Global Challenges最新文献

Global Warming and Type 2 Diabetes: Sex and Gender as Drivers in a Multidimensional Feedback Loop. 全球变暖和2型糖尿病：性别和社会性别在多维反馈循环中的驱动作用。

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-10-18 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70140

Massimo D'Archivio, Giulia Zanchi, Alessia Tammaro, Roberta Masella, Claudia Cataldo

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Correction to "Characteristics and Material Flows of Diary Packaging in Municipal Solid Waste: A Case Study of Plastic Yoghurt Cups in Vienna". 更正“城市固体废物中乳制品包装的特征和物质流动：以维也纳塑料酸奶杯为例”。

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-10-18 eCollection Date: 2026-10-01 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70169

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Laser-Induced Graphene-Based Resistive Leaf Wetness Sensors for Pesticide Spray Deposition 激光诱导的基于石墨烯的电阻叶片湿度传感器用于农药喷雾沉积

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-10-15 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70165

Nathan M. Jared, Kristi K. Bez, Roham G. Goudarzi, Griffin Ellis, Krishangee Bez, Emily A. Smith, Jonathan C. Claussen

{"title":"Laser-Induced Graphene-Based Resistive Leaf Wetness Sensors for Pesticide Spray Deposition","authors":"Nathan M. Jared, Kristi K. Bez, Roham G. Goudarzi, Griffin Ellis, Krishangee Bez, Emily A. Smith, Jonathan C. Claussen","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70165","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring pesticide spray deposition across crop canopies requires low-cost sensors capable of quantifying deposition through leaf wetness, yet carbon-based resistive leaf wetness sensors (LWS) have not been benchmarked against commercial systems. Here, we demonstrate a scalable resistive laser-induced graphene (LIG) LWS patterned as an interdigitated electrode for pesticide spray monitoring. The sensor achieved normalized wetness values of 0.15, 1.79, and 2.66% cm−2 after 1, 2, and 5 s of spraying, compared with 0.18, 1.26, and 1.91% cm−2 for a commercial Onset LWS, indicating greater sensitivity at longer exposures. Calibration followed a formulation-dependent power-law relationship between resistance and deposited volume. Across three independently fabricated sensors, the selected double-lased 0.7 mm IDE produced a reproducible tap-water calibration, with A = 45.167 ± 1.841, n = −0.957 ± 0.021, and R2 = 0.9921. Short-term stability depended on solution and environment, with tap-water calibration changing only 1.5% under greenhouse conditions and 6.3% outdoors after three days, while pesticide formulations exhibited greater drift. Repeated pesticide exposure also caused formulation-dependent drift, indicating that formulation-specific calibration and deployment protocols are required. Overall, the low-cost, scalable LIG LWS offers a promising platform for distributed pesticide spray monitoring and precision agriculture.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Biointegrative Design (BinD): An Interdisciplinary Paradigm for Sustainable Biohybrid Systems 生物整合设计（BinD）：可持续生物混合系统的跨学科范式

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70168

Aslan Miriyev

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Biointegrative Design (BinD): An Interdisciplinary Paradigm for Sustainable Biohybrid Systems 生物整合设计（BinD）：可持续生物混合系统的跨学科范式

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70162

Aslan Miriyev

{"title":"Biointegrative Design (BinD): An Interdisciplinary Paradigm for Sustainable Biohybrid Systems","authors":"Aslan Miriyev","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70162","url":null,"abstract":"The expansion of robotics and automation has been accompanied by increasing accumulations of e-waste and other persistent materials in natural environments. Biohybrid systems, which combine synthetic components with living matter, offer a fundamentally different path grounded in biodegradability and the zero-footprint approach. Existing design approaches often produce predefined structures that fail to leverage the dynamic capabilities of living matter. Treating growth, regeneration, and adaptation as intrinsic design variables changes how biohybrid systems are conceived, integrated, and fabricated from the outset. Here, Biointegrative Ddesign (BinD) is proposed as a design paradigm in which biological dynamics are intrinsic variables. Comprising four main stages—bioconceptualization, living subsystem design, supporting subsystem design, and integration and prefabrication—BinD constitutes a continuous, iterative design process. This article shows how BinD crosses disciplinary boundaries to chart a path toward living machines that grow, adapt, and degrade, while transforming fabrication processes, application areas, and business models. It also outlines a universal blueprint for the institutional shifts needed to support BinD and other emerging interdisciplinary paradigms. Together, these contributions lay the groundwork for sustainable engineered systems that align their entire life cycle, from fabrication to degradation, with the natural environment.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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A Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Sustainable All-Cellulose Composites Using Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid 咪唑基离子液体可持续全纤维素复合材料从摇篮到大门的生命周期评估

