Frontiers in Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Burden of psychological symptoms and disorders among individuals with hepatitis B: a systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression.","authors":"Chen Ee Low, Genevieve Ge, Trevor James Jun-Ming Yeong, Sounak Rana, Sean Loke, Wei Chieh Kow, Ainsley Ryan Yan Bin Lee, Cyrus Su Hui Ho","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1546545","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1546545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hepatitis B is a highly contagious viral infection that has long been a significant global health concern. Given its adverse effects on the course of the disease, evaluating psychiatric outcomes is important. Despite indications of an increased risk of psychological outcomes among those with hepatitis B, the extent of this association remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This PRISMA-adherent systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42024564246) searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and PsycINFO for all studies evaluating the prevalence and risk of anxiety and depressive symptoms in individuals with hepatitis B. Random effects meta-analyses and meta-regression were used for primary analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 31 studies were included. We identified a high prevalence of depressive symptoms (Proportion=19%, 95% CI: 11-31) and anxiety (Proportion=30%, 95% CI: 18-45) among individuals with hepatitis B. There was also a significantly increased risk of depressive symptoms (RR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.00-2.09, P=0.049) and anxiety (RR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.11-1.78) in individuals with hepatitis B compared to controls. Subgroup analyses indicated that older age and chronic hepatitis B infection were associated with a higher prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms. The systematic review found that being single, unemployed, having a lower income, a lower education level, high comorbidities, and a family history of mental illness were significant risk factors for poorer psychological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights an increased vulnerability to anxiety and depressive symptoms among individuals with hepatitis B. We emphasize the urgent need for early detection and additional support for this at-risk group.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42024564246.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1546545"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the profile and risk factors associated with self-harm ideation and behaviors in adolescents with high psychoticism.","authors":"Xiao-Ming Xu, Ru-Hong Jiang, Yu-Shuang Han, Wo Wang, Ming Ai, Jian-Mei Chen, Jun Cao, Xiao-Rong Chen, Zhen Lv, He-Yan Xu, Da-Qin Ding, Su Hong, Jing-Lan He, Qi Zhang, Lei Shi, Ning Du, Jin-Hui Hu, Li Kuang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1555780","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1555780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As a core personality trait closely linked to mental health outcomes, psychoticism warrants particular attention in adolescent populations. The association between elevated psychoticism levels and self-harm ideation and behaviors (SIB) remained insufficiently characterized, especially regarding specific risk profiles. This study aims to delineate SIB characteristics and identify risk factors among adolescents with high psychoticisme.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this large scale cross-sectional study, 6,027 adolescents aged 16-18 years scoring ≥70th percentile on the psychoticism dimension (Revised Short Form of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, EPQ-RSC) were recruited from 63 schools. Data on demographic characteristics and SIB patterns were collected via standardized electronic questionnaires through a secure online platform. Binary logistic regression analyses with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) identified significant SIB predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescents with high psychoticism demonstrated striking SIB prevalence patterns: 62.8% reported life meaninglessness, 47.2% expressed death wishes, and 34.7% acknowledged suicidal/NSSI ideation within the past year, with 27% specifically endorsing such ideation within the past month. Actual self-harm rates were 4.7% (lifetime), 1.64% (past year), and 0.37% (past month). Predominant triggers included family conflicts (32.9%), while primary motives centered on pain alleviation (51%). SIB incidence showed significant dose-response relationship with psychoticism severity (<i>p<</i>0.05). Rural residency (aOR=1.32, 95% CI 1.04-1.675) and typical high psychoticism (aOR=1.509, 95% CI 1.16-1.963) emerged as key risk factors. Increasing age conferred significant protection against self-harm ideation (aOR=0.687, 95% CI 0.627-0.753), whereas female sex demonstrated differential risk modulation patterns across SIB (lifetime self-harm behavior aOR=2.053 vs. past-month self-harm ideation aOR=0.648).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight the critical need for targeted interventions addressing modifiable determinants. Prioritizing female adolescents and those with higher psychoticism traits is recommended, supported by evidence-based family psychoeducation programs and enhanced accessibility of community mental health services with specific focus on emotion regulation training.