Helicobacter最新文献

{"title":"Global Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori Infection-Associated Gastric Preneoplastic Lesions in Pediatric Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Mohammed Awadh Abdun,&nbsp;Lu Xu,&nbsp;Xiao-Ting Li,&nbsp;Amr Mekky,&nbsp;Maher Al Hussan,&nbsp;Ezaldin M. I. Abuheit,&nbsp;Chen Zhang,&nbsp;Ishtiaq Ur Rahman,&nbsp;Miao Yu,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Sohail Sarwar,&nbsp;Bin-Bin Yan,&nbsp;Jia-Bei Xie,&nbsp;Bo-Wei Liu,&nbsp;Song-Ze Ding","doi":"10.1111/hel.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) is the major cause of gastric mucosal precancerous lesions in adulthood, but its impact on pediatric patients remains unclear. We aimed to investigate <i>H. pylori</i>-induced gastric precancerous lesions in children and adolescents globally and analyze their influencing factors for related disease management and prevention.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a comprehensive literature search in major databases to identify studies including pediatric patients with gastric precancerous lesions and <i>H. pylori</i> infection status. Prevalence rates were computed using random-effects or fixed-effect models. A stratified analysis was conducted based on location, age, universal health coverage (UHC), and publication time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among the 3359 relevant articles screened, 24 studies (7036 participants) met the inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of precancerous lesions in <i>H. pylori</i>-infected patients was 17.2%, in which atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) were 13.5% and 3.6%, respectively. Precancerous lesion rates in infected individuals across different regions were as follows: Africa at 33.8% (AG: 32.6%), Latin America at 22.1% (AG: 17.9%, IM: 4.0%), Asia at 18.1% (AG: 12.4%, IM: 4.4%, Dysplasia: 1.2%), and Europe at 6.3% (AG: 4.3%, IM: 1.7%). Infected adolescents (&gt; 10 years) exhibited a higher prevalence of precancerous lesions than younger children (≤ 10 years) at 14.2% (AG: 9.7%, IM: 2.9%) versus 3.4% (AG: 2.3%, IM: 1.1%), respectively. The prevalence of precancerous lesions in infected patients was higher in areas with low-medium UHC compared with high UHC (24.0% vs. 12.5%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>H. pylori</i> infection causes significant gastric mucosal precancerous lesions in pediatric patients, representing a major concern for this population and a previously neglected area. Future in-depth investigations and proper management for related disease prevention are warranted.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p> PROSPERO number: CRD42023424683</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Gastric Microbiota Invade the Lamina Propria in Helicobacter pylori-Associated Gastritis and Precancer","authors":"Harriet J. Giddings,&nbsp;Ana Teodósio,&nbsp;Jordanne Jones,&nbsp;Jack L. McMurray,&nbsp;Kelly Hunter,&nbsp;Riad Alame,&nbsp;Isaac Gardiner,&nbsp;Zainab Abdawn,&nbsp;William Butterworth,&nbsp;Ian R. Henderson,&nbsp;Jeffrey A. Cole,&nbsp;Claire D. Shannon-Lowe,&nbsp;Amanda E. Rossiter-Pearson","doi":"10.1111/hel.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stomach cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is the main risk factor for gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), yet the precise mechanism underpinning this association remains controversial. Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) represents the precancerous stage and follows <i>H. pylori-</i>associated chronic gastritis (CG). Sequencing studies have revealed fewer <i>H. pylori</i> and more non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria in GAC. However, the spatial organization of the gastric microbiota in health and disease is unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we have combined RNA in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry to detect <i>H. pylori,</i> non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria, and host cell markers (E-cadherin, Mucins 5AC and 2) on tissue sections from patients with CG (<i>n</i> = 15) and GIM (<i>n</i> = 17).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Quantitative analysis of whole slide scans revealed significant correlations of <i>H. pylori</i> and other bacteria in CG and GIM. In contrast to sequencing studies, significantly fewer non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria were detected in <i>H. pylori-</i>negative patients. Importantly, whilst <i>H. pylori</i> exclusively colonized the gastric glands, non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria invaded the lamina propria in 6/9 CG and 8/10 GIM <i>H. pylori</i>-positive patients. A rapid and cost-effective modified Gram stain was used to confirm these findings and enabled detection of non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria in GIM samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The invasion of the gastric lamina propria by non-<i>H. pylori</i> bacteria during <i>H. pylori-</i>associated CG and GIM represents an overlooked phenomenon in cancer progression. Further work must determine the mechanisms underlying the synergistic roles of <i>H. pylori</i> and other bacteria in carcinogenesis. This observation should redirect attempts to prevent, diagnose, and treat GAC.