Frontiers in Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"ADHD, stress, and anxiety.","authors":"Petr Bob, Michal Privara","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1536207","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1536207","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent findings on stress and anxiety in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest that specific processes related to brain developmental disorganization could create a vulnerable background that increases sensitivity to stress stimuli from the psychosocial environment. These basic neurodevelopmental processes are closely related to the developmental mechanisms of primitive functions and their integration or disintegration. In this context, the psychopathological processes that manifest in ADHD are linked to the mechanisms of disturbed inhibitory functions that may cause incongruent neural interactions (\"neural interference\") between the more primitive functions and the higher levels of attentional and cognitive neural processes. These disturbed developmental processes may also determine increased sensitivity to stressful experiences that, in ADHD cases, could lead to the manifestations of various psychopathological symptoms such as disturbed attentional and motor functions, anxiety, and depression, among other cognitive and affective disturbances. These findings, based on previous research, suggest novel framework and hypothesis on how this neurodevelopment-based increased sensitivity to stress stimuli could manifest in the etiopathogenesis of ADHD in its relationship with cognitive, affective, and motor deficits.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1536207"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge graph and its application in the study of neurological and mental disorders.","authors":"Qizheng Wang, Fan Yang, Lijie Quan, Mengjie Fu, Zhongli Yang, Ju Wang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1452557","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1452557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease) and mental disorders (e.g., depression and anxiety), pose huge challenges to global public health. The pathogenesis of these diseases can usually be attributed to many factors, such as genetic, environmental and socioeconomic status, which make the diagnosis and treatment of the diseases difficult. As research on the diseases advances, so does the body of medical data. The accumulation of such data provides unique opportunities for the basic and clinical study of these diseases, but the vast and diverse nature of the data also make it difficult for physicians and researchers to precisely extract the information and utilize it in their work. A powerful tool to extract the necessary knowledge from large amounts of data is knowledge graph (KG). KG, as an organized form of information, has great potential for the study neurological and mental disorders when it is paired with big data and deep learning technologies. In this study, we reviewed the application of KGs in common neurological and mental disorders in recent years. We also discussed the current state of medical knowledge graphs, highlighting the obstacles and constraints that still need to be overcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1452557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of smartphone addiction on mental health and its relationship with life satisfaction in the post-COVID-19 era.","authors":"Chunyue Zhu, Shuo Li, Lei Zhang","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1542040","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1542040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Following the COVID-19 outbreak, smartphone usage among quarantined Chinese college students surged significantly, leading to a growing dependency on their devices and adversely impacting their emotional well-being. Consequently, the negative emotions associated with smartphone addiction have emerged as critical factors influencing students' life satisfaction. However, the psychological mechanisms linking these emotional effects to life satisfaction, as well as potential sustainable educational interventions, remain insufficiently explored. This study assessed a sample of 322 undergraduates (51.6% male) using the Mobile Phone Addiction Index (MPAI), the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) to construct a mediation model. The aim was to examine the relationships between smartphone addiction, negative emotions, and life satisfaction. Results revealed that smartphone addiction was significantly positively correlated with negative emotions (r = 0.332, p < 0.01), while negative emotions were significantly negatively correlated with life satisfaction (r = -0.391, p < 0.01). Among these negative emotions, depression emerged as a key factor, intensifying smartphone dependence and detrimentally affecting overall life satisfaction. The mediation analysis demonstrated that smartphone addiction contributes to the development of negative emotions, which in turn reduce life satisfaction. Students with higher levels of smartphone addiction reported heightened negative emotions, leading to more pessimistic coping strategies and, ultimately, a decline in mental health and life satisfaction. This study provides valuable insights into the impact of smartphone addiction on college students' life satisfaction and offers actionable educational recommendations to mitigate its harmful effects, promoting healthier and more sustainable lifestyles for students.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1542040"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11960497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to adopting therapeutic virtual reality: the perspective of clinical psychologists and psychotherapists.","authors":"Anna Felnhofer, Franziska Pfannerstill, Lisa Gänsler, Oswald D Kothgassner, Elke Humer, Johanna Büttner, Thomas Probst","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1549090","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1549090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objective: </strong>Despite evidence supporting the effectiveness of Virtual Reality (VR) for mental disorders, VR adoption in therapy remains low. As VR-technology continues to advance, it is crucial to examine individual and contextual barriers preventing implementation of therapeutic VR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey with closed and open-ended questions regarding knowledge of VR, VR-usage and barriers to VR adoption was conducted among clinical psychologists and psychotherapists in Austria (M_age=51.71 years, 76% women).