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1555780"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11973330/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143802996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What does a dollar mean to you? utilizing intrinsic rewards within contingency management.","authors":"Anaheed Shirazi, Joseph A Carley, Dara G Ghahremani, Arthur L Brody, Ariel J Lang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1420763","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1420763","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) pose a significant public health challenge. Medications used for treatment of SUDs are limited in their efficacy, particularly in cannabis and stimulant use disorders, and non-pharmacological interventions have shown, at most, moderate effectiveness, leaving a continuing need for improved treatments. Contingency management (CM) is an evidence-based treatment with promising results, operationalized in SUD treatment programs by using monetary rewards to help patients achieve target behaviors such as abstinence. Several factors limit the viability of CM as a sustainable, effective treatment, suggesting insufficiency of monetary reinforcement alone. Implementation can be costly, requiring increased monetary reinforcers over time to reach target behaviors, and effects do not endure. We propose an integrative model of CM that explicitly incorporates intrinsic rewards into CM to enhance its effectiveness. This model involves redirecting salience attribution of monetary rewards towards goals and activities that are personally relevant and motivating for the individual that do not involve substance use. This integrative model of CM may address current challenges of and some of the barriers to implementation of CM in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1420763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal associations between relative deprivation and non-suicidal self-injury in early adolescents: a moderated mediation model.","authors":"Chang Wei, Bao Liu, Xiaojing An, Yu Wang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1553740","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1553740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Relative deprivation is associated with non-suicidal self-injury; however, the mechanisms underlying this association have been largely unexplored. Based on relative deprivation theory, the functional model of non-suicidal self-injury, and the organism-environment interaction model, the current study examined the mediating role of emotional symptoms and moderating role of deviant peer affiliation to determine how and when relative deprivation is associated with non-suicidal self-injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were 601 Chinese early adolescents who completed self-report scales measuring relative deprivation, emotional symptoms, non-suicidal self-injury, and deviant peer affiliation at three time points over the course of 12 months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that relative deprivation at Wave 1 was positively associated with non-suicidal self-injury at Wave 3, and emotional symptoms at Wave 2 fully mediated this association. Furthermore, deviant peer affiliation at Wave 3 moderated the pathway from emotional symptoms to subsequent non-suicidal self-injury in the mediated model. Specifically, emotional symptoms significantly predicted an increase in non-suicidal self-injury but only in early adolescents with high deviant peer affiliation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings can encourage educators to consider the interaction between individual and peer factors when providing interventions for early adolescents who engage in non-suicidal self-injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1553740"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the wings of Icarus - the need for transcendence in addictive diseases.","authors":"Human-Friedrich Unterrainer","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1563871","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1563871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This essay employs the Icarus myth as a metaphor to examine the role of transcendence in addiction. Icarus' disregard for boundaries, driven by his quest for transcendence, mirrors the behavior of individuals with addictive tendencies. Addiction, a chronic disorder marked by compulsive substance use or behaviors, is characterized by loss of control, tolerance, withdrawal, and life disruptions. Furthermore it is linked to traits such as impulsivity and sensation-seeking. Transcendence, the pursuit of experiences beyond ordinary limits, often manifests in addiction as a distorted attempt to address spiritual or existential voids. While practices like meditation can facilitate healthy transcendence (e.g., by influencing the periaqueductal grey activity), addiction provides only fleeting euphoria, perpetuating dependency. Sigmund Freud's concept of \"oceanic feelings\" (discussed in correspondence with Romain Rolland) and Abraham Maslow's notion of \"peak experiences\" parallel the addict's pursuit of unity and self-actualization. However, addiction undermines genuine fulfillment and growth. Spirituality emerges as a pivotal factor in both the development and recovery of addiction, offering reconnection to meaning, purpose, and a higher power. Neuroscientific insights suggest ancient brain regions, such as the Periaqueductal Grey, may underlie the human drive for transcendence. Drawing on Jungian psychology, the essay highlights spirituality's role in addressing existential crises and guiding recovery, echoing Jung's \"Spiritus contra Spiritum\" as a principle for overcoming addiction. In conclusion, the essay advocates for a balanced approach in addiction therapy, harmonizing the innate human desire for transcendence with sustainable personal growth, and avoiding the extremes symbolized by Icarus' fatal pursuit.