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Accuracy of Melting Curve–Based Multiplex Real-Time PCR for Diagnosing Helicobacter pylori Resistance to Clarithromycin and Levofloxacin in Stool Specimens","authors":"Youhua Wang,&nbsp;Xiaoling Gong,&nbsp;Qirui Lai,&nbsp;Hui Fang,&nbsp;Xiyin Yang,&nbsp;Xuan Li,&nbsp;Dong Sheng Liu,&nbsp;Yong Xie","doi":"10.1111/hel.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluates the accuracy of melting curve–based multiplex real-time PCR (multiplex rt-PCR) on stool samples for diagnosing antibiotic resistance in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) compared to E-test and sequencing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gastric biopsies and stool samples were collected from 385 <i>H. pylori</i>-infected patients. A total of 325 strains were isolated, and genomic DNA was extracted from all 385 stool samples. E-tests were conducted to detect phenotypic resistance for clarithromycin and levofloxacin. Sanger sequencing and multiplex rt-PCR were employed to identify <i>H. pylori</i> 23S rRNA and GyrA mutations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>E-test results indicated that 203 (62.5%) were susceptible to both clarithromycin and levofloxacin, 33 (10.2%) exhibited mono-resistance to clarithromycin, 48 (14.8%) showed mono-resistance to levofloxacin, and 41 (12.6%) had dual resistance to both antibiotics. Compared to E-test results, the sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex rt-PCR method for detecting clarithromycin resistance mutation were 93.2 (95% CI 84.3–97.5) and 87.1% (95% CI 82.2–90.9), respectively. For levofloxacin resistance mutation, the multiplex rt-PCR method showed a sensitivity of 80.7 (95% CI 70.3–88.3) and a specificity of 93.0% (95% CI 88.7–95.8). Compared to Sanger sequencing, the sensitivity and specificity of the multiplex rt-PCR method for detecting clarithromycin resistance mutation were 95.8 (95% CI 90.0–98.4) and 96.0% (95% CI 92.6–98.0), respectively. For levofloxacin resistance mutation, the multiplex rt-PCR method showed a sensitivity of 91.3% (95% CI, 83.1–95.9) and a specificity of 96.1% (95% CI, 92.7–98.0).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Genotypic methods, including Sanger sequencing and multiplex rt-PCR, were rapid and reliable for diagnosing clarithromycin and levofloxacin resistance in the stool samples.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Tailored Bismuth Quadruple Therapies (With Clarithromycin or Furazolidone) Based on Fecal Molecular Susceptibility Testing in First-Line Helicobacter pylori Eradication Treatment More Effective? A Three-Arm, Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial","authors":"Zhengchen Yu,&nbsp;Xiaochen Liu,&nbsp;Jincheng Qiao,&nbsp;Wenjuan Shen,&nbsp;Xingwei Mao,&nbsp;Guochun Lou,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;Ziming Xie,&nbsp;Jun Ye","doi":"10.1111/hel.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Rising antimicrobial resistance has significantly challenged the eradication rates of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>. Due to its invasive nature, susceptibility testing based on endoscopic biopsy is controversial, while few studies have focused on the efficacy of tailored bismuth quadruple therapies (BQT) based on fecal susceptibility testing as a first-line treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this multicenter study, 598 <i>H. pylori</i>-positive patients without previous eradication treatment were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups: empirical BQT, BQT-tailored based on the history of clarithromycin use and tailored based on fecal molecular susceptibility testing where furazolidone was substituted for clarithromycin when there was clinical or laboratory evidence of clarithromycin resistance. This study defines BQT as regimens comprising rabeprazole, colloidal bismuth, amoxicillin, and one additional antibiotic (furazolidone or clarithromycin). The study assessed eradication rates using intention-to-treat (ITT), modified intention-to-treat (mITT), and per-protocol (PP) analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The eradication rates of