IBRO Neuroscience Reports最新文献

{"title":"A new two-hit animal model for schizophrenia research: Consequences on social behavior","authors":"Kristina Hakenova ,&nbsp;Anna Mikulecka ,&nbsp;Kristina Holubova ,&nbsp;Marketa Chvojkova ,&nbsp;Romana Slamberova ,&nbsp;Jana Jurcovicova ,&nbsp;Barbora Cechova ,&nbsp;Silvester Ponist ,&nbsp;Jiri Horacek ,&nbsp;Karel Vales","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.05.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Schizophrenia, a profoundly impactful neuropsychiatric disorder, has been the subject of extensive research using animal models. However, certain important aspects remain understudied, including assumed long-term consequences of psychotic episodes on negative symptoms development and progression. Addressing these limitations, we proposed a novel animal model in male rats based on early postnatal immune activation triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), serving as the predisposing factor (1st hit). As the 2nd hit, representing psychotic-like episodes, we implemented a multi-episodic co-treatment with dizocilpine (MK-801) and amphetamine (AMP), spanning multiple developmental periods. The animals were tested in two social behavioral assays in adolescence and adulthood to investigate whether a social deficit would arise. In addition, we evaluated the level of oxytocin (OT), a neuropeptide relevant to social behavior, in selected brain regions. In the social interaction test, when animals could freely interact in the open field and express their social behavioral profile entirely, social behavior decreased in adolescent experimental animals. In the social approach test in the Y maze, all animals, irrespective of treatment, preferred conspecific over an indifferent object and novel rat over a familiar rat. Further, the results revealed that the OT content in the hypothalamus increased with age. In the proposed model, social interaction in the open field was decreased in adolescent but not in adult rats, indicating that the pharmacological manipulations caused only transient age-dependent changes. The study was thus in certain aspects successful in creating a novel approach to model social deficit potentially relevant to schizophrenia; other findings require further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 38-49"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144203864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The microbial guardians: Unveiling the role of gut microbiota in shaping neurodegenerative disease","authors":"Nour Abou Izzeddine ,&nbsp;Kawsar Ahmad ,&nbsp;Christine Bacha ,&nbsp;Maria Jabbour ,&nbsp;Mouin Najjar ,&nbsp;Sethrida Salhab ,&nbsp;Hilda E. Ghadieh ,&nbsp;Amjad Kanaan ,&nbsp;Sami Azar ,&nbsp;Ziad Abi Khattar ,&nbsp;Frederic Harb","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.05.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.05.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gut microbiota, a complex community of microorganisms residing in the digestive tract, plays a pivotal role in human health. Recent studies have highlighted its significant impact on neurodegenerative diseases, conditions that pose profound challenges to affected individuals and society at large. This review explores the intricate relationship between gut microbiota and the progression of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington’s disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. We delve into the dynamic ecosystem of gut microbiota, examining factors influencing its composition and the bidirectional communication established via the gut-brain axis. Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota can modulate neurodegenerative disease progression through mechanisms including inflammatory responses, production of neuroactive substances, and regulation of neurotransmitters. Furthermore, we discuss the potential therapeutic implications of targeting gut microbiota with probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics. While promising, these interventions face challenges and limitations that must be addressed through ongoing research. Understanding the role of gut microbiota in neurodegenerative diseases is crucial for developing innovative therapeutic strategies and improving patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 17-37"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144203863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain pericytes upregulate glutamate uptake by astrocytes in vitro through sodium-dependent transporter","authors":"Kenta Sakai ,&nbsp;Fuyuko Takata ,&nbsp;Takuro Iwao ,&nbsp;Miho Yasunaga ,&nbsp;Gaku Yamanaka ,&nbsp;Yasufumi Kataoka ,&nbsp;Shinya Dohgu","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.05.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.05.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Astrocytes maintain glutamate homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS) via glutamate uptake through Na⁺-dependent excitatory amino acid transporters (EAAT1 and EAAT2), and this process is regulated by several CNS cell types. However, it is unclear whether brain pericytes regulate glutamate uptake by astrocytes. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of pericytes on the uptake of extracellular glutamate by astrocytes using an <em>in vitro</em> co-culture model of human brain-derived pericytes and astrocytes (pericyte co-cultures). The [³H]-L-glutamate ([³H]-L-Glu) uptake rate of astrocytes in pericyte co-cultures was significantly higher than that in astrocyte monocultures. Under Na⁺-free conditions, [³H]-L-Glu uptake by astrocytes was significantly inhibited in astrocyte monocultures and pericyte co-cultures. The inhibitory effect of Na⁺ depletion on glutamate uptake by astrocytes was more pronounced in pericyte co-cultures than in astrocyte monocultures. These findings suggest that glutamate uptake by astrocytes through the Na⁺-dependent transporter EAATs is upregulated by pericytes. Treatment with dihydrokainic acid, a selective inhibitor of EAAT2, significantly inhibited [³H]-L-Glu uptake by astrocytes in pericyte co-cultures but not in astrocyte monocultures. Treatment with UCPH-101, a selective inhibitor of EAAT1, significantly inhibited [³H]-L-Glu uptake by astrocytes in both monocultures and pericyte co-cultures. The UCPH-101-induced reduction in [³H]-L-Glu uptake by astrocytes in pericyte co-cultures was similar to that observed in astrocyte monocultures. These results suggest that pericytes upregulate glutamate uptake via EAAT2 in astrocytes. Furthermore, [³H]-L-Glu uptake in astrocytes significantly increased when astrocytes were treated with pericyte-conditioned medium. This finding suggests that pericyte-derived soluble factors contribute to the upregulation of astrocytic glutamate uptake. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report that pericyte-released mediators upregulate the EAAT2-dependent uptake of extracellular glutamate in astrocytes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 54-61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic value of inflammatory indexes combined with myocardial enzymes for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage in patients with intracranial aneurysms","authors":"Haihong Zhang ,&nbsp;Siyuan Dong ,&nbsp;Qian Liu PhD ,&nbsp;Hongguang Wang Associated Professor, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.08.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic ability of inflammatory indexes alone and in combination with myocardial enzymes in the prediction of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This is a 1:1 age- and sex-matched case-control study in Tianjin, China. 226 patients aged &gt; 18 years divided into aSAH group and unruptured intracranial aneurysm (UIA) group. Logistic regression models assessed associations between inflammatory indexes/myocardial enzymes and aSAH. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves evaluated their sensitivity/specificity for aSAH.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Higher neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (OR: 1.130, 95 % CI: 1.074, 1.188), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) (OR: 11.144, 95 % CI: 3.071, 40.437), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) (OR: 1.006, 95 % CI: 1.003, 1.008), systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) (OR: 1.000, 95 % CI: 1.000, 1.001) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) (OR: 1.228, 95 % CI: 1.112, 1.357), myocardial enzymes lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (OR: 1.008, 95 % CI: 1.003, 1.014), creatine kinase (CK) (OR: 1.002, 95 % CI: 1.000, 1.004), and α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (HBDH) (OR: 1.010, 95 % CI: 1.002, 1.018) were all significantly associated with the presence of aSAH. The diagnostic value of inflammatory indexes (NLR-PLR-MLR-SII-SIRI) and myocardial enzymes (LDH-HBDH-CK-CKMB) gave an AUC of 0.771 and 0.662 (all <em>P</em>-value &lt; 0.001), respectively. Combined use of these indexes achieved an AUC of 0.755 (<em>P</em>-value&lt; 0.001), suggesting potential value as a diagnostic adjunct for aSAH.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The results suggest that higher inflammatory indexes and myocardial enzymes were associated with the presence of aSAH. The combination of inflammatory indexes and myocardial enzymes may serve as a diagnostic complement for identifying aSAH in patients with IA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 587-596"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microglia: Mediators of experience-driven corrective neuroplasticity","authors":"Lara Rogerson-Wood,&nbsp;Atomu Sawatari,&nbsp;Catherine A. Leamey","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.05.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.05.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neural connectivity is essential for brain function: this is initially established via early axon guidance mechanisms and subsequently refined by synaptic pruning. Alterations in the patterns of neural connectivity, arising due to changes in either of these processes, are found in neurodevelopmental conditions. Microglia, the brain’s resident immune cell, are recognised mediators of synaptic pruning. Unlike axon guidance, synaptic pruning occurs over protracted periods of postnatal life and can be profoundly impacted by experience. Little is known about whether targeted microglial synaptic pruning could be recruited to compensate for alterations in neural connectivity arising due to deleterious changes in other neurodevelopmental processes, such as axon guidance. Here we review our recent work which has addressed this by examining the effect of Environmental Enrichment (EE) on the miswired visual circuitry of mice lacking the axon guidance molecule Ten-m3. Notably, exposure to EE commenced around birth (but not from