Helicobacter最新文献

{"title":"Helicobacter pylori Management in Africa: A Survey of Diagnostic, Treatment, and Related Resources","authors":"Setshedi Mashiko,&nbsp;Stella Ifeanyi Smith,&nbsp;Ugiagbe Rose,&nbsp;Otegbayo Jesse Abiodun,&nbsp;Hyasinta Jaka,&nbsp;Onyekwere Charles,&nbsp;Nashidengo Abdulrashid,&nbsp;Kayamba Violet,&nbsp;Tshibangu-Kabamba Evariste,&nbsp;Ndububa Dennis,&nbsp;Gunturu Revathi,&nbsp;Lahbabi-Amrani Naima,&nbsp;Ajayi Abraham,&nbsp;Tolulope Funbi Jolaiya,&nbsp;Dieye Yakhya,&nbsp;Alboraie Mohamed,&nbsp;Ndip Roland","doi":"10.1111/hel.13153","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13153","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Although <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection (<i>H. pylori</i>) prevalence in Africa has declined in the last decade, it remains concerningly high. <i>H. pylori</i> is asymptomatic in the majority of patients but is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in 10%–20%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted an online survey of 21 African countries, with the link distributed to members of the African Helicobacter Microbiota Study Group. The survey was completed by 562 respondents; the majority were from Nigeria (27.2%), South Africa (18.1%), Tanzania (17.6%), Egypt (16.9%), and Cameroon (14.2%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The most common reason for <i>H. pylori</i> testing was dyspepsia in 83.9% of the cases. Abnormal findings at gastroscopy (62.3%) and heartburn (61.7%) were also common indications. Stool antigen testing and histological examination of gastric biopsies using Giemsa were the two most used methods for <i>H. pylori</i> testing at 62.3% and 50.3%, respectively. Most respondents reported the use of standard clarithromycin-based triple therapy as first-line treatment for <i>H. pylori</i> infection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This survey has demonstrated the diversity of practice and resource availability within the African continent. Several international guidelines exist on the management of <i>H. pylori</i>, but little data is available in Africa on how this condition is managed in every day clinical practice. There is an urgent need to formulate evidence-based and locally relevant practice guidelines on the African continent. In this context, the African Helicobacter and Microbiota study group was formed to coordinate efforts across the continent on <i>H. pylori</i> research to provide guidance on its management. This paper, therefore, aimed to evaluate the practice of <i>H. pylori</i> diagnostics and management, as well as related resources in representative countries in Africa, to facilitate the development of such guidelines.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Vonoprazan in Dual/Triple/Quadruple Regimens Both in First-Line and Rescue Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis","authors":"Belén Martínez Benito,&nbsp;Olga P. Nyssen,&nbsp;Javier P. Gisbert","doi":"10.1111/hel.13148","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13148","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The efficacy of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) eradication therapies encompassing one or more antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) has lately decreased. Vonoprazan (VPZ), a potassium-competitive acid blocker, provides higher gastric acid suppression than PPIs. We performed a meta-analysis evaluating the efficacy and safety of VPZ in <i>H. pylori</i> eradication therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to June 2023. Efficacy was evaluated by intention-to-treat analysis. Data were combined by meta-analyzing risk differences (RD). Heterogeneity was evaluated by subgrouping.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Seventy-seven studies (24 randomized clinical trials) evaluated 44,162 patients (22,297 receiving VPZ and 21,865 PPIs). Overall VPZ efficacy was 88% (95% CI = 87%–90%): 86%, 88%, and 94% for dual/triple/quadruple-VPZ-containing therapies. VPZ efficacy was 87% (86%–89%) in first-line and 90% (87%–93%) in rescue therapy. VPZ performed better than PPIs in treatment-naïve patients (87% vs. 70%; RD = 0.13, 95% CI = 0.11–0.15) and when using triple regimens. No significant differences were observed in rescue and quadruple therapies. In patients with clarithromycin-resistant infection, VPZ-based therapies demonstrated an 81% efficacy (76%–85%), surpassing PPIs (76% vs. 40%; RD = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.24–0.43). For clarithromycin-susceptible strains, VPZ efficacy was 92% (89%–95%), similar to PPIs. VPZ adverse events rate was 19% (16%–21%), comparable to PPI-based regimens (18% vs. 13%, respectively; RD = 0.00, 95% CI = −0.01 to 0.02, <i>p</i> = 0.57).