IBRO Neuroscience Reports最新文献

{"title":"Transgenerational of Oxidative Damage Induced by Prenatal Ethanol Exposure on Spatial Learning/Memory and BDNF in the of Male Rats","authors":"Mousa Shaabani Ghahremanlo,&nbsp;Vida Hojati ,&nbsp;Gholamhassan Vaezi,&nbsp;Shahram Sharafi","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alcohol consumption during pregnancy harms fetal development, leading to various physical and behavioral issues. This study investigates how prenatal ethanol exposure triggers oxidative stress (OS) and affects neurotrophic factors (NTFs), particularly brain-derived growth factor (BDNF) gene expression in the hippocampus, influencing learning and memory decline across two generations of male offspring from ethanol-exposed female rats. A rat model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) was initially generated to reflect on the deficits in the first generation, and then those transmitted via the male germline to the unexposed male ones. The pregnant rats were thus divided into four groups, namely, the control group (CTRL) receiving only distilled water (DW), and three groups being exposed to ethanol (20 %, 4.5 g/kg) by oral gavage, during the first 10-day gestation (FG), the second 10-day gestation (SG), and the entire gestation (EG) periods. Subsequent Morris water maze (MWM) tests on male offspring revealed spatial learning deficits during the second and entire gestational periods in both generations. Analysis of antioxidant enzyme activity including glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA), and BDNF gene expression in the hippocampus further highlighted the impacts of prenatal ethanol exposure. The study results demonstrated that prenatal ethanol exposure caused spatial learning/memory deficits during the SG and EG, altered antioxidant enzyme activity, and reduced BDNF gene expression in both generations. The findings underscore the role of OS in developmental and behavioral issues in FASD rat models and suggest that lasting transgenerational effects in the second generation may stem from alcohol-induced changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 398-406"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preclinical evidence for the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of citicoline and imipramine in the sciatic nerve-ligated mice","authors":"Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast ,&nbsp;Bardia Hajikarimloo ,&nbsp;Nastaran Raissi-Dehkordi ,&nbsp;Negar Raissi-Dehkordi ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Khakpai","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neuropathic pain is a usual condition followed by nerve injury. Experimental neuropathy is linked with delayed behavioral variations correlated to anxiety and depression behaviors. Imipramine is a tricyclic antidepressant that can diminish anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors. Also, citicoline as a dietary supplement has antidepressant and anxiolytic effects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We sought to investigate citicoline's effect on anxiety-like (by elevated plus-maze (EPM)) and depression-like (by tail suspension test (TST)) responses as well as its potential to increase imipramine antidepressant properties in nerve-ligated mice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that induction of neuropathic pain through sciatic nerve ligation caused anxious- and depressant-like behaviors in male mice. On the other hand, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of moderate (50 mg/kg) and high (100 mg/kg) doses of citicoline and high dose of imipramine (5 mg/kg) significantly reduced anxiety- and depression-like behaviors induced by sciatic nerve ligation in male mice. Additionally, a low (25 mg/kg) dose of citicoline potentiated the anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects of different doses of imipramine when they co-injected in nerve-ligated mice. Isobolographic analysis indicated an additive effect of imipramine and citicoline on the occurrence of anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like behaviors in nerve-ligated mice. Our results showed that citicoline alone reduces anxiety- and depression-like behaviors. Furthermore, when co-administered with imipramine, citicoline potentiates imipramine effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Injection of citicoline (as a dietary supplement) along with imipramine improved the effectiveness of imipramine for the management of anxiety- and depressive-like responses in nerve-ligated mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 364-371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142538188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroacupuncture alleviates paradoxical sleep deprivation-induced postoperative hyperalgesia via a7nAChR mediated BDNF/TrkB-KCC2 signaling pathway in the spinal cord","authors":"Yi-yang Cui (MMed) ,&nbsp;Zi-qing Xu (MMed) ,&nbsp;Xiao-yu Qin (MMed) ,&nbsp;Huai-jing Hou (MMed) ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang (MMed) ,&nbsp;Jian-jun Xue (MD)","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perioperative Paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD) is associated with postoperative hyperalgesia. However, the clinical therapeutic strategies for PSD-induced postoperative hyperalgesia are limited. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been used for attenuating many types of pain, including neuropathic pain and inflammatory pain, but its effect on PSD-induced postoperative hyperalgesia is still unclear, and its analgesia mechanism should be further explored. In this study, we designed to investigate the possible mechanism of PSD-induced postoperative hyperalgesia and the effect of EA on PSD-induced postoperative hyperalgesia, and whether the mechanism is related to the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway mediated by α7nAChR in the spinal cord. The paw withdrawal thermal latency (PWTL) and paw withdrawal mechanical threshold (PWMT) of rats were used to detect PSD-induced hyperalgesia. The expression of α7nAChR, BDNF, TrkB and KCC2 in the spinal cord were evaluated by Western blot and immunofluorescence. The results showed that preoperative 24 h PSD significantly decreased the PWTL and PWMT. The expression of α7nAChR and KCC2 significantly downregulated in the spinal cord of PSD-induced postoperative hyperalgesia rats, the opposite was observed for BDNF and TrkB expression. Moreover, intrathecal injection of alpha-bungarotoxin (α-BGT), a selective antagonist for α7nAChR, not only aggravated the pain hypersensitivity, but also demonstrated a further decrease of α7nAChR and KCC2 expression and a further increase of BDNF and TrkB expression. EA stimulation increased the PWTL and PWMT values of PSD-induced postoperative hyperalgesia rats, significantly upregulated α7nAChR and KCC2 expression, and significantly downregulated BDNF and TrkB expression. Moreover, intrathecal injection of α-BGT suppressed the analgesic effect of EA, inhibited the enhancement of α7nAChR and KCC2 expression and the reduction of BDNF and TrkB expression induced by EA. In conclusion, our study indicated that 24 h PSD can cause postoperative hyperalgesia, and the mechanism may be related to the disorder of α7nAChR mediated BDNF/TrkB-KCC2 signaling pathway. EA can alleviate postoperative hyperalgesia induced by PSD, which may be related to its effect in activating α7nAChR, inhibiting the expression of BDNF/TrkB, and up-regulating the expression of KCC2 in the spinal cord.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 389-397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fasudil attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive impairment in C57BL/6 mice through anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects: Possible role of aquaporin-4","authors":"Sahra Jalalkamali ,&nbsp;Mohsen Ghahremani ,&nbsp;Vida Jashn ,&nbsp;Negin Sadat Lajevardi ,&nbsp;Sevda Mahdipoor Koloor ,&nbsp;Seyede Zohreh Jazaeri ,&nbsp;Javad Fahanik-babaei","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Processes that generate systemic inflammation are strongly associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This study aimed to explore the potential anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of fasudil and its role in modulating aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) to improve cognitive impairment in a systemic inflammation model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>fourty C57BL/6 mice were assigned to four groups, including sham, LPS, sham+fasudil, and LPS+fasudil). Intraperitoneal LPS was given (500 μg/kg/day) at hours 0, 24, 48, and 72, and fasudil (30 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneal injections 2 hours after LPS injection. The open field, Y-maze, and Novel object tasks was used to assess learning and memory. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the hippocampus also measured as markers of oxidative stress and inflammation. Furthermore, the expression of AQP-4 measured in the intact and experimental groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that Fasudil significantly improved memory and anxiety behavior induced by LPS in the open field maze, spatial recognition memory in the Y-maze, and performance in the novel object recognition task. It also mitigates hippocampal MDA and SOD levels. Additionally, fasudil ameliorated LPS-induced hippocampal levels of TNFα and IL-10 and increased hippocampal levels of AQP-4 expression in mice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results suggest that fasudil in the LPS model of systemic inflammation could improve cognition by suppressing oxidative stress and inflammation and increasing AQP-4 protein expression. These findings highlighted the