three groups were 82.00%, 80.90%, and 87.44% in the ITT analysis; 82.41%, 83.42%, and 89.23% in the mITT analysis; and 85.86%, 87.50%, and 94.57% in the PP analysis, respectively. Tailored BQT based on fecal susceptibility testing was not inferior to empirical BQT (all <i>p</i> values for noninferiority &lt; 0.001) and demonstrated greater efficacy in the PP analysis (difference [95% CI]: 7.07% [0.90%, 13.25%]). The incidence of adverse events and treatment compliance did not differ significantly among the groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tailored BQT based on fecal susceptibility testing is an effective regimen for <i>H. pylori</i> eradication, with no increase in adverse events or treatment noncompliance compared with empirical BQT. Therefore, we recommend tailored BQT based on fecal susceptibility testing as a first-line treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>EudraCT number: NCT05718609; ClinicalTrials.gov</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Helicobacter pylori Antimicrobial Resistance Detection: From Culture-Based to Multi-Omics-Based Technologies","authors":"Zupeng Kuang,&nbsp;Yuwei Wu,&nbsp;Xinqiang Xie,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhao,&nbsp;Huiyuan Chen,&nbsp;Lei Wu,&nbsp;He Gao,&nbsp;Hui Zhao,&nbsp;Tingting Liang,&nbsp;Jumei Zhang,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;Qingping Wu","doi":"10.1111/hel.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>), a proven carcinogenic microbe, necessitates antimicrobial treatment once infected. However, <i>H. pylori</i> worldwide currently faces serious antibiotic resistance (AMR), requiring infected patients to undergo antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) to guide therapy. Currently, the recommended ASTs for <i>H. pylori</i> are culture-based methods, which are time-consuming, complicated, and expensive, impeding their widespread application. With in-depth researches on the AMR mechanisms of <i>H. pylori</i>, specific gene mutations and novel proteins have been confirmed as the cause of AMR and can serve as targets of ASTs. Accordingly, molecular biology detection has been developed and tremendously shortened the time and reduced difficulty of AST. However, these assays still struggle to meet the enormous testing demand and need for even faster, simpler, and more accurate methods. In recent years, researchers have developed various new platforms based on biosensors, transcriptomics, proteomics, and single-cell analysis. This review introduces the AMR mechanisms of <i>H. pylori</i> and summarizes the current ASTs from the working principles to application characteristics. Additionally, we draw attention to the potentially applicable techniques for AST of <i>H. pylori</i> from DNA, RNA, protein, and cell perspectives. By systematically recapitulating the past, present, and future of AST for <i>H. pylori</i>, this review provides valuable insights for developing novel assays.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143380403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement in Helicobacter pylori Eradication Among Adults Receiving Semaglutide: A Population-Based Propensity-Score-Adjusted Analysis","authors":"Asaf Ness,&nbsp;Zohar Levi,&nbsp;Rachel Gingold Belfer,&nbsp;Ram Dickman,&nbsp;Doron Boltin","doi":"10.1111/hel.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists delay gastric emptying and are used for the treatment of diabetes (DM) and obesity. Successful treatment of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) infection depends upon a precise dosing schedule. We aimed to examine the impact of GLP-1 drugs on antibiotic treatment for <i>H. pylori</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adults with a new diagnosis of <i>H. pylori</i> infection who received treatment between 2014 and 2023 were identified in the Clalit Health Services database. Subjects were divided into groups based on diagnoses of DM and obesity, and exposure to GLP-1 drugs. A 1:2 propensity-score matched dataset was used to determine the effect of GLP-1 drugs on eradication success.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We identified 426 individuals who received, and 36,436 who did not receive GLP-1 drugs. Eradication among those who did and did not receive GLP-1 drugs was 86.6% and 83.7%, respectively (<i>p =</i> 0.059 across subgroups). Eradication among those who received semaglutide was 93.8% (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.32–5.83, <i>p</i> = 0.007). Eradication in subjects who received dulaglutide (88.6%) or liraglutide (81.4%) was not significantly changed. When applying a propensity-score-adjusted analysis, eradication remained significantly increased among individuals who received semaglutide (OR 2.89, 95% CI 1.24–6.74, <i>p</i> = 0.014). Additional independent predictors of successful eradication included male sex, high socioeconomic status, quadruple therapy, and older age (<i>p &lt;</i> 0.001 for all).