Helicobacter最新文献

{"title":"Integrin-Linked Kinase in the Development of Gastric Tumors Induced by Helicobacter pylori: Regulation and Prevention Potential","authors":"Boqing Li,&nbsp;Jing He,&nbsp;Ruiqing Zhang,&nbsp;Sisi Liu,&nbsp;Xiaolin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhiqin Li,&nbsp;Chunlei Ma,&nbsp;Wenke Wang,&nbsp;Yingzi Cui,&nbsp;Ying Zhang","doi":"10.1111/hel.13109","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13109","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is crucial in solid tumors by regulating the Hippo-Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) pathway. This study aimed to uncover how <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> influences ILK levels and its role in regulating YAP during <i>H. pylori</i>-induced gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GES-1 cells with stable <i>Ilk</i> knockdown and overexpression and a mouse carcinogenesis model for <i>H. pylori</i> infection were constructed. And ILK, the phosphorylated mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1 (MST1), large tumor suppressor 1 (LATS1; S909, T1079), and YAP (S109, S127) were detected in cells, and mice by western blotting, as well as fluorescence intensity of YAP were assayed by immunofluorescence. YAP downstream genes <i>Igfbp4</i> and <i>Ctgf</i>, the pathological changes and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), and nitric oxide (NO) levels in mice gastric tissues were detected by real-time PCR, H&amp;E, and ELISA assays.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, stable <i>Ilk</i> knockdown cells exhibited significantly higher phosphorylated levels of MST1, LATS1, and YAP, as well as increased YAP in the nuclei of GES-1 cells. Conversely, cells with <i>Ilk</i> overexpression showed opposite results. <i>H. pylori</i> infection led to decreased ILK levels in gastric epithelial cells but increased ILK levels in gastric cancer cell lines (MGC803, SGC7901) and gastric cancer tissues in mice. Treatment with the ILK inhibitor OST-T315 elevated the phosphorylated MST, LATS1, and YAP levels, and inhibited the mRNA levels of <i>Igfbp4</i> and <i>Ctgf</i> at 44, 48 week-aged mice. OST-T315 also reduced the release of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and NO, as well as the progression of gastric cancer caused by <i>H. pylori</i> and <i>N</i>-Nitroso-<i>N</i>-methylurea (NMU) treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Upon initiation of gastric tumorigenesis signals, <i>H. pylori</i> increases ILK levels and suppresses Hippo signaling, thereby promoting YAP activation and gastric cancer progression. ILK can serve as a potential prevention target to impede <i>H. pylori</i>-induced gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141476516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori Infection Does Not Protect Against Allergic Diseases: Evidence From a Pediatric Cohort From Northern Sardinia, Italy","authors":"Maria Pina Dore,&nbsp;Gianfranco Meloni,&nbsp;Ica Bassu,&nbsp;Giovanni Mario Pes","doi":"10.1111/hel.13107","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13107","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The “hygiene hypothesis” states that reduced exposure to microbial antigens due to an excessively hygienic environment can increase the risk of developing autoimmune diseases, including atopic disorders and asthma. In recent decades, there has been a progressive decline in the prevalence of numerous microorganisms following improved hygienic-sanitary conditions. More specifically, several studies reported an inverse association between the reduction in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection and the rise of asthma and allergic disorders.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To evaluate the prevalence of atopic disorders in a pediatric population in relation to seropositivity against <i>H. pylori</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Children from Northern Sardinia, Italy, referred to the local Children's Hospital for any reason, were investigated to identify risk factors, especially <i>H. pylori</i> infection, associated with atopic disorders. A validated questionnaire, including demographics, house size, history of breastfeeding, residence, school or daycare center attendance, exposure to animals, and a defined diagnosis of atopy—including asthma—was filled out by a trained pediatrician according to parents' answers and child records. A blood sample was collected from each participant and immunoglobulin G against <i>H. pylori</i> was assessed by a locally validated ELISA test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The seroprevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection was 11.7% among 492 children (240 females). Thirty-two children had a confirmed diagnosis of asthma and 12 of allergy. No one child showed both conditions. Statistically significant differences in <i>H. pylori</i> seropositivity were not detected between children with or without atopy (8.4% vs. 12.6; <i>p</i> = 0.233). Although atopic disorders were more frequent in children exposed to traditional atopic risk factors, none of them showed to be significant after adjusting for all covariates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serologically assessed <i>H. pylori</i> infection was not significantly associated with a reduced risk of atopic diseases in children.