Head & Face Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Interictal thermal pain hypersensitivity and central sensitization in migraine patients: a case-control study using quantitative sensory testing.","authors":"Keisuke Suzuki, Shiho Suzuki, Yasuo Haruyama, Mukuto Shioda, Saro Kobayashi, Ryotaro Hida, Koichi Hirata","doi":"10.1186/s13005-026-00614-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-026-00614-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Altered pain processing and central sensitization are key mechanisms underlying migraine. Although quantitative sensory testing (QST) objectively assesses sensory thresholds, its clinical implications in migraine patients are unclear. We hypothesized that migraine patients have lower thermal pain thresholds than controls, reflecting sensory hypersensitivity associated with central sensitization–related features. METHODS: We conducted a single-center case–control study including 130 patients with migraine and 130 sex-matched healthy controls. Thermal QST was performed during headache-free interictal periods using Intercross-220, assessing the heat detection threshold (HDT), cold detection threshold (CDT), thermal sensory limen (TSL), heat pain threshold (HPT), and cold pain threshold (CPT). Symptoms associated with central sensitization were assessed using the Japanese version of the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI), a self-report questionnaire. RESULTS: Compared with healthy controls, migraine patients had a significantly lower HPT and higher CPT, indicating hypersensitivity to thermal pain, as well as altered HDTs and CDTs, while the TSL did not differ between groups. The CSI score was significantly correlated with migraine-related disability, interictal burden, ictal allodynia, sleep disturbance, and depressive symptoms. CSI scores were also significantly associated with QST pain-related parameters, whereas other clinical measures were not significantly correlated with sensory thresholds. QST-defined interictal allodynia was more prevalent in migraine patients than in controls (19.2% vs. 8.5%). A CSI score ≥ 40, indicating a high burden of central sensitivity–related symptoms, was observed in 30.8% of migraine patients and 0.8% of healthy controls. In migraine patients, a CSI score ≥ 40 identified QST-defined allodynia with 100% sensitivity and 85.7% specificity. CONCLUSIONS : Patients with migraine exhibit interictal hypersensitivity to thermal pain. The CSI may serve as a useful patient-reported tool for identifying symptom burden associated with central sensitization-related sensory hypersensitivity in migraine patients. </p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13123026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147485360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CBCT-based virtual surgical planning for predicting risk factors and preventive strategies of buccal plate perforation in maxillary premolar implant placement.","authors":"Weihua Zhu, Shengjun Yang, Peng Lin, Zaiou Zhu, Xiaomeng Song","doi":"10.1186/s13005-026-00611-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-026-00611-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Buccal plate perforation (BPP) is a common intraoperative complication during implant placement in the maxillary premolar region, compromising implant stability and long-term success. This study aimed to identify CBCT-based risk factors for BPP and develop a predictive model to optimize implant planning. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from 252 patients with missing maxillary premolars was performed. Virtual implant simulation evaluated the effects of alveolar bone type, alveolar bone inclination angle (ABIA), tooth position, and implant-to-bone angulation (IBA) on BPP incidence. Significant variables identified by Chi-squared and t-tests were further analyzed using multivariate logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to determine predictive thresholds. RESULTS: Sex, tooth position, alveolar bone type, ABIA, and IBA were significantly associated with BPP (P < 0.05). Female patients, first premolar sites, and buccally projected-concave bone types showed higher risk. BPP risk increased when ABIA ≥ 24.94° or IBA ≥ 20.71°, whereas a 1 mm palatal shift from the alveolar ridge center reduced its incidence from 34.69% to 7.1% with minimal palatal perforation (2.6%). CONCLUSIONS: CBCT-based virtual planning enables individualized risk assessment and optimization of implant trajectory. This study identifies key quantitative thresholds for ABIA and IBA, which, when combined with minor adjustments in implant positioning, provide a robust strategy for improving surgical outcomes. Although these findings are derived from virtual simulations, clinical validation is required to confirm their applicability in real-world clinical