IBRO Neuroscience Reports最新文献

{"title":"Distribution of mRNA for the exocytotic calcium sensor, synaptotagmin 9, in mouse brain","authors":"Kwadwo O. Boateng ,&nbsp;Lucian D. Hadford ,&nbsp;Kelly L. Stauch ,&nbsp;Anthony E. Kincaid ,&nbsp;Wallace B. Thoreson","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The principal Ca^2 + sensors that control fusion of synaptic vesicles are synaptotagmins 1, 2 and 9. Synaptotagmin 9 (Syt9) has received the least attention. We applied RNAscope techniques to coronal sections of adult mouse brain to study the distribution of Syt9 mRNA. Our results showed weak Syt9 mRNA expression in many brain regions but elevated levels in a handful. Regions of strong expression were largely in limbic and sensory areas and included both excitatory and inhibitory neurons. Strongest expression in the brain was in the medial habenula. The interpeduncular nucleus that provides input to medial habenula and amygdala that receives medial habenula output also showed elevated Syt9 mRNA. Sensory regions with strong Syt9 mRNA expression included mitral and periglomerular cells in the olfactory bulb, thalamus, and sensory layers of the superior colliculus. A few putative layer 5 pyramidal cells in somatosensory, auditory and visual cortex were also strongly labeled. Neurons in motor regions including cortex did not generally show elevated expression with the exception of strong labeling of granular and molecular (but not Purkinje) cells in the cerebellum. Hippocampal neurons also showed only weak labeling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 592-603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143824424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of the YiQiWenYangSanHan formula on Parkinson's disease mice","authors":"Jinling Liu ,&nbsp;Dong Di ,&nbsp;Suping Sun ,&nbsp;Yan Sun ,&nbsp;Shihan Zhou ,&nbsp;Jing Liu ,&nbsp;Zizhen Qin ,&nbsp;Xinyu Yang ,&nbsp;Xiao Wang ,&nbsp;Zheng Xu ,&nbsp;Boran Zhu ,&nbsp;Haoxin Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease, which is often treated with obvious side effects such as dopamine replacement therapy. Our team has validated the unique advantages of the traditional Chinese medicine formula, YiQiWenYangSanHan formula (YQWYSHF), through in vitro experiments, confirming its therapeutic potential for PD. Nevertheless, further research and validation are required to fully understand its protective effects and underlying mechanisms against PD.</div></div><div><h3>Aim of this review</h3><div>This study employed an in vivo model to investigate the effects of YQWYSHF on motor impairments, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction in C57BL/6 J mice caused by MPTP.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Sixty C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, all groups except the control group were intraperitoneally administered MPTP for 7 days (30 mg/kg). After 4 weeks of drug intragastric treatment, we assessed the dyskinesia of mice treated with different doses of YQWYSHF by behavioral examination. Additionally, immunofluorescence was used to examine the expression of ionized calcium binding adaptor protein 1 (IBA1) and glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive (GFAP) cells. Western blotting was used to assess the expression level of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), pyrin domain-containing 3 protein (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like proteins (ASC), cysteine-containing aspartate protease-1 (Caspase-1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), α-synuclein (α-syn), poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), and poly ADP ribose (PAR). Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy revealed mitochondrial impairment in the neuronal cells of the substantia nigra (SN).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>YQWYSHF treatment alleviated dyskinesia in a mouse model of PD. Moreover, it increased the TH expression, and could reverse the increase of IBA1, GFAP, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1,IL-1β, α-syn, PARP1 and PAR proteins induced by MPTP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>YQWYSHF protects dopaminergic neurons in PD by attenuating neuroinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction. This study provides new evidence for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 528-538"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parvalbumin-positive primary afferent projections to motoneurons increase after complete spinal transection in neonatal and juvenile rats","authors":"Masahito Takiguchi ,&nbsp;Ryutaro Matsuyama ,&nbsp;Satoru Shinoda ,&nbsp;Kengo Funakoshi","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hindlimb locomotor activity spontaneously recovers after complete spinal cord transection (CST) in neonatal rats, but not in juvenile rats. A previous study in neonatal rats that underwent CST at the thoracic level demonstrated that primary afferent projections increase in the ventral horn and intermediate zone at the lumbar level. It remains unclear whether primary afferent terminals of motoneurons increase and whether primary afferent projections to the spinal cord are altered after CST in juvenile rats. Here, we used biotinylated dextran amine as a tracer to demonstrate that primary afferent projections to the ventral horn and intermediate zone were significantly increased in rats that underwent CST in the juvenile period compared to intact rats of the same age. We then examined Ⅰa afferents using immunohistochemistry for parvalbumin. Our findings revealed an increase in parvalbumin-immunoreactive terminals on motoneurons in both neonatal and juvenile rats after CST compared to intact rats of the same age. These results suggest that proprioceptive afferent terminals on motoneurons are increased after CST in both neonatal and juvenile rats. In neonatal rats, this increase might contribute to the spontaneous recovery of hindlimb motor activity after CST, whereas in juvenile rats, the increase in proprioceptive afferent terminals on motoneurons does not contribute to recovery following CST.