Frontiers in Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Association between weekend catch-up sleep and hypertension of the United States population from 2017 to 2020: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yan Luo, Qingyuan Li, Tong Feng, Shasha Meng, Ran Duan","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1488487","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1488487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular risk factor that significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Previous studies have highlighted the role of inadequate sleep during weekdays in the development of hypertension. However, the potential mitigative effects of weekend catch-up sleep (WCS) on hypertension have been less explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017-2020, focusing on American adults. We assessed the association between WCS (defined as the difference in sleep duration between weekend and weekday) and the presence of hypertension. Participants were classified into two groups based on their WCS duration: none (below 1 hours), yes (over 1 hours). Multivariable logistic regression models adjusted for potential confounders such as age, gender, Body mass index (BMI), and lifestyle factors were utilized to explore this association. A Generalized Additive Model (GAM) was employed to generate smooth curves for a nuanced analysis of the nonlinear relationship.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicated that moderate WCS (less than 4 hours) was significantly associated with a reduced risk of hypertension, while excessive WCS (greater than 4 hours) showed no significant protective benefits.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Moderate weekend catch-up sleep could serve as an effective intervention to mitigate hypertension risk, especially in populations with restricted weekday sleep. These results suggest the potential for integrating sleep management strategies into public health recommendations to address hypertension. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings and clarify the mechanisms underlying the relationship between WCS and hypertension risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1488487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11833448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reading between the lines: exploring the discriminative ability of the Short-Story Task in identifying autistic individuals within autism outpatient services.","authors":"Irina Jarvers, Monika Sommer, Manuela Ullmann, Verena Simmel, Lore Blaas, Stefanie Gorski, Saskia Krüger-Lassen, Matthias Vogel, Berthold Langguth","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1500396","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1500396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The correct diagnosis of autistic individuals is an everyday challenge within autism outpatient services. While the short-story task (SST), a task measuring fiction-based mentalizing, has demonstrated promise in differentiating between autistic and non-autistic adults, its discriminative ability has not been investigated in a sample of individuals seeking autism diagnostics at outpatient services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the utility of the SST in individuals seeking autism diagnostics between 2016 and 2022 at the Clinic and Polyclinic for Psychiatry & Psychotherapy of the University of Regensburg at medbo District Hospital Regensburg. The sample consisted of 211 individuals. In 100 of them an autism spectrum disorder has been diagnosed and 111 individuals were diagnosed with other conditions or none at all.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Performance on the SST did not significantly differ between the two groups, and receiver operator curve analysis did not support the SST as a reliable discriminator. However, linear regression analyses revealed that autism diagnosis was the sole significant predictor of SST mentalizing performance. Additionally, specific items of the SST showed significant differences between autistic and non-autistic individuals and constituted a significant predictor of autism diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>While the SST may not be robust enough to accurately identify autistic individuals on its own, it does offer clinicians valuable insights into how individuals interpret others' actions and whether they grasp the broader context of a story versus focusing solely on details.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1500396"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between smartphone addiction and sleep disorder among college students: negative emotions as a mediator and gender as a moderator.","authors":"Siyi Li, Yingying Deng, Lihong Cai, Linlin Wu","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1542243","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1542243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>College students are disproportionately affected by smartphone addiction, which has been linked to various health impairments, including sleep disorders. This study explores the relationship between smartphone addiction and sleep disorders, with a focus on negative emotions as a mediator and gender as a moderator.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cluster sampling was used to survey 1056 Chinese college students. The Mobile Phone Addiction Index, Negative Affect Scale, and Sleep Disorder Scale were administered. Versions of SPSS 27.0 and PROCESS macro 4.0 were used for data analysis, employing Models 15 and 4 to examine moderation and mediation, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A strong direct correlation was identified between smartphone addiction and sleep disorder, with negative emotions mediating this relationship, accounting for 33.7% of the effect. Gender significantly moderated the mediation process, with females demonstrating a greater correlation than males between sleep disorders and negative emotions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Negative emotions partially mediated smartphone addiction's association with sleep disorder, whereas gender significantly moderated this mediation. These findings underscore the complex dynamics among smartphone addiction, emotional well-being, and sleep among college students.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1542243"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unleashing the potential of chatbots in mental health: bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Qing Han, Chenyang Zhao","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1494355","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1494355","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The proliferation of chatbots in the digital mental health sector is gaining momentum, offering a promising solution to address the pressing shortage of mental health professionals. By providing accessible and convenient mental health services and support, chatbots are poised to become a primary technological intervention in bridging the gap between mental health needs and available resources.