Head & Face Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Deep learning based quantitative cervical vertebral maturation analysis.","authors":"Fulin Jiang, Abbas Ahmed Abdulqader, Yan Yan, Fangyuan Cheng, Tao Xiang, Jinghong Yu, Juan Li, Yong Qiu, Xin Chen","doi":"10.1186/s13005-025-00498-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-025-00498-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to enhance clinical diagnostics for quantitative cervical vertebral maturation (QCVM) staging with precise landmark localization. Existing methods are often subjective and time-consuming, while deep learning alternatives withstand the complex anatomical variations. Therefore, we designed an advanced two-stage convolutional neural network customized for improved accuracy in cervical vertebrae analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed 2100 cephalometric images. The data distribution to an 8:1:1 for training, validation, and testing. The CVnet system was designed as a two-step method with a comprehensive evaluation of various regions of interest (ROI) sizes to locate 19 cervical vertebral landmarks and classify precision maturation stages. The accuracy of landmark localization was assessed by success detection rate and student t-test. The QCVM diagnostic accuracy test was conducted to evaluate the assistant performances of our system for six junior orthodontists.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Upon precise calibration with optimal ROI size, the landmark localization registered an average error of 0.66 ± 0.46 mm and a success detection rate of 98.10% within 2 mm. Additionally, the identification accuracy of QCVM stages was 69.52%, resulting in an enhancement of 10.95% in the staging accuracy of junior orthodontists in the diagnostic test.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study presented a two-stage neural network that successfully automated the identification of cervical vertebral landmarks and the staging of QCVM. By streamlining the workflow and enhancing the accuracy of skeletal maturation estimation, this method offered valuable clinical support, particularly for practitioners with limited experience or access to advanced diagnostic resources, facilitating more consistent and reliable treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the efficacy and safety of Erenumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor, in patients with chronic and episodic migraine: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials with subgroup analysis.","authors":"Mohamed E Haseeb, Hazem E Mohammed, Hatem Yaser, George Hanen, Mohamed Nasser, Shehab Yaser, Zeyad Bady","doi":"10.1186/s13005-025-00494-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-025-00494-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Migraine is a highly prevalent and disabling disease, affecting nearly 14% of the global population. Preventive medications involve drugs like beta-adrenergic blockers, antidepressants, and anticonvulsants. However, these drugs lacked effectiveness, and patients showed poor tolerance and low adherence to them. Erenumab, a calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor blocker, has recently shown promising results in migraine management. In this meta-analysis, the efficacy of Erenumab is investigated by employing a subgroup analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search of six electronic databases until July 2024. Review Manager 5.4 software was utilized for the analysis, based on either weighted mean difference (MD) and standard deviation (SD) for continuous outcomes or risk ratio (RR) for dichotomous outcomes, with a confidence interval (CI) of 95%. A P-value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. The study was registered on PROSPERO with registration number CRD42024573300. Additionally, we conducted subgroup analyses and assessed the quality of evidence using GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 20 randomized controlled trials (n = 5212) were included in our analysis. At three months, Erenumab showed statistically significant improvements in monthly migraine days (MMD), monthly acute migraine-specific medication days (MSMD), Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) score, and ≥ 50% reduction from baseline in MMD (MD: -1.78, 95% CI: [-2.37 to -1.20], P < 0.00001), (MD: -1.36, 95% CI: [-1.92 to -0.81], P < 0.00001), (MD: -2.83, 95% CI: [-3.83 to -1.82], P < 0.00001), and (RR: 1.52, 95% CI: [1.31 to 1.76], P < 0.00001), respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that Erenumab was significantly more effective in patients with prior preventive treatment failures compared to patients with no prior failure. No significant difference in Erenumab`s response existed between episodic and chronic migraine or between 140 and 70 mg, except for MSMD in dose subgrouping. Only constipation emerged as a significant adverse effect in the Erenumab group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This meta-analysis found that Erenumab significantly reduced migraine attack frequency, medication days, and physical impairment. It was more effective for patients with prior treatment failures. The 140 mg dose showed better MSMD reduction than 70 mg. Erenumab's safety profile was similar to that of placebo, with only constipation noted as significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11938773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of patient motion on definition of typical cephalometric reference points in digital horizontally scanning cephalometric radiography.","authors":"Kim Martin, Christos Katsaros, Robert Brylka, Ulrich Schwanecke, Ralf Schulze","doi":"10.1186/s13005-025-00491-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-025-00491-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of defined head-motion during x-ray exposure on the identification accuracy of typical cephalometric reference points.