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunoinformatics-Based Designing of Novel and Potent Multi-Epitope PSA D15 and Cag11 Immunogens for Helicobacter pylori Immunodiagnostic Assay Development","authors":"Biniam Moges Eskeziyaw,&nbsp;Rebecca Waihenya,&nbsp;Naomi Maina,&nbsp;Samson Muuo Nzou","doi":"10.1111/hel.13104","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13104","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) strain is the most genetically diverse pathogenic bacterium and now alarming serious human health concern ranging from chronic gastritis to gastric cancer and human death all over the world. Currently, the majority of commercially available diagnostic assays for <i>H. pylori</i> is a challenging task due to the heterogeneity of virulence factors in various geographical regions. In this concern, designing of universal multi-epitope immunogenic biomarker targeted for all <i>H. pylori</i> strains would be crucial to successfully immunodiagnosis assay and vaccine development for <i>H. pylori</i> infection. Hence, the present study aimed to explore the potential immunogenic epitopes of PSA D15 and Cag11 proteins of <i>H. pylori</i>, using immunoinformatics web tools in order to design novel immune-reactive multi-epitope antigens for enhanced immunodiagnosis in humans. Through an in silico immunoinformatics approach, high-ranked B-cell, MHC-I, and MHC-II epitopes of PSA D15 and Cag11 proteins were predicted, screened, and selected. Subsequently, a novel multi-epitope PSA D15 and Cag11 antigens were designed by fused the high-ranked B-cell, MHC-I, and MHC-II epitopes and 50S ribosomal protein L7/L12 adjuvant using linkers. The antigenicity, solubility, physicochemical properties, secondary and tertiary structures, 3D model refinement, and validations were carried. Furthermore, the designed multi-epitope antigens were subjected to codon adaptation and in silico cloning, immune response simulation, and molecular docking with receptor molecules. A novel, stable multi-epitope PSA D15 and Cag11 <i>H. pylori</i> antigens were developed and immune simulation of the designed antigens showed desirable levels of immunological response. Molecular docking of designed antigens with immune receptors (B-cell, MHC-I, MHC-II, and TLR-2/4) revealed robust interactions and stable binding affinity to the receptors. The codon optimized and in silico cloned showed that the designed antigens were successfully expressed (CAI value of 0.95 for PSA D15 and 1.0 for Cag11) after inserted into pET-32ba (+) plasmid of the <i>E. coli</i> K12 strain. In conclusion, this study revealed that the designed multi-epitope antigens have a huge immunological potential candidate biomarker and useful in developing immunodiagnostic assays and vaccines for <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Interplay Between Helicobacter pylori and Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) Molecules in the Development of Gastric Cancer and Induction of Immune Response","authors":"Abdollah Jafarzadeh,&nbsp;Zahra Jafarzadeh,&nbsp;Maryam Nemati,&nbsp;Akihiko Yoshimura","doi":"10.1111/hel.13105","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13105","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) colonizes the stomach and leads to the secretion of a vast range of cytokines by infiltrated leukocytes directing immune/inflammatory response against the bacterium. To regulate immune/inflammatory responses, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins bind to multiple signaling components located downstream of cytokine receptors, such as Janus kinase (JAK), signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT). Dysfunctional SOCS proteins in immune cells may facilitate the immune evasion of <i>H. pylori</i>, allowing the bacteria to induce chronic inflammation. Dysregulation of SOCS expression and function can contribute to the sustained <i>H. pylori</i>-mediated gastric inflammation which can lead to gastric cancer (GC) development. Among SOCS molecules, dysregulated expression of SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 were indicated in <i>H. pylori</i>-infected individuals as well as in GC tissues and cells. <i>H. pylori</i>-induced SOCS1, SOCS2, SOCS3, and SOCS6 dysregulation can contribute to the GC development. The expression of SOCS molecules can be influenced by various factors, such as epigenetic DNA methylation, noncoding RNAs, and gene polymorphisms. Modulation of the expression of SOCS molecules in gastric epithelial cells and immune cells can be considered to control gastric carcinogenesis as well as regulate antitumor immune responses, respectively. This review aimed to explain the interplay between <i>H. pylori</i> and SOCS molecules in GC development and immune response induction as well as to provide insights regarding potential therapeutic strategies modulating SOCS molecules.