Global Challenges最新文献_第2页

Pioneering an Innovative Eco-Friendly N719 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell through Modelling and Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis for Energy Sustainability 开拓创新的生态友好型N719染料敏化太阳能电池通过建模和阻抗光谱分析的能源可持续性

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500276

George G. Njema, Abderrahmane Elmelouky, Edson L. Meyer, Nassima Riouchi, Joshua K. Kibet

{"title":"Pioneering an Innovative Eco-Friendly N719 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cell through Modelling and Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis for Energy Sustainability","authors":"George G. Njema, Abderrahmane Elmelouky, Edson L. Meyer, Nassima Riouchi, Joshua K. Kibet","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500276","url":null,"abstract":"Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) have received significant interest in the photovoltaic technology because of their eco-friendly nature, affordability and flexibility. Here, this work presents a DSSC of the configuration; FTO/WO3/N719 Dye/GO/C with performance metrics – open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.1055 V, short-circuit current density (Jsc) of 22.23 mA cm−2, a fill factor (FF) of 84.65%, and a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 20.80%. The study utilizes a wide frequency range of 10−3 to 1010 Hz to examine charge transport dynamics and evaluate the electrochemical performance of the model cell. Impedance spectroscopy investigates both complex electrical impedance (Z*) and electric modulus (M*) to provide critical insights into ionic transport, charge recombination, ion migration and diffusion mechanisms within the cell. A model equivalent circuit is developed and theoretically validated by fitting experimental alternating current (AC) data to theoretical predictions, allowing the extraction of characteristic time constants for various processes. The results highlight that efficient ion conduction and rapid electron diffusion are essential for optimizing charge collection and minimizing recombination losses. Further, the study emphasizes the critical role of both series and shunt resistances across low- and high-frequency domains, establishing a strong correlation between time constant behavior and overall device efficiency.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Techno-Economic and Lifecycle Analysis of Green Colloidal Silver: Moving toward Scale-Up 绿色胶体银的技术经济和生命周期分析：走向规模化

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500263

Federico Trotta, Danielle Winning, Dea Bozhani, Seyedeh Fatemeh Mirpoor, Stella Lignou, Sameer Khalil Ghawi, Dimitris Charalampopoulos

{"title":"Techno-Economic and Lifecycle Analysis of Green Colloidal Silver: Moving toward Scale-Up","authors":"Federico Trotta, Danielle Winning, Dea Bozhani, Seyedeh Fatemeh Mirpoor, Stella Lignou, Sameer Khalil Ghawi, Dimitris Charalampopoulos","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500263","url":null,"abstract":"Silver particles (AgPs) are increasingly used across a range of industries, including personal care, household, and food packaging, but conventional synthesis methods involve high production costs and negative environmental impacts. Green synthesis using plant extracts offers a sustainable alternative, though limited comparative data on economic and environmental performance exist. This study evaluates three green methods—BX3 (a patented extract), lemon juice (LJ), and green tea (GT)—against a conventional method using sodium borohydride (NaBH₄). Equal-volume reactions are analyzed via ICP-MS, UV–vis spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering. Techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA) assessed costs and environmental impact. BX3 emerged as the most cost-effective and environmentally friendly option, producing AgPs at $13,000/kg with a 75% yield and a global warming potential of 1,900 kg CO₂-Eq/kg. In contrast, NaBH₄ yielded 7.35% at $195,000/kg, 15x more expensive than the BX3 method, and a global warming potential of 74,000 kg CO₂-Eq/kg. GT, while a green method, has the highest cost $690,000/kg, the lowest yield (1.13%), and the worst environmental impact, including a human toxicity value of 92,000 kg 1,4-DCB-Eq/kg-even surpassing the toxic NaBH₄ process. These findings highlight BX3's promise for scalable, low-impact AgP production and broader industrial use.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetite Nanoparticles Enhancing H2-Driven Biomethanation in a Mixed Microbial Community 磁铁矿纳米颗粒增强混合微生物群落中h2驱动的生物甲烷化

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-19 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500367

Matteo Tucci, Jasper I Sabangan, Carolina Cruz Viggi, Lucia Bertaccini, Francesca Iosi, Emilio D'Ugo, Daniela Uccelletti, Bruna Matturro, Andrea Firrincieli, Agnese Piacentini, Stefano Fazi, Federico Aulenta

