Global Challenges最新文献

Aminated Lignin-Reinforced Biopolymer Hydrogels for Sustained Phosphate Delivery via Struvite Encapsulation in Acidic Environments (Global Challenges 10/2025) 胺化木质素增强生物聚合物水凝胶在酸性环境下通过鸟粪石包封持续递送磷酸盐（全球挑战10/2025）

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70050

Abrar Ali Khan, Arvind Singh Chandel, Vivek V. Ranade, Maurice N. Collins

引用次数: 0

Aminated Lignin-Reinforced Biopolymer Hydrogels for Sustained Phosphate Delivery via Struvite Encapsulation in Acidic Environments 氨基木质素增强生物聚合物水凝胶在酸性环境中通过鸟粪石包封持续传递磷酸盐

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500288

Abrar Ali Khan, Arvind Singh Chandel, Vivek V. Ranade, Maurice N. Collins

{"title":"Aminated Lignin-Reinforced Biopolymer Hydrogels for Sustained Phosphate Delivery via Struvite Encapsulation in Acidic Environments","authors":"Abrar Ali Khan, Arvind Singh Chandel, Vivek V. Ranade, Maurice N. Collins","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500288","url":null,"abstract":"The escalating global demand for food production, coupled with excessive fertilizer use and freshwater depletion, necessitates sustainable solutions in agriculture. The excessive utilization of fertilizers to enhance crop productivity reflects a variety of negative impacts, including environmental and economic challenges. In this study, a biodegradable, dual crosslinked hydrogel composed of polyvinyl alcohol (P), chitosan (Chi), and aminated lignin (AL) is developed to encapsulate struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O), a slow-release phosphate fertilizer. AL is synthesized via Mannich reaction using polyethyleneimine to enhance nitrogen content and functionality. The structural and functional characterization of the hydrogels is carried out using FTIR, SEM, XRD, and TGA. All pristine formulations exhibit high water-holding capacity with non-Fickian swelling behavior, reaching swelling values up to 706 ± 20.7%. Upon struvite loading, the swelling capacities reduce significantly, reflecting enhanced matrix density and encapsulation efficiency. Phosphate release studies in acidic citric solution (pH 3.3) show sustained release over 6−7 days. Kinetic modeling confirms a super case II transport mechanism (n > 1) and dominant diffusion-controlled release (Higuchi model), while a poor fit to pseudo-first-order kinetics indicates nonconcentration-dependent behavior. This study highlights the potential of lignin-based hydrogels as eco-friendly platforms for nutrient-efficient fertilizer delivery, offering a promising pathway toward sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Medication, Nutrition, and Hygiene in COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment: A Comprehensive Narrative Review COVID-19预防和治疗中的药物、营养和卫生：综合叙述综述

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500223

Wan-Ting Kuo, I-Hsiu Lai

{"title":"Medication, Nutrition, and Hygiene in COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment: A Comprehensive Narrative Review","authors":"Wan-Ting Kuo, I-Hsiu Lai","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500223","url":null,"abstract":"Despite advances in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention and treatment, emerging variants and persistent challenges continue to affect global health. Studies are retrieved from PubMed using title-based searches for COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, and related therapies from 2020 to 2025, focusing on randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, and clinical guidelines. This review explores treatments, nutrients, and adjuvant therapies that support the immune system in fighting COVID-19. It highlights the role of antiviral medications such as remdesivir, nirmatrelvir/ritonavir, and molnupiravir in reducing mortality and hospitalizations. Additionally, adjunctive therapies like corticosteroids, interleukin-6 (IL-6) inhibitors, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) are discussed for their potential to modulate inflammation. Nutritional support, including omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins D, C, and A, zinc, selenium, and probiotics, enhances immune function. Preventive measures, such as hygiene practices, wearing masks, and physical distancing, reduce transmission. An integrated approach that combines antiviral treatments with adjunctive therapies, prevention, and nutrition is crucial for improving outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500223","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards Sustainable Development Goals: Application of Hydrogen-Enriched Mahua Biodiesel/Diesel Blend to Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine 迈向可持续发展目标：富氢麻花生物柴油/柴油混合燃料在双燃料柴油机上的应用

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500260

Anh Tuan Hoang, Swarup Kumar Nayak, Milan Vujanović, M. Olga Guerrero-Pérez, Enrique Rodríguez-Castellón, María Cruz López-Escalante, Shams Forruque Ahmed, Hady Hadiyanto, Van Chinh Luu, Van Nhanh Nguyen, Xuan Phuong Nguyen, Dao Nam Cao

