Global Challenges最新文献

Advanced Nuclear Energy Pathways for a Net-Zero World: Fuel Cycles, Reactors, and Policy Readiness. 迈向零净世界的先进核能之路：燃料循环、反应堆和政策准备。

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-04-29 eCollection Date: 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70110

Reda A Haggam, Ravikumar Jayabal, Sekar S, Manikandan Ayyar, Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar, Santhamoorthy M, Saravanan Rajendran, Shanmugapriya D, Rajkumar Sivanraju

{"title":"Advanced Nuclear Energy Pathways for a Net-Zero World: Fuel Cycles, Reactors, and Policy Readiness.","authors":"Reda A Haggam, Ravikumar Jayabal, Sekar S, Manikandan Ayyar, Manzoore Elahi M Soudagar, Santhamoorthy M, Saravanan Rajendran, Shanmugapriya D, Rajkumar Sivanraju","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70110","url":null,"abstract":"This review examines the contributions of alternative nuclear fuels and advanced reactor technologies to enhancing the sustainability, safety, and resource efficiency of nuclear energy systems during the transition to a low-carbon future. A thorough synthesis of the existing literature was undertaken, with an emphasis on Thorium-based fuels, uranium-233, minor actinides, and innovative reactor configurations encompassing molten salt reactors (MSRs), small modular reactors (SMRs), and fast breeder reactors (FBRs). The investigation integrates various dimensions, including technical performance metrics, fuel cycle attributes, environmental ramifications, and pertinent global policy frameworks. MSRs exhibit thermal efficiencies exceeding 45% while incorporating online reprocessing capabilities, whereas SMRs provide advantages in modular deployment and intrinsic safety features. FBRs facilitate closed fuel cycles and the transmutation of long-lived isotopes. Lifecycle emissions consistently remain below 12-20 gCO2e/kWh. Empirical case studies from India, China, and the United States substantiate this field's technical readiness and regulatory progress. Advanced fuel compositions and reactor systems offer a plausible trajectory toward sustainable nuclear energy. The achievement of this potential is contingent upon the evolution of contemporary regulatory frameworks, active public engagement, and adequate financial mechanisms. Integrating technology, policy, and public trust is essential to making nuclear energy a key pillar of global decarbonization.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 ","pages":"e70110"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13128538/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous Laser Reduction of Sn/Sb Salts and Graphene Formation as Innovative Anode Material for Li- and Na-Ion Batteries. 激光同时还原Sn/Sb盐和石墨烯形成作为Li和na离子电池的创新负极材料。

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-04-29 eCollection Date: 2026-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500356

Vincenzo Vezzoni, Michele Setti, Giacomo Magnani, Laura Fornasini, Silvio Scaravonati, Alessia Rinaldi, Niyaz Ahmad, Lorenzo Pasetti, Danilo Bersani, Giovanni Bertoni, Michele Sidoli, Gioele Genovese, Mauro Riccò, Daniele Pontiroli

{"title":"Simultaneous Laser Reduction of Sn/Sb Salts and Graphene Formation as Innovative Anode Material for Li- and Na-Ion Batteries.","authors":"Vincenzo Vezzoni, Michele Setti, Giacomo Magnani, Laura Fornasini, Silvio Scaravonati, Alessia Rinaldi, Niyaz Ahmad, Lorenzo Pasetti, Danilo Bersani, Giovanni Bertoni, Michele Sidoli, Gioele Genovese, Mauro Riccò, Daniele Pontiroli","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500356","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing demand for portable electronics and electric vehicles has made the development of advanced electrochemical energy storage systems essential. Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which predominantly use graphite anodes, face limitations in capacity and performance at high current rates. As a result, alternative anode materials such as tin (Sn) and antimony (Sb) have gained attention for both LIBs and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as well, due to their high theoretical capacity. However, their practical application is hindered by significant volume expansion during cycling, leading to electrode degradation. This study presents a novel approach to improve the stability and performance of Sn and Sb anodes by incorporating them into a laser-induced graphene (LIG) matrix. LIG was synthesized via laser ablation of a polyimide precursor mixed with metal-salt precursors, directly onto a copper current collector, enabling the in situ formation of Sn and Sb metallic nanoparticles (NPs) and SnSb alloy NPs, embedded in a few graphene layers. The localized high-temperature generated by the laser facilitated nanoparticle formation while simultaneously creating a protective carbon shell around the NPs, mitigating volume expansion and enhancing electrochemical stability. Electrochemical testing demonstrated that the LIG-metal composites exhibited superior performance compared to bare LIG in both LIB and SIB. LIG-Sn composite achieved the specific capacity of 380 mAh g-1 in LIBs and 155 mAh g-1 in SIBs after 80 and 50 cycles, respectively. These results highlight the potential of LIG-based Sn and Sb composites as scalable, binder-free anode materials for next-generation rechargeable batteries.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 ","pages":"e00356"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13128972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Decadal Evolution of Atmospheric Sulfate and Nitrate and Its Potential Link to Energy Restructuring: A Case Study in Guangdong Province, China. 大气硫酸盐和硝酸盐的年代际演变及其与能源结构的潜在联系——以广东省为例