{"title":"Magnetite Nanoparticles Enhancing H2-Driven Biomethanation in a Mixed Microbial Community","authors":"Matteo Tucci, Jasper I Sabangan, Carolina Cruz Viggi, Lucia Bertaccini, Francesca Iosi, Emilio D'Ugo, Daniela Uccelletti, Bruna Matturro, Andrea Firrincieli, Agnese Piacentini, Stefano Fazi, Federico Aulenta","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500367","url":null,"abstract":"Biological methanation is increasingly considered for biogas upgrading. Here, the supplementation of conductive magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles is investigated as a strategy to enhance H2-driven biomethanation in a mixed hydrogenotrophic methanogenic community. An enrichment culture, maintained for over 180 days in a fill-and-draw anaerobic bioreactor under H2/CO2 feeding, is used to inoculate batch microcosms containing 0, 1.25, and 2.5 gFe L−1 of magnetite. Magnetite addition resulted in a dose-dependent increase in maximum methane production rates—up to 13-fold compared to controls—and sustained high hydrogen-to-methane conversion yields (78–107%). 16S rRNA gene sequencing reveals that archaeal community composition remained dominated by hydrogenotrophic Methanobrevibacter and Methanobacterium spp., whereas bacterial populations shifted from acetogenic Sporomusa and Acetobacterium spp. toward H2-oxidizing Paracoccus and Thauera spp. at higher magnetite concentrations. Electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X‑ray spectroscopy show that magnetite nanoparticles formed conductive networks bridging microbial cells, and fluorescence in situ hybridization confirmed co-localization of methanogens and Paracoccus within these aggregates. The findings support a direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) mechanism facilitated by magnetite, whereby Paracoccus spp. oxidize H2 and shuttle electrons to methanogens, accelerating biomethanation. These results highlight the potential of magnetite-mediated DIET to improve power-to-methane processes and advance biogas upgrading technologies.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500367","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Techno-Economic and Profitability Assessment of Stand-Alone Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation Technology 独立光电化学制氢技术的技术经济和效益评价

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-17 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500293

Debby Chun-Ting Yang, David Adner, Marko Turek, Christian Hagendorf, Chun-Nan Chen

{"title":"Techno-Economic and Profitability Assessment of Stand-Alone Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation Technology","authors":"Debby Chun-Ting Yang, David Adner, Marko Turek, Christian Hagendorf, Chun-Nan Chen","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500293","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogen production from renewable energy sources without CO2 emissions forms a fundamental pillar of the emerging hydrogen-based economy. Hydrogen technologies demonstrate significant potential for energy storage and integration across chemical and materials industries. Direct solar-to-hydrogen (STH) conversion via photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is technologically feasible but has not yet been commercialized. A techno-economic and financial viability assessment is performed on stand-alone PEC reactors operating in Germany. A detailed cost structure of the photoelectrochemical reactor is carried out. The total cost of the PEC reactor with a 500 cm2 active area is ≈€94.19 based on experimental data. The levelized cost of hydrogen for an off-grid PEC system in Munich is calculated as €83.71/kg, assuming a 5% STH efficiency. The sensitivity analysis highlights hydrogen production and lifetime as key factors, with hydrogen production determined by STH efficiency and solar irradiance. Upscaling scenarios indicate that achieving a target hydrogen cost of €2/kg is feasible by extending the reactor lifetime to 20 years, reaching 20% STH efficiency, reducing initial capital expenditure by 80%, and securing favorable capital structure with a weighted average cost of capital of 10% or lower. The findings highlight how scaling can support the financial feasibility of PEC hydrogen production.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500293","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Sapovirus in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis 萨波病毒在中国的流行和基因型分布：系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202400369

Zhao Gao, Xiu-jie Qin, Ting-jun Li, Xue-qiang Sun, Hui Zhang, Shan-shan Pan, Ting-ting Qiu

{"title":"Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Sapovirus in China: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Zhao Gao, Xiu-jie Qin, Ting-jun Li, Xue-qiang Sun, Hui Zhang, Shan-shan Pan, Ting-ting Qiu","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202400369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202400369","url":null,"abstract":"Sapovirus is gaining recognition as a significant non-bacterial causative agent of acute gastroenteritis globally, contributing to both sporadic cases and outbreaks across all age groups. In China, it is identified as the second most prevalent pathogen responsible for acute gastroenteritis outbreaks, following norovirus, which underscores its public health importance. Consequently, an extensive systematic review and meta-analysis are undertaken to evaluate the prevalence and genotype distribution of sapovirus among patients presenting with acute gastroenteritis. This analysis incorporated 159 eligible studies spanning 32 provinces in China. The estimated overall prevalence of sapovirus is 1.9% (95% CI: 1.7–2.2), with an asymptomatic prevalence of 0.8% (95% CI: 0–2.5). Notably, in outbreak settings, the respective prevalence rates increase substantially to 16.4% (95% CI: 10.1–23.8) and 14.4% (95% CI: 8.9–20.7). Furthermore, these findings reveal that sapovirus GI genomes predominated in both sporadic and outbreak contexts, with genotypes GI.1, GI.2, and GII.1 being most frequently identified. These insights are crucial for enabling governments to accurately assess disease burden, inform the development of targeted vaccines, and establish evidence-based public health policies and emergency response strategies to mitigate sapovirus outbreaks.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202400369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Institutional Design of Scientific Advisory Boards on Climate Change: A Comparison at the Intergovernmental, Supranational, and National Level 气候变化科学咨询委员会的制度设计：政府间、超国家和国家层面的比较