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eradication Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Infection in Patients Receiving Hemodialysis: Review","authors":"Shu Sahara,&nbsp;Mitsushige Sugimoto,&nbsp;Masaki Murata,&nbsp;Eri Iwata,&nbsp;Takashi Kawai,&nbsp;Kazunari Murakami,&nbsp;Yoshio Yamaoka,&nbsp;Tadashi Shimoyama","doi":"10.1111/hel.13106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13106","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients receiving hemodialysis (HD) often develop gastrointestinal diseases. Recently, although in general population, clinical guidelines for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> have strongly recommended its eradication in patients to prevent gastric cancer, optimal eradication regimen and optimal dosage of drugs for patients receiving HD have not been established, due to possible incidence of adverse events. Some antimicrobial agents used in eradication therapy, particularly amoxicillin, can exacerbate renal dysfunction. Given the delayed pharmacokinetics of drugs in patients receiving HD compared with those in healthy individuals, drug regimen and dosage should be considered to minimize adverse effects. Although previous studies have investigated the benefits of eradication therapy for patients receiving HD, because most studies were small in terms of the number of enrolled patients, it is hard to show evidence. The numbers of eradication in HD patients have recently increased, and it is important to provide an optimal regimen. The consideration of eradication in patients undergoing HD with a reduction in the drug dose by 1/2–1/3 may prevent adverse events. Additionally, another important consideration is whether adverse events can be prevented while maintaining a similar eradication rate with reduced drug dosages. Recent meta-analysis findings indicate comparable eradication rates in patients receiving HD and healthy individuals, both with the same dosage regimen and at a reduced dosage regimen, with no significant differences (relative risk [RR] for successful eradication: 0.85 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.48–1.50]). Unlike with the same dosage regimen (RR for adverse events: 3.15 [95% CI: 1.93–5.13]), the adverse events in the dosage reduction regimen were similar to those in healthy individuals (RR: 1.26 [95% CI: 0.23–6.99]). From a pharmacological perspective, the eradication regimen in patients receiving HD should consider the dosage (1/2–1/3 dosage), dosing number (bid), dosing timing of drugs (after HD), and susceptibility to antimicrobial agents.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141439679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Primary Antibiotic Resistance Rate of Helicobacter pylori in Recent 10 years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Yanhui Yu,&nbsp;Jing Xue,&nbsp;Fangbing Lin,&nbsp;Daming Liu,&nbsp;Wen Zhang,&nbsp;Shuying Ru,&nbsp;Feng Jiang","doi":"10.1111/hel.13103","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13103","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Due to irregular antibiotic use, the rate of antibiotic resistance to <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) is increasing and varies from region to region. Therefore, for the purpose of further clarifying the changes in antibiotic resistance rates nowadays, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to update and assess the 10-year trend of primary <i>H. pylori</i> antibiotic resistance rate to the commonly prescribed antibiotics worldwide.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>According to the PRISMA statement, we systematically searched electronic databases for studies that assessed rates of <i>H. pylori</i> resistance to clarithromycin, metronidazole, levofloxacin, amoxicillin, or tetracycline published from 2013 to 2023. AHRQ was adopted to estimate methodological quality and publication bias in the included studies, and statistical analysis was performed using Stata 17.0.