potential of fasudil as a neuroprotective agent. However, further research is required to fully understand its neuroprotective properties in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 372-381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142554544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibiting the soluble epoxide hydrolase increases the EpFAs and ERK1/2 expression in the hippocampus of LiCl-pilocarpine post-status epilepticus rat model","authors":"Weifeng Peng ,&nbsp;Zihan Hu ,&nbsp;Yijun Shen ,&nbsp;Xin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the enzyme activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) and quantify its metabolic substrates, namely epoxygenated fatty acids (EpFAs), and products of sEH in the hippocampus after administering TPPU [1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl)urea], an inhibitor of sEH. Furthermore, it explored whether the extracellular signal-activated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) is involved in the anti-seizure effects of TPPU in the lithium chloride (LiCl)-pilocarpine induced post-status epilepticus (SE) rat model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The rats were intraperitoneally (I.P.) injected with LiCl and pilocarpine to induce SE and then spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRS) were observed. Rats were randomly assigned into SRS + TPPU group (intragastrically administering 0.1 mg/kg/d TPPU), SRS + Vehicle group (administering the vehicle instead), and Control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western-blot analysis, and ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) were performed to measure the enzyme activity of sEH, the protein level of sEH and ERK1/2, and the concentration of TPPU and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) metabolisms in the hippocampus.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The frequency of SRS events of Racine stage 3 or higher ranged from 0 to 19 per week in the SRS + Vehicle group, compared to 0–5 per week in the SRS + TPPU group. sEH enzyme activity and protein levels were significantly elevated in the SRS + Vehicle group compared to the Control group. After TPPU administration, the hippocampal TPPU concentration reached 10.94 ± 4.37 nmol/kg. sEH enzyme activity was significantly reduced in the LiCl-pilocarpine-induced post-SE rat model, although sEH protein levels did not decrease significantly. The regioisomers 8,9-, 11,12-, and 14,15-EETs, total EETs, the EETs/DHETs ratio, other EpFAs including 16(17)-EpDPA, and the 19(20)-EpDPA/19,20-DiHDPA ratio in the hippocampus were significantly increased. Additionally, the p-ERK1/2 to ERK1/2 ratio in the hippocampus was significantly elevated following TPPU administration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that inhibiting sEH with TPPU increases the levels of EETs, other EpFAs, and ERK1/2 expression in the hippocampus of a LiCl-pilocarpine-induced post-SE rat model. These findings suggest that the anti-seizure effect of TPPU may be mediated through the EETs-ERK1/2 pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 329-336"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Lantana camara show antiepileptic and anxiolytic effects by inhibiting the ferroptosis pathway in kainate-treated mice","authors":"Mabou Symphorien Talom,&nbsp;Kandeda Antoine Kavaye,&nbsp;Bilanda Danielle Claude,&nbsp;Nkengne Steve Melton,&nbsp;Soffo Gildas Moffo,&nbsp;Edzoa Xavier Francois","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In Cameroon, epilepsy is one of the most common neurological diseases. Available anti-epileptic medication, on the other hand, have been associated with pharmacological toxicity and emotional impairment. The identification of a more efficient replacement is critical. Recent research reveals that ferroptosis contributes to the pathophysiology of epilepsy and related anxiety disorders. <em>Lantana camara</em> is a plant with a high neuropharmacological potential, but its mechanisms of action have yet to be understood. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of <em>Lantana camara</em> on the kainate model of epilepsy in mice. The focus was on these extracts' capacity to suppress ferroptosis. Mice were injected with kainate (12 mg/kg, i.p.) to induce epilepsy. After <em>status epilepticus</em>, animals were left for 19 days, which correspond to an epileptogenic period. After the appearance of spontaneous recurrent seizures, mice were treated with distilled water (10 ml/kg, <em>p.o</em>.), levetiracetam (80 mg/kg, <em>p.o.</em>), sodium valproate (300 mg/kg, <em>p.o.</em>), ethanolic extract of <em>L. camara</em> (230, 460, 920 mg/kg, <em>p.o.</em>), or an aqueous extract of <em>L. camara</em> (460 mg/kg <em>p.o.