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The efficacy of VPZ-based regimens was over 85% in all treatment combinations. In treatment-naïve and clarithromycin-resistant patients, VPZ performed better than PPIs. In rescue therapy, in clarithromycin-susceptible patients or when quadruple regimens were prescribed, this advantage was not confirmed. Tolerability was similar in both regimens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tegoprazan-Amoxicillin Dual Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter Study in Fujian, China","authors":"Xueyan Lin,&nbsp;Huping Huang,&nbsp;Yijuan Liu,&nbsp;Yanling Zeng,&nbsp;Shiyun Lu,&nbsp;Xuefeng Xu,&nbsp;Yun Lin,&nbsp;Feng Qiu,&nbsp;Fangfang Cai,&nbsp;Jie Pan,&nbsp;Shaozhong Huang,&nbsp;Shaowei Lin,&nbsp;Aiping Lin,&nbsp;Zhihui Lin,&nbsp;Xueping Huang","doi":"10.1111/hel.13151","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13151","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Few studies have investigated the efficacy and safety of tegoprazan-amoxicillin (TA) dual therapy for &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; eradication. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of different dosages of TA dual therapy for &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; eradication.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This prospective, randomized, open-label, multicenter study was conducted at four centers in Fujian, China. &lt;i&gt;H. pylori-&lt;/i&gt;infective patients were randomized 1:1:1 to receive one of the following treatments: bismuth quadruple therapy (BQT, esomeprazole 20 mg twice daily + potassium bismuth citrate 240 mg twice daily + amoxicillin 1 g twice daily + clarithromycin 500 mg twice daily), tegoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapies (TA-qd, tegoprazan 50 mg once daily + amoxicillin 1 g thrice daily; TA-bid, tegoprazan 50 mg twice daily + amoxicillin 1 g thrice daily) for 14 days. The primary outcome was noninferiority in eradication rates of the different TA groups compared to the BQT group. Secondary outcomes encompassed an assessment of adverse reactions and clinical symptom relief. Additionally, exploratory outcomes were focused on the shifts in gut microbiota and a cost-effectiveness analysis.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A total of 321 patients were enrolled. The eradication rates in the BQT group, TA-qd group, and TA-bid group were 85.05% (91/107), 85.98% (92/107), and 85.98% (92/107) in the intention-to-treat analysis (ITT) (BQT vs. TA-qd, 95% CI −8.50% to 10.36%, noninferiority &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.012; BQT vs. TA-bid, 95% CI −8.50% to 10.36%, noninferiority &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.012); 91.00% (91/100), 91.09% (92/101), and 92.93% (92/99) in the modified intention-to-treat analysis (mITT) (BQT vs. TA-qd, 95% CI −7.81% to 7.98%, noninferiority &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.006; BQT vs. TA-bid, 95% CI −5.62% to 9.48%, noninferiority &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001); 90.81% (89/98), 91.00% (91/100), and 93.81% (91/97) in the per-protocol analysis (PP) (BQT vs. TA-qd, 95% CI −7.83% to 8.19%, noninferiority &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.006; BQT vs. TA-bid, 95% CI 4.46% to 10.46%, noninferiority &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions in the TA-qd and TA-bid groups was significantly lower than in the BQT group (13.33%, 14.56%, and 27.18%, respectively; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.017). The complete remissions of clinical symptoms for BQT, TA-qd, and TA-bid were 36.89%, 65.71%, and 68.93%, respectively, had significant differences (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001). Two weeks of TA therapy altered gut microbiota diversity and composition, but that recovered 4 weeks after discontinuation. The cost-effectiveness ratios (CERs) for BQT, TA-qd, and TA-bid were 1.85 CNY, 2.08 CNY, and 3.69 CNY, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Potassium-Competitive Acid Blockers and Proton Pump Inhibitors for First-Line Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis","authors":"Mengling Ouyang,&nbsp;Shupeng Zou,&nbsp;Qian Cheng,&nbsp;Xuan Shi,&nbsp;Minghui Sun","doi":"10.1111/hel.13150","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13150","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Given the increasing antibiotic resistance and the inadequate acid-suppressing effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), it is crucial to continuously optimize existing <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) treatment regimens. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of novel potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB)-based eradication regimens compared with traditional PPI-based regimens for the initial treatment of <i>H. pylori</i>.