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 694 participants, only 10 reported using therapeutic VR. Chi-square tests revealed significant differences regarding interest in therapeutic VR based on prior experience, employment status, professional training, and therapeutic cluster. Besides a small age effect, no effects of gender or professional experience were found. Participants interested in VR (interest group, IG) frequently cited barriers and other reasons (see thematic analysis) for not having used VR yet. Those not interested in VR (no interest group, NIG) indicated a lack of relevance, no perceived advantage, or disinterest as reasons for not using VR. Thematic analysis identified four themes shared by both IG and NIG, each encompassing group-specific sub-themes: <i>professional barriers</i> (lack of knowledge, training, time, personal reasons), <i>financial barriers</i> (costs, cost-benefit-ratio), <i>therapeutic barriers</i> (clinical applicability, concerns about \"real\" therapeutic relationship), and <i>technological barriers</i> (immature technology, cybersickness, no equipment).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Significant barriers to the adoption of therapeutic VR among clinical psychologists and psychotherapists are gaps in knowledge and training, financial constraints, and lack of motivation, all of which highlight the need for training and financial support to enhance VR implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1549090"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958971/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case Report: Cannabis and kratom-induced self-amputation of ears and penis.","authors":"Marek Broul, Xenia Rudenko, Adam Bajus, Jiří Král, Dan Mwemena Kyenge, Zdenka Staňková, Jakub Albrecht","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1479863","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1479863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report describes the case of a 31-year-old male lumberjack with severe self-inflicted injuries, including the amputation of both auricles and the penis, under the influence of cannabinoids, mitragynine, and 7-hydroxymitragynine. Emergency surgery was performed, and psychiatric evaluation revealed substance-induced psychosis. The patient's motivation for reconstructive penile surgery led to abstinence from the substance use and cooperation with treatment. Five months after hospitalization, successful penile reconstruction was completed. The patient remained abstinent and was engaged in regular psychiatric follow-ups, showing no signs of acute psychopathology. This case underscores the importance of using a multidisciplinary approach to manage severe self-harm behaviors, and highlights the critical role of patient motivation in achieving positive outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1479863"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11959165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143763747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of victimization in patients with severe mental illness: results from a nation-wide cross-sectional survey in the Netherlands.","authors":"Astrid M Kamperman, Milan Zarchev, Jens Henrichs, Sten P Willemsen, Emmanuel M E H Lesaffre, Wilma E Swildens, Yolanda Nijssen, Hans Kroon, Anneke D J F van Schaik, Mark van der Gaag, Philippe A E G Delespaul, Jaap van Weeghel, Dike van de Mheen, Stefan Bogaerts, Cornelis Lambert Mulder","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1511841","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1511841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine determinants of the prevalence and frequency of criminal victimization (i.e. both personal and property crime victimization) in outpatients with severe mental illness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data was collected using a multisite epidemiological survey including a random sample of 956 adult outpatients with SMI. Data were collected between 2010 and 2012. Data on 12-month victimization prevalence and frequency were obtained using the victimization scale of the Dutch Crime and Victimization Survey. Demographic characteristics, clinical determinants, e.g., clinical diagnosis, psychosocial functioning, drug use and alcohol abuse over the past 12 months, co-morbid PTSD diagnosis, and victimological determinants e.g. physical abuse, physical neglect and sexual abuse in childhood, perpetration of violence over the past 12-months, and anger disposition were assessed as determinants. Univariable and multivariable hurdle regression analyses were conducted to test associations of the potential determinants with victimization prevalence and frequency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twelve-month prevalence rates of personal and property crime were 19% and 28%, respectively. Clinical characteristics were more pronounced regarding personal crime victimization. In the multivariable model, presence of psychotic disorder, drug use, childhood physical and sexual abuse, and recent violent perpetration were associated with the 12-month prevalence or frequency rate of personal crime victimization. Native Dutch and divorced patients were more at risk as well. Next to this being employed, poor social functioning, having perpetrated a violent crime, as well as alcohol abuse and recent drug use were all significantly related to property crime prevalence or frequency rate in the multivariable model. In absolute terms, the effect sizes observed tended to be moderate to small. The multivariate models, however, explained the outcome variance moderately well (Nagelkerke's pseudo R² = 25.0 - 27.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinicians should be aware of the high risk of victimization among their patients with severe mental illness. Particular attention should be devoted to people with substance use histories and perpetrators of violence, since they are also at an increased risk of being victims as well.