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Co-administration of semaglutide and antibiotics for <i>H. pylori</i> infection is associated with an increased likelihood of successful eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnic Inequity in the Current Approach to H. pylori Testing and Treatment: Linked Data Cohort Analysis","authors":"Andrea Teng,&nbsp;Erin Hildred,&nbsp;James Stanley,&nbsp;Stephen Inns,&nbsp;Melissa McLeod","doi":"10.1111/hel.70005","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As seen globally, there are up to sixfold differences in gastric cancer mortality by ethnicity in Aotearoa New Zealand, and <i>H. pylori</i> is the major modifiable risk factor<i>.</i> This study investigates whether current <i>H. pylori</i> testing and treatment approaches are equitable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The study design was a retrospective cohort analysis of linked administrative health data. Laboratory testing data and pharmacy dispensing were linked to the Northern region health user population dataset (1.9 million) from 2015 to 2018. We investigated an individual's first test for <i>H. pylori</i>. Regression analyses compared ethnic differences in rates of <i>H. pylori</i> testing, infection, treatment, and retesting, adjusted for age, sex, and calendar year.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ethnic inequities were present across the clinical pathway. Compared to sole-European, testing rates were lowest in Māori (OR 0.69) and Pacific (OR 0.81) and highest in Middle-Eastern/Latin-American/African (MELAA) (OR 2.21) and Asian (OR 2.02). Positivity rates were highest in MELAA (RR 2.96, 39%) and Pacific (RR 2.84, 38%) followed by Asian (RR 1.93, 26%) and Māori (RR 1.71, 23%). Treatment rates were similar for Asian (HR 1.05), MELAA (HR 1.03), and Māori (HR 0.98) compared to sole-European but lower in Pacific (HR 0.90). Māori and Pacific were half as likely to be retested as sole-European.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite the higher prevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> and gastric cancer, Māori and Pacific are relatively underserved with lower rates of testing and treatment than sole-European. Improved guidelines and the consistent application of these along with an equity-focused test and treat program are likely to be particularly beneficial for Māori and Pacific in addressing inequities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11718595/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combatting Helicobacter pylori: A Focus on Nanomaterials","authors":"Xuanping Wang,&nbsp;Xihui Felicia Chan,&nbsp;Yuyo Go,&nbsp;Yishen Wang,&nbsp;Tingyu Li,&nbsp;Gangshi Wang","doi":"10.1111/hel.70004","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Developing effective non-antibiotic antimicrobial strategies is essential for combating global antibiotic resistance, including resistance stemming from <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) treatment. Nanomaterials offer a promising and innovative approach for non-antibiotic anti-<i>H. pylori</i> treatment strategies. This review highlights the progress made in the use of metallic and nonmetallic nanoparticles, as well as nanozymes, to directly inhibit <i>H. pylori</i> growth. Moreover, we summarize advances made in the direct targeting of <i>H. pylori</i> by nanomaterials and the stimuli-responsive release of nanoparticles in the stomach. Additionally, we explore the recent advancements in multifunctional nanoplatforms that integrate physical methods, such as light, heat, ultrasound, and magnetism, with nanomaterials to synergistically treat <i>H. pylori</i> infections. Finally, we briefly address the existing challenges and future directions in this field. In summary, we highlight that with ongoing research, nanomaterials may serve as a promising treatment strategy for <i>H. pylori</i> eradication.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Lactobacillus spp. Supplementation in Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Systematic Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials With Trial Sequential Analysis","authors":"Vivek Mishra,&nbsp;Debabrata Dash,&nbsp;Aditya K. Panda,&nbsp;Sushil Kumar Pathak","doi":"10.1111/hel.70006","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.70006","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; infection is a major global health concern and has been associated with a number of gastrointestinal disorders. Probiotics, especially &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus&lt;/i&gt; spp., have been suggested to have beneficial effect in managing &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; infection. This meta-analysis of randomized control trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the effect of &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus&lt;/i&gt; spp. supplementation on &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; eradication rates and associated side effects when combined with standard therapy.