Frontiers in Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Phytochemicals in the treatment of patients with depression: a systemic review.","authors":"Natalia Picheta, Julia Piekarz, Karolina Daniłowska, Karol Mazur, Halina Piecewicz-Szczęsna, Agata Smoleń","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1509109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1509109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is a complex mental disease whose incidence increases every year; 300 million people worldwide currently suffer from it. Women are more likely to suffer from depression, twice the rate as men. It is one of the few illnesses that can lead to suicide, which makes it very dangerous - currently, 700,000 people die from suicide and it is the 4th most common cause of death in people aged 15-29. The treatment strategies for depression is a big challenge for physicians, pharmacists, scientists and classic remedies cause many side effects. Therefore, natural phytotherapy with herbs can prove to be a good solution. Phytotherapy is a popular treatment method used for centuries in Chinese medicine or Ayurveda.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study conducted a comprehensive database search PubMed, ClinicalKey and MedNar covered the years 2015 - 2024 to provide the most up-to-date data. 13 randomized controlled trials and 1 meta - analysis were included in the systematic review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Many plants show anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and cognitive enhancing effects, which are particularly important in depression. In the treatment of depression, plants such as <i>Crocus sativus L. stigma</i>, <i>Lavandula angustifolia, Hypericum perforatum L.</i> and <i>Curcuma longa L</i>. have proven to be effective. They show good effectiveness in human studies and alleviate the symptoms of depression. Herbal products can support classical pharmacotherapy, but this requires further research. Non-commercial clinical trials in the future should provide answers to research questions: at what stage of treatment of patients with MDD will the use of phytochemicals be most appropriate in terms of therapy efficacy and safety for the patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><i>Crocus sativus L. stigma</i>, <i>Lavandula angustifolia, Hypericum perforatum L.</i> and <i>Curcuma longa L</i>. in modern medicine can help improve the well-being of patients with depression. The use of herbs as an intervention was associated with a decrease in the concentration of proinflammatory cytokines and an overall improvement in the mood of patients. Further research should be undertaken into combining both therapies in order to improve patients' quality of life and reduce treatment costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1509109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous theory of mind in autism: are anticipatory gaze and reaction time biases consistent?","authors":"Keigo Onda, Rizal Ichwansyah, Keisuke Kawasaki, Jun Egawa, Toshiyuki Someya, Isao Hasegawa","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1189777","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1189777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit persistent deficits in social interaction and communication in adulthood. Pioneering studies have suggested that these difficulties arise from a lack of immediate, spontaneous mentalizing (i.e., theory of mind: ToM), specifically, an ability to attribute false beliefs to others, which should be usually acquired during neurotypical development. However, this view has been challenged by recent reports of nonreplications of spontaneous mentalizing, even in neurotypical adults.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We aimed to evaluate (1) whether measurements of spontaneous ToM in two representative paradigms, gaze bias in the anticipatory looking (AL) test and reaction time bias in the object detection (OD) test, are correlated in neurotypical adults and (2) whether these two measurements are altered in individuals with ASD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a novel hybridized spontaneous false belief test combining the AL and OD paradigms to enable within-subject comparison of different spontaneous ToM measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results obtained with our hybridized test replicated the earlier positive evidence for spontaneous ToM in both AL and OD paradigms. Our results also revealed a correlation between the participants' spontaneous gaze bias in the AL paradigm and reaction time bias in the OD paradigm, indicating that the participants who had spontaneously anticipated other's false belief driven actions more quickly detected the object. We further found that spontaneous gaze and reaction time biases were altered in individuals with ASD. Finally, we ascertained those inclusions of these biases as diagnostic variables in a regression model improved the accuracy of diagnosing ASD. ASD diagnosis was best predicted by the model when variables obtained from both AL and OD methods were included in the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions/implications: </strong>Our hybridized paradigm not only replicated spontaneous gaze bias in early AL studies and reaction time bias in the OD paradigms, but indicated significant correlation between them, suggesting that different implicit tasks tap the same spontaneous ToM in neurotypical adults. Group differences of these indices between ASD and neurotypical adult groups indicated that our task could help diagnose ASD, which is essential for evaluating the social difficulties that individuals with ASD face in adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1189777"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gross anatomical features of the insular cortex in affective disorders.","authors":"Tsutomu Takahashi, Daiki Sasabayashi, Murat Yücel, Sarah Whittle, Michio Suzuki, Christos Pantelis, Gin S Malhi, Nicholas B Allen","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1482990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1482990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The number of insular gyri is elevated in patients with schizophrenia. Thus, it has potential as a marker of early neurodevelopmental abnormalities. However, currently it remains unclear whether patients with other neuropsychiatric disorders, such as affective disorders, also have this gross brain anatomical feature.