Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Endocytosis is required for consolidation of pattern-separated memories in the perirhinal cortex.","authors":"Dinka Piromalli Girado,&nbsp;Magdalena Miranda,&nbsp;Marcelo Giachero,&nbsp;Noelia Weisstaub,&nbsp;Pedro Bekinschtein","doi":"10.3389/fnsys.2023.1043664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2023.1043664","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The ability to separate similar experiences into differentiated representations is proposed to be based on a computational process called pattern separation, and it is one of the key characteristics of episodic memory. Although pattern separation has been mainly studied in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, this cognitive function if thought to take place also in other regions of the brain. The perirhinal cortex is important for the acquisition and storage of object memories, and in particular for object memory differentiation. The present study was devoted to investigating the importance of the cellular mechanism of endocytosis for object memory differentiation in the perirhinal cortex and its association with brain-derived neurotrophic factor, which was previously shown to be critical for the pattern separation mechanism in this structure.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a modified version of the object recognition memory task and intracerebral delivery of a peptide (Tat-P4) into the perirhinal cortex to block endocytosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that endocytosis is necessary for pattern separation in the perirhinal cortex. We also provide evidence from a molecular disconnection experiment that BDNF and endocytosis-related mechanisms interact for memory discrimination in both male and female rats.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our experiments suggest that BDNF and endocytosis are essential for consolidation of separate object memories and a part of a time-restricted, protein synthesis-dependent mechanism of memory stabilization in Prh during storage of object representations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12649,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1043664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9995888/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9103059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Unravelling the complex and multifaceted role of the cerebellum in health and disease.","authors":"Paul James Mathews,&nbsp;Anne-Lise Paradis,&nbsp;Marija Cvetanovic,&nbsp;Erik Sean Carlson,&nbsp;Krystal Lynn Parker","doi":"10.3389/fnsys.2023.1155939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2023.1155939","url":null,"abstract":"COPYRIGHT © 2023 Mathews, Paradis, Cvetanovic, Carlson and Parker. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: Unravelling the complex and multifaceted role of the cerebellum in health and disease","PeriodicalId":12649,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1155939"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10076819/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9429457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortical processing during robot and functional electrical stimulation.","authors":"Woosang Cho,&nbsp;Carmen Vidaurre,&nbsp;Jinung An,&nbsp;Niels Birbaumer,&nbsp;Ander Ramos-Murguialday","doi":"10.3389/fnsys.2023.1045396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2023.1045396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Like alpha rhythm, the somatosensory mu rhythm is suppressed in the presence of somatosensory inputs by implying cortical excitation. Sensorimotor rhythm (SMR) can be classified into two oscillatory frequency components: mu rhythm (8-13 Hz) and beta rhythm (14-25 Hz). The suppressed/enhanced SMR is a neural correlate of cortical activation related to efferent and afferent movement information. Therefore, it would be necessary to understand cortical information processing in diverse movement situations for clinical applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this work, the EEG of 10 healthy volunteers was recorded while fingers were moved passively under different kinetic and kinematic conditions for proprioceptive stimulation. For the kinetics aspect, afferent brain activity (no simultaneous volition) was compared under two conditions of finger extension: (1) generated by an orthosis and (2) generated by the orthosis simultaneously combined and assisted with functional electrical stimulation (FES) applied at the forearm muscles related to finger extension. For the kinematic aspect, the finger extension was divided into two phases: (1) dynamic extension and (2) static extension (holding the extended position).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the kinematic aspect, both mu and beta rhythms were more suppressed during a dynamic than a static condition. However, only the mu rhythm showed a significant difference between kinetic conditions (with and without FES) affected by attention to proprioception after transitioning from dynamic to static state, but the beta rhythm was not.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our results indicate that mu rhythm was influenced considerably by muscle kinetics during finger movement produced by external devices, which has relevant implications for the design of neuromodulation and neurorehabilitation interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12649,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1045396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10070684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9271372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning approaches and non-linear processing of extracted components in frontal region to predict rTMS treatment response in major depressive disorder.","authors":"Elias Ebrahimzadeh,&nbsp;Farahnaz Fayaz,&nbsp;Lila Rajabion,&nbsp;Masoud Seraji,&nbsp;Fatemeh Aflaki,&nbsp;Ahmad Hammoud,&nbsp;Zahra Taghizadeh,&nbsp;Mostafa Asgarinejad,&nbsp;Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh","doi":"10.3389/fnsys.2023.919977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2023.919977","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Predicting