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis, searching seven electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating initial P-CAB-based <i>H. pylori</i> eradication therapy. The primary outcome was the <i>H. pylori</i> eradication rate. Secondary outcomes included adverse events and patient compliance. We synthesized the effect sizes of the trials using odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 54 RCTs involving 15,320 patients (74.9% male, mean age 30.2 years) were included in this study. In the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, VPZ-HD-dual, VPZ-triple, and VPZ-quadruple regimens demonstrated significantly higher eradication rates than PPI-triple, PPI-quadruple, and VPZ-dual regimens. Similar trends were observed in the per-protocol (PP) analysis. Subgroup analysis indicated that poor patient compliance significantly reduced eradication rates. Resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole significantly weakened the eradication effects of PPI-triple, TPZ-triple, and VPZ-triple regimens. Additionally, the eradication rates for 7-day regimens were significantly lower than those for 14-day or 10-day regimens, but there was no significant difference between the eradication rates of 10-day and 14-day regimens. Notably, the risk of adverse events with VPZ-HD-dual was significantly lower than with VPZ-quadruple.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Vonoprazan combined with high-dose amoxicillin dual therapy not only provides satisfactory eradication rates but also exhibits lower adverse event rates and good patient compliance, indicating its potential as a promising regimen for further promotion.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142603995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Bismuth Quadruple Therapy in the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori-Infected Peptic Ulcer Children in Vietnam","authors":"Thi Minh Phuong Do,&nbsp;Thi Huyen Trang Tran,&nbsp;Van Tinh Nguyen,&nbsp;Thi Phuong Mai Chu,&nbsp;Loi Nguyen,&nbsp;Kim Thanh Nguyen,&nbsp;Thi Bich Ngoc Hoang,&nbsp;Anh Le Huu Phuong,&nbsp;Yoshio Yamaoka,&nbsp;Linus Olson,&nbsp;Thi Viet Ha Nguyen","doi":"10.1111/hel.13149","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13149","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The continuous increase in drug-resistant strains, the lack of novel antibiotics, and the fewer options available to combat antibiotic-resistant infections in pediatrics pose significant challenges to the eradication of <i>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)</i> in children. This study evaluated the efficacy of first-line therapy with bismuth quadruple therapy in <i>H. pylori</i>-positive pediatric patients with peptic ulcers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>136 patients (aged between 8 and 17 years) diagnosed with active peptic ulcers with <i>H. pylori</i> infection were enrolled in this study. Patients with <i>H. pylori</i> strain sensitive to tetracycline and metronidazole were assigned to bismuth quadruple therapy, including a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), bismuth, tetracycline, and metronidazole. Antibiotic resistance of <i>H. pylori</i> was analyzed by the Epsilometer test. Treatment efficacy was evaluated at 12 weeks based on <i>H. pylori</i> eradication and peptic ulcer healing rates. <i>H. pylori</i> infection status was evaluated by a ¹³C-urea breath test.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Most isolates showed extremely high rates of resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics used for children, including clarithromycin (97.0%) and amoxicillin (84.6%), while the low rate of resistance to levofloxacin (16.2%). The overall success rate of eradication therapy in the intention-to-treat and the per-protocol group were 86.0% and 89.3%, respectively. Peptic ulcer healing rates for total patients at 6 weeks and 12 weeks were 75.0% and 97.7%, respectively. There were no entail unpleasant adverse events, and peptic ulcer symptoms decreased steadily over time in all cases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The bismuth quadruple therapy with a 2-week PPI pretreatment and followed by prolonged PPI was highly successful in eradicating <i>H. pylori</i> infection and healing ulcers in pediatric patients with active peptic ulcer. This might be preferable as a first-line empiric treatment regimen for <i>H. pylori</i>-positive pediatric patients with peptic ulcers, especially in populations with high rates of resistance to amoxicillin and clarithromycin.