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70167

Guanyi Chen, Keeran Ward, Daniel L. Baker, Diego Freire Ordóñez, Michael E. Ries

{"title":"A Cradle-to-Gate Life Cycle Assessment of Sustainable All-Cellulose Composites Using Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquid","authors":"Guanyi Chen, Keeran Ward, Daniel L. Baker, Diego Freire Ordóñez, Michael E. Ries","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70167","url":null,"abstract":"All-cellulose composites (ACCs) are single-component bio-based green composites made from cellulose, enabling simplified recycling because ACCs have no chemical incompatibility between their matrix and reinforcement fibers. Yet, few life cycle assessment (LCA) studies have examined environmental performance of ACCs. This study assessed the ACC sustainability through a cradle-to-gate LCA following the ISO 14040: 2006 framework. ACCs were produced via cellulose dissolution in either stand-alone ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIM OAc) or with its co-solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). DMSO served as a co-solvent to reduce the EMIM OAc viscosity and improve cellulose dissolution. The E60D40 solvent (60 wt.% EMIM OAc, 40 wt.% DMSO) exhibited the lowest global warming potential (GWP) at 0.25 kg CO2 eq/FU, whereas the E20D80 had the highest at 0.75 kg CO2 eq/FU, exceeding stand-alone EMIM OAc (0.33 kg CO2 eq/FU), where FU is the equivalent mass of ACCs. Human health, ecosystem quality, and resource scarcity impacts ranged from 5.06 × 10−7–1.56 × 10−6 DALY/FU, 1.15 × 10−9–3.94 × 10−9 species.yr/FU, and 2.70 × 10−2–8.20 × 10−2 USD2013/FU, respectively across different solvent scenarios. These findings illustrate that ACC development can be made more sustainable with DMSO's influence over pure EMIM OAc type solvent formulations.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70167","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149083936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Efficient Adsorptive Removal of Methyl Violet Dye from Wastewater Using Functionalized Groundnut Shell Biochar: Application, Mechanism, Modeling, and Optimization Study 功能化花生壳生物炭高效吸附去除废水中的甲基紫染料：应用、机理、建模和优化研究。

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-09-28 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70161

Md. Asik Uzzaman Asa, Md. Mahmudur Rahman, Jubayer Ahmed, Bijoy Chandra Ghos, Salah Knani, Mustafizur Rahman Naim, Reem Alreshidi, Md. Ismail Hossain

{"title":"Efficient Adsorptive Removal of Methyl Violet Dye from Wastewater Using Functionalized Groundnut Shell Biochar: Application, Mechanism, Modeling, and Optimization Study","authors":"Md. Asik Uzzaman Asa, Md. Mahmudur Rahman, Jubayer Ahmed, Bijoy Chandra Ghos, Salah Knani, Mustafizur Rahman Naim, Reem Alreshidi, Md. Ismail Hossain","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70161","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.70161","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation focuses on the abatement of methyl violet (MV) dye from industrial effluents using the deployment of functionalized biochar prepared from methanol-extracted groundnut shell residue. The biochar was functionalized by 30% tartaric acid(C4H4O6) to boost the surface functionality and adsorption performance. It was determined by conducting SEM, FTIR, XRD, and ZP analysis that a porous structure was developed with high concentrations of oxygen-carrying functional groups and favorable surface charge qualities. Batch adsorption studies were designed to evaluate the effect of influential parameters on the removal performance. The equilibrium behavior was successfully interpreted using several mathematical models. The maximum adsorption capacity was found ∼88.57 mg/g. The kinetic and thermodynamic evaluation revealed that both pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models closely represent the experimental data, suggesting that the adsorption behavior arises from multiple interacting synergistic pathways rather than a single dominant mechanism, and the adsorption proceeds spontaneously, followed by an endothermic process. Additionally, the Box-Behnken and experimental designs were used to show that the system is highly sensitive to the relationship between operational parameters. The results, when combined, reveal that the FGNB biochar derived from secondary waste biomass provides a possible solution to dye-contaminated wastewater treatment that is economically feasible and eco-friendly.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Hybrid NiMn-LDHs as Active Materials for Electro-Oxidation of Organic Pollutants 混合NiMn-LDHs作为有机污染物电氧化活性材料

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-09-25 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70155

Keyvan Mirehbar, Javier Llorente-López, Alvaro Seijas-Da Silva, Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández, Petra Batinić, Paula Porawski, Miguel García-Tecedor, Víctor A. de la Peña O'Shea, Jesús Palma, Gonzalo Abellán, Julio J. Lado

