Head & Face Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of deep learning models to detect crossbites on 2D intraoral photographs.","authors":"Beatrice Noeldeke, Stratos Vassis, Mohammedreza Sefidroodi, Ruben Pauwels, Peter Stoustrup","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00448-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00448-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To support dentists with limited experience, this study trained and compared six convolutional neural networks to detect crossbites and classify non-crossbite, frontal, and lateral crossbites using 2D intraoral photographs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on 676 photographs from 311 orthodontic patients, six convolutional neural network models were trained and compared to classify (1) non-crossbite vs. crossbite and (2) non-crossbite vs. lateral crossbite vs. frontal crossbite. The trained models comprised DenseNet, EfficientNet, MobileNet, ResNet18, ResNet50, and Xception.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Among the models, Xception showed the highest accuracy (98.57%) in the test dataset for classifying non-crossbite vs. crossbite images. When additionally distinguishing between lateral and frontal crossbites, average accuracy decreased with the DenseNet architecture achieving the highest accuracy among the models with 91.43% in the test dataset.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Convolutional neural networks show high potential in processing clinical photographs and detecting crossbites. This study provides initial insights into how deep learning models can be used for orthodontic diagnosis of malocclusions based on intraoral 2D photographs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11367978/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142119677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex determination through maxillary dental arch and skeletal base measurements using machine learning.","authors":"Cristiano Miranda de Araujo, Pedro Felipe de Jesus Freitas, Aline Xavier Ferraz, Isabella Christina Costa Quadras, Bianca Simone Zeigelboim, Sidnei Priolo Filho, Svenja Beisel-Memmert, Angela Graciela Deliga Schroder, Elisa Souza Camargo, Erika Calvano Küchler","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00446-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00446-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cranial, facial, nasal, and maxillary widths have been shown to be significantly affected by the individual's sex. The present study aims to use measurements of dental arch and maxillary skeletal base to determine sex, employing supervised machine learning.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Maxillary and mandibular tomographic examinations from 100 patients were analyzed to investigate the inter-premolar width, inter-molar width, maxillary width, inter-pterygoid width, nasal cavity width, nostril width, and maxillary length, obtained through Cone Beam Computed Tomography scans. The following machine learning algorithms were used to build the predictive models: Logistic Regression, Gradient Boosting Classifier, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Multi-Layer Perceptron Classifier (MLP), Decision Tree, and Random Forest Classifier. A 10-fold cross-validation approach was adopted to validate each model. Metrics such as area under the curve (AUC), accuracy, recall, precision, and F1 Score were calculated for each model, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Univariate analysis showed statistical significance (p < 0.10) for all skeletal and dental variables. Nostril width showed greater importance in two models, while Inter-molar width stood out among dental measurements. The models achieved accuracy values ranging from 0.75 to 0.85 on the test data. Logistic Regression, Random Forest, Decision Tree, and SVM models had the highest AUC values, with SVM showing the smallest disparity between cross-validation and test data for accuracy metrics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transverse dental arch and maxillary skeletal base measurements exhibited strong predictive capability, achieving high accuracy with machine learning methods. Among the evaluated models, the SVM algorithm exhibited the best performance. This indicates potential usefulness in forensic sex determination.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11363530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142106918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis of ideal needle puncture angles and depths for temporomandibular joint arthrocentesis using CBCT data.","authors":"Ferit Bayram, Senem Askin Ekinci, Gokhan Gocmen","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00447-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00447-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the range of angles and depths necessary for effective entry into the TMJ using CBCT images, focusing on classical Holmlund Hellsing points and a two-needle approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort of CBCT images from January 2020 to November 2023 was analysed using 3D analysis to determine the variance in the required angles and depths.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average age of the 68 participants included in the study was 29.5 ± 11.1, 58.8% of the participants were female and 41.2% were male. The anterior needle measurements showed a relatively low standard deviation(SD) in depth(SD:3.6) with a low variance coefficient(12.5%), whereas the axial and coronal angles exhibited greater variability(SD:9.1 and 7.6, respectively). For the posterior needles, moderate SDs in depth(SD:3.5) and greater variabilities in axial and coronal angles(SD:9.6 and 5.3, respectively) were observed. A weak negative correlation was observed between the axial angle of the posterior needle and age(p: 0.028, Pearson r: -0.29) Anterior needle depth (p:0.037) and posterior needle axial angle(p:0.014) were greater in males than females. The anterior needle depth in patients with temporamandibular disease was greater than in those without(p:0,03).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were significant differences in the angle measurements for both anterior and posterior needles, but lower variance in depth. The depths and angles of the needles did not correlate with age.