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The macroscopic features of the insular cortex in 26 patients with bipolar disorder (BD), 56 with major depressive disorder (MDD), and control subjects for each clinical group (24 for BD and 33 for MDD) were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of short insular gyri was higher in BD patients than in matched controls bilaterally with well-developed accessory and middle short gyri. Furthermore, the left middle short gyrus was more developed in MDD patients than in matched controls, and was weakly associated with the severity of depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The present results indicate that changes in the gross morphology of the insular cortex in BD and MDD is a potential vulnerability factor associated with their neurodevelopmental pathologies, and may also contribute to the severity of symptoms in MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1482990"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663932/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explain the behavior change and maintenance in diabetic patients using MTM-HAPA framework.","authors":"Yibo Wu, Zhenjie Yu, Xiaoqiu Yin, Yimiao Li, Yang Jiang, Gongli Liu, Xinying Sun","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1497872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1497872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to to uncover the factors influencing the initiation and maintenance of health behaviors indiabetes mellitus (DM) patients, utilizing baseline data from a randomized controlled trial to construct a structural equation model based on the Multi-Theory Model (MTM) and Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) scales.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study recruited participants with type 2 diabetes, aged between 18 and 75 years, from 45 distinct locations in Beijing, China.Patients [N = 406, n = 232 (57.1%) females, n = 232 (42.9%) males; Mean (SD) age = 56.7(10.9)] completed self-reported questionnaire about constructs from integrated theories concerning health behavior. To test the associations between the variables, structural equation modeling with latent variables was employed. Based on the path coefficients of Structural Equation Modeling(SEM), we verified all the hypotheses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Disadvantages, Advantages, Self-efficacy for Initiating Behavior, and Changes in Physical Environment are all prove to have an effect on intention, with the effect of Disadvantages being negative. Intention positively influenced Action Planning and Coping Planning, both of which in turn significantly predicted Initiation of Behavior Change. Practice for change, Emotional Transformation, Changes in Social Environment, and Self-efficacy for Sustaining Behavior were all affected by Outcome Expectancies and Risk Perception positively. Meanwhile, Practice for change, Emotional Transformation, Changes in Social Environment and Self-efficacy for Sustaining Behavior- would have a significant predictive effect on Maintenance of Behavioral Change.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The empirical evidence from this study robustly validates the majority of its theoretical constructs, affirming that MTM-HAPA possess significant explanatory capability in delineating the factors that underpin both the Maintenance of health-related behaviors and the Initiation of Behavior Changes in individuals suffering from DM.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1497872"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of mind-body exercise on individuals with ADHD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jin Peng, Weiran Wang, Yiting Wang, Fengting Hu, Mingyuan Jia","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1490708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1490708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the effects of mind-body exercise (MBE) on ADHD through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After identifying relevant search keywords based on the study's technical terminology, research articles were retrieved from five databases. Two researchers independently screened the results to select studies that met the inclusion criteria. A random-effects model was used to conduct a meta-analysis on the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate that MBE interventions significantly improved attention in individuals with ADHD [SMD=-0.97, 95% CI (-1.56, -0.39), P < 0.05]. However, the meta-analysis found no evidence that MBE improved executive function, emotional issues, or hyperactivity/impulsivity in ADHD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MBE is beneficial for attention improvement in ADHD patients. However, further evidence is needed to support its efficacy as an adjunctive treatment for other symptoms.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42023447510.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1490708"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the effect of a virtual reality digital therapeutic on maternal stress among expectant and postpartum Black and Latina mothers: a protocol paper.","authors":"Mary Carrasco, Stacyca Dimanche, Joshua Fouladian, Marisela Neff, Carolina Scaramutti, Mairead Moloney, Judite Blanc, Azizi Seixas","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1481453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1481453","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Maternal mental health is vital to overall well-being, particularly among expectant and postpartum Black and Latina women who experience higher stress levels and mental health challenges. Traditional healthcare systems often fail to meet these needs, underscoring the need for innovative and accessible interventions. NurtureVR, a digital maternal mental health and educational program, leverages virtual reality to offer mindfulness, relaxation, and guided imagery to support these women.