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-04-25 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70108

Haohao Wang, Qing Chen, Kangan Shu, Jinqing Luo, Liu Yang

{"title":"Decadal Evolution of Atmospheric Sulfate and Nitrate and Its Potential Link to Energy Restructuring: A Case Study in Guangdong Province, China.","authors":"Haohao Wang, Qing Chen, Kangan Shu, Jinqing Luo, Liu Yang","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70108","url":null,"abstract":"The global shift toward renewable energy and the wide adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to mitigate a series of global environmental concerns, while few studies have focused on their contribution to reducing PM2.5 concentrations. This study investigates the temporal evolution of secondary inorganic aerosols (SAIs, sulfate and nitrate) and their gaseous precursors (SO2 and NO2) in Guangdong from 2014 to 2024. By integrating multisource datasets, including air pollutant monitoring, aerosol chemical composition, energy use, and EV statistics, this study quantifies the contributions of coal consumption reduction and clean energy growth to SO2 mitigation, and further examines the association between transportation electrification and NO2 decline. Meanwhile, the changes in the sulfate-to-nitrate ratio and aerosol acidity are also analyzed, highlighting the role of evolving atmospheric chemistry in shaping PM2.5 composition and guiding future emission control strategies.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 ","pages":"e70108"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147769491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biobased Random Copolymers From Furandicarboxylic Acid Isomers: Proof of Concept for an Integrated Biorefinery Approach Toward Outstanding Sustainable Food Packaging. 来自呋喃二甲酸异构体的生物基无规共聚物：对杰出可持续食品包装的综合生物精炼方法的概念证明。

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-04-24 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202600003

Enrico Bianchi, Giulia Guidotti, Michelina Soccio, Valentina Siracusa, Shanmugam Thiyagarajan, Nadia Lotti

{"title":"Biobased Random Copolymers From Furandicarboxylic Acid Isomers: Proof of Concept for an Integrated Biorefinery Approach Toward Outstanding Sustainable Food Packaging.","authors":"Enrico Bianchi, Giulia Guidotti, Michelina Soccio, Valentina Siracusa, Shanmugam Thiyagarajan, Nadia Lotti","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202600003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202600003","url":null,"abstract":"This work explored the industrial potential of an alternative green synthetic route to obtain 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA) via a Henkel-type disproportionation reaction developed by Thiyagarajan et al., meant to produce furan, and up to 30% of 2,4-furandicarboxylic acid (2,4-FDCA), a structural isomer of 2,5-FDCA. Linear glycols were combined with FDCA isomers from the Henkel-type reaction to synthesize three fully biobased random copolymers: 2,5-2,4-PTF, 2,5-2,4-PBF, 2,5-2,4-PHF. These copolymers were compression molded and subjected to NMR, viscometry, WAXS, DSC, and TGA analyses. Evidence suggested the formation of a partially ordered phase in 2,5-2,4-PHF. Mechanical and gas barrier properties of the synthesized copolymers were remarkably superior to the ones of both the reference homopolymers, with increased toughness, elongation at break and resistance to humidity. Interestingly, humidity improved the gas barrier performance of 2,5-2,4-PBF, making it impermeable to CO2. These findings highlighted the potential of these furan-based copolyesters for the production of mono-material, potentially recyclable, and sustainable food packaging. These achievements represented promising proof of concept for an integrated biorefinery and polymerization process, designed to: 1) Completely avoid the use of solvents; 2) Start from second-generation biomass; 3) Have high carbon efficiency and few purification steps.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 ","pages":"e00003"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147769465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recent Advances in the Fabrication of Structural Nanocellulose-Loaded Functionalized Biochar-Based Biopolymeric Nanocomposites for Industrial Wastewater Treatment by Continuous Adsorption With Modeling: A Cutting-Edge Review. 结构纳米纤维素负载功能化生物炭基生物聚合物纳米复合材料的制备及其连续吸附处理工业废水的研究进展