settings. </p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13113480/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147473498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic and prognostic value of (cone-beam) computed tomography in dental sleep medicine for obstructive sleep apnea: a systematic review.","authors":"Janine Sambale, Janine Hass, Ulrich Koehler, Susanne Waldmann, Heike Maria Korbmacher-Steiner","doi":"10.1186/s13005-026-00609-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-026-00609-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>STUDY OBJECTIVES: Determine whether cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) or computed tomography (CT) measurements of the upper airway, craniofacial structures and soft tissues provide diagnostic or prognostic value for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in dental sleep medicine. METHODS: Following PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials.gov. Eligible studies until September 2025 included polysomnography or polygraphy confirmed OSA, CBCT- or CT-based measurements, and either PSG/PG-confirmed non-OSA controls, defined OSA severity strata or treatment responder classifications. Data were extracted for diagnostic and therapeutic studies and risk of bias was assessed with the QUIPS tool. RESULTS: Of 392 records, 11 met inclusion criteria (7 diagnostic, 4 therapeutic). Most were subject to high risk of bias and showed heterogeneity in imaging protocols, measurements and outcome definitions, with little adjustment for age, gender or body mass index. Individuals with OSA often had smaller retropalatal minimum cross-sectional area (CSAmin) whereas findings for retroglossal dimensions, total airway volume, skeletal morphology and soft-tissue measures were inconsistent and lacked clear correlation with disease severity. In therapeutic studies, upper-airway volume generally increased, but baseline CBCT- and CT-derived variables and treatment-related airway enlargement did not reliably distinguish responders from non-responders. CONCLUSIONS: Available evidence does not support CBCT- and CT-derived airway, skeletal or soft-tissue parameter as useful tools for diagnosing and grading of OSA or predicting treatment response. Given the high radiation exposure associated with both modalities, routine CBCT or CT solely for OSA screening or outcome prediction in dental sleep medicine is not justified and should be limited to established guidelines or surgical planning. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO ID CRD42024556837. </p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13063646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147443533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cephalometric landmarks using artificial intelligence compared to the manual method.","authors":"Alfonso Alvarado-Lorenzo, Laura Criado-Pérez, Daniele Garcovich, Sabina Romero, Giuseppe Scuzzo, Giacomo Scuzzo, Adrià Jorba-García, Adrián Curto","doi":"10.1186/s13005-026-00608-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-026-00608-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: There is growing interest in cephalometric methods based on artificial intelligence (AI), as they can significantly reduce clinicians’ workload and increase productivity. However, the literature indicates that further research is required to bridge the gap between operator-performed and AI-performed cephalometry. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate the reproducibility and accuracy of three cephalometric methods: Manual, WebCeph™ and AngelAligner™. METHODS: Thirty cephalograms from 30 patients (50% male, 50% female) were analyzed. Thirty-five landmarks were recorded using three different methodologies (Manual, WebCeph™, and AngelAligner™) at two time points (T1 and T2). RESULTS: The method with the highest number of cephalometric landmarks showing an excellent successful detection rate (SDR) was the manual method, in which 18 of the 35 points demonstrated an SDR < 1 mm in 80% of the analyzed cephalograms, thus being the most accurate. However, greater T1–T2 variations were observed with the manual method. The AI methods showed high and statistically significant correlations for all landmarks (p < 0.01), except for Pg’. The manual method showed low and non-significant correlations for all points except Na’ (p < 0.05) and UL (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Fully automated, AI-based cephalometric methods are more reproducible than manual methods. In terms of accuracy, certain AI-based point detections may be comparable to those of an expert, although supervision remains necessary to ensure precise and reliable results. </p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13088742/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147432440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic estimation of single-tooth width from standardized two-dimensional occlusal photographs using deep