The effects of mitochondrial damage and energy metabolism disorders on the progression of noise-induced deafness and its treatment.

Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a major cause of hearing impairment globally, affecting numerous individuals. The pathogenesis of NIHL is complex, involving multiple mechanisms such as mechanical damage, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and energy metabolism disorders. Although these mechanisms are implicated, the complete understanding of NIHL's pathogenesis remains elusive. In recent years, the role of mitochondrial dysfunction and energy metabolism disorders in NIHL has garnered significant attention. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the pathological mechanisms underlying NIHL, focusing on the contributions of mitochondrial damage and energy metabolism disorders. Moreover, this review evaluates existing therapeutic approaches and proposes future research directions through critical analysis of published evidence.