the therapeutic result of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatment could save time and costs as ineffective treatment can be avoided. To this end, we presented a machine-learning-based strategy for classifying patients with major depression disorder (MDD) into responders (R) and nonresponders (NR) to rTMS treatment. Resting state EEG data were recorded using 32 electrodes from 88 MDD patients before treatment. Then, patients underwent 7 weeks of rTMS, and 46 of them responded to treatment. By applying Independent Component Analysis (ICA) on EEG, we identified the relevant brain sources as possible indicators of neural activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). This was served through estimating the generators of activity in the sensor domain. Subsequently, we added physiological information and placed certain terms and conditions to offer a far more realistic estimation than the classic EEG. Ultimately, those components mapped in accordance with the region of the DLPFC in the sensor domain were chosen. Features extracted from the relevant ICs time series included permutation entropy (PE), fractal dimension (FD), Lempel-Ziv Complexity (LZC), power spectral density, correlation dimension (CD), features based on bispectrum, frontal and prefrontal cordance, and a combination of them. The most relevant features were selected by a Genetic Algorithm (GA). For classifying two groups of R and NR, K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) were applied to predict rTMS treatment response. To evaluate the performance of classifiers, a 10-fold cross-validation method was employed. A statistical test was used to assess the capability of features in differentiating R and NR for further research. EEG characteristics that can predict rTMS treatment response were discovered. The strongest discriminative indicators were EEG beta power, the sum of bispectrum diagonal elements in delta and beta bands, and CD. The Combined feature vector classified R and NR with a high performance of 94.31% accuracy, 92.85% specificity, 95.65% sensitivity, and 92.85% precision using SVM. This result indicates that our proposed method with power and nonlinear and bispectral features from relevant ICs time-series can predict the treatment outcome of rTMS for MDD patients only by one session pretreatment EEG recording. The obtained results show that the proposed method outperforms previous methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":12649,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"919977"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10034109/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9560078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleus incertus provides eye velocity and position signals to the vestibulo-ocular cerebellum: a new perspective of the brainstem-cerebellum-hippocampus network.","authors":"Guy Cheron,&nbsp;Laurence Ris,&nbsp;Ana Maria Cebolla","doi":"10.3389/fnsys.2023.1180627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2023.1180627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The network formed by the brainstem, cerebellum, and hippocampus occupies a central position to achieve navigation. Multiple physiological functions are implicated in this complex behavior. Among these, control of the eye-head and body movements is crucial. The gaze-holding system realized by the brainstem oculomotor neural integrator (ONI) situated in the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi and fine-tuned by the contribution of different regions of the cerebellum assumes the stability of the image on the fovea. This function helps in the recognition of environmental targets and defining appropriate navigational pathways further elaborated by the entorhinal cortex and hippocampus. In this context, an enigmatic brainstem area situated in front of the ONI, the nucleus incertus (NIC), is implicated in the dynamics of brainstem-hippocampus theta oscillation and contains a group of neurons projecting to the cerebellum. These neurons are characterized by burst tonic behavior similar to the burst tonic neurons in the ONI that convey eye velocity-position signals to the cerebellar flocculus. Faced with these forgotten cerebellar projections of the NIC, the present perspective discusses the possibility that, in addition to the already described pathways linking the cerebellum and the hippocampus via the medial septum, these NIC signals related to the vestibulo-ocular reflex and gaze holding could participate in the hippocampal control of navigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12649,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1180627"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10248067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9617620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of electroencephalographic patterns during propofol-induced burst suppression.","authors":"Keith G Jones,&nbsp;Carter Lybbert,&nbsp;Matthew J Euler,&nbsp;Jason Huang,&nbsp;Seth Lunt,&nbsp;Sindhu V Richards,&nbsp;Jacob E Jessop,&nbsp;Adam Larson,&nbsp;David H Odell,&nbsp;Kai Kuck,&nbsp;Scott C Tadler,&nbsp;Brian J Mickey","doi":"10.3389/fnsys.2023.1172856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2023.1172856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Burst suppression is a brain state consisting of high-amplitude electrical activity alternating with periods of quieter suppression that can be brought about by disease or by certain anesthetics. Although burst suppression has been studied for decades, few studies have investigated the diverse manifestations of this state within and between human subjects. As part of a clinical trial examining the antidepressant effects of propofol, we gathered burst suppression electroencephalographic (EEG) data from 114 propofol infusions across 21 human subjects with treatment-resistant depression. This data was examined with the objective of describing and quantifying electrical signal diversity. We observed three types of EEG burst activity: canonical broadband bursts (as frequently described in the literature), spindles (narrow-band oscillations reminiscent of sleep spindles), and a new feature that we