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Materials and Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Relevant studies were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Library. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) Software 4.0 was used for all the statistical analyses. TSA 0.9.5.10 Beta software was used for the trial sequential analysis (TSA). GRADEpro GDT was used to assess the certainty of evidence.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;An analysis of 26 selected studies showed that supplementing with &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus&lt;/i&gt; spp. significantly increased the rates of &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; eradication in per-protocol (PP) analysis (Overall risk ratio [RR] = 1.063, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.000, 95% CI of −0.21 to 2.11; adults: RR = 1.050, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.005, 95% CI = −0.55 to 2.03, children: RR = 1.223, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001, 95% CI = −13.35 to 4.55). In comparison to quadruple therapy, &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus&lt;/i&gt; spp. supplementation to triple therapy showed significant benefit (RR: 1.124; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.000, 95% CI of −0.48 to 2.61). &lt;i&gt;L. reuteri&lt;/i&gt; supplementation indicated better efficacy (RR: 1.049; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.055, 95% CI of −0.56 to 3.26) than &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus&lt;/i&gt; GG (RR: 0.980; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.595, 95% CI of −0.69 to 1.21). The 28–30 day (RR: 1.103; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003, 95% CI of −2.14 to 4.19) and 14-day supplementation periods (RR: 1.102; p = 0.003, 95% CI of −1.69 to 3.51) showed the most improvement. The analysis also revealed that &lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus&lt;/i&gt; spp. significantly reduced gastrointestinal side effects: nausea/vomiting (RR: 0.566; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.037, −3.11 to 1.45), diarrhea (RR: 0.324; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.000, −5.46 to 0.48), and abdominal pain (RR: 0.438; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.007, −5.65 to 4.22). The effect on bloating was non-significant (RR: 0.820; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.498, −4.01 to 0.96). TSA graphs validated sufficient evidence for the conclusions.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Lactobacillus&lt;/i&gt; spp. significantly enhances &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; eradication rates and may reduce gastrointestinal side effects when used alongside standard therapy, offering a promising adjunctive treatment option. The evidence was supported by TSA and asse","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142894200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori Infection in Children: To Eradicate or Not to Eradicate?","authors":"Marco Manfredi,&nbsp;Madhur Ravikumara","doi":"10.1111/hel.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection is usually acquired during childhood and represents one of the most common infections in humans. It is well known that <i>H. pylori</i> has belonged to humankind for hundreds of thousands of years and it accompanied the human migration from Africa. The adult international guidelines recommend treating all infected patients as <i>H. pylori</i> was classified among the first-class human carcinogens by the WHO in 1994 and it is one of the main factors involved in the development of gastric cancer. Conversely, the pediatric international guidelines are more restrictive in recommending the eradication of the infection in children. Although many studies have shown evidence regarding the pathological role of <i>H. pylori</i> regardless of the age of the infected patients, many others have highlighted its protective/positive role in several extra-gastric diseases in children. In this review, both points of view regarding the eradication in children are critically analyzed.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142685296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}