{"title":"Towards Sustainable Development Goals: Application of Hydrogen-Enriched Mahua Biodiesel/Diesel Blend to Dual-Fuel Diesel Engine","authors":"Anh Tuan Hoang, Swarup Kumar Nayak, Milan Vujanović, M. Olga Guerrero-Pérez, Enrique Rodríguez-Castellón, María Cruz López-Escalante, Shams Forruque Ahmed, Hady Hadiyanto, Van Chinh Luu, Van Nhanh Nguyen, Xuan Phuong Nguyen, Dao Nam Cao","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500260","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the influence of hydrogen (H2) enrichment on the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a dual-fuel diesel engine operated with Mahua biodiesel/diesel blend (BDf20), in which H2 is injected into the intake manifold at flow rates of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 L min−1 under varying engine loads. As a result, the optimum engine performance is achieved at 10 L min−1 H2. At a peak load of 5.02 kW, BDf20 + H2 (10 L min−1) improves brake thermal efficiency (BTE) by 16.75%, and reduces brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) by 10.83% compared to conventional diesel. For emission characteristics, unburnt hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO), and carbon dioxide (CO2) decrease by 42.65, 44.74, and 20.91%, respectively, although NOx emissions increased by 17.1% due to higher combustion temperatures. Moreover, combustion characteristics show a 9.91% rise in peak in-cylinder pressure, a 20.82% increase in heat release rate, and an 8.26% longer ignition delay period. The results confirm the effectiveness of H2 enrichment in improving combustion performance while significantly reducing pollutant emissions, showing that combining H2 with biodiesel enhances the global Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) by advancing clean and renewable energy solutions.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500260","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Micro-Doping of Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Materials - A Performance and Sustainability Case Study of Lithium Nickel Oxide 锂离子电池正极材料的微掺杂——锂镍氧化物性能与可持续性案例研究

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500345

Isabella D. R. Stephens, Abigail C. Parsons, David Burnett, Peter Slater, Emma Kendrick

{"title":"Micro-Doping of Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Materials - A Performance and Sustainability Case Study of Lithium Nickel Oxide","authors":"Isabella D. R. Stephens, Abigail C. Parsons, David Burnett, Peter Slater, Emma Kendrick","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500345","url":null,"abstract":"High-nickel lithium-ion battery cathode materials are increasingly favored for their superior energy density but face challenges related to toxicity, cost, and critical material supply. This study assesses the current state of play in commercial cathodes, and presents a screening of the literature micro-dopants for LiNiO2 (LNO), aiming to identify excellent electrochemical performance without compromising affordability or safety. Literature examples of tungsten, niobium, and zirconium doped cathode material all showed good performance, but are considered risky for further consideration due to the high costs and increased supply risk with these materials. A lithium excess sulfate doped material exhibited the best balance of sustainability and performance, delivering improved capacity retention and low raw material cost, with the only compromise of a very slightly elevated supply risk. The study highlights the trade-offs between performance metrics and sustainability considerations, offering a framework for more commercially viable cathode design.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500345","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Impact of China's Carbon Market on the Decarbonization of the Coal Power Industry: An Approach Considering Long-Term Carbon Net Expenditures 中国碳市场对煤电行业脱碳的影响：一个考虑长期碳净支出的方法

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500093

Xiaowei Du, Gang Lei, Qiang Zhao, Yuewen Li, Lishen Lin, Mengyang Ye, Fubo Dai, Xiaocong Hou

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Nanocomposites for Water Treatment, Photocatalysis, and Challenges: A Systematic Review 纳米复合材料用于水处理、光催化和挑战：系统综述

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500217

Swellam W. Sharshir, Sabbah Ataya, Heba G. El-Attar, Lotfy A. Lotfy, Ahmed A. El-Naggar, Ahmed El-Harairy, Mohamed M. Kedra, Abdulrhman M. Alaraj, Ahmed Sowayan, Rashid Khan, Mahmoud Abdelfatah, Abdelhamid El-Shaer