</em>). These treatments lasted for 14 days. During this period, the number and duration of seizures were recorded. The mice were then subjected to elevated zero-maze and open field tests to assess anxiety-like behavior. At the end, mice were sacrificed and hippocampus, amygdala, and striatum were dissected out for biochemical and histological analyses. The extracts alleviated seizure- and anxiety-like behavior in KA-treated mice. Decreased iron levels, reflected by a decrease in ferritin levels and a increase in transferrin levels, were observed in the hippocampus, striatum and amygdala of the extract-treated group compared to the KA-treated group. In addition, increase in GABA and GSH levels, and a decrease in MDA levels were observed in these groups. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed less pronounced neuronal degeneration and a more sustained architecture in the brain region of extract-treated mice. These findings indicated that ethanolic and aqueous extracts of <em>L. camara</em> effectively attenuate seizures and anxiety disorders. Probable mechanisms of action include GABAergic, iron, GSH, and MDA modulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 347-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142446892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proinflammatory factors inhibition and fish oil treatment: A promising therapy for neonatal seizures","authors":"Zohreh Ghotbeddin ,&nbsp;Nima Badripour ,&nbsp;Hossein Amini-Khoei ,&nbsp;Zahra Basir ,&nbsp;Shima Balali-dehkordi","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brain injury is one of the most important causes of infant mortality and chronic neurological disabilities. Hypoxia is an acute brain injury which led to various cognitive, behavioral, and memory disorders throughout life. Previous studies reported neuroprotective possibilities for fish oil (FO) in brain-injured situations. In this study, we evaluated the effect of the FO diet during the lactation period on seizure activity, behavioral performance, histomorphometry, and inflammatory changes in the brains of hypoxia rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided in to 4 groups: Sham (intact rats), hypoxia, FO and FO+hypoxia groups. Hypoxia was induced by keeping neonate rats at PND12 in a hypoxic chamber (7 % oxygen and 93 % nitrogen intensity) for 15 minutes. In the FO groups, rats received oral FO (1 ml/day) for 12 days during the lactation period. Seizure activity was assessed by measuring the number of tonic-clonic seizures and seizure thresholds. Novel object recognition tests (NORT), rotarod, and open field tests were used to measure behavioral performances. A Histological study was performed to evaluate histomorphometric changes in the hippocampus and cerebellum. The gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) was measured using RT-PCR<strong>.</strong> Findings showed that the number of tonic-clonic seizures, atrophy, and cell death in the hippocampus and cerebellum, the gene expression of TNF-α and IL-1β in the hippocampus, and behavioral disorders were significantly increased in the hypoxia rats compared to the sham group. Administration of FO in the hypoxia groups significantly decreased the gene expression of TNF-α and IL-1β, the number of tonic-clonic seizures, and neuronal cell death in the hippocampus and cerebellum compared to the hypoxia groups. Furthermore, it can improve behavioral tasks and cognitions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 337-346"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immune signature of gene expression pattern shared by autism spectrum disorder and Huntington's disease","authors":"Huanhuan Liu ,&nbsp;Qiuyu Bai ,&nbsp;Xueying Wang ,&nbsp;Yunlei Jin ,&nbsp;Xingda Ju ,&nbsp;Chang Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and Huntington's disease (HD) are complex neurological conditions with unclear causes and limited treatments, affecting individuals, families, and society. Despite ASD and HD representing two opposing stages of neuronal development and degeneration, they share similar clinical-pathological features in motor function. In this study, we leveraged transcriptomic data from the prefrontal cortex available in public databases to identify shared transcriptional characteristics of ASD and HD. Differential expression analysis revealed that the majority of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated in ASD carriers, whereas most DEGs were down-regulated in HD carriers. Among the DEGs shared between both diseases, three out of seven protein-coding genes were related to the immune system. Furthermore, we identified two enriched pathways shared between ASD and HD DEGs. The gene interaction network analysis unveiled four hub genes shared by both diseases, all of which are associated with immune functions. The findings suggest a shared gene expression pattern in the prefrontal cortex of people with ASD and HD, closely linked to the immune system. These findings will contribute to exploring the biological mechanisms