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 539-544"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of folic acid diet on the behavior of female mice and ultrasonic vocalization of their F1 offspring","authors":"Vineet Kumar Mourya,&nbsp;Sneha Tiwari,&nbsp;Nisha ,&nbsp;Vijay Paramanik","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Folic acid (FA) is an essential B vitamin that plays a pivotal in various physiological processes, including neural tube defects, brain functions, neurotransmitter synthesis, and cognition. Earlier studies have suggested FA's role during pregnancy and the development of newborns; however, the broader impact of FA diet on maternal and offspring health remains unclear. Herein, the effects of FA on the behavior of female mice and ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) of their F1 offspring were evaluated. Briefly, mice were placed into control, 2.3 mg FA, and 8 mg FA. Folic acid was supplemented in female mice at concentrations of 2.3 mg/kg and 8 mg/kg for 6 weeks. Afterward, female mice behavior was assessed <em>via</em> open field test, novel object recognition test, and gait analysis as well as acetylcholinesterase activity were performed. Further, USVs of their F1 offspring on postnatal days (PND) 7, 9, 11, and 13 were measured. Results showed that the FA supplementation in female mice reduced locomotor activity, impaired memory, increased anxiety-like behavior, and altered gait (walking pattern). Meanwhile, alterations were also observed in the level of acetylcholinesterase activity, while the change did not attain statistical significance. On the other hand, F1 offspring born from FA 8 mg supplemented mice showed substantial changes in USVs like extended call durations, increased frequencies, and higher amplitudes compared to FA 2.3 mg supplemented female mice offspring. Also, F1 offspring of FA 2.3 mg supplemented mice showed higher vocalizations pattern compared to control F1 offspring. Such study is useful to understand the impact of FA during pregnancy and its potential transgenerational effects, and helpful to understand maternal and offspring health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 520-527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetically encoded sensors illuminate in vivo detection for neurotransmission: Development, application, and optimization strategies","authors":"Xiaoyu Zhong ,&nbsp;Hengyu Gu ,&nbsp;Juyao Lim ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Guangfu Wang ,&nbsp;Kun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaowan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Limitations in existing tools have hindered neuroscientists from achieving a deeper understanding of complex behaviors and diseases. The recent development and optimization of genetically encoded sensors offer a powerful solution for investigating intricate dynamics such as calcium influx, membrane potential, and the release of neurotransmitters and neuromodulators. In contrast, traditional methods are constrained by insufficient spatial and/or temporal resolution, low sensitivity, and stringent application conditions. Genetically encoded sensors have gained widespread popularity due to their advantageous features, which stem from their genetic encoding and optical imaging capabilities. These include broad applicability, tissue specificity, and non-invasive operation. When combined with advanced microscopic techniques, optogenetics, and machine learning approaches, these sensors have become versatile tools for studying neuronal circuits in intact living systems, providing millisecond-scale temporal resolution and spatial resolution ranging from nanometers to micrometers. In this review, we highlight the advantages of genetically encoded sensors over traditional methods in the study of neurotransmission. We also discuss their recent advancements, diverse applications, and optimization strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 476-490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Height-dependent variation in corticospinal excitability modulation after active but not sham intermittent theta burst stimulation","authors":"Abdulhameed Tomeh ,&nbsp;Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof Khan ,&nbsp;Zalina Abu Zaid ,&nbsp;King-Hwa Ling ,&nbsp;Liyana Najwa Inche Mat ,&nbsp;Hamidon Basri ,&nbsp;Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poor reproducibility and high inter-individual variability in responses to intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS) of the human motor cortex (M1) are matters of concern. Here we recruited 17 healthy young adults in a randomized, sham-controlled, crossover study. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)-elicited motor evoked potentials (MEPs) were measured pre-iTBS (T0) and post-iTBS at 4–7 (T1), 9–12 (T2), 17–20 (T3), and 27–30 minutes (T4) from the right first dorsal interosseous muscle. MEP grand average (MEPGA) was defined as the mean of the normalized-to-baseline MEPs at all timepoints post-iTBS. As secondary objectives, we measured blood pressure, heart rate, and capillary blood glucose pre-iTBS, and at 0 and 30 minutes post-iTBS. The TMSens_Q structured questionnaire was filled out at the end of each session. Two-way repeated ANOVA did not show a significant TIME×INTERVENTION interaction effect on MEP amplitude, MEP latency, blood pressure, heart rate, and blood glucose (p &gt; 0.05). Sleepiness was the most reported TMSens_Q sensation (82.3 %) in both groups. Surprisingly, the subjects’ height negatively correlated with the normalized MEP amplitudes at T3 (r = -0.65, p = 0.005), T4 (r = -0.66, p = 0.004), and MEPGA (r = -0.68, p = 0.003), with a trend correlation at T1 (r = -0.46, p = 0.062) and T2 (r = -0.46, p = 0.065) in the active but not sham group. In view of this, we urge future studies to delve deeper into the influence of height on neuroplasticity induction of the M1 representation of peripheral muscles. In the end, we highlight unique methodological considerations in our study protocol and future recommendations for M1-iTBS studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 498-511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin-loaded nanophytosome ameliorates early life stress-induced hippocampal oxido-inflammatory damages","authors":"Ali Eslami ,&nbsp;Akbar Hajizadeh Moghaddam ,&nbsp;Sedigheh Khanjani Jelodar ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Ranjbar","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phytosome-based nanocarriers have emerged as innovative drug delivery systems in recent years, demonstrating significant potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of quercetin-loaded nanophytosome (QNP) in modulating the oxido-inflammatory response in a rat model of early life stress (ELS) induced by maternal isolation (MI). To establish the ELS model, male rat pups were isolated from their dam for 3 hours daily from postnatal days 1–9. Following the lactation period (postpartum days 1–21), treatments with quercetin (10 and 40 mg/kg) and QNP (10 and 40 mg/kg) were administered continuously for 21 days. Cognitive behaviors, oxidative stress markers, hippocampal dopamine levels, and mRNA expression of TNF-α and IL-6 were assessed after ELS induction. Treatment with QNP (40 mg/kg) significantly improved cognitive function (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), increased hippocampal dopamine levels (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and reduced oxidative stress (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) as well as the expression of TNF-α (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and IL-6 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). In conclusion, QNP demonstrates potent hippocampal anti-oxidoinflammatory effects, making it a promising therapeutic candidate for mitigating the adverse effects of maternal isolation-induced early life stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 491-497"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antidepressant-like effects of the aqueous lyophilizate of the stems and leaves of Momordica foetida (Cucurbitaceae) in rats","authors":"Bibiane Tatiana Diebo Kom ,&nbsp;Gwladys Temkou Ngoupaye ,&nbsp;Francis Bray Yassi ,&nbsp;Aurelien Fossueh Foutsop ,&nbsp;Blesdel Maxwell Adassi ,&nbsp;Brunel Steve Ngoufack ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Ngo Bum","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>M. foetida</em> (Cucurbitaceae) is a perennial climbing herb, known in traditional medicine for the treatment of certain diseases, such as malaria, headaches, skin-related problems and many others. The objective of this work was to evaluate the antidepressant effect of the aqueous lyophilisate of the mixture of leaves and stem of <em>M. foetida</em>. The antidepressant effect of the aqueous lyophilisate of <em>M. foetida</em> at different doses (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 75 mg/kg) was evaluated in Wistar rats of both sexes submitted to chronic restriction for 14 days, using the forced swimming test, open field test and sucrose preference test. One hour following the last behavioural test, animals were sacrificed and their hippocampi were collected for biochemical assessment of oxidative parameters, including malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced Glutathione (GSH), Catalase activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide (NO) as well as monoamines levels including serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine. The aqueous lyophilisate of <em>M. foetida</em> significantly decreased the immobility time and significantly increased sucrose consumption (P &lt; 0.001), with no alteration of locomotor activity. The aqueous lyophilisate of <em>M. foetida</em> significantly increased the concentrations of GSH, SOD, as well as catalase activity, while reducing the concentrations of MDA and NO at all doses (P &lt; 0.001). <em>M. foetida</em> at the doses 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg significantly increased