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11351374/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142092799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of the surgical execution of virtually planned deep circumflex iliac artery flaps and their appropriateness for masticatory rehabilitation.","authors":"Florian Peters, Stefan Raith, Anna Bock, Kristian Kniha, Mark Ooms, Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich, Frank Hölzle, Ali Modabber","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00444-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00444-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tumorous diseases of the jaw demand effective treatments, often involving continuity resection of the jaw. Reconstruction via microvascular bone flaps, like deep circumflex iliac artery flaps (DCIA), is standard. Computer aided planning (CAD) enhances accuracy in reconstruction using patient-specific CT images to create three-dimensional (3D) models. Data on the accuracy of CAD-planned DCIA flaps is scarce. Moreover, the data on accuracy should be combined with data on the exact positioning of the implants for well-fitting dental prosthetics. This study focuses on CAD-planned DCIA flaps accuracy and proper positioning for prosthetic rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients post-mandible resection with CAD-planned DCIA flap reconstruction were evaluated. Postoperative radiograph-derived 3D models were aligned with 3D models from the CAD plans for osteotomy position, angle, and flap volume comparison. To evaluate the DCIA flap's suitability for prosthetic dental rehabilitation, a plane was created in the support zone and crestal in the middle of the DCIA flap. The lower jaw was rotated to close the mouth and the distance between the two planes was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>20 patients (12 males, 8 females) were included. Mean defect size was 73.28 ± 4.87 mm; 11 L defects, 9 LC defects. Planned vs. actual DCIA transplant volume difference was 3.814 ± 3.856 cm³ (p = 0.2223). The deviation from the planned angle was significantly larger at the dorsal osteotomy than at the ventral (p = 0.035). Linear differences between the planned DCIA transplant and the actual DCIA transplant were 1.294 ± 1.197 mm for the ventral osteotomy and 2.680 ± 3.449 mm for the dorsal (p = 0.1078). The difference between the dental axis and the middle of the DCIA transplant ranged from 0.2 mm to 14.8 mm. The mean lateral difference was 2.695 ± 3.667 mm in the region of the first premolar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CAD-planned DCIA flap is a solution for reconstructing the mandible. CAD planning results in an accurate reconstruction enabling dental implant placement and dental prosthetics.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11321092/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141971008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparative study of the effects of advanced platelet-rich fibrin and resorbable collagen membrane in the treatment of gingival recession: a split-mouth, randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Mokhtar Saeed Al-Barakani, Baleegh Al-Kadasi, Manal Al-Hajri, Sadam Ahmed Elayah","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00441-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00441-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) combined with the pinhole surgical technique (PST) for enhancing root coverage (RC) in individuals with Miller class I or II gingival recessions (GR). Additionally, it compared the clinical effect of A-PRF and resorbable collagen membrane (RCM).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 18 patients, encompassing 36 treatment sides of 18 Miller class I or II, were randomly assigned to the PST + A-PRF side (18 sides) and the PST + RCM side (18 sides). Clinical assessments of various parameters, including plaque index (PI), clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized tissue width (KTW), recession depth (RD), recession width (RW), and gingival thickness (GT) were conducted at baseline and three months after the surgical procedure. A numeric rating scale (NRS) was also evaluated during the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th days. This study was formally recorded under the TCTR identification number TCTR20230613005 in the Thai Clinical Trials Register-Medical Research Foundation of Thailand (MRF) on 13/06/2023. Furthermore, it was ethically approved by Sana'a University's Ethical Committee for Medical Research.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When comparing the values of 3 months follow-up with the baseline values, intra-side comparison of the PST + A-PRF group showed significant improvements in PI (P = 0.02), CAL (P = 0.01), and RD (P = 0.04), and GT values (P < 0.01). The improvements in the PST + A-PRF group were through the reduction of baseline values of PI, CAL, and RD; the mean reductions in PI, CAL, and RD were 0.44 ± 0.71, 0.33 ± 0.45, and 0.22 ± 0.43 respectively, and a significant increase in GT value (0.44 ± 0.24). While there was an insignificant increase in KTW value with no change in RW values (4.50 ± 0.71, P = 1). In contrast, intra- side comparison of PST + RCM side showed only a significant reduction in PI value (0.44 ± 0.71, P = 0.02) and a significant increase in GT value (0.42 ± 0.26, P = < 0.01). Meanwhile, there were insignificant improvements in CAL (2.89 ± 0.95), KTW (3.97 ± 0.74), and RD (1.94 ± 0.87) values. Regarding inter-side comparison, there were no statistically significant among all variables (p > 0.05). The pain scores of the numeric rating scale were significantly lower on the PST + A-PRF sides compared with the PST + RCM sides, especially on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd days (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both A-PRF and RCM showed not wholly satisfactory outcomes in gingival recession treatment. Interestingly, the combination of PST with A-PRF has proven more effective than combining PST with RCM. Additionally, the localized application of A-PRF has been shown to reduce post-operative pain following the pinhole surgical technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11316364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141912392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional analysis of palatal morphology and PAS in patients with cleft lip and palate prior to orthodontic treatment","authors":"Maike Tabellion, Jörg Alexander Lisson","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00440-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13005-024-00440-2","url":null,"abstract":"Since