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study undertakes a thorough bibliometric analysis and discourse on the applications of chatbots in mental health, with the objective of elucidating the underlying scientific patterns that emerge at the intersection of chatbot technology and mental health care on a global scale.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The bibliometric software Biblioshiny and VOSviewer were used to conduct a comprehensive analysis of 261 scientific articles published in the Web of Science Core Collection between 2015 and 2024. Publications distribution are analyzed to measure productivity on countries, institutions, and sources. Scientific collaboration networks are generated to analyze the influence as well as communications between countries and institutions. Research topics and trends are formulated by using a keyword co-occurrence network.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Over the last decade, researches on utilization of chatbots in mental health has appeared to be increasing steadily at an annual rate of 46.19%. The United States have made significant contributions to the development and expansion of publications, accounting for 27.97% of the total research output with 2452 citation counts. England came second to the US in terms of publications and citations, and followed by Australia, China, and France. National Center for Scientific Research in France ranked first among all institutions, followed by Imperial College London and University of Zurich. The number of articles published in Journal of Medical Internet Research was exceptionally high, accounting for 12.26% of the total number of articles, and JMIR Mental Health is the most influential publication sources in terms of average citations per article. Collaboration among universities in the USA, United Kingdom, Switzerland, and Singapore demonstrated a high level. The keyword co-occurrence network highlights the prominent techniques in this multidisciplinary area and reveals 5 research topics, showing a significant overlap between clusters. High-frequency terms such as \"ChatGPT\", \"machine learning\", and \"large language models\" underscore the current state of research, highlighting the cutting-edge advancements and frontiers in this field.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This study provides an in-depth analysis of the most prominent countries, institutions, publications, collaboration status, and research topics associated with utilization of chatbots in mental health over the last decade. It offers insights to mental health professionals without an","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1494355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network analysis of interactions of rumination and anxiety on smartphone dependence symptoms.","authors":"Sen Sen Zhang, Shao Hong Yong, Jia Tai Chen","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1506721","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1506721","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Rumination and anxiety have been posited as correlates of smartphone dependence (SPD). However, little is known regarding how the components of both affect SPD symptoms at subtle levels. Therefore, we used the network analysis approach to identify the connections at a micro level to provide possible interventions for reducing SPD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using symptom-level network analysis, we used the ruminative response scale-10, the generalized anxiety disorder scale-7, and the mobile phone addiction index scale-17 to investigate Chinese preservice teachers (<i>M</i> _age = 21.1, <i>N</i> = 1160). Subsequently, we estimated a graphical lasso correlation network for these teachers, which encompassed rumination components, anxiety components, and SPD symptoms. Specifically, the central and bridge centralities within the network structure were examined for the impacts of rumination and anxiety on SPD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The three intracluster connections of rumination, anxiety, and SPD were tighter than the intercluster, with structural connections in rumination and anxiety networks closer than the triggered SPD symptoms cluster. Importantly, reflection reactions towards \"write down what you are thinking and analyze it\" (a component of rumination) were identified as a central and bridging node that might be a target for intervention for SPD symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identify potential edge-bridging rumination and anxiety on SPD and locate highly central components within each cluster via network analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1506721"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11832651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A meta-analysis comparing the effectiveness and safety of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation versus theta burst stimulation for treatment-resistant depression.","authors":"Xiao Tao, Zheng Wen Jing, Wang Kui Yuan, Guo Hui Yun, Xie Jian Fang, Liao Ming Sheng","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1504727","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1504727","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study compares the safety and effectiveness of theta-burst stimulation (TBS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for treating treatment-resistant depression (TRD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We reviewed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated rTMS and TBS in managing TRD. Searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science for studies published up to July 31, 2024. Data from these studies were analyzed using statistical software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five RCTs involving 1,196 patients were included, with 553 receiving rTMS and 663 receiving TBS. The analysis found no significant differences between rTMS and TBS in reducing depression [SMD = -0.07, 95% CI (-0.19, 0.04)] or anxiety [SMD = -0.02, 95% CI (-0.15, 0.11)], nor in side effects like headaches [OR = 1.00, 95% CI (0.72, 1.40)], nausea [OR = 1.42, 95% CI (0.79, 2.54)], or fatigue [OR = 0.87, 95% CI (0.46, 1.64)].</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both rTMS and TBS are similarly effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms, with comparable side effect profiles. However, TBS is more time-efficient, with sessions lasting only 192 seconds, making it a cost-effective option for patients. These findings support TBS as a practical treatment choice for TRD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1504727"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of neuropathic pain with repeated low-dose MDMA: a case report.","authors":"Peter Gasser, Matthias E Liechti, Friederike Holze","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1513022","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1513022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 64-year-old male patient who suffered from traumatic life experiences and neuropathic pain after oncological chemotherapy was treated with medium to high doses of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and high doses and microdoses of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA). At the beginning of treatment, the patient did not experience any acute subjective effects of LSD at