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 163 studies, comprising 47,002 isolates from 36 countries. The meta-analysis showed that the primary antibiotic resistance rate of <i>H. pylori</i> varied widely among antibiotics. Subgroup analysis showed higher rates of antibiotic resistance in the adult population than in children, and a general trend of increased resistance was observed from 2013 to 2023. There was considerable heterogeneity (<i>I</i>² &gt; 75%) among all analyses, which may be due to high variability in resistance rates across the global regions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Resistance of <i>H. pylori</i> to antibiotics has reached alarming levels worldwide, which has a great effect on the efficacy of treatment. Local surveillance networks are required to select appropriate eradication regimens for each region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141426759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"After 28 Years, Professor David Y. Graham Says Goodbye and Helicobacter Welcomes a New Editor","authors":"David Y. Graham MD","doi":"10.1111/hel.13099","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13099","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Tetracycline Three Times Daily was Comparable to That of Four Times Daily for Helicobacter pylori Rescue Treatment: A Multicenter, Noninferiority, Randomized Controlled Trial","authors":"Zhongxue Han,&nbsp;Qiumei Zhang,&nbsp;Iqtida Ahmed Mirza,&nbsp;Yuming Ding,&nbsp;Xueping Nan,&nbsp;Qing Zhao,&nbsp;Ruili Li,&nbsp;Lidong Xu,&nbsp;Ning Zhang,&nbsp;Miao Duan,&nbsp;Shuyan Zeng,&nbsp;Qingzhou Kong,&nbsp;Wenlin Zhang,&nbsp;Hui Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Wu,&nbsp;Xiuli Zuo,&nbsp;Yanqing Li,&nbsp;Yueyue Li","doi":"10.1111/hel.13102","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13102","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The optimal dosage of tetracycline remains unclear for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> eradication. Frequent dosing requirements may decrease patient adherence and increase the incidence of adverse events, potentially reducing treatment efficacy. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of different tetracycline dosages in rescue treatment for <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 406 patients needing <i>H. pylori</i> rescue treatment were enrolled. Patients were randomized into two groups and received bismuth-containing quadruple therapies as follows: esomeprazole 40 mg twice daily, bismuth 220 mg twice daily, amoxicillin 1000 mg twice daily, and tetracycline 500 mg either three (TET-T group) or four (TET-F group) times daily. At least 6 weeks after treatment completion, a ¹³C-urea breath test was performed to evaluate <i>H. pylori</i> eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The intention-to-treat (ITT) eradication rates were 91.13% (185/203) and 90.15% (183/203) (<i>p</i> = 0.733), the modified ITT (MITT) eradication rates were 94.87% (185/195) and 95.31% (183/192) (<i>p</i> = 0.841), and the per-protocol (PP) eradication rates were 94.79% (182/192) and 95.21% (179/188) (<i>p</i> = 0.851) in the TET-T group and TET-F group, respectively. The eradication rates for the TET-T group were not inferior to those of the TET-F group in ITT, MITT, and PP analyses. The incidence of adverse effects was significantly lower in the TET-T group than in the TET-F group (23.65% vs. 33.50%, <i>p</i> = 0.028). No significant differences were observed in treatment compliance between the groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The dose of tetracycline administered three times daily showed comparable efficacy to that administered four times daily, while significantly reducing the incidence of adverse events. The combination of tetracycline and amoxicillin in bismuth-containing quadruple therapy achieved a high eradication rate in <i>H. pylori</i> rescue treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141317017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori CagA Promotes the Formation of Gallstones by Increasing the Permeability of Gallbladder Epithelial Cells","authors":"Jingjing Yu,&nbsp;Yuanhang He,&nbsp;Wenchao Yao,&nbsp;Tianming Liu,&nbsp;Xuxu Liu,&nbsp;Yi Zheng,&nbsp;Chenjun Hao,&nbsp;Dongbo Xue","doi":"10.1111/hel.13100","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The formation of gallstones is often accompanied by chronic inflammation, and the mechanisms underlying inflammation and stone formation are not fully understood. Our aim is to utilize single-cell transcriptomics, bulk transcriptomics, and microbiome data to explore key pathogenic bacteria that may contribute to chronic inflammation and gallstone formation, as well as their associated mechanisms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>scRNA-seq data from a gallstone mouse model were extracted from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and analyzed using the FindCluster() package for cell clustering analysis. Bulk transcriptomics