{"title":"Hybrid NiMn-LDHs as Active Materials for Electro-Oxidation of Organic Pollutants","authors":"Keyvan Mirehbar, Javier Llorente-López, Alvaro Seijas-Da Silva, Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández, Petra Batinić, Paula Porawski, Miguel García-Tecedor, Víctor A. de la Peña O'Shea, Jesús Palma, Gonzalo Abellán, Julio J. Lado","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70155","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical oxidation of phenol is a promising route for sustainable treatment of wastewater containing toxic aromatic pollutants, but its practical application is limited by sluggish kinetics and competing anodic side reactions. Here, we report NiMn-based layered double hydroxide electrocatalysts (NiMn-LDH) that enhance phenol degradation under mild electrochemical conditions. Mn incorporation into the LDH structure provides accessible higher oxidation states, improving redox flexibility, promoting hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation, and suppressing the competing oxygen evolution reaction. Three variants, NiMn-LDH-CNT, NiMn-LDH-CMC, and NiMn-LDH-Tris, were synthesized to assess the influence of conductive additives and synthesis media. The CNT-supported catalyst showed the highest activity, achieving >95% phenol removal within minutes at current densities up to 20 mA cm−2, while maintaining a nearly constant cell voltage over approximately 200 h of operation. High removal efficiencies, ca. 90%, were retained even when the Na2SO4 concentration was decreased from 100 to 1 mM and under synthetic wastewater conditions, confirming system robustness. The optimized NiMn-LDH electrocatalyst was further integrated as the anode in a hybrid cell coupling phenol oxidation with CO2 reduction at a Cu/CuO cathode, enabling simultaneous wastewater remediation and CO2 conversion to value-added hydrocarbons.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70155","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Influence of Micro-Scale Surface Texturing on Light Distribution From Luminescent Downshifting Layers for Next-Generation Greenhouses 微尺度表面纹理对下一代温室降移层光分布的影响

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-09-25 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70163

Juvet N. Fru, Boris Breiner, Monica S. Saavedra, Stephanie Sheppard, Bryce S. Richards

{"title":"Influence of Micro-Scale Surface Texturing on Light Distribution From Luminescent Downshifting Layers for Next-Generation Greenhouses","authors":"Juvet N. Fru, Boris Breiner, Monica S. Saavedra, Stephanie Sheppard, Bryce S. Richards","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70163","url":null,"abstract":"Luminescent downshifting (LDS) layers in greenhouses modify the photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) spectrum to enhance plant growth, with surface texturing enabling a critical role in improving downward light extraction. The 3 mm-thick LDS layers incorporate two different dyes (Lumogen F Red 305 and Eu-coordination complex) and six micro-structures (cones, square pyramids, cylinders, half-cylinders, domes, and prisms) are systematically optimised to maximise downward-extracted (DE) efficiency of both converted red luminescence and unconverted (not absorbed by luminophores) sunlight. Monte Carlo ray-tracing simulations model small-area (25 cm2) and infinite-area LDS layers and their integration into a 10 × 4 × 2 m greenhouse. The highest DE efficiency (65%) occurs in the infinite LDS layers containing bottom-indented cylinders with an aspect ratio (AR) of 0.9. These results emphasise the importance of moving beyond small-area LDS layer performance to determine the amount of red light (converted luminescence as well as unconverted sunlight) that reaches the floor of a full-scale greenhouse, defined here as the red enhancement fraction (REF). The REF is maximised for a greenhouse containing Lumogen F Red 305 in Karlsruhe in winter (70%) using top-indented domes and bottom-indented cylinders (AR = 0.2), while smaller gains are made in summer (22%) and in spring/autumn (35%).","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70163","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149048280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Graphene Oxide-Supported Chromium-Containing Polyoxometalate as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Nitroarene Reduction Under Mild Conditions 氧化石墨烯负载含铬多金属氧酸盐作为温和条件下硝基arene还原的高效非均相催化剂。

IF 7.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-09-22 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70159

Maryam Khalaji-Verjani, Majid Masteri-Farahani, Alireza Badiei, Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani, Senem Akkoc, Mehran Feizi-Dehnayebi

{"title":"Graphene Oxide-Supported Chromium-Containing Polyoxometalate as an Efficient Heterogeneous Catalyst for Nitroarene Reduction Under Mild Conditions","authors":"Maryam Khalaji-Verjani, Majid Masteri-Farahani, Alireza Badiei, Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani, Senem Akkoc, Mehran Feizi-Dehnayebi","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70159","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.70159","url":null,"abstract":"Selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes is a valuable organic reaction that has attracted significant interest from researchers in recent years. Herein, a new nanocomposite (GO@POM-Cr) was prepared via an electrostatic assembly method. The surface of graphene oxide (GO) was modified with ammonium groups, and the chromium-containing polyoxomolybdate anion, Na4[PCr(H2O)Mo11O39] (POM-Cr), was subsequently immobilized on GO as the counter anion to the ammonium cation through a simple ion-exchange process. The Fourier- transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy confirmed the successful immobilization of POM-Cr, with the P-Oa peak at ∼1118 cm−1 appearing as a single, unsplit band, directly evidencing chromium incorporation into the Keggin framework. The surface properties of GO@POM-Cr were further investigated using Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, and elemental analysis. Remarkably, the GO@POM-Cr nanocomposite demonstrated high catalytic efficiency for nitroarene reduction (99% conversion) under mild reaction conditions. The reactions were performed in ethanol as a green solvent in the presence of hydrazine hydrate as the reducing agent. Mechanistic investigations suggested that the reduction proceeds via a direct pathway involving nitroso and hydroxylamine intermediates, affording the corresponding anilines with excellent selectivity and catalyst stability over multiple reaction cycles.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13598426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0