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142582950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Map-Like Redness Development After Eradication Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Infection: Prospective Multicenter Observational Study","authors":"Sho Matsumoto,&nbsp;Mitsushige Sugimoto,&nbsp;Tomohiro Terai,&nbsp;Yasuhiko Maruyama,&nbsp;Shu Sahara,&nbsp;Shigeru Kanaoka,&nbsp;Yashiro Yoshizawa,&nbsp;Shuhei Unno,&nbsp;Masaki Murata,&nbsp;Takahiro Uotani,&nbsp;Tomohiro Sugiyama,&nbsp;Shigemi Nakajima,&nbsp;Kiyoyuki Hayafuji,&nbsp;Ken Haruma,&nbsp;Tomoari Kamada,&nbsp;Masakatsu Fukuzawa,&nbsp;Takashi Kawai,&nbsp;Takao Itoi","doi":"10.1111/hel.13146","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13146","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Map-like redness, pathological intestinal metaplasia, is observed in one-fourth to one-third of patients 1 year after <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> eradication therapy, mainly in the corpus, and is a newly identified endoscopic risk factor for gastric cancer development after eradication. However, it is unclear whether intestinal metaplasia is present before eradication at the site where the map-like redness appears. We aimed to identify endoscopic findings that predict the occurrence of map-like redness before <i>H. pylori</i> eradication.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>As a prospective multicenter trial, the characteristics of patients in whom map-like redness developed after eradication, and the association between the endoscopic severity of gastritis and the development of map-like redness in patients who underwent endoscopy before and 1-year after eradication were investigated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The rate of map-like redness in all 93 patients 1-year postsuccessful eradication was 30.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 21.0–40.5). All patients with map-like redness were endoscopically observed to have intestinal metaplasia before eradication, in the site that subsequently developed map-like redness. Patients who developed map-like redness were older, had more severe intestinal metaplasia and nodularity and a higher total score on the Kyoto Classification of Gastritis both before and after eradication than patients who did not. On multivariate analysis, map-like redness was found to be associated with posttreatment intestinal metaplasia (odds ratio: 8.144; 95% CI: 2.811–23.592).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In all patients who developed map-like redness after eradication, endoscopic intestinal metaplasia was observed at the site developed map-like redness before eradication therapy. Map-like redness was especially observed in patients with more severe intestinal metaplasia at 1-year after eradication. Such patients require increased attention at surveillance endoscopy, owing to generally having a higher risk of gastric cancer development.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>University Hospital Medical Information Network: UMIN000044707</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.13146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142568064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of High Altitude and Diet on Gastric Disease Severity in Helicobacter pylori Infection in Peru.","authors":"David Requena, Eduardo Ribas, Robert H Gilman, Lilia Cabrera, Jaime Cok, Walter Barriga-Rivera, Juan Combe-Gutiérrez, Gloria Vargas-Cardenas, Lisa Seidelmann, Catherine H Miele","doi":"10.1111/hel.13147","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that infects approximately half of the world's population, being more prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. H. pylori can cause gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric cancer, which is among the five most frequent cancers worldwide. Other factors such as a diet low in vegetables and high in processed red meat have been associated with gastric cancer. Here, we studied the effects of high altitude and diet on gastric disease severity in H. pylori infection in a multicenter cross-sectional study in Peru (N = 343). We recruited people from villages with distinct eating habits (high meat consumption, mixed, and limited meat consumption diet) in the Andes (Puno), and compared them to people living at sea level with a mixed diet (Lima). H. pylori infection prevalence was higher at high altitude than at sea level. High altitude, diet, and age showed a significant correlation with the severity of gastric disease, whereas H. pylori infection and sex did not. However, high altitude was not found to be a risk factor for intestinal metaplasia, while diet and age were. At high altitude, a meat-rich diet was associated with a higher incidence of metaplasia compared to a plant-based diet. This study provides a comparison of communities living at high altitude with spontaneously different diets, showing that high processed red meat consumption is a risk factor for gastric disease. Further studies are needed to explain this phenomenon and its impact on the development and progression of gastric pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 6","pages":"e13147"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to Antimicrobial Resistance of Helicobacter pylori Isolated From Latin American Children and Adolescents (2008–2023): A Systematic Review","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/hel.13145","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13145","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;C. Cabrera, J. Torres, C. Serrano, P. Gallardo, V. Orellana, S. George, M. O'Ryan, and Y. Lucero, “Antimicrobial Resistance of &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; Isolated From Latin American Children and Adolescents (2008–2023): A Systematic Review,” &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter&lt;/i&gt; 29, (2024): e13101. https://doi.org/10.1111/hel.13101.