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202400371

Helena Seibicke

{"title":"The Institutional Design of Scientific Advisory Boards on Climate Change: A Comparison at the Intergovernmental, Supranational, and National Level","authors":"Helena Seibicke","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202400371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202400371","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the institutional design of scientific advisory bodies (SABs) on climate change across three levels of governance: intergovernmental Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), national (UK's Climate Change Committee (CCC)), and supranational (European Scientific Advisory Board on Climate Change – ESABCC). Drawing on original empirical data and comparative analysis, the paper examines how institutional features (mandate, composition, autonomy, capacity, and knowledge provision) shape the potential roles and influence of these bodies in climate governance. The ESABCC, established in 2021, represents a novel institutional innovation within the EU's climate policy architecture. As the first supranational advisory body of its kind, it navigates a complex political space, balancing scientific independence with embeddedness in European Union's (EU) policymaking structures. Through a comparative lens, the analysis shows that while all three bodies aim to provide credible scientific input, their design reflects different governance logics and degrees of proximity to policy. The paper argues that institutional design is a critical determinant of how effectively SABs contribute to legitimate, evidence-informed climate policy. By mapping the ESABCC's position within the EU's multi-level governance framework, the study highlights its evolving role and outlines the implications for the broader use of expert knowledge in turbulent policy environments.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202400371","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ferrihydrite Supported on Steel Slags as Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes: A Virtuous Cycle of Wastes 钢渣负载水合铁催化硝基芳烃加氢：废弃物的良性循环

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500201

Francesca Derobertis, Maria M. Dell'Anna, Nicoletta Ditaranto, Luca Nodari, Stefania Liuzzi, Ernesto Mesto, Emanuela Schingaro, Cristina Leonelli, Cecilia Mortalò, Antonino Rizzuti, Carlo Porfido, Piero Mastrorilli

{"title":"Ferrihydrite Supported on Steel Slags as Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes: A Virtuous Cycle of Wastes","authors":"Francesca Derobertis, Maria M. Dell'Anna, Nicoletta Ditaranto, Luca Nodari, Stefania Liuzzi, Ernesto Mesto, Emanuela Schingaro, Cristina Leonelli, Cecilia Mortalò, Antonino Rizzuti, Carlo Porfido, Piero Mastrorilli","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500201","url":null,"abstract":"This study deals with the reduction reaction of nitroarenes using hydrazine monohydrate as the reducing agent and iron-supported steel slag as a novel green heterogeneous catalyst. Steel slag is a byproduct of the steel industry, which, due to its alkalinity, can act as a reactive support that can trigger the formation of catalytically active iron oxides/hydroxides. A systematic study is conducted to evaluate the catalytic activity of steel slags modified with the following salts (or mixtures): FeSO4·7H2O, FeCl3·6H2O, and FeCl2·4H2O. The modified steel slags are characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, nitrogen sorption analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All iron-supporting steel slags demonstrate active behavior in the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene at 80 °C with the best results, in terms of activity, selectivity, and recyclability achieved with the catalyst prepared from FeCl3·6H2O (Fe3). The scalability of the reaction is confirmed by carrying out a test on 12.5 mmol of substrate. The superiority of Fe3 compared with the other studied materials is ascribed to its morphology and the remarkably high surficial area. The iron species active in the Fe3 catalyst are noncrystalline oxo–hydroxo species of Fe(III) (2L-ferrihydrite).","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500201","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Standards and Regulations for Battery Management Systems in Germany: Review and Improvement Potentials 德国电池管理系统的标准和法规：回顾和改进潜力

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500129

Dilane Dongmo Tadoum, Franziska Berger, Florian Krause, David Wasylowski, Florian Ringbeck, Weihan Li, Dirk Uwe Sauer