many different conclusions of craniofacial anomalies and their relation to the posterior airway space coexist, this comparative clinical study investigated the palatal morphology concerning volumetric size, posterior airway space dimension and the adenoids of patients with and without a cleft before orthodontic treatment. Three-dimensional intraoral scans and cephalometric radiographs of n = 38 patients were used for data acquisition. The patients were divided into three groups: unilateral cleft lip and palate (n = 15, 4 female, 11 male; mean age 8.57 ± 1.79 years), bilateral cleft lip and palate (n = 8, 0 female, 8 male; mean age 8.46 ± 1.37 years) and non-cleft control (n = 15, 7 female, 8 male; mean age 9.03 ± 1.02 years). The evaluation included established procedures for measurements of the palatal morphology and posterior airway space. Statistics included Shapiro-Wilk-Test and simple ANOVA (Bonferroni) for the three-dimensional intraoral scans and cephalometric radiographs. The level of significance was set at p < 0.05. The palatal volume and cephalometric analysis showed differences between the three groups. The palatal volume, the superior posterior face height and the depth of the bony nasopharynx of patients with cleft lip and palate were significantly smaller than for non-cleft control patients. The superior posterior face height of bilateral cleft lip and palate patients was significantly smaller than in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients (BCLP: 35.50 ± 2.08 mm; UCLP: 36.04 ± 2.95 mm; p < 0.001). The percentage of the adenoids in relation to the entire nasopharynx and the angle NL/SN were significantly bigger in patients with cleft lip and palate than in the non-cleft control. In particular, the palatal volume was 32.43% smaller in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and 48.69% smaller in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate compared to the non-cleft control. Skeletal anomalies relate to the dimension of the posterior airway space. There were differences among the subjects with cleft lip and palate and these without a cleft. This study showed that the morphology of the palate and especially transverse deficiency of the maxilla resulting in smaller palatal volume relates to the posterior airway space. Even the adenoids seem to be affected, especially for cleft lip and palate patients.","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141871004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative delirium in oral and maxillofacial surgery: a scoping review.","authors":"Eman Alhammadi, Julian Max Kuhlmann, Majeed Rana, Helmut Frohnhofen, Henriette Louise Moellmann","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00439-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00439-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Postoperative delirium (POD) in the oral and maxillofacial settings has gained more attention in recent decades. Due to advances in medical technology, treatment possibilities have expanded treatment for elderly and frail patients. This scoping review explores the correlation between POD and oral and maxillofacial surgery, summarizing screening and management protocols and identifying risk factors in this surgical field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review follows the Scoping Review extension of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA-ScR). A comprehensive literature search was performed using multiple databases, focusing on articles published from 2002 to 2023 that discuss delirium in oral and maxillofacial surgery settings. The review was registered beforehand in the Open Science Framework ( https://osf.io/r2ebc ).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From the initial 644 articles, 68 met the inclusion criteria. These studies highlighted the significant heterogeneity in POD diagnosis methods. The review identifies multiple risk factors across the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative phases that influence the occurrence of POD. Significant and independent risk factors in multiple regression analysis were highlighted, creating a clinical prediction list for the occurrence of POD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is crucial to preoperatively identify patients at risk for POD and actively modify these risks throughout the patient's hospital stay. Implementing nonpharmacological preventive measures for at-risk patients is recommended to decrease the incidence of POD. Future research should focus on creating standardized specialty-specific protocols incorporating validated assessment tools and addressing the full spectrum of risk factors associated with POD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11265362/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141751576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bi-institutional analysis of microbiological spectrum and therapeutic management of parotid abscesses.","authors":"Marcel Mayer, Julia Esser, Sarah Victoria Walker, Sami Shabli, Axel Lechner, Martin Canis, Jens Peter Klussmann, Lisa Nachtsheim, Philipp Wolber","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00438-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00438-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A parotid abscess (PA) is a complication of an acute bacterial parotitis with a potentially life-threatening course. To date, data on the diagnosis and therapy of PA is sparse and mostly consists of case reports or case series. Therefore, this study aimed at comprehensively analyzing the microbiological spectrum and the therapeutic management in a bi-institutional setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective clinical chart review was performed to identify all patients surgically treated for PA at two tertiary care centers in Germany. Data on demographics, clinical management and microbiological data including species identification, pathogenicity, type of antibiotic therapy, adjustment of antibiotics, antibiotic sensitivity testing, and smear test results were extracted. Intervention-related variables and etiology were analyzed for their statistical association with outcome variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 85 patients were included. Most patients (92.9%) underwent surgical incision. Around half of the patients (45.9%) were treated under local anesthesia. No facial nerve palsy was observed. The most frequently detected pathogens were Streptococci (n = 23), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (n = 6) including one case of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Most patients (68.2%) received an aminopenicillin ± beta-lactamase inhibitor as empiric antibiotic therapy. In 6 cases the antibiotic therapy was modified after receiving the antibiogram. Four patients (5.2%) presented with recurrent PA. Etiology was idiopathic (42.4%), followed by tumorous (12.9%), obstructive, and immunosuppressive (each 11.8%). Patients with a dental focus (p = 0.007) had a longer duration of hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results show that the surgical therapy of PA under local anesthesia is safe. A dental examination should routinely be performed to rule out a dental focus. Obtaining a microbiological specimen in order to modify antibiotic therapy if necessary and a histopathological specimen to rule out a tumorous etiology is obligate.