weaning or later) triggered selective removal of miswired retinal inputs in the visual thalamus of these Ten-m3 knockout mice. Most importantly, our work identifies selective microglial engulfment of neural connections during a defined postnatal window, as a likely mediator of this effect of early EE. The findings reviewed here emphasise the importance of early life experience in shaping neural circuitry, particularly when early development has been compromised by genetic factors. They also provide a potential mechanistic underpinning for the results of recent clinical trials investigating the effectiveness of early, experience-based interventions for human neurodevelopmental conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 91-100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retro nasal blockade reduces the neural processing of sucrose in the human brain","authors":"Hee-kyoung Ko ,&nbsp;Jingang Shi ,&nbsp;Thomas Eidenberger ,&nbsp;Weiyao Shi ,&nbsp;Ciara McCabe","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.10.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.10.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is assumed “Non-volatile” tastes like sucrose do not activate retro nasal pathways. Recent studies find that sucrose when aerosolized, can reach the retro nasal olfactory region and be perceived. The neural mechanisms by which the human brain interprets sucrose via retro nasal pathways is unknown.</div><div>We examined neural activity to sucrose with a nose clip on (blocking retro nasal) and nose clip off, in healthy adults (N = 34, mean 25 yrs.). We examined the whole brain and ROIs involved in taste, smell, attention, reward and multi-modal integration; insula, postcentral gyrus, amygdala, olfactory cortex, subgenual and pregenual anterior cingulate, nucleus accumbens and OFC. We also examined correlations with subjective ratings of pleasantness and mouth fullness.</div><div>The nose clip on vs off reduced the subjective experience of mouth fullness. Neural activity to sucrose was reduced with the nose clip on in the primary taste, olfactory, attention and reward ROIs and in the rolandic operculum, lingual gyrus and precuneus in the whole brain analyses. The olfactory and prefrontal cortex ROIs tracked subjective mouth fullness, but this was not apparent with the nose clip on.</div><div>Blocking retro nasal sensation reduces subjective and neural responses to sucrose taste. Retro nasal sensations could play a role in “pure” taste perception. Developing more satisfying low-sugar foods could be achieved by enhancing the perception of sweetness through aroma modulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 886-893"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of an antibody panel for alpha-synuclein detection in FFPE rectal biopsies in Parkinson’s disease","authors":"Katja Schröder MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Carmen Kintrup ,&nbsp;Kristína Kulcsárová MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Sebastian Heinzel PhD ,&nbsp;Annika Kluge MD ,&nbsp;Thilo Wedel MD ,&nbsp;Martina Böttner PhD ,&nbsp;Ralph Lucius MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Manuela Pendziwiat ,&nbsp;Stephan Schoch MD ,&nbsp;Mark Ellrichmann MD ,&nbsp;Daniela Berg MD ,&nbsp;Eva Schaeffer MD ,&nbsp;François Cossais PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.10.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.10.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Conflicting results have been published regarding the accumulation of alpha-synuclein (aSyn) pathology, in intestinal tissues of patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study investigates the use of a panel of aSyn antibodies for detecting pathological aSyn in rectal biopsy samples from PD patients and healthy individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A panel of antibodies targeting native, phosphorylated and conformation-specific forms of aSyn was used to characterize aSyn distribution in the substantia nigra and colonic tissues of controls and individuals with Lewy pathology. Distribution of aSyn was further analyzed in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) submucosal rectal biopsies of 24 PD patients and 20 healthy controls.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All tested antibodies valuably detected aSyn pathology in the PD substantia nigra. Native aSyn was observed at high levels in colonic tissue. The immunoreactive patterns of native aSyn, conformation-specific or phosphorylated aSyn in rectal biopsies did not show notable differences between PD patients and healthy subjects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The utility of immunohistochemical detection with currently commercially available antibodies for native and pathological forms of aSyn in rectal tissues appears limited. The findings advocate for the development of alternative methods to detect pathological aSyn conformers in rectal FFPE biopsies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 844-853"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endoplasmic reticulum stress within the primary motor cortex in hypobaric hypoxia-induced acute urinary retention","authors":"Quanchao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yingying Ma ,&nbsp;Caibao Lu ,&nbsp;Ling Nie ,&nbsp;Hongwei Chen ,&nbsp;Jiujian Cao ,&nbsp;Jinghong Zhao ,&nbsp;Yinghui Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Acute urinary retention (AUR) is a prevalent clinical challenge following rapid exposure to hypobaric hypoxia (HH). Neurons are highly sensitive to HH, and the destruction or damage of primary motor cortex (M1) neurons will lead to micturition dysfunction and subsequent urinary retention. The aim of this study is to elucidate the potential mechanism of HH induced AUR in M1.