophila</i>, and the loss of commensal <i>Prevotella</i>, <i>Bifidobacterium</i>, and <i>Faecalibacterium</i>. Interestingly, compared to the controls, microbial interactions were weaker in the stomach while stronger in the jejunum of the vonoprazan group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Long-term vonoprazan treatment promoted gastric lesions in male INS-GAS mice, with the disequilibrium of GI microbiome. The clinical application of vonoprazan needs to be judicious particularly among those with high risk of GC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Accuracy of ChatGPT on Addressing Helicobacter pylori Infection-Related Questions: A National Survey and Comparative Study","authors":"Yi Hu,&nbsp;Yongkang Lai,&nbsp;Foqiang Liao,&nbsp;Xu Shu,&nbsp;Yin Zhu,&nbsp;Yi-Qi Du,&nbsp;Nong-Hua Lu,&nbsp;National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases (Shanghai)","doi":"10.1111/hel.13116","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13116","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChatGPT is a novel and online large-scale language model used as a source providing up-to-date and useful health-related knowledges to patients and clinicians. However, its performance on <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection-related questions remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of ChatGPT's responses on <i>H. pylori</i>-related questions compared with that of gastroenterologists during the same period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-five <i>H. pylori</i>-related questions from five domains: Indication, Diagnostics, Treatment, Gastric cancer and prevention, and Gut Microbiota were selected based on the Maastricht VI Consensus report. Each question was tested three times with ChatGPT3.5 and ChatGPT4. Two independent <i>H. pylori</i> experts assessed the responses from ChatGPT, with discrepancies resolved by a third reviewer. Simultaneously, a nationwide survey with the same questions was conducted among 1279 gastroenterologists and 154 medical students. The accuracy of responses from ChatGPT3.5 and ChatGPT4 was compared with that of gastroenterologists.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Overall, both ChatGPT3.5 and ChatGPT4 demonstrated high accuracy, with median accuracy rates of 92% for each of the three responses, surpassing the accuracy of nationwide gastroenterologists (median: 80%) and equivalent to that of senior gastroenterologists. Compared with ChatGPT3.5, ChatGPT4 provided more concise responses with the same accuracy. ChatGPT3.5 performed well in the Indication, Treatment, and Gut Microbiota domains, whereas ChatGPT4 excelled in Diagnostics, Gastric cancer and prevention, and Gut Microbiota domains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ChatGPT exhibited high accuracy and reproducibility in addressing <i>H. pylori</i>-related questions except the decision for <i>H. pylori</i> treatment, performing at the level of senior gastroenterologists and could serve as an auxiliary information tool for assisting patients and clinicians.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141855405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}