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>By means of a dry adult human skull and a precise motion simulation system digital Cephs are acquired while certain predefined movement patterns (shift, tilt and nodding with a motion amplitude from 5 - 50 mm) of the skull were executed. They represent the movements of children and adolescents, the main group for cephalometric radiographs.The scanning time was 9.4 s per Ceph. 10 typical landmark points of cephalometric analysis were identified by 20 observers on each Ceph twice. Using a non-motion image (Ceph0) as reference, displacement was computed as vectors relative to this image. Commonly used angles and vertical and horizontal distances were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both inter-rater as well as intra-rater-reproducibility were perfect. There was very little change in the vertical distance N-Me, in contrast to the horizontal distance S-N which showed a large variation. So patient motion parallel to the scanning direction of the fan-beam-detector unit, heavily influence distances parallel to this direction. The ANB angle and the Maxillo-Mandibular Plane Angle (ANS-PNS to Me-Go) only varied by about 1-2°.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study observed a severe influence on reference point location of motion patterns parallel to the scanning direction and also on clinically relevant distances parallel to the scanning direction. Therefore, we recommend to use a horizontal scanning direction, to minimise scanning time to a minimum, or to prefer a one-shot technique if possible. Future advancements in this field may include the integration of artificial intelligence or algorithms for the purpose of motion correction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143648426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a machine learning-based predictive model for maxillary sinus cysts and exploration of clustering patterns.","authors":"Haoran Yang, Yuxiang Chen, Anna Zhao, Xianqi Rao, Lin Li, Ziliang Li","doi":"10.1186/s13005-025-00492-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-025-00492-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>There are still many controversies about the factors influencing maxillary sinus cysts and their clinical management. This study aims to construct a prediction model of maxillary sinus cyst and explore its clustering pattern by cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) technique and machine learning (ML) method to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and clinical management of maxillary sinus cyst.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 6000 CBCT images of maxillary sinus from 3093 patients were evaluated to document the possible influencing factors of maxillary sinus cysts, including gender, age, odontogenic factors, and anatomical factors. First, the characteristic variables were screened by multiple statistical methods, and ML methods were applied to construct a prediction model for maxillary sinus cysts. Second, the model was interpreted based on the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values, and the risk of maxillary sinus cysts was predicted by generating a web page calculator. Finally, the K-mean clustering algorithm further identified risk factors for maxillary sinus cysts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By comparing the various metrics in the training and test sets of multiple ML models, eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) is the best model. The average area under curve (AUC) values of the XGBoost model in the training, validation, and test sets, respectively, are 0.939, 0.923, and 0.921, which indicates its excellent classification and discrimination ability. The cluster analysis model further categorized maxillary sinus cysts into high-risk and low-risk groups, with apical lesions, severe periodontitis, and age ≥ 53 as high-risk factors for maxillary sinus cysts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide valuable insights into the etiology and risk stratification of maxillary sinus cysts, offering a theoretical basis for their prevention and clinical management. The integration of CBCT imaging and ML techniques holds the potential for prevention and personalized treatment strategies of maxillary sinus cysts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11900490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of acidic solutions on surface roughness of polished and glazed CAD-CAM restorative materials.","authors":"Kübra Nur Tad, Ayhan Gürbüz, Perihan Oyar","doi":"10.1186/s13005-025-00486-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-025-00486-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the surface roughness (Ra) changes of different dental ceramic materials with different compositions, which were applied two different surface treatments after exposure to acidic pH. The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the Ra changes of different CAD-CAM materials with different compositions, which were applied two different surface treatments, after exposure to acidic pH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of the 168 samples (12 × 14 × 2 mm) were obtained from ceramic blocks (IPS e.max CAD (LDS)), GC Cerasmart (RNC-C), Lava Ultimate (RNC-L), and Vita Enamic (PIC). Half of each group was subjected to mechanical polishing, and the other half was glazed. After the initial Ra evaluations were made, the samples classified with 7 in each subgroup were kept in three different solutions (citric acid, Coca-Cola, and artificial saliva-control group). After 168 h, surface roughness values of the specimens were measured again.