the concentration of serotonin and dopamine. Only the dose 75 mg/kg significantly increased the concentration of noradrenaline (p &lt; 0.001). These results suggest that <em>M. foetida</em> exerts antidepressant-like effects through the modulation of oxidative stress and monoaminergic pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 464-475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroacupuncture mitigates cognitive impairments in chronic hypoxia-induced mice by modulating neuroinflammation","authors":"Fang Wan ,&nbsp;Kun Zhuang ,&nbsp;Ziyu Li ,&nbsp;Xiaoqing Wang ,&nbsp;Wenyan Li ,&nbsp;Yunlong Hou ,&nbsp;Wanhui You ,&nbsp;Yibing Jiang ,&nbsp;Mingye Wang ,&nbsp;Pengyu Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) on cognitive impairment induced by chronic hypoxia (CH) in mice. Chronic hypoxia was simulated by exposing mice to a 10 % oxygen environment for 8 hours daily over 3 months. The cognitive functions of the mice were assessed through behavioral tests, including the open field test (OFT), Y-maze, and Morris water maze (MWM). Results showed that CH induced significant anxiety-like behaviors and memory impairments in mice. EA treatment, targeting the Baihui (GV20), Shenting (GV24), and Zusanli (ST36) acupoints, significantly ameliorated these behavioral deficits. Histological analyses using HE staining, Nissl staining, and TUNEL assays demonstrated that EA reduced neuronal damage, apoptosis, and myelin loss in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. Additionally, EA treatment significantly lowered the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α in brain tissues, suggesting its anti-inflammatory effects. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses revealed that EA inhibited the overactivation of microglia and astrocytes in the CH model. Specifically, EA suppressed the expression of Iba1 and GFAP, markers of microglial and astrocytic activation, respectively. Furthermore, EA promoted the polarization of microglia towards the M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype by downregulating iNOS and upregulating Arg1. Similarly, EA reduced the expression of C3, a marker of A1 astrocytes, thereby preventing astrocytic polarization towards the pro-inflammatory state. Organotypic brain slice cultures subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) confirmed that electrical stimulation, akin to EA, inhibited the activation of microglia and astrocytes under hypoxic conditions. In conclusion, EA improves cognitive function in CH-induced mice by reducing neuroinflammation, inhibiting glial cell overactivation, and promoting anti-inflammatory phenotypes. These findings highlight EA's potential as a therapeutic intervention for cognitive impairments related to chronic hypoxia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 432-442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143610189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effects of Carissa edulis aqueous extract against L-glutamic acid-induced neurotoxicity in brain mice","authors":"Sabine Adeline Fanta Yadang ,&nbsp;Yvette Nguezeye ,&nbsp;Germain Sotoing Taiwe ,&nbsp;Gabriel Agbor Agbor ,&nbsp;Elisabeth Ngo Bum","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The over-stimulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate receptors causes an excitotoxic neuronal death which plays an important role in many neurodegenerative diseases. <em>Carissa edulis</em>, a medicinal plant used in African pharmacopeia has been shown to have many therapeutic effects. In this study, the therapeutic effects of <em>Carissa edulis</em> aqueous extract on L-glutamic acid-induced neurotoxicity in mice were investigated. Two-month-old mice received an intraperitoneal injection of L-glutamic acid (2 g/kg) for seven consecutive days and were treated with an aqueous extract of <em>Carissa edulis</em>. Mice were monitored for behavioural studies including locomotion, muscle strength, and memory. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring lipid peroxidation and the level of antioxidant enzymes. Elisa kits were used to evaluate the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines. Hippocampal histopathology was examined using cresyl violet staining. <em>Carissa edulis</em> administration exhibited a protective effect on L-glutamic acid-induced abnormal locomotor activity and increased the mice's muscle strength. Also, it increased the memory of treated mice. <em>Carissa edulis</em> aqueous extract administration decreased the malondialdehyde level and increased the catalase activity and glutathione level. Furthermore, it significantly decreased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α compared to the L-glutamic acid group. There were no significant pathological changes in the hippocampus of the <em>Carissa edulis</em>-treated group compared to the L-glutamic acid group. Our results indicated that <em>Carissa edulis</em> aqueous extract showed therapeutic effects by alleviating memory impairment, decreasing oxidative stress, and proinflammatory cytokines in the brains of mice treated with L-glutamic acid. Therefore, <em>Carissa edulis</em> treatment may help reduce glutamatergic neurotoxicity in neurodegenerative diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Pages 453-463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143619601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}