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-04-24 eCollection Date: 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70107

Md Mahmudur Rahman, M Mohinur Rahman Rabby, G M Musfiq Ismam, Md Khalid Al Zuhanee, Salah Knani, Reem Alreshidi, Faisal Ahmed Naiem

{"title":"Recent Advances in the Fabrication of Structural Nanocellulose-Loaded Functionalized Biochar-Based Biopolymeric Nanocomposites for Industrial Wastewater Treatment by Continuous Adsorption With Modeling: A Cutting-Edge Review.","authors":"Md Mahmudur Rahman, M Mohinur Rahman Rabby, G M Musfiq Ismam, Md Khalid Al Zuhanee, Salah Knani, Reem Alreshidi, Faisal Ahmed Naiem","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.70107","url":null,"abstract":"Production of multifunctional bionanoadsorbents from agrowaste/plant biomass-derived CNC/FBC by developing an economic/environmentally friendly technology for bulk-scale wastewater treatment is a critical issue. Every moment, a massive amount of hazardous effluent is expelled from several large/medium/small-scale industries directly into the environment, which can destroy the ecological balance/public security. Hence, in this overview, several advanced production techniques have been proposed addressing the effective fabrication of CNC-FBC-based bionanoadsorbents that could be beneficial in wastewater treatment for their outstanding properties, structural purity, and upgradation. Moreover, numerous potential characterization techniques, beneficial mode of application, and synergistic mechanism including chemical adsorption due to strong interaction, both monolayer/multi-layer physical adsorption due to weak interaction, interparticular diffusion/deep penetration due to higher surface area, mesoporous microstructure with pore tube/canal of the considered bionanocomposites have been suggested for a better understanding about the scope, significance, applicability, and selectivity. However, the CNC-FBC bionanocomposites could be more selective and beneficial than others because of their low cost, higher efficiency, greater stability, structural purity, highly dense binding sites, negative surface charge, and reusability. This review also offers the modification techniques and mathematical modeling for enhanced prediction of the experimental BTC curve and actual route adsorption by detecting the reaction kinetics/thermodynamics/isotherms and energy interpretation.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 ","pages":"e70107"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13107170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147769523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatio-Temporal Modeling of Land-Use/Land-Cover Change and Land Surface Temperature Using SVM and CA–Markov in Dilla Town, Ethiopia 基于SVM和CA-Markov的埃塞俄比亚Dilla镇土地利用/土地覆被变化与地表温度时空模型

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-04-10 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70103

Tsion Ayalew Kebede, Wondimu Haimanote Gebremariam, Hiwot Yitayew Bogale, Talema Moged Reda, Muralitharan Jothimani