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the RNC-C samples, varying surface treatments and exposure to various solutions did not produce a statistically significant difference. Different acidic solutions did not affect the Ra values of LDS and RNC-C ceramics. The percentage change in Ra values in the glazed samples of PIC exposed to Coca-Cola and RNC-L exposed to artificial saliva were higher than those applied mechanical polishing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Ra values of RNC-C ceramics were not affected by both surface treatment and acid exposure. The percentage change in Ra values was highest in PIC ceramics. In general, glazed samples had larger Ra change values and higher percentage change in Ra values than manually polished ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11871831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of restorative material and connector cross-section area on the stress distribution of fixed partial denture: a finite element analysis.","authors":"Jingyi Chen, Tong Zhu, Ruyi Li, Zhou Zhu, Xibo Pei, Yichen Xu, Qianbing Wan","doi":"10.1186/s13005-025-00484-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-025-00484-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of restorative materials and connector cross-section areas (CSAs) on the stress distribution of monolithic fixed partial dentures (FPDs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>FPDs, abutment teeth, periodontal ligament (PDL), and alveolar bone were modeled by computer-aided design. Four materials with varied elastic modulus (3 mol% yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystals [Zr], lithium disilicate [LD], polymer-infiltrated ceramic network [PICN], and resin composite [RC]) and five CSA of connectors (4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 mm²) were set as FPD variables for finite element analysis (FEA). The stress distribution on FPDs, abutment teeth, PDL, and alveolar bone was analyzed under two different loading modes (three-point loading and pontic loading). The results of FEA were further verified by photoelastic test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both FPD material and CSA influenced the stress distribution of the FPD-tooth-bone complex. At a constant CSA of 8 mm², Zr, with the highest elastic modulus, exhibited the lowest stress on abutment teeth (2.4177 MPa). As the materials' elastic modulus decreased, the stress increased by 2.37%, 7.67%, and 13.16% for LD, PICN, and RC, respectively. Increasing the CSA from 4 mm² to 12 mm² reduced stress on abutments by 1.65% and 1.54% in the Zr and PICN groups, respectively. However, in the RC group, the stress increased significantly by 115.63%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Materials with a higher elastic modulus tend to confine stress within the FPDs, reducing the downward transmission of stress. As the CSA increases, stress might be more evenly distributed from FPD to the periodontium, potentially reducing stress concentration.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11869690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schneiderian membrane perforation repair using a crosslinked collagen membrane: a retrospective cohort study.","authors":"Daya Masri, Ehud Jonas, Omar Ghanaiem, Liat Chaushu","doi":"10.1186/s13005-025-00487-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-025-00487-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Perforation of the Schneiderian membrane (SM) is a common intraoperative complication of sinus augmentation. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors for SM perforation, and to compare clinical outcomes between patients with SM perforation repaired using crosslinked collagen membranes (CLM) compared to those with an intact SM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single tertiary medical center. Data was collected on patients requiring sinus augmentation via lateral approach prior to implant placement. The collected data included demographics, surgical details, implant outcomes, radiographic analysis, and presence of SM perforation. In cases of perforation a CLM was used to repair the SM. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate risk factors for perforation and whether SM perforation repair using CLM influenced early implant failure (EIF). A p-value < 0.05 was considered significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data on 194 individuals who underwent 278 lateral approach sinus augmentation procedures was collected. SM perforation occurred in 66 (23.74%) sinuses. Treatment of SM perforation using CLM yielded similar results to sinuses without perforations: EIF and the augmented gained bone did not correlate with SM perforation. Younger patients, and thick SMs (> 3 mm) had significantly lower risk of perforation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Older age and thinner SMs are risk factors for sinus membrane perforations. No significant differences in bone gain and EIF were found between perforated and intact membranes.