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the article, the errors detailed below were identified. These errors are due to an earlier version of the manuscript being published. These have been corrected in the online version of the article, and they do not affect the overall conclusions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 &lt;b&gt;Abstract&lt;/b&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The first sentence of the Results paragraph originally stated that out of 51 studies, 45 were excluded. This has been corrected to 44 excluded studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The second sentence of the Results paragraph originally read, “the quality of the six analyzed studies…was satisfactory.” This has been corrected to seven analyzed studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The fourth sentence of the Results paragraph originally read, “Clarithromycin resistance ranged from 8.0% to 26.7% (6 studies; 297 samples).” This has been corrected to 8.1%–79.6% (seven studies, 346 samples).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 &lt;b&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;\u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the second paragraph of section 3.1, it was originally stated that 16 studies were excluded and that eight were conducted solely in adult populations. This has been corrected to read that 15 studies were excluded and nine were conducted solely in adult populations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the first paragraph of section 3.2, it was originally stated that the quality of the six selected studies was assessed. This has been corrected to seven studies. Additionally, it was stated that the other four studies used statistical tools to validate their results. This has been corrected to six studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the first paragraph of section 3.3, the first sentence originally read, “All six studies were cross-sectional observational studies, each including pediatric patients [7–12].” This has been corrected to “All seven studies were cross-sectional observational studies, each including pediatric patients [7–13].” Additionally, the fifth sentence originally stated that two of the studies evaluated antimicrobial resistance. This has been corrected to three studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In the second paragraph of section 3.4, the first sentence originally read, “Genotypic studies (Table 2) explored susceptibility to clarithromycin (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 3; 139 samples).” This has been corrected to “Genotypic studies explored susceptibility to clarithromycin (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 4; 188 samples).” Additionally, the second sentence originally read, “The mean rate of resistance to clarithromycin was 13.8%, with the A2143G mutation being the most frequently detected in these strains (87.5%, 14/16 tested), followed by the A2142G mutation (12.5%, 2/16 tested).” This has been corrected to, “The resistance to clarithromycin ranged between 8.1% and 79.6%, with the A2143G mutation as the most frequently detecte","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.13145","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimal Duration of Bismuth-Containing Quadruple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Miao Duan,&nbsp;Qingzhou Kong,&nbsp;Hui Wang,&nbsp;Yueyue Li","doi":"10.1111/hel.13144","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13144","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The eradication of &lt;i&gt;Helicobacter pylori&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt;) is crucial due to its rising prevalence and increasing resistance. Bismuth-containing quadruple therapies (BcQTs) have been proposed as a viable treatment option; however, the optimal duration for it remains contentious. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of short-term BcQT (defined as 7 or 10 days) with a standard 14-day course.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library was conducted for randomized controlled trials published in English until June 20, 2024. Eligibility criteria were applied to identify relevant studies. Summary risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for the included studies regarding eradication rates, adverse effects, and compliance. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement and was previously registered in PROSPERO under registration number CRD42024547773.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This meta-analysis finally included 15 trials involving a total of 4505 patients. The eradication rates for short courses of BcQT were lower than those for the 14-day course (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.93–0.99). However, the eradication rate for the 10-day therapy was comparable to that of the 14-day therapy (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.95–1.00). Subgroup analyses of antibiotic combinations indicated that tetracycline and metronidazole combinations yielded similar &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt; eradication rates in the 7-day versus the 14-day BcQT (RR 0.93, 95% CI 0.84–1.02). In the potassium-competitive acid blocker subgroup, the eradication rates remained similar across the 14-day group and the short-course treatment groups, whether evaluating the short-term treatment groups as a whole or the 7- and 10-day subgroups separately. Additionally, the adverse effects and compliance associated with the short course of BcQT were comparable to those of the 14-day therapy.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;A 10-day course of BcQT may represent the optimal treatment duration. Nevertheless, the choice of antibiotic combination should be guided by the regional antibiotic resistance patterns of &lt;i&gt;H. pylori&lt;/i&gt;, as combinations with lower resistance rates are more effective.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Trial Registration&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;PROSPERO number: CRD42024547773&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/secti","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of oipA Phase Variation on Virulence Phenotypes Related to Type IV Secretion System in Helicobacter pylori","authors":"Jing Lai,&nbsp;Sacheera Angulmaduwa,&nbsp;Myeong-A Kim,&nbsp;Aeryun Kim,&nbsp;Kavinda Tissera,&nbsp;Yong-Joon Cho,&nbsp;Jeong-Heon Cha","doi":"10.1111/hel.13140","DOIUrl":"10.1111/hel.13140","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>oipA</i>, an outer membrane protein of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, is linked to IL-8 induction and gastric inflammation, but its role is debated due to inconsistent findings. This study aims to explore the role of <i>oipA</i> phase variation in modulating the virulence traits of <i>H. pylori</i>, a bacterium strongly associated with the development of gastric cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Material and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>American clinical isolate AH868 strain for naturally occurring phase variations of the <i>oipA</i> gene, and G27 strain for in vitro–induced phase variations were used to elucidate <i>oipA</i>'s impact on key virulence phenotypes, including cell elongation, CagA phosphorylation, and IL-8 induction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using AH868 strain, natural <i>oipA</i> phase variation does not affect cell elongation and IL-8 induction. Interestingly, however, in vitro–induced <i>oipA</i> phase variations in G27 strain uncovered that 9.4% of <i>oipA</i> “Off” transformants exhibit reduced cell elongation while all maintaining consistent IL-8 induction levels. Additionally, complementation of <i>oipA</i> “Off to On” status restores the cell elongation phenotype in 12.5% of transformants, highlighting the importance of <i>oipA</i> in maintaining normal cell morphology. Crucially, these variations in cell elongation are not linked to changes in bacterial adherence capabilities. Furthermore, the study shows a correlation among <i>oipA</i> phase variation, cell elongation, and CagA phosphorylation, suggesting that <i>oipA</i> influences the functionality of the Type IV secretion system. Whole-genome sequencing of selected transformants reveals genetic variations in <i>bab</i> paralogue, <i>cagY</i> gene, and other genomic regions, underscoring the complex genetic interactions that shape <i>H. pylori</i>'s virulence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our research provides new insights into the subtle yet significant role of <i>oipA</i> phase variation in <i>H. pylori</i> pathogenicity, emphasizing the need for further studies to explore the intricate molecular mechanisms involved. This understanding could pave the way for targeted therapeutic strategies to mitigate the impact of <i>H. pylori</i> on human health.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13223,"journal":{"name":"Helicobacter","volume":"29 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/hel.13140","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}