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1511841"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary results of the EPIDIA4Kids study on brain function in children: multidimensional ADHD-related symptomatology screening using multimodality biometry.","authors":"Yanice Guigou, Alexandre Hennequin, Théo Marchand, Mouna Chebli, Lucie Isoline Pisella, Pascal Staccini, Vanessa Douet Vannucci","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1466107","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1466107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) occurs in 5.9% of youth, impacting their health and social conditions often across their lifespan. Currently, early diagnosis is constrained by clinical complexity and limited resources of professionals to conduct evaluations. Scalable methods for ADHD screening are thus needed. Recently, digital epidemiology and biometry, such as the visual, emotional, or digit pathway, have examined brain dysfunction in ADHD individuals. However, whether biometry can support screening for ADHD symptoms using a multimodal tech system is still unknown. The EPIDIA4Kids study aims to create objective measures, i.e., biometrics, that will provide a comprehensive transdiagnostic picture of individuals with ADHD, aligning with current evidence for comorbid presentations. Twenty-four children aged 7 to 12 years performed gamified tasks on an unmodified tablet using the XAI4Kids^® multimodal system, which allows extraction of biometrics (eye-, digit-, and emotion-tracking) from video and touch events using machine learning. Neuropsychological assessments and questionnaires were administered to provide ADHD-related measures. Each ADHD-related measure was evaluated with each biometric using linear mixed-effects models. In contrast to neuro-assessments, only two digit-tracking features had age and sex effects (p < 0.001) among the biometrics. Biometric constructs were predictors of working memory (p < 0.0001) and processing speed (p < 0.0001) and, to a lower extent, visuo-spatial skills (p = 0.003), inattention (p = 0.04), or achievement (p = 0.04), where multimodalities are crucial to capture several symptomatology dimensions. These results illustrate the potential of multimodality biometry gathered from a tablet as a viable and scalable transdiagnostic approach for screening ADHD symptomatology and improving accessibility to specialized professionals. Larger populations including clinically diagnosed ADHD will be needed for further validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1466107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955964/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of formal thought disorders in child and adolescent psychosis using machine learning and neuropsychometric data.","authors":"Przemysław T Zakowicz, Maksymilian A Brzezicki, Charalampos Levidiotis, Sojeong Kim, Oskar Wejkuć, Zuzanna Wisniewska, Dominika Biernaczyk, Barbara Remberk","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1550571","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1550571","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Formal Thought Disorder (FTD) is a significant clinical feature of early-onset psychosis, often associated with poorer outcomes. Current diagnostic methods rely on clinical assessment, which can be subjective and time-consuming. This study aimed to investigate the potential of neuropsychological tests and machine learning to differentiate individuals with and without FTD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 27 young people with early-onset psychosis was included. Participants underwent neuropsychological assessment using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) and Simple Reaction Time (SRT) tasks. A range of machine learning models (Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest (RF) and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)) were employed to classify participants into FTD-positive and FTD-negative groups based on these neuropsychological measures and their antipsychotic regimen (medication load in chlorpromazine equivalents).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The best performing machine learning model was LR with mean +/- standard deviation of cross validation Receiver Operating Characteristic Area Under Curve (ROC AUC) score of 0.850 (+/- 0.133), indicating moderate-to-good discriminatory performance. Key features contributing to the model's accuracy included IGT card selections, SRT reaction time (most notably standard deviation) and chlorpromazine equivalent milligrams. The model correctly classified 24 out of 27 participants.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This study demonstrates the feasibility of using neuropsychological tests and machine learning to identify FTD in early-onset psychosis. Early identification of FTD may facilitate targeted interventions and improve clinical outcomes. Further research is needed to validate these findings in larger, more diverse populations and to explore the underlying neurocognitive mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1550571"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11955656/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpreting and operationalizing the incurability requirement in Canada's assisted dying legislation.","authors":"Mona Gupta, Jocelyn Downie","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1549289","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1549289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To access medical assistance in dying (MAiD) in Canada, a person must have a \"grievous and irremediable medical condition\" defined in part as \"a serious and incurable illness, disease, or disability\". Thus, the clinical assessment of the incurability of a person's condition is central to determining MAiD eligibility. However, the clinical interpretation and operationalization of the term have been uncertain due to the absence of a clear legal definition and evolving legislation. This has led to confusion and controversy in the public and professional discussion of MAiD eligibility. In this paper, we examine various attempts to interpret and operationalize the term \"incurable\", identifying the limitations of each approach. We aim to overcome these limitations by proposing a method for operationalizing the term. We argue that our approach: (1) is consistent with the current legal framework, (2) is consistent with the interpretations of the terminology used in the <i>Criminal Code</i>, and (3) reflects the clinical knowledge and reasoning about the full range of medical conditions that can lead to a request for MAiD. In our analysis, we show that incurability cannot be understood only as a feature of a person's medical condition but resides in the interplay between the nature of the pathology and the person's treatment decision-making. Our analysis should help with the ongoing operationalization of the incurability requirement in Canada. It may also be helpful to clinicians in other jurisdictions that either invoke or are considering invoking similar terms/concepts.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1549289"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: Safety and side effects of psychotropic medications, volume III.","authors":"Renato de Filippis, Mireia Solerdelcoll, Mohammadreza Shalbafan","doi":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1562008","DOIUrl":"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1562008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1562008"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949921/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}