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Mice were subjected to a simulated HH environment to establish AUR model. ELISA is used to detect inflammatory markers, Nissl and TUNEL staining is used to detect neuronal damage and apoptosis, and western blot is used to detect the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and apoptosis related proteins.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to the normoxic group, mice in the HH group exhibited AUR, characterized by diminished urine output and frequency and increased single voiding volume. Simultaneously, the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α) also significantly increased. Nissl staining and TUNEL staining showed more severe neuronal damage and apoptosis caused by HH. Western blot results confirmed that the increased expression of pro-apoptotic markers caspase-3 and Bax, while decreased expression of anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2, indicating an increase in neuronal apoptosis. However, administration of endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor 4-PBA significantly improved AUR, reduced neuroinflammation, neuronal damage and apoptosis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings confirm that ERS plays a key role in HH induced AUR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 955-961"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Citalopram-induced decrease of CLOCK-ir and BMAL1-ir kisspeptin neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus of adult male mice","authors":"Manish Putteeraj ,&nbsp;Tomoko Soga ,&nbsp;Ishwar S. Parhar","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A complex network exists between the reproductive, circadian and the serotonergic system. Modulation of brain serotonin levels triggers sexual irregularities and alters circadian behaviour. This study investigated the presence of an endogeneous clock within kisspeptin neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) and arcuate nucleus (ARC); and their modulation by a serotonin reuptake inhibitor, citalopram (CIT), in adult male mice. Treatment consisted of daily (chronic) intra-peritoneal administration of CIT (10 mg/kg) or saline for 4 weeks in adult male mice. Gene expression study using RT-PCR was conducted at two timepoints during the dark phase (ZT14) and the light phase (ZT4). Higher expression of <em>Kiss1</em>, <em>Per1</em> and <em>Per2</em> mRNA was observed at ZT14, anti-phase to <em>Bmal1</em> mRNA showing higher expression at ZT4 in the AVPV. Morphological analysis confined to ZT14 showed the presence of CLOCK and BMAL1 proteins in kisspeptin neurons. Chronic CIT-treatment did not induce any change in <em>Kiss1</em> mRNA expression in the AVPV. However, a significant reduction in CLOCK-ir and BMAL1-ir kisspeptin neurons was observed in CIT-treated male mice at ZT14 in the AVPV using double immunohistochemistry. In brief, a time-dependent expression of <em>Per1</em>, <em>Per2</em> and <em>Bmal1</em> exists in the AVPV and chronic CIT orchestrates a decrease in CLOCK-ir and BMAL1-ir kisspeptin neurons. These data suggests rhythmic imbalances in kisspeptin neurons as a potential mediator of reproductive irregularities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 1024-1033"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145620028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms and research progress of insect-derived medicines in intervention for ischemic stroke","authors":"Chenxi Xu ,&nbsp;Yunxiang Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ibneur.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stroke is a severe neurological disorder caused by the rupture or blockage of blood vessels, leading to significant mortality and disability. Approximately 87 % of cases can be attributed to ischemic stroke. In China, ischemic stroke is the leading cause of death among adults. Current treatments for cerebral infarction mainly include thrombolysis, antiplatelet therapy, anticoagulation, and vasodilation. However, their efficacy in preventing or mitigating primary brain injury remains inadequate. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has garnered increasing attention due to its proven efficacy and low toxicity. Numerous studies report that TCM formulas, extracts, and compound preparations exhibit pro-angiogenic activity. Insect-derived medicines, known for their actions in detoxification, eliminating pathogens, breaking blood stasis, resolving blood stasis, dispelling wind, and unblocking collaterals, show favorable efficacy in treating ischemic stroke. This paper summarizes several insect-derived medicines and their active components, elucidates their mechanisms of action in antithrombosis, neuroprotection, anti-inflammation, and antioxidation, and discusses current clinical applications and future research directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13195,"journal":{"name":"IBRO Neuroscience Reports","volume":"19 ","pages":"Pages 903-911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145463105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}