{"title":"Spatio-Temporal Modeling of Land-Use/Land-Cover Change and Land Surface Temperature Using SVM and CA–Markov in Dilla Town, Ethiopia","authors":"Tsion Ayalew Kebede, Wondimu Haimanote Gebremariam, Hiwot Yitayew Bogale, Talema Moged Reda, Muralitharan Jothimani","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70103","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.70103","url":null,"abstract":"Urban expansion in Dilla Town, Ethiopia, has progressively reshaped local thermal conditions by replacing vegetation and cropland with impervious built-up surfaces. This study analyses how three decades of land-use/land-cover (LULC) change have modified land surface temperature (LST) and projects future thermal patterns. Landsat TM/ETM+/OLI imagery from 2001, 2011, and 2021 was classified into five LULC classes using a Support Vector Machine (overall accuracy 90.4–92.4%; κ = 0.88–0.90). LST was retrieved from thermal bands via a single-channel algorithm and related to NDVI and the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI). Between 2001 and 2021, the built-up area increased by ∼5.34 × 106 m2, while mixed forest and cropland decreased by 3.14 × 106 m2 and 2.92 × 106 m2, respectively. Over the same period, LST rose from 23.17°C to 33.80°C to 24.42°C to 40.18°C, and mean LST increased from 27.47°C to 30.61°C. In 2021, LST showed a strong positive correlation with NDBI (R2 ≈ 0.64) and a negative correlation with NDVI (R2 ≈ 0.36). A CA–Markov model, validated with a Kappa Index of Agreement of up to 0.95, predicts continued urban expansion and a marked shift toward hotter LST classes by 2031, emphasizing the need for greening, wetland conservation, and heat-aware urban planning.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13067069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147672381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Amine-Functionalized Activated Carbon Monoliths by 3D Printing for Direct Air Capture 3D打印用于直接空气捕获的胺功能化活性炭单体。

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-04-10 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70105

Johanna Fricke, Zoltán Bacsik, Christine Schütz, Marc Rüggeberg, Anju Pal, Niklas Hedin, Jiayin Yuan

{"title":"Amine-Functionalized Activated Carbon Monoliths by 3D Printing for Direct Air Capture","authors":"Johanna Fricke, Zoltán Bacsik, Christine Schütz, Marc Rüggeberg, Anju Pal, Niklas Hedin, Jiayin Yuan","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70105","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.70105","url":null,"abstract":"Direct air capture (DAC) is an emerging technology that supports mitigating climate change. However, its large-scale deployment is hindered by high energy demands and material costs. In this study, we present a novel porous sorbent material for DAC using 3D-printed activated carbon monoliths functionalized with an aminosilane compound. The monoliths were fabricated via direct ink writing and subsequently modified with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to introduce chemisorption sites for CO2. Structural and chemical analyses confirmed successful grafting of amines without compromising the monolithic architecture. The resulting monoliths demonstrated enhanced CO2 uptake at atmospheric concentrations (0.25 mmol g−1 at 0.04 kPa). IR spectroscopy revealed that the functionalized monoliths chemisorb CO2 from ambient air as ammonium carbamate. Chemisorbed CO2 can be desorbed at a temperature of 75°C, indicating a low energy requirement for a DAC process. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first published application of aminosilane-functionalized activated carbon for DAC, highlighting its potential as a cost-effective and scalable sorbent material.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147672427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photo-Assisted Charge–Discharge Behavior of NMC622 Cathode NMC622阴极的光辅助充放电行为。

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-04-10 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70100

Meltem Çayirli, Ersu Lökçü, Reşat Can Özden, Mustafa Anik

{"title":"Photo-Assisted Charge–Discharge Behavior of NMC622 Cathode","authors":"Meltem Çayirli, Ersu Lökçü, Reşat Can Özden, Mustafa Anik","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70100","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.70100","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, a nitrogen (N)-doped graphene film was synthesized on copper foil via chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and employed as a photocatalytic electrode for the photo-assisted charging and discharging of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). By integrating the photocatalyst as a separate electrode and allowing the cathode to function solely in its conventional role, this configuration mitigated the long-term degradation of light-harvesting efficiency commonly observed in semiconductor-based cathodes and eliminated the constraint of using only semiconductor materials in LIBs. The photo-charging response of the LIB under 1 Sun illumination yielded a photo-conversion efficiency (η%) of 0.152% for the N-doped graphene. Photo-assisted operation enhanced the discharge capacity by at least 15%, improved capacity retention to 90%, and maintained a Coulombic efficiency of 100% over 100 cycles in NMC622 half-cells. The photo-generated electrons effectively accelerated interfacial charge transfer kinetics, thereby facilitating redox reactions at the electrode–electrolyte interface during cycling. Overall, this photo-assisted strategy not only improves LIB performance but also offers a promising route for integrating solar energy conversion directly into energy storage technologies.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13066908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147672430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Observed Hydroclimatic Trends and Their Implications Over Water-Cycle Dynamics in Montérégie, Southern Quebec, Canada 观测到的水文气候趋势及其对加拿大魁北克省南部蒙塔姆萨伊水循环动力学的影响。