{"title":"Standards and Regulations for Battery Management Systems in Germany: Review and Improvement Potentials","authors":"Dilane Dongmo Tadoum, Franziska Berger, Florian Krause, David Wasylowski, Florian Ringbeck, Weihan Li, Dirk Uwe Sauer","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500129","url":null,"abstract":"Battery performance and safety heavily depend on battery management systems (BMS), which monitor and control them during operation. Given its crucial role, a BMS should meet several requirements in functionality, performance, robustness, and reliability, often defined in standards and regulations. Considering rapid technological advancements in batteries, updating these requirements is essential to reflect growing system complexity. Therefore, this study reviews current standards and regulations for BMSs in Germany, a key player in the global battery sector. It distinguishes between functional and non-functional, as well as qualitative and quantitative requirements. The review finds that most existing standards focus on qualitative aspects and lack measurable benchmarks, particularly for critical BMS functions like state monitoring and energy management. To address this, this study proposes improvement suggestions and highlights the need for consistent definitions and performance requirements, especially for the state of charge (SoC) and state of health (SoH). It also identifies emerging challenges, such as second-life batteries, BMS, and cloud BMS as important areas for future standards. By mapping standards to BMS functions and identifying gaps, this work offers valuable guidance for improving BMS performance, interoperability, and safety.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Different Methods for Eco-Friendly Wool Dyeing with Natural Carmine Dye and Waste Wool Hydrolysates 探索利用天然胭脂红染料和废羊毛水解物对羊毛进行环保染色的不同方法

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500165

Roberta Peila, Maria Laura Tummino

{"title":"Exploring Different Methods for Eco-Friendly Wool Dyeing with Natural Carmine Dye and Waste Wool Hydrolysates","authors":"Roberta Peila, Maria Laura Tummino","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500165","url":null,"abstract":"Waste wool hydrolysates (WWHs), a by-product originating from the alkaline hydrolysis of waste wool, are recovered and employed as auxiliaries in wool dyeing. In view of an eco-friendly dyeing procedure, a natural dye, Carmine, is selected to dye wool fabrics. Different methodologies for performing the dyeing process are described. In the first procedure, the wool fabrics are pretreated with a water suspension of the WWHs at room temperature, left overnight, and then cured at 180 °C. In the second procedure, the wool fabrics are immersed in the WWH's suspension at 100 °C, dried in an oven, and subsequently dyed through the exhaustion method. In the last procedure, the WWHs are added directly to the dyeing liquor. Dye exhaustion, color coordinates, and K/S are measured to evaluate the dyeing efficiency. The dyed fabrics are also characterized in terms of thermal, chemical, mechanical and morphological properties. The results demonstrate that the WWHs are efficient alternatives to metal-based mordants in assisting wool dyeing with Carmine dye. The evidence of non-significant damages to fabrics as a consequence of the chosen treatment conditions further supports the possibility of WWH valorization in textile industries as a by-product that otherwise would represent a waste to dispose of.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Carbon Footprint Study of Self-Monitoring Vs. Continuous Monitoring of Blood Glucose 自我监测与连续监测血糖的碳足迹比较研究

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500118

Aida Hosseinian, Annika Johansson, Jaakko Karvonen, Ari Nissinen, Atte Pitkänen, Laura Sokka

{"title":"Comparative Carbon Footprint Study of Self-Monitoring Vs. Continuous Monitoring of Blood Glucose","authors":"Aida Hosseinian, Annika Johansson, Jaakko Karvonen, Ari Nissinen, Atte Pitkänen, Laura Sokka","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500118","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is an increasingly important problem, and efficient mitigation requires actions in all fields. While the impact of individual medical devices is small, the total impact of all the devices is large, and their use is also growing with the increasing elderly population. Therefore, it is urgent that this study improves knowledge of the impacts of the production and use of medical devices to find ways to decrease them. This study examines the carbon footprint of two prevalent blood glucose monitoring methods for diabetes management: self-monitoring of blood glucose and continuous glucose monitoring systems. Using cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment, the carbon footprint of six different devices across both techniques is evaluated. Components of these devices are disassembled, weighed, and the different plastic parts are chemically analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to accurately quantify their material composition. The results of this study show that the carbon footprint of self-monitoring devices is generally lower compared to continuous glucose monitoring devices, unless the testing frequency of the glucose level is higher than normal, or the device is used for shorter than average periods. The primary contributors to the carbon footprint of self-monitoring devices are disposable strips and lancets. Regarding the continuous method, a major part of the carbon footprint is attributed to the plastic material and the instruction leaflet. This research provides important insights for product manufacturers, policymakers, healthcare providers, and individuals with diabetes, for more environmentally conscious choices in diabetes management technologies.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500118","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0