{"title":"Nanocomposites for Water Treatment, Photocatalysis, and Challenges: A Systematic Review","authors":"Swellam W. Sharshir, Sabbah Ataya, Heba G. El-Attar, Lotfy A. Lotfy, Ahmed A. El-Naggar, Ahmed El-Harairy, Mohamed M. Kedra, Abdulrhman M. Alaraj, Ahmed Sowayan, Rashid Khan, Mahmoud Abdelfatah, Abdelhamid El-Shaer","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500217","url":null,"abstract":"The finite supply of water on this planet led researchers to investigate nanocomposites, which are unique compounds with great performance and many applications. Many researchers are now interested in photocatalytic degradation methods due to their ability to facilitate both spontaneous and non-spontaneous reactions using light energy. The review's objective is to explain what nanocomposites mean, their types, various preparation procedures, and various characterisation approaches, and to employ nanocomposites in catalytic applications for wastewater treatment. It also seeks to compile some of the research on this topic. Through bibliometric analysis, the lineage and the extent to which countries are interested in publishing research on this issue in various methods of narration are illustrated. Nanocomposites can be used as catalysts to remove more than 90% of Cr (VI) after 120 min, phosphate (99.77%), ammonia (65.65%), Nitrite (99.98%) and remove several dyes such as Direct Blue 14 (94.57%), Congo Red (90.23%), Sunset Yellow (83.56%), brilliant cresol blue (BCB) (98.80%), neutral red (NR) (98.33%), methylene blue (MB) (99.6%) and more. Finally, challenges faced by nanocomposites in wastewater treatment are analyzed and summarized.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500217","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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The Struggle Against Air Pollution in African Megacities and the Hidden Problems for the Estimation of the Burden of Disease 非洲大城市防治空气污染的斗争和疾病负担估算的隐藏问题

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500108

Vasileios N Matthaios, Daniel Pope, Petros Koutrakis, Christopher O Olopade, Crystal M North

{"title":"The Struggle Against Air Pollution in African Megacities and the Hidden Problems for the Estimation of the Burden of Disease","authors":"Vasileios N Matthaios, Daniel Pope, Petros Koutrakis, Christopher O Olopade, Crystal M North","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500108","url":null,"abstract":"Air pollution poses a significant threat to global public health, with African megacities facing its severe consequences due to rapid urbanization, industrialization, and transportation challenges. In Africa, air pollution is responsible for 1.1 million deaths annually, with household air pollution accounting for two-third and ambient air pollution one-third of this burden. However, these percentages are likely to change in the near future due to the projected rapid urbanization and industrialization in the region. In the next 25 to 50 years African megacities are projected to grow rapidly and therefore experience a significant increase in air pollution-related health risks. Poor policy prioritization, limited monitoring infrastructure and conflicting interests and priorities further complicate the problem. In this paper, the key drivers of air pollution are discussed in African megacities, including urbanization, industrialization, transportation, and energy use. Further it is highlighted that there are significant challenges and barriers, as well as a pressing need for air quality monitoring, coordinated policies and effective air quality management to ensure sustainable development, mitigate the adverse health impacts of pollution and improve the quality of life across the continent.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

MBenes: A Comprehensive Review of Synthesis Techniques and Energy Storage Capabilities MBenes：合成技术和储能能力的综合综述

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.202500245

MD. Tanvir Amin, Md. Shaib Hossain, Md. Muktadir Billah, Md. Arafat Rahman

{"title":"MBenes: A Comprehensive Review of Synthesis Techniques and Energy Storage Capabilities","authors":"MD. Tanvir Amin, Md. Shaib Hossain, Md. Muktadir Billah, Md. Arafat Rahman","doi":"10.1002/gch2.202500245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/gch2.202500245","url":null,"abstract":"This review thoroughly examines the potential of 2D transition metal borides (MBenes) for sophisticated energy storage applications. The investigation explores their structural stability, electrochemical characteristics, and a range of synthesis methods, including chemical and hydrothermal exfoliation procedures. Because of their strong mechanical characteristics, low diffusion energy barriers, and high theoretical capacities, MBenes perform better as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) than other 2D materials like MXenes. Functionalized MBenes also show adaptability in various applications, such as lithium–sulfur batteries and nitrogen reduction catalysis. Their actual application is hampered by issues including oxidation and surface imperfections, despite their encouraging qualities. This analysis demonstrates MBenes as a promising anode material for next-generation energy storage devices and highlights the necessity for more research into scalable, eco-friendly synthesis techniques for achieving sustainability.","PeriodicalId":12646,"journal":{"name":"Global Challenges","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gch2.202500245","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Tannin: An Insight into its Cosmeceutical Properties and Uses (Global Challenges 8/2025) 单宁：洞察其药妆特性和用途（全球挑战8/2025）

IF 6.4 4区综合性期刊

Global Challenges Pub Date : 2025-08-22 DOI: 10.1002/gch2.70033

Rosaria Ciriminna, Giovanna Li Petri, Giuseppe Angellotti, Enrica Fontananova, Francesco Meneguzzo, Rafael Luque, Mario Pagliaro

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