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-04-06 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500564

Jorge Mona, Christin Müller, Janie Masse-Dufresne, Alexandra Mattei, Florent Barbecot

{"title":"Observed Hydroclimatic Trends and Their Implications Over Water-Cycle Dynamics in Montérégie, Southern Quebec, Canada","authors":"Jorge Mona, Christin Müller, Janie Masse-Dufresne, Alexandra Mattei, Florent Barbecot","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500564","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.202500564","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive understanding of groundwater recharge processes is essential for sustainable water resource management under climate change and increasing anthropogenic pressures. This study evaluates hydroclimatic trends (1980–2023) and their impacts on water-cycle dynamics in Montérégie, a predominantly agricultural and forested region in southern Quebec, Canada, characterized by spring snowmelt and biannual baseflow discharge. Historical records of temperature, precipitation, streamflow, groundwater levels, and land cover are analyzed for 20 subwatersheds and 50 piezometers, with missing data addressed using Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations. Trends are assessed using Mann-Kendall and Sen's Slope tests, while potential groundwater recharge is simulated with the GR4J hydrological model coupled with the CemaNeige snow module. Results indicate significant regional warming, particularly in summer and autumn, leading to longer growing seasons and more frequent winter melt events. Precipitation intensity has increased, contributing to slightly higher winter streamflow. Approximately 75% of annual GR4J percolation occurs during winter-spring. Recharge increases in the Baie Missisquoi due to earlier snowmelt but declines elsewhere because of higher evapotranspiration and drier soils. Groundwater levels rise in central Richelieu but decline in central-western Montérégie due to pumping and limited recharge capacity. These findings support adaptive groundwater management.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147638648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Toward Sustainability in Cardiac Tissue Engineering: Electrospun Polyurethane Scaffolds Functionalized With Lemon-Derived Bioactives 心脏组织工程的可持续性：柠檬衍生生物活性功能化的电纺聚氨酯支架

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2026-03-27 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70104

Mohan Prasath Mani, Saravana Kumar Jaganathan

{"title":"Toward Sustainability in Cardiac Tissue Engineering: Electrospun Polyurethane Scaffolds Functionalized With Lemon-Derived Bioactives","authors":"Mohan Prasath Mani, Saravana Kumar Jaganathan","doi":"10.1002/gch2.70104","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gch2.70104","url":null,"abstract":"This study reports the fabrication of electrospun polyurethane (PU) scaffolds functionalized with lemon extract to address global cardiac health needs. The PU/lemon composite demonstrated a refined microstructure, with fibre diameters decreasing from 890 to 680 nm and pore sizes reducing from 1064 to 864 nm, which may facilitate improved cellular interactions. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis confirmed successful biofunctionalization through hydrogen bonding. The incorporation of lemon shifted the surface from hydrophobic (100°) to more hydrophilic (86.67°) and increased the surface roughness (332 nm vs. 313 nm). Mechanical and thermal stability were also enhanced, with tensile strength increasing from 7.12 to 15.89 MPa. Crucially, the scaffold exhibited improved hemocompatibility, featuring a low haemolysis index (0.83% vs. 2.48%) and prolonged blood clotting times meeting international safety standards for blood-contacting devices. Furthermore, the scaffolds displayed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli, while promoting higher human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cell proliferation (169% vs. 133%). By combining improved mechanical resilience, antithrombogenicity, and bioactivity, the PU/lemon scaffold presents a sustainable and multifunctional platform for cardiac tissue engineering, potentially contributing to global efforts, including the World Health Organization (WHO) goals for advancing cardiovascular regenerative therapies.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.70104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147585012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0