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This protocol aims to evaluate whether NurtureVR, a digital therapeutic, can reduce stress levels and mental health symptoms in pregnant and postpartum Black and Latina women, improve sleep, enhance pregnancy and childbirth experiences, and increase pregnancy and postpartum health literacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Nurturing Moms study uses a pre- and post-intervention design with a 5-week NurtureVR program. Fifty participants, 25 expectant and 25 postpartum Black and Latina women, will be recruited through clinics, community organizations, and online platforms. The study involves three phases: baseline assessments of stress, mood, self-efficacy, demographics, and health history; daily use of NurtureVR for 15 minutes during the third trimester and six weeks postpartum; and follow-up assessments at six weeks postpartum. The program includes 49 modules on labor and delivery, stress during pregnancy, nutrition, breastfeeding, hormonal changes, 3D VR representations of fetal development, pain management simulations, and mindfulness exercises for labor. Participants will report stress, anxiety, mood, and pain levels following each VR session. Additional qualitative insights will be gathered through focus groups, and an optional survey will be administered one-year post-intervention to evaluate long-term effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The Nurturing Moms study seeks to create a more inclusive and equitable healthcare landscape, demonstrating that digital interventions like NurtureVR are essential for providing high-quality maternal care. By democratizing access to clinical research and healthcare, this decentralized trial promotes equity, improves the generalizability of findings, and accelerates the development of new treatments. The study's innovative approach has the potential to improve maternal experiences of stress, sleep, and overall health outcomes for Black and Latina mothers and children, despite limitations such as sample size, language barriers, and the preliminary nature of a pilot and feasibility study.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1481453"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663909/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mediating role of rumination in the relationship between negative cognitive styles and depression among pregnant women in Guangzhou, China.","authors":"Min Liang, Yu Chen, Yan Liu, Ribo Xiong","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1499061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1499061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgrounds: </strong>Negative cognitive styles (NCSs) have been identified as risk factor for the onset of depression. However, little empirical evidence is available to support its role in psychological disorders in the perinatal period. Moreover, less is known about the underlying mechanism in the relation between NCSs and depression in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to examine the mediation effect of rumination on the relationship between NCSs and antenatal depression (AD). Specifically, the mediation effects of two subtypes of rumination were tested.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to May 2023 using anonymous online questionnaire among women in their third trimester of pregnancy in the antenatal care clinic of a tertiary hospital. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to screen antenatal depression. Attributional Style Questionnaire and Ruminative Responses Scale were employed to assess NCSs and rumination respectively. Correlational analysis of the associations between NCSs, rumination, and AD was conducted. Bootstrap mediation analysis and multiple mediation models were applied to investigate whether rumination, and its brooding and reflection components would mediate the relationship between NCSs and AD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NCSs had a significant positive effect on depression in pregnant women (c=1.45, SE=0.03, <i>p</i><0.001, 95%CI: 0.92∼1.70). Rumination mediated the relationship between NCSs and depression in pregnant women (point estimate=0.41, 95%CI: 0.13∼0.79, effect size=0.22, K² = 0.19). Multiple mediation analysis revealed that brooding, instead of reflection, mediated the relationship between NCSs and depression in pregnant women (point estimate=0.41, 95%CI: 0.15∼0.78).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provided novel evidence for the role of rumination, specifically its brooding subtype, in shaping the link between NCSs and depression in pregnant women, highlighting potentially useful targets for interventions aimed at preventing the onset of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1499061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663865/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of combined cognitive training and non-invasive brain stimulation to modulate impulsivity in adult populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis of existing studies.","authors":"Najat R Khalifa, Yousef Alabdulhadi, Pilar Vazquez, Charlotte Wun, Peng Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1510295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1510295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Impulsivity, a tendency to act rashly and without forethought, is a core feature of many mental disorders that has been implicated in suicidality and offending behaviours. While research supports the use of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques, such as transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), to modulate brain functions, no studies specifically reviewed the use of combined cognitive training and NIBS to modulate impulsivity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesise the literature on the use of combined cognitive training and NIBS to modulate impulsivity and its subdomains (motor, delay discounting, reflection). We searched Scopus, PsychInfo, Medline, and Cinahl electronic databases, dissertations database, and Google scholar up to September 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, four randomised controlled studies involving the use of combined cognitive training and tDCS in 127 subjects were included in the study. These studies included subjects with substance use disorders, obesity, and Parkinson's disease. Meta-analysis showed that combined cognitive training and tDCS had no statistically significant effects on motor impulsivity as measured using reaction times on the Stop Signal Task and Go/No Go tasks. One study that measured impulsiveness scores on a delay discounting task also showed no significant results. No studies measured reflection or cognitive impulsivity.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>There is a dearth of literature on the use of combined cognitive training and NIBS for impulsivity. This in conjunction of clinical heterogeneity across studies makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the neuromodulation of impulsivity and its subdomains using combined cognitive training and NIBS. The findings of this study highlight the need to conduct more studies in the field.