learning.","authors":"Litong Li, Yulin Shi, Duo Wang, Weixu Li, Tingting Liu, Yuanqing Ma, Meng Cao","doi":"10.1186/s13005-026-00605-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-026-00605-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>OBJECTIVE: To develop a deep learning-based fully automated model for estimating the mesiodistal width of teeth in standardized occlusal photographs, enabling accurate and efficient assessment of individual tooth dimensions. METHODS: The dataset comprised 14,403 teeth, including 12,079 teeth from an internal dataset and 2,328 teeth from an independent external test set. Clinically obtained mesiodistal crown widths derived from three-dimensional (3D) intraoral scans served as reference values. Corresponding mesial and distal keypoints were annotated on two-dimensional (2D) intraoral photographs. A two-stage deep learning framework was developed, consisting of tooth keypoint detection followed by a depth-informed regression model to estimate mesiodistal crown widths. Model performance was evaluated using key metrics, including mean absolute error (MAE), root mean squared error (RMSE), and the coefficient of determination (R²). RESULTS: The deep learning model demonstrated high accuracy across 12,079 teeth: MAE = 0.34 mm (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.33–0.34); RMSE = 0.44 mm; R² = 0.94. External validation on 2,328 independent teeth demonstrated consistent performance (MAE = 0.33 mm, RMSE = 0.42 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Our deep learning approach reliably estimates mesiodistal crown widths from standardized occlusal photographs, demonstrating strong agreement with 3D intraoral scan reference measurements and good clinical reproducibility across independent datasets within the same standardized workflow. Future studies will further investigate its robustness across heterogeneous imaging devices and acquisition conditions. </p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13081552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147377191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"m⁶A-Modified hsa_circ_0002694 facilitates OSCC progression via the METTL14/YTHDC1/miR-616-3p/c-Myc axis.","authors":"Lina Liu, Bo Xu, Xin Leng, Yixuan Li, Jun Zhao, Jie Wu, Jiayin Deng, Wensheng Ma","doi":"10.1186/s13005-026-00598-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-026-00598-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) modification has emerged as a key regulator of RNA fate, including circular RNAs (circRNAs), yet the functional contribution of m⁶A-modified circRNAs to OSCC remains incompletely defined. Here, we characterized hsa_circ_0002694, a previously unannotated circRNA, and investigated its m⁶A-associated regulatory mechanism in OSCC. We found that hsa_circ_0002694 was markedly upregulated in OSCC tissues and cell lines. Loss-of-function assays showed that hsa_circ_0002694 silencing inhibited OSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and suppressed xenograft tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, METTL14-dependent m⁶A modification supported hsa_circ_0002694 abundance and enabled recognition/association by the nuclear m⁶A reader YTHDC1, contributing to its stability and nuclear retention/distribution. In the cytoplasm, hsa_circ_0002694 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA by sequestering miR-616-3p, thereby de-repressing METTL14 and reinforcing a putative positive feedback loop. In parallel, METTL14 increased m⁶A enrichment on MYC transcripts and, together with the m⁶A reader YTHDF1, promoted c-Myc protein expression, linking the circRNA circuit to an established oncogenic driver in OSCC. RNA immunoprecipitation, MeRIP-PCR, and RNA pull-down assays supported the m⁶A-associated regulatory relationships among hsa_circ_0002694, METTL14, YTHDC1, and miR-616-3p. Collectively, our findings define an m⁶A-regulated hsa_circ_0002694-centered network that connects METTL14/YTHDC1 control of circRNA fate with miR-616-3p-mediated de-repression and METTL14/YTHDF1-dependent c-Myc upregulation, providing mechanistic insight into epitranscriptomic circRNA regulation in OSCC and suggesting hsa_circ_0002694 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13081298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147377215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional conditions in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients -prospective longitudinal observational study.","authors":"Caroline Wurche, Julia Wirth, Johannes Kleinheinz, Lauren Bohner, Sonja Sielker","doi":"10.1186/s13005-026-00604-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-026-00604-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: Cancer-related malnutrition is an often-disregarded problem with a lack of knowledge and standards concerning diagnosis and therapy. Patients with oral squamous cell cancer can suffer