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11241904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141599260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock out of ITGB6 in human OSCC cells reduced migration and proliferation ability.","authors":"Maximilian Geyer, Fabian Geyer, Ute Reuning, Sarah Klapproth, Klaus-Dietrich Wolff, Markus Nieberler","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00437-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00437-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains challenging and survival rates have not been improved significantly over the past decades. Integrins have been recognized driving the cancer progression and high expression levels cause poor outcomes in patients afflicted with OSCC. Integrin αvβ6 and its subunit integrin beta 6 (ITGB6) were discovered to enhance the invasiveness by providing beneficial effects on downstream pathways promoting the cancer progression. The objective of this study was to establish a CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock out of ITGB6 in the human OSCC cell line HN and investigate the effects on the migration and proliferation ability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>ITGB6 knock out was performed using the CRISPR/Cas9-system, RNPs, and lipofection. Monoclonal cell clones were achieved by limiting dilution and knock out verification was carried out by sanger sequencing and FACS on protein level. The effects of the knock out on the proliferation and migration ability were evaluated by using MTT and scratch assays. In addition, in silico TCGA analysis was utilized regarding the effects of ITGB6 on overall survival and perineural invasion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In silico analysis revealed a significant impact of ITGB6 mRNA expression levels on the overall survival of patients afflicted with OSCC. Additionally, a significantly higher rate of perineural invasion was discovered. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock out of ITGB6 was performed in the OSCC cell line HN, resulting in the generation of a monoclonal knock out clone. The knock out clone exhibited a significantly reduced migration and proliferation ability when compared to the wildtype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ITGB6 is a relevant factor in the progression of OSCC and can be used for the development of novel treatment strategies. The present study is the first to establish a monoclonal CRISPR/Cas9-mediated ITGB6 knockout cell clone derived from an OSCC cell line. It suggests that ITGB6 has a significant impact on the proliferative and migratory capacity in vitro.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11184753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141418616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthodontic findings and treatment need in patients with amelogenesis imperfecta: a descriptive analysis.","authors":"Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich, Sachin Chhatwani, Peter Schmidt, Kristian Kniha, Jan Postberg, Andreas G Schulte, Jochen Jackowski, Stefan Zimmer, Gholamreza Danesh","doi":"10.1186/s13005-024-00436-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13005-024-00436-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) is a genetically determined, non-syndromic enamel dysplasia that may manifest as hypoplasia, hypomaturation, or hypocalcification and can commonly be classified into four primary groups. In this retrospective analysis, specific orofacial characteristics are described and associated with each of the AI types based on a patient cohort from Witten/Herdecke University, Germany.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 19 patients (ten male and nine female, mean age 12.27 ± 4.06 years) with AI who presented at the Department of Orthodontics between July 2011 and December 2023 were analyzed. Baseline skeletal and dental conditions were assessed, including the presence of hypodontia, displacements, and taurodontism. AI was classified into classes I-IV based on phenotype. Treatment needs were evaluated according to the main findings following the German KIG classification, while the radiological enamel situation was determined using panoramic radiographs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An approximately equal distribution between classes II and III was found and a slight inclination toward a dolichofacial configuration (ΔML-NSL: 5.07 ± 9.23°, ΔML-NL: 4.24 ± 8.04°). Regarding orthodontic findings, disturbance in tooth eruption as well as open bite were the most prevalent issues (both 36.8%, n = 7). The most common AI classes were type I and II, which show an almost even distribution about the skeletal classes in sagittal dimension, while dolichofacial configuration was found most frequently in vertical dimension.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both clinical and radiological orthodontic findings in context with AI are subject to extensive distribution. It seems that no specific orofacial findings can be confirmed in association with AI with regard to the common simple classes I-IV. It may be more appropriate to differentiate the many subtypes according to their genetic aspects to identify possible associated orthodontic findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12994,"journal":{"name":"Head & Face Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11179351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141320812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}