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1563871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological and cultural correlates of illness conception and menopausal symptoms: a cross-sectional and longitudinal comparative study of Mosuo, Yi, and Han women.","authors":"Limin Gao, Jinyi Wang, Ying Zhang, Xudong Zhao, Haojie Fu","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1496889","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1496889","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explores the differences in menopausal symptoms, illness conception, and health-seeking behaviors among Mosuo, Yi, and Han women in China, analyzes the key factors behind these differences, and conducts a longitudinal comparison.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study collected data from Mosuo, Yi, and Han women in Yongning Township, Ninglang County, Yunnan Province, through a questionnaire survey. The instruments included the Kupperman Menopause Index (KMI), Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS), Self-Rating Scale of Illness Conception and Health Seeking Behavior (SSICHSB) and General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). First, descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the demographic characteristics and various indicators of the sample. Chi-square tests and one-way ANOVA were used to examine the differences in KMI and SSICHSB among the different ethnic groups. The KMI was used to assess menopausal symptoms, and multiple linear regression analysis was employed to identify the main factors influencing menopausal symptoms. A longitudinal comparison of data from 2012 and 2020 was performed to analyze the dynamic changes in KMI and SSICHSB of Mosuo and Han women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The regression analysis identified stress, anxiety, and dysmenorrhea experience as risk factors, while self-efficacy served as a protective factor influencing menopausal symptoms. Both the menopausal symptoms and the scores for concerns and fears about illness among Mosuo women significantly decreased in 2020 compared to 2012 (p = 0.040, p = 0.010).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results provide an important basis for the development of culturally sensitive health interventions. Future public health strategies should consider cultural, social, and physiological factors to provide more effective health support and interventions for women from different ethnic groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1496889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of pregabalin misuse leading to drug dependence.","authors":"Yaan Luo, Xiafeng Zhou, Ao Xiang, Yaqi Zeng, Jing Luo, Bojie Zhou, Nana Guo, Xuhui Zhou","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1511168","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1511168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregabalin misuse and dependence have become emerging concerns in recent years, particularly in regions where traditional drug-related crimes have been curbed, prompting users to seek alternative substances. Although pregabalin is primarily used for treating conditions such as epilepsy, neuropathic pain, and generalized anxiety disorder, its sedative and euphoric effects make it prone to misuse. This case report presents a 20-year-old male who developed pregabalin dependence after using the drug intermittently at escalating doses over a year. He experienced withdrawal symptoms including palpitations, tremors, irritability, insomnia, and auditory hallucinations upon cessation of the drug, which were alleviated by resuming pregabalin use. Upon admission, he was diagnosed with pregabalin dependence, hyperuricemia, and thyroid nodules. The patient underwent a comprehensive treatment plan involving benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and antipsychotics, leading to substantial improvement in mood, anxiety, psychotic symptoms, and withdrawal symptoms. This case highlights the growing issue of pregabalin misuse, the associated withdrawal symptoms, and the importance of early intervention and systematic treatment strategies. It emphasizes the need for stricter prescription controls, patient education on the risks of misuse, and multidisciplinary approaches to the treatment of pregabalin dependence. Further research is necessary to better understand the mechanisms behind pregabalin misuse and to develop improved prevention and treatment protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1511168"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality of sleep and associated factors among medical interns in public universities in North Ethiopia.","authors":"Dawit Afewerki Meles, Ashenafi Damte Ayele, Hagos Tsegaberhan, Tilahun Belete Mossie","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1448028","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1448028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the quality of sleep and associated factors among medical interns at public universities in North Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study among 259 medical interns using a structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire. We employed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to determine the quality of sleep.