not only from metabolic factors but also from aggravated oral food intake. This study examines the issue of malnutrition in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) before diagnosis and under treatment. METHODS: The nutritional status of 30 patients with OSCC was registered before and after surgical treatment, with a time interval of 16 weeks. The methods applied were body mass index (BMI), subjective global assessment (SGA) and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The reference group consisted of 30 patients planned for orthognathic surgery. Equal for both groups were postoperative nasogastric tube feeding. The data for the OSCC patients were analysed and tested for significance at the level of p = 0.05. RESULTS: Preoperative malnutrition, as expected, was only detected in the OSCC group. Only 6% of OSCC patients start with a good nutritional status, but this increases to nearly 50% during therapy, although two patients ended up with severe malnutrition. Nonetheless, 40% of the reference group were malnourished after the first week, according to the SGA. The nutritional status improved during therapy to a good status in nearly all cases. CONCLUSION: Malnutrition is a relevant problem in patients with OSCC due to the high prevalence in this population, which was confirmed by these data. Appropriate diagnostic tools and an adapted treatment concept in terms of application form and ingredients, as well as supplements, should be an integral part of the treatment concept for these patients. Additionally, the data from these studies recommend that patients who are preoperatively healthy and have temporary postoperative restrictions on oral food intake be provided with an adequate nutrient supply. An important component of nutritional interventions should be the long-term prevention of skeletal muscle loss. </p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13063432/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147369527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of plaque-disclosing agents on biofilm removal: single-center randomized trial in fourth-year dental students.","authors":"Beyza Ballı Akgöl, Merve Bayram, Nilüfer Üstün, Nurcan Aksaka","doi":"10.1186/s13005-026-00596-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-026-00596-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUND: To assess whether plaque-disclosing agents (PDA) improve self-performed mechanical plaque removal and gingival health compared with standard instruction alone in dental students. DESIGN/SETTING: Single-center, parallel-group randomized controlled trial (1:1), Istanbul Medipol University (Oct 2023–Jan 2024). PARTICIPANTS: 124 fourth-year dental students (age 20–30 years) randomized to test (n = 62) or control (n = 62). INTERVENTIONS: Both groups received standardized oral-hygiene instruction (Modified Bass; interdental cleaning guidance). The test group additionally received PDA before brushing as a visual aid; all outcomes were measured after triple rinsing. PRIMARY OUTCOME (PRESPECIFIED): Between-group difference in change (Δ) in Plaque Index (PI) from baseline to week 1. SECONDARY OUTCOMES: ΔPI baseline→post-brushing and baseline→month 1; ΔGingival Index (GI) baseline→week 1 and baseline→month 1. MASKING: Outcome assessor blinded at the time of measurement (after rinsing). RESULTS: All 124 randomized participants completed follow-up and were analyzed. Both groups showed short-term improvement (immediate reduction in PI post-brushing; GI improvement at week 1). The primary outcome showed no significant between-group difference in ΔPI from baseline to week 1. Secondary analyses similarly found no significant between-group differences in ΔPI or ΔGI at month 1. CONCLUSIONS: In a population with high baseline oral-hygiene proficiency, adding PDA did not confer a measurable advantage over standardized instruction alone on PI or GI change. PDA may be more informative in lay populations with lower oral-health literacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT06080672, registered on October 12, 2023. </p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13040996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147369538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasolabial morphological changes following anterior vs. subapical maxillary segmental osteotomy: a comparative study.","authors":"Yaoran Liu, Guangwei Chen, Zhengguo Piao, Junwei Zhang, Luo Huang","doi":"10.1186/s13005-026-00600-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-026-00600-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the effects of subapical anterior maxillary segmental osteotomy (SAMSO) and anterior maxillary segmental osteotomy (AMSO) on nasolabial morphology using three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric method.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of forty-five cases of maxillary protrusion who underwent AMSO or SAMSO from January 2019 to December 2023 were retrospectively included. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was taken before and ≥ 1 year after surgery. Eleven distances (nasal height, upper lip protrusion, length of philtrum, etc.) and four angles (nasolabial angle, nasal tip angle, inclination of nasal tip, etc.) were measured on the lateral view, and four distances (width of alae nasi, width of alae nasi, nostril width, etc.) and one angle (alar nasi break angle) were measured on the frontal view. Changes in the anterior maxillary hard-tissue and nasolabial soft-tissue before and after surgery were analyzed. Correlations between hard-tissue movements and nasolabial soft-tissue changes were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both AMSO and SAMSO achieved significant horizontal posterior displacement of point A and U1, with definite efficacy in correcting maxillary prognathism. Compared with SAMSO, AMSO presented a more obvious vertical impaction of U1, with a vertical decrease of 1.9 ± 1.13 mm (P = 0.002). Both groups exhibited significant retraction of upper lip protrusion, and the retraction amplitude was larger in the AMSO group (5.10 mm vs. 0.05 mm, P = 0.002). The AMSO group showed significant widening of the alar base width and width of the alae nasi, with increases of 2.57 ± 1.95 mm (P < 0.001) and 1.29 ± 1.64 mm (P = 0.01), respectively. In contrast, the SAMSO group showed a significant increase in nasal height and nasal tip angle, with increases of 5.65 ± 6.28 mm (P = 0.04) and 12.63 ± 6.89°(P = 0.001), respectively. Although posterior changes and lingual inclination of the maxillary anterior teeth strongly correlated with posterior changes of the upper lip in both groups, there was a significant correlation between changes of vertical position of the anterior maxilla and changes of width of alar base in the AMSO group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AMSO and SAMSO can assist patients with maxillary prognathism in reducing upper lip protrusion and enhancing their profiles. AMSO has a more pronounced effect on the sagittal and frontal views of nasal soft tissues, while SAMSO predominantly affects the sagittal view of nasal soft tissue, with less impact on the frontal view.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial number: </strong>Not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13059394/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147344026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tooth-level risk modeling and prediction of fixed orthodontic bracket bonding failure: a real-world retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Yonghua Deng, Ni Quan, Shumei Song, Xifei Liu, Zhiyong Hu","doi":"10.1186/s13005-026-00599-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-026-00599-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>OBJECTIVE: Based on real-world retrospective cohort data, this study aims to identify risk factors for fixed orthodontic bracket bonding failure, develop a risk prediction model, and create a visualized online predictive tool for individualized clinical risk management. METHODS: A total of 5,808 tooth positions from 286 patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment during January 2021-January 2024 were analyzed. Using tooth position as the analysis unit and patient as the clustering unit, a multivariable Logistic regression model was constructed via generalized estimating equations (GEE) to identify independent risk factors for bracket bonding failure. A standard Logistic regression model was established for prediction. Model performance was evaluated using ROC curve, Hosmer-Lemeshow calibration test, and Bootstrap resampling. A web-based dynamic prediction tool was developed based on the prediction equation. RESULTS: Bonding failure occurred at 548 tooth positions (9.44%), involving 239 patients. The GEE model identified plaque index, gingival index, hard food biting, bruxism, molar position, ceramic bracket, and use of intermaxillary elastics as independent risk factors (all P < 0.05). The prediction model exhibited an AUC of 0.613 (95% CI: 0.588–0.633). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test yielded a P-value of 0.419, and the Bootstrap-corrected AUC was 0.6027. The developed online dynamic tool provided real-time outputs including the predicted failure probability for a single tooth position, corresponding risk level, and clinical recommendations. CONCLUSION: Bracket bonding failure is multifactorial, linked to oral hygiene, habits, tooth position, and bracket type. The well-calibrated prediction model and accompanying online tool can aid clinicians in risk assessment and support personalized treatment planning. </p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13041070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147316706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}