a dose of 200 µg. After increasing the LSD dose to 400 µg, he experienced subjective acute effects, and the first lasting therapeutic effects were observed. After changing from LSD to MDMA at both high doses (150-175 mg) and repeated low doses (12.5-25 mg), the patient exhibited marked improvements in neuropathic pain that were sustained even after stopping repeated MDMA treatment. MDMA mini/microdosing has not yet been broadly investigated. This case documents benefits of low doses of MDMA for the treatment of a pain disorder. Further research is needed on effects of MDMA on pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1513022"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Personality disorders in youth: from early diagnosis to treatment.","authors":"Tianhong Zhang, Katherine Durham, Paula Yanes-Lukin","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1558277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1558277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1558277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The complex relationships among self-acceptance, perceived social support, drug use stereotype threat, and subthreshold depression in people with substance use disorder: exploring the mediating and buffering effects.","authors":"Yongqiu Li, Rufang Wang, Jun Liu, Zuoliang Li, Yinghua Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1444379","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1444379","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Depression levels are significantly higher among people with substance use disorder (SUD) than in the general population; however, studies on the level of subthreshold depression in this population are scarce. Research shows a significant correlation between self-acceptance and depression, with social support playing a key role in the process of recovery and social reintegration for people with SUD. This study aimed to explore the effects of self-acceptance, perceived social support, and stereotype threat of people with SUD on their subthreshold depression, as well as potential mediating and buffering effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted from January-March 2024. 1068 drug addicts (548 males and 520 females) were recruited in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. After signing informed consent, their psychometric data were obtained using the Self-acceptance Questionnaire (SAQ), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Drug Use Stereotype Threat Scale (DSTS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D). Gender and group differences in relevant scale dimensions were explored. Linear regression models were used to assess the relationships between PSSS, SAQ, and DSTS scores and subthreshold depression in male and female participants. Bootstrap mediation effect tests were used to further test the mediation effect of drug use stereotype threat and perceived social support between self-acceptance and subthreshold depression. Line graphs were used to show the buffering effect of perceived social support on the relationship between self-acceptance and subthreshold depression in different groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that,gender, HIV-positive or not, education and monthly income level affect subthreshold depression in patients with SUD. Negative correlation between self-acceptance and subthreshold depression among SUD patients. Furthermore, perceived social support and substance use stereotypes threatmediated the relationship between self-acceptance and subthreshold depression, respectively, forming a parallel mediating relationship. Results exploring the buffering effect of perceived social support by subgroup showed that the buffering effect of perceived social support on subthreshold depression was most pronounced in the HIV-negative and and female groups. Social support, group stereotypes discrimination affect the mental health of sud patients.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our study provides theoretical support for the alleviation of subthreshold depression among people with SUD, realizing that self-acceptance, perceived social support and reduction of drug use stereotype threat can be a psychoprotective factor for people with SUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1444379"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11830662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"I lock myself in my room and cry in frustration\": an analysis of adolescent behaviors of child-to-parent violence.","authors":"Shirley Arias-Rivera, Barbara Lorence, Jesus Maya","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1524413","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1524413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Child-to-parent violence (CPV) encompasses behaviors such as hitting, insulting, or threatening parents. Over the past decade, the number of CPV cases has increased significantly. While previous research has largely focused on classifying CPV behaviors and examining their causes, there is limited investigation into what happens immediately after CPV episodes. This study aims to describe the behaviors of adolescents following violent actions in both mild and severe cases of CPV. A randomized sample of 1,067 Spanish adolescents, participating in a national CPV project, was studied using the Child-to-Parent Aggression Questionnaire. Among them, 410 adolescents (41.91% boys and 57.84% girls) reported engaging in some form of CPV behavior in the past year, and 47 adolescents met the criteria for severe and repeated CPV. Specifically, 26 adolescents exhibited psychological and 27 exhibited physical CPV toward their mother, while 21 adolescents exhibited psychological and 15 physical CPV toward their father. Adolescents were asked, \"What do you do after?\" Following thematic analysis, adolescents' responses were categorized into 6 themes and 17 sub-themes in mild cases. A possible sequence in adolescents' responses was identified, divided into three phases. In the first phase, adolescents felt bad after their violent behavior, expressed remorse, reflected on it, and sought a safe place. In the second phase, apologizing to parents was the most common response, reported by 70.52% of adolescents. Finally, in the third phase, in addition to apologizing, adolescents attempted to talk with their parents, gave them a hug, or committed to not repeating the behavior. In contrast, 8% of adolescents normalized their behavior, joked about it, or justified their actions. In severe cases, most subthemes were consistent with those observed in mild CPV cases. However, in contrast to milder cases, severe cases showed a lower percentage of adolescents who felt bad or apologized and a higher proportion who normalized, avoided talking about, or justified their violent actions (23.4% of adolescents with severe CPV). This study highlights practical implications for interventions, such as the importance of helping them express their emotions, recognize the harm caused, identify safe spaces, people, or activities, and support them in the process of apologizing.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1524413"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11841426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}