underlying the shared phenotypes of these two diseases from an immunological perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 311-319"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142417295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recovery of independent ambulation after complete spinal cord transection in the presence of the neuroprotectant polyethylene glycol in monkeys","authors":"Weihua Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuai Ren ,&nbsp;Zehan Liu ,&nbsp;Mingzhe Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiangchen Guan ,&nbsp;Junfeng Xu ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Despite the conventional belief that motor function and sensation distal to the site of a complete spinal cord transection are irretrievable, our research has demonstrated significant motor recovery in mice, rats, and dogs by applying polyethylene glycol (PEG) topically via a syringe directly to the contact interface of transected spinal cord. However, before implementing this technology in human subjects, validating PEG's efficacy and enduring impact through experimentation on non-human primates is imperative.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two 4-year-old female Macaca fascicularis monkeys underwent complete dorsal cord transection at T10. Postoperative behavioral assessment, electrophysiologic monitoring, and neuroimaging examinations were recorded, and tissues were obtained for histological examination at the end of study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The monkey whose spinal cord had been fully transected in the presence of PEG developed useful recovery already at 3 months and near-complete recovery of motor function in the hind-limbs at 18 months. The control animal without PEG remained paralyzed. Cortical somatosensory evoked potentials recovered postoperatively only in PEG-treated monkey vs none in the control. Diffusion tensor imaging showed re-establishment of continuity of the white matter in PEG-treated monkey, but not in the control. Moreover, histology revealed intact neuronal bodies, axons, and myelin tissue at the spinal cord transection site in PEG-treated monkey only.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This report suggests that in primates, an acutely transected spinal cord can be re-fused in the presence of PEG with restoration of neural continuity and functional recovery of motor activity distal to the site of transection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 290-299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142326574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric disorders from EEG signals through deep learning models","authors":"Zaeem Ahmed ,&nbsp;Aamir Wali ,&nbsp;Saman Shahid ,&nbsp;Shahid Zikria ,&nbsp;Jawad Rasheed ,&nbsp;Tunc Asuroglu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psychiatric disorders present diagnostic challenges due to individuals concealing their genuine emotions, and traditional methods relying on neurophysiological signals have limitations. Our study proposes an improved EEG-based diagnostic model employing Deep Learning (DL) techniques to address this. By experimenting with DL models on EEG data, we aimed to enhance psychiatric disorder diagnosis, offering promising implications for medical advancements. We utilized a dataset of 945 individuals, including 850 patients and 95 healthy subjects, focusing on six main and nine specific disorders. Quantitative EEG data were analyzed during resting states, featuring power spectral density (PSD) and functional connectivity (FC) across various frequency bands. Employing artificial neural networks (ANN), K nearest neighbors (KNN), Long short-term memory (LSTM), bidirectional Long short-term memory (Bi LSTM), and a hybrid CNN-LSTM model, we performed binary classification. Remarkably, all proposed models outperformed previous approaches, with the ANN achieving 96.83 % accuracy for obsessive-compulsive disorder using entire band features. CNN-LSTM attained the same accuracy for adjustment disorder, while KNN and LSTM achieved 98.94 % accuracy for acute stress disorder using specific feature sets. Notably, KNN and Bi-LSTM models reached 97.88 % accuracy for predicting obsessive-compulsive disorder. These findings underscore the potential of EEG as a cost-effective and accessible diagnostic tool for psychiatric disorders, complementing traditional methods like MRI. Our study's advanced DL models show promise in enhancing psychiatric disorder detection and monitoring, with significant implications for clinical application, inspiring hope for improved patient care and outcomes. The potential of EEG as a diagnostic tool for psychiatric disorders is substantial, as it can lead to improved patient care and outcomes in the field of psychiatry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 300-310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}