Food Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Unveiling the prebiotic properties of mushrooms in improving gut health and related diseases","authors":"Francis Ayimbila ,&nbsp;Suttipun Keawsompong","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Edible mushrooms are increasingly recognized as a rich source of prebiotic polysaccharides, presenting a novel strategy to enhance gut health and combat non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This review explores the prebiotic potential of mushroom polysaccharides, emphasizing their ability to selectively promote beneficial gut bacteria and increase short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. It also highlights their potential in managing and preventing NCDs through gut microbiome modulation. It discusses the synergistic effects of mixed bioactive compounds in mushroom powders and extracts, their impact on gut microbiota composition, and the significance of polysaccharides from both intracellular and extracellular sources. Mushroom-derived polysaccharides demonstrated promising prebiotic benefits and significant immunomodulatory effects, indicating their potential as postbiotics. Advanced extraction methods enhance the efficiency and yield of these compounds. Additionally, research suggests these polysaccharides may help manage NCDs by reducing inflammation, improving glucose tolerance, and influencing lipid metabolism. These warrant future research, focusing on unravelling the mechanisms underlying the prebiotic effects of mushroom polysaccharides, optimizing extraction techniques, and conducting robust clinical trials to establish their therapeutic efficacy. Harnessing the prebiotic potential of edible mushrooms could open new avenues for improving gut health and addressing the growing burden of NCDs worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 107040"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glycyrrhizic acid, a natural sweetener, through KLRC2/ZAP70/MAPK pathway attenuates spleen deficiency syndrome in ratsnew","authors":"Xiaojing Zhang ,&nbsp;Tingting Li ,&nbsp;Wenxin Xia ,&nbsp;Xueyan Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glycyrrhizic acid, derived from licorice, is a natural sweetener and widely used in the food industry. In traditional Chinese medicine, licorice is a classic herb used to strengthen the spleen and invigorate qi. However, which monomer components of licorice play a role in the treatment of spleen deficiency syndrome and its regulatory mechanism is still unclear. Based on the SD rat model of spleen deficiency syndrome, this study first determined glycyrrhizic acid (GA) is the active component of licorice for alleviating spleen deficiency syndrome in SD rats by regulating the KLRC2/ZAP70/MAPK pathway. Transcriptomic data indicated that the NK cell receptor KLRC2 might be the target of GA. Molecular docking and BLI experiments determined that KLRC2, ZAP70, and GRB2 were proteins that could bind to GA. The data obtained from animal experiments indicated that GA could decrease the level of apoptotic factors to varying degrees. Overexpression of KLRC2 could significantly enhance the cytotoxicity of NK cells against K562 target cells. Inspired by this result, further animal experiments showed that the expression levels of KLRC2, p-ZAP70, p-MAPK, TNF-α, and GZMB in spleen deficiency rats all increased to varying degrees, and GA could down-regulate the expression levels of these proteins. This provides high-quality experimental evidence for its spleen-strengthening efficacy and enhances the market value and application scope of GA, a traditional sweetener.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 107032"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the microbial cell chassis design and engineering for production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)","authors":"Wenjian Ma ,&nbsp;Jingwen Zhou ,&nbsp;Yaru Cao ,&nbsp;Jianli Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-<em>co</em>-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV), a completely biodegradable polymer, shows promising applications in food and health areas, and owns favorable characteristics due to introducing (<em>R</em>)-3-hydroxyvalerate (3HV) monomer units. Recently, advantages and potential of improving 3HV fraction of PHBV have attracted more attention, then many microbial cell factories and efficient engineering strategies emerged. This review focused on comparing different microbial producers for PHBV production, including <em>Escherichia coli</em>, halophiles, <em>Ralstonia eutropha</em>, <em>Corynebacterium glutamicum</em> and few other microorganisms. For these producers, different supplements of 3HV-related carbon source and metabolic engineering strategies to better form 3HV were summarized. Furthermore, the involved barriers and bottlenecks for PHBV biosynthesis were analyzed, thus some insights such as integrating global regulation engineering strategies and removing safety hazards for optimizing PHBV producers were proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 107036"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144291587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The metabolic regulation mechanism of birchwood polysaccharides inducing Inonotus obliquus to synthesize bioactive polysaccharides","authors":"Feng Yan ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Lu ,&nbsp;Shisheng Tong ,&nbsp;Ruoyu Mi ,&nbsp;Xuan Zhang ,&nbsp;Ping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the mechanism by which birch-derived polysaccharides induce extracellular polysaccharide synthesis in <em>Inonotus obliquus</em> under submerged fermentation conditions. Both cellulose-derived birch polysaccharide (C-48) and water-extracted hemicellulose polysaccharide (H-0) significantly increased α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of extracellular polysaccharide, with increases of 4.09 and 3.44-fold, respectively. C-48 also accelerated the synthesis of extracellular polysaccharides. These differences can be attributed to their differential capacities to activate polysaccharide-synthesizing enzymes and regulate metabolic pathways after absorption by growing mycelia. The addition of both polysaccharides inhibited phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) activity while enhancing the activities of phosphoglucomutase and Uridine Diphosphate (UDP) -glucose pyrophosphorylase, thereby promoting metabolic flux toward UDP-glucose synthesis and increasing the production of bioactive glucans. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that polysaccharide supplementation led to downregulation of key genes involved in glycolysis and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, while upregulating genes associated with gluconeogenesis. These regulatory shifts suppressed glucose catabolism and optimized polysaccharide biosynthesis in <em>I. obliquus</em>. In the C-48 group, regulation of key enzyme genes in the mannose and pentose phosphate pathways promoted the generation of polysaccharide precursors. In contrast, the H-0 group regulated genes involved in pentose interconversion, glycoside hydrolysis, and glycolysis, thereby indirectly influencing glucose metabolism and facilitating extracellular polysaccharide production. These distinct regulatory effects indicate that polysaccharides critically influence the synthesis of bioactive polysaccharides, underscoring their potential as metabolic activators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 107035"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic antifungal activity of Melaleuca alternifolia oil and terpinen-4-ol in stored rice","authors":"Somenath Das","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present investigation aimed to evaluate synergistic antifungal activity of <em>Melaleuca alternifolia</em> essential oil (MAEO) and terpinen-4-ol (MAEO-ter) against <em>Aspergillus flavus</em> and <em>Fusarium proliferatum</em> infestation along with aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), fumonisin B₁ (FB₁), and fumonisin B₂ (FB₂) production in stored rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em> L.) samples. The mechanism of antifungal activity of synergistic formulation was based on the assessment of plasma membrane. Results showed that the MAEO-ter synergistic formulation improved the anti-aflatoxigenic and anti-fumonisin efficacy at lower doses than individual application of MAEO and terpinen-4-ol. The impairment in ergosterol production along with enhanced release of cell