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the subjects, 72.6% were screened as having poor sleep quality. Anxiety [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.5, 95% CI: 1.93, 11.50; p < 0.001], poor sleep hygiene (AOR = 4.5, 95% CI: 1.4, 11.65; p < 0.001), current alcohol use (AOR = 3.85, 95% CI: 2.16, 6.89; p < 0.001), and current tobacco use (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 2.3, 25; p = 0.001) were significantly associated with poor quality of sleep.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Poor quality of sleep is prevalent among medical interns. Addressing anxiety, and alcohol and tobacco use and enhancing the practice of sleep hygiene among medical interns requires significant attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1448028"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11968705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, childhood adversities and stressful life events on depressive and anxiety symptoms: insights from the UK Biobank.","authors":"Qianshu Ma, Min Xie, Elyse Llamocca, Yupeng Luo, Liling Xiao, Yiguo Tang, Shiwan Tao, Yulu Wu, Yunqi Huang, Yubing Yin, Yunjia Liu, Siyi Liu, Renhao Deng, Chunxia Qiao, Menghan Wei, Yang Chen, Jia Cai, Hongsheng Gui, Qiang Wang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1488320","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1488320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood adversities (CAs) and stressful life events (SLEs) are linked to depressive, anxiety, and PTSD symptoms. However, their interrelationships are not well studied. We aimed to examine the potential role of PTSD symptoms as risk factors for both outcomes, test the stress sensitization hypothesis, and investigate the pathways linking CAs, stressful life events (SLEs) and PTSD symptoms, and depressive and anxiety symptoms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from adult participants at baseline (2006-2010) and online follow-up (2016) in the UK Biobank. Data analysis was performed from February 24, 2023, to July 12, 2023. Linear regression and serial mediation analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PTSD symptoms was significantly associated with depressive (β = 0.567, p<.001) and anxiety symptoms (β = 0.558, p<.001). The interaction between CAs and SLEs was still significantly associated with depressive symptoms when accounting for those of PTSD as covariates (β = 0.017, p<.001), but not for anxiety symptoms. The serial mediation analyses revealed that SLEs and PTSD symptoms were both significant sequential mediators between CAs and symptoms of depression and anxiety (proportion mediated: 75.14% and 84.27%, respectively, p< 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study provided further evidence for stress sensitization hypothesis only among participants with depressive symptoms and found that SLEs and PSTD symptoms partly mediated the association between CAs and depressive and anxiety symptoms. These findings may provide new evidence to better understand the pathogenesis of depression and anxiety and will help to guide future prevention and intervention for both diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1488320"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969116/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend-analysis reveals real and placebo rtms effects on addiction craving: a case-control observational study.","authors":"Elias Paolo Casula, Francesca Chieco, Magdalini Maria Papaioannou, Fabio Frizzarin, Lorenzo Rocchi, Arianna Camporese","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1441815","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1441815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can be a potential therapeutic tool for the treatment of addiction, thanks to its ability to non-invasively modulate cortical excitability. In the present study, we investigated the short- and the long-term rTMS effects on craving behaviour and psychopathological symptoms in a sample of individuals suffering from gambling and cocaine use disorder.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>42 individuals (age: 40.7 ± 9.5 years; 40 M) underwent an initial screening testing craving behaviour, by means of visual analogue scales, and psychopathological symptoms, by means of Symptom Checklist-90-R. Participants were subsequently assigned to a real or sham (placebo) rTMS treatment of 2 weeks delivered over the left dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex. To assess the short- and long-term effects of rTMS, participants were evaluated again after 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After an initial similar trend in the craving behaviour of the two groups, our trend analysis showed a long-lasting decrease (until 24 weeks) in the real-rTMS group, following a linear trend (p<0.001); whereas the sham-rTMS group progressively returned to the initial level after about 12 weeks, following a quadratic trend (p<0.001). In addition, we observed moderate-to-strong correlations (0.4<rho<1) showing that placebo effects of rTMS were stronger in individuals showing higher level of psychopathological symptoms for the first 4 weeks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results supported a long-term rTMS efficacy for cocaine and gambling craving, for which evidence was still lacking, and the correlation of short-lasting placebo effects and psychopathological symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"15 ","pages":"1441815"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143795350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}