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD 42024511576.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1510295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11664486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between polypharmacy and the long-term prescription of hypnotics in Japan: a retrospective cross-sectional study.","authors":"Munehiro Komatsu, Masahiro Takeshima, Kazuhisa Yoshizawa, Masaya Ogasawara, Mizuki Kudo, Eru Miyakoshi, Yu Itoh, Nana Shibata, Naoko Ayabe, Kazuo Mishima","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1471457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1471457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hypnotic polypharmacy and its long-term prescriptions constitute the inappropriate use of hypnotics. However, the relationship between hypnotic polypharmacy and prolonged prescriptions remains unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the association between hypnotic polypharmacy and the duration of hypnotic prescriptions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, cross-sectional study utilized a large dataset from the Japan Medical Data Center. The study population included adults who had been prescribed hypnotics between April 2020 and March 2021, with a focus on those receiving hypnotics in March 2021. Hypnotic polypharmacy was defined as the concurrent prescription of two or more hypnotics in March 2021. The duration of hypnotic prescriptions was measured by calculating the number of months between April 2019 and March 2021 during which hypnotics were prescribed. A binary logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between hypnotic polypharmacy and long-term hypnotic prescriptions, adjusting for relevant covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 112,256 patients (mean age: 49.5 years, females: 47.1%). Among them, 67.9% received hypnotic monotherapy, and 32.1% received hypnotic polypharmacy. Compared with adults who were prescribed hypnotics for 1 month, the association with polypharmacy was stronger in those who were prescribed hypnotics for ≥4 months as the duration of the prescription increased (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04-1.27, p=0.006 for 4-6 months; aOR 1.35, 95% CI 1.23-1.49, p<0.001 for 7-9 months; aOR 1.58, 95% CI 1.43-1.73, p<0.001 for 10-12 months; and aOR 3.24, 95% CI 2.99-3.52 for 13-24 months).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated a significant association between hypnotic polypharmacy and long-term prescriptions of hypnotics. Initiating insomnia treatment with hypnotic monotherapy may reduce the likelihood of long-term prescriptions, and limiting the duration of hypnotic prescriptions could potentially prevent polypharmacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1471457"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663738/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between psychiatric symptoms with multiple peripheral blood sample test: a 10-year retrospective study.","authors":"Jianqing Qiu, Cheng Yu, Yalan Kuang, Yao Hu, Ting Zhu, Ke Qin, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1481006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1481006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychiatric illness is thought to be a brain somatic crosstalk disorder. However, the existing phenomenology-based Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) diagnostic framework overlooks various dimensions other than symptoms. In this study, we investigated the associations between peripheral blood test indexes with various symptom levels of major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SCZ) to explore the availability of peripheral blood test indexes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We extracted cases diagnosed with MDD, BD, and SCZ at West China Hospital from 2009 to 2021, translated their main complaints into Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) symptom severity scores using nature language processing (NLP), and collected their detailed psychiatric symptoms and peripheral blood test results. Then, generalized linear models were performed between seven types of peripheral blood test values with their transformed RDoC scores and detailed symptom information adjusted for age, gender, smoking, and alcohol history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Several inflammatory-related indexes were strongly associated with the negative valence system (NVS) domain (basophil percentage adjusted <i>β</i> = 0.275, lymphocyte percentage adjusted <i>β</i> = 0.271, monocyte percentage adjusted <i>β</i> = 0.223, neutrophil percentage adjusted <i>β</i> = -0.310, neutrophil count adjusted <i>β</i> = -0.301, glucose adjusted <i>β</i> = -0.287, leukocyte count adjusted <i>β</i> = -0.244, NLR adjusted <i>β</i> = -0.229, and total protein adjusted <i>β</i> = -0.170), the positive valence system (PVS) domain (monocyte percentage adjusted <i>β</i> = 0.228, basophil count adjusted <i>β</i> = 0.176, and glutamyl transpeptidase adjusted <i>β</i> = 0.171), and a wide range of mood, reward, and psychomotor symptoms. In addition, glucose, urea, urate, cystatin C, and albumin showed considerable associations with multiple symptoms. In addition, based on the direction of associations and the similarity of symptoms in terms of RDoC thinking, it is suggested that \"positive\" mood symptoms like mania and irritability and \"negative\" mood symptoms like depression and anxiety might be on a continuum considering their opposite relationships with similar blood indexes.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The cross-sectional design, limited symptoms record, and high proportion of missing values in some other peripheral blood indexes limited our findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proportion of high inflammatory indexes in SCZ was relatively high, but in terms of mean values, SCZ, BD, and MDD did not differ significantly. Inflammatory response showed a strong correlation with NVS, PVS, and a range of psychiatric symptoms especially mood symptoms, psychomotor symptoms, and cognitive abilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1481006"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11663843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142881807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}