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Schneiderian membrane perforation repair using crosslinked collagen membrane provides comparable results to sinus augmentations without perforations, demonstrating its effectiveness in preventing complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of double-sleeve endotracheal tube in infection control for icu patients: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Han Sheng, Linyan Wang, Yeping Fei, Zhihong Zhu, Ping Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13005-025-00488-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-025-00488-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Poor oral hygiene in patients with tracheal intubation will increase the occurrence of dental plaque and mucosal inflammation, resulting in oral barrier dysfunction. This study aimed to design and evaluate a novel double-lumen endotracheal tube (DETT) and explore its role in infection control, particularly its effects on the oral microenvironment and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective, non-blinded, randomized parallel-controlled trial conducted from July 2024 to September 2024. A total of 115 patients who had been intubated for more than 3 days in a tertiary hospital ICU were enrolled and randomly assigned to either the DETT group (n = 58) or the conventional endotracheal tube (ETT) group (n = 57). Both groups received the same oral care protocols. The DETT group was intubated with the double-lumen endotracheal tube, which included a built-in bite block, while the ETT group used a standard endotracheal tube with a bite block. The primary outcome was the incidence of VAP, while secondary outcomes included oral bacterial colony counts, biofilm formation, BOAS oral health scores, and plaque index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the ETT group, the DETT group showed a significant reduction in VAP incidence (χ²=4.382, p < 0.05). The DETT group also had significantly lower oral bacterial colony counts (Z=-7.362, P < 0.05) and biofilm formation (χ²=5.472, p < 0.05), as well as better BOAS scores (Z=-2.774, p < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences between the two groups in pathogenic bacterial presence or plaque index (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The novel double-lumen endotracheal tube effectively reduces the total bacterial load in the oral cavity, inhibits biofilm formation, and lowers the incidence of VAP. It also improves oral function and hygiene, contributing to infection control, and holds significant clinical value.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporomandibular disorder prevalence in malocclusion patients: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Lijun Huang, Yafen Xu, Ziyi Xiao, Yunfeng Liu, Fen Luo","doi":"10.1186/s13005-025-00490-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-025-00490-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) in patients with malocclusion through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to November 15, 2024. Cross-sectional studies providing data on TMD prevalence among malocclusion patients were included. Study quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) checklist. A random-effects model was used for meta-analysis, with subgroup and meta-regression analyses to explore heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate result robustness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-two studies were included, showing an overall TMD prevalence of 43% (95% CI: 35%-50%; I² = 97.9%). Prevalence was higher in females (44%) than males (33%) and in adults (42%) than adolescents (39%). Among malocclusion types, Class II (40%) and posterior unilateral crossbite (59%) had the highest TMD prevalence. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of findings, though diagnostic criteria variations contributed to heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The prevalence of TMD in malocclusion patients was 43%, with higher rates in females, adults, and specific malocclusion types such as Class II, open bite, overjet, and crossbite. Variations in diagnostic criteria and malocclusion classification contributed to heterogeneity, emphasizing the need to consider individual patient characteristics when assessing TMD risk. Standardized diagnostic criteria, representative sampling, and multilingual search strategies are essential for future research to minimize bias and improve data reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11863559/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on odontogenic infections in maxillofacial surgery.","authors":"Florian Dudde, Oliver Schuck, Sven Duda, Manfred Giese","doi":"10.1186/s13005-025-00489-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-025-00489-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the distribution, characteristics, and treatment of odontogenic infections (OI) in a cranio-maxillofacial hospital, comparing data from pre-covid (PC) and intra-covid (IC) periods.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 194 patients treated for OIs from February 2019 to January 2021. Patients were categorized into two cohorts: PC (02/2019 - 01/2020) and IC (02/2020 - 01/2021). Data collected included demographics, infection types, symptoms, pre-existing conditions, treatments, length of hospital stay, and time from symptom onset to treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IC cohort exhibited a significant increase in submandibular (13.9% to 26.7%) and floor of mouth abscesses (6.5% to 18.6%). Patients in the IC period were more likely to present with fever (69.8% vs. 36.1%, p < 0.001) and dyspnea (48.8% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.029). Additionally, there was an increase in multi-space infections (7.4% to 22.1%) and higher inflammatory markers, with leukocyte counts rising from 12.51 × 10^9/l to 15.41 × 10^9/l (p < 0.001). The mean length of stay in the hospital also increased significantly from 3.24 days to 8.01 days (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly altered the landscape of OIs in oral and maxillofacial surgery, leading to more severe presentations, prolonged treatment durations, and increased hospital admissions. These findings underscore the necessity for improved public health strategies to ensure timely access to dental care during health crises. Enhanced awareness and proactive management are essential to mitigate the long-term impact of the aforementioned disruptions on patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143500194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}