call low-frequency bursts (LFBs), which are brief deflections of mainly sub-3-Hz power. These three features were distinct in both the time and frequency domains and their occurrence differed significantly across subjects, with some subjects showing many LFBs or spindles and others showing very few. Spectral-power makeup of each feature was also significantly different across subjects. In a subset of nine participants with high-density EEG recordings, we noted that each feature had a unique spatial pattern of amplitude and polarity when measured across the scalp. Finally, we observed that the Bispectral Index Monitor, a commonly used clinical EEG monitor, does not account for the diversity of EEG features when processing the burst suppression state. Overall, this study describes and quantifies variation in the burst suppression EEG state across subjects and repeated infusions of propofol. These findings have implications for the understanding of brain activity under anesthesia and for individualized dosing of anesthetic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12649,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1172856"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10309040/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9746062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arousal system stimulation and anesthetic state alter visuoparietal connectivity.","authors":"Axel Hutt,&nbsp;Anthony G Hudetz","doi":"10.3389/fnsys.2023.1157488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2023.1157488","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cortical information processing is under the precise control of the ascending arousal system (AAS). Anesthesia suppresses cortical arousal that can be mitigated by exogenous stimulation of the AAS. The question remains to what extent cortical information processing is regained by AAS stimulation. We investigate the effect of electrical stimulation of the nucleus Pontis Oralis (PnO), a distinct source of ascending AAS projections, on cortical functional connectivity (FC) and information storage at mild, moderate, and deep anesthesia. Local field potentials (LFPs) recorded previously in the secondary visual cortex (V2) and the adjacent parietal association cortex (PtA) in chronically instrumented unrestrained rats. We hypothesized that PnO stimulation would induce electrocortical arousal accompanied by enhanced FC and active information storage (AIS) implying improved information processing. In fact, stimulation reduced FC in slow oscillations (0.3-2.5 Hz) at low anesthetic level and increased FC at high anesthetic level. These effects were augmented following stimulation suggesting stimulus-induced plasticity. The observed opposite stimulation-anesthetic impact was less clear in the γ-band activity (30-70 Hz). In addition, FC in slow oscillations was more sensitive to stimulation and anesthetic level than FC in γ-band activity which exhibited a rather constant spatial FC structure that was symmetric between specific, topographically related sites in V2 and PtA. Invariant networks were defined as a set of strongly connected electrode channels, which were invariant to experimental conditions. In invariant networks, stimulation decreased AIS and increasing anesthetic level increased AIS. Conversely, in non-invariant (complement) networks, stimulation did not affect AIS at low anesthetic level but increased it at high anesthetic level. The results suggest that arousal stimulation alters cortical FC and information storage as a function of anesthetic level with a prolonged effect beyond the duration of stimulation. The findings help better understand how the arousal system may influence information processing in cortical networks at different levels of anesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":12649,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1157488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10150228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9410437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Broadening our conceptual understanding of endogenous opioids in systems neuroscience.","authors":"Hugo A Tejeda,&nbsp;Nicolas Massaly,&nbsp;Gregory Corder,&nbsp;Catherine M Cahill","doi":"10.3389/fnsys.2023.1212650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2023.1212650","url":null,"abstract":"COPYRIGHT © 2023 Tejeda, Massaly, Corder and Cahill. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: Broadening our conceptual understanding of endogenous opioids in systems neuroscience","PeriodicalId":12649,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1212650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10298144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10291776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum: Electrophysiological markers of fairness and selfishness revealed by a combination of dictator and ultimatum games.","authors":"","doi":"10.3389/fnsys.2023.1186493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2023.1186493","url":null,"abstract":"[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.765720.].","PeriodicalId":12649,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1186493"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10083502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9289470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders: Physiological and molecular evidence.","authors":"Marco Cambiaghi,&nbsp;Marika Cordaro,&nbsp;Silvia Dossena,&nbsp;Salvatore Cuzzocrea,&nbsp;Mario Buffelli","doi":"10.3389/fnsys.2023.1128205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fnsys.2023.1128205","url":null,"abstract":"COPYRIGHT © 2023 Cambiaghi, Cordaro, Dossena, Cuzzocrea and Bu elli. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Editorial: Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques in neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders: Physiological and molecular evidence","PeriodicalId":12649,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience","volume":"17 ","pages":"1128205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9939818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9314002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}