data from patients with gallstone were also extracted from the GEO database, and intergroup functional differences were assessed using GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Additionally, 16S rRNA sequencing was performed on gallbladder mucosal samples from asymptomatic patients with gallstone (<i>n</i> = 6) and liver transplant donor gallbladder mucosal samples (<i>n</i> = 6) to identify key bacteria associated with stone formation and chronic inflammation. Animal models were constructed to investigate the mechanisms by which these key pathogenic bacterial genera promote gallstone formation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Analysis of scRNA-seq data from the gallstone mouse model (GSE179524) revealed seven distinct cell clusters, with a significant increase in neutrophil numbers in the gallstone group. Analysis of bulk transcriptomics data from patients with gallstone (GSE202479) identified chronic inflammation in the gallbladder, potentially associated with dysbiosis of the gallbladder microbiota. 16S rRNA sequencing identified <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> as a key bacterium associated with gallbladder chronic inflammation and stone formation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dysbiosis of the gallbladder mucosal microbiota is implicated in gallstone disease and leads to chronic inflammation. This study identified <i>H. pylori</i> as a potential key mucosal resident bacterium contributing to gallstone formation and discovered its key pathogenic factor CagA, which causes damage to the gallbladder mucosal barrier. These findings provide important clues for the prevention and treatment of gallstones.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141317076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family-based Helicobacter pylori infection control and management strategy and screen-and-treat strategy are highly cost-effective in preventing multiple upper gastrointestinal diseases in Chinese population at national level","authors":"Chen Zhang,&nbsp;Ya-Bin Qi,&nbsp;Ruo-Bing Hu,&nbsp;Lu Xu,&nbsp;Xiao-Ting Li,&nbsp;Jing Ma,&nbsp;Qiao-Qiao Shao,&nbsp;Mohammed Awadh Abdun,&nbsp;Ishtiaq Ur Rahman,&nbsp;Wen-Jun Shi,&nbsp;Fu-Qiang Li,&nbsp;Jian-Jie Yu,&nbsp;Ming-Kai Yuan,&nbsp;Qi Chen,&nbsp;Hong Lu,&nbsp;Song-Ze Ding","doi":"10.1111/hel.13063","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13063","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The overall benefits of the newly introduced family-based <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection control and management (FBCM) and screen-and-treat strategies in preventing multiple upper gastrointestinal diseases at national level in China have not been explored. We investigate the cost-effectiveness of these strategies in the whole Chinese population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Decision trees and Markov models of <i>H. pylori</i> infection-related non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), and gastric cancer (GC) were developed to simulate the cost-effectiveness of these strategies in the whole 494 million households in China. The main outcomes include cost-effectiveness, life years (LY), quality-adjusted life year (QALY), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>When compared with no-screen strategy, both FBCM and screen-and-treat strategies reduced the number of new cases of NUD, PUD, PUD-related deaths, and the prevalence of GC, and cancer-related deaths. The costs saved by these two strategies were $1467 million and $879 million, quality-adjusted life years gained were 227 million and 267 million, and life years gained were 59 million and 69 million, respectively. Cost-effectiveness analysis showed that FBCM strategy costs −$6.46/QALY and −$24.75/LY, and screen-and-treat strategy costs −$3.3/QALY and −$12.71/LY when compared with no-screen strategy. Compared to the FBCM strategy, the screen-and-treat strategy reduced the incidence of <i>H. pylori</i>-related diseases, added 40 million QALYs, and saved 10 million LYs, but at the increased cost of $588 million. Cost-effectiveness analysis showed that screen-and-treat strategy costs $14.88/QALY and $59.5/LY when compared with FBCM strategy. The robustness of the results was also verified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Both FBCM and screen-and-treat strategies are highly cost-effective in preventing NUD, PUD, and GC than the no-screen strategy in Chinese families at national level. As FBCM strategy is more practical and efficient, it is expected to play a more important role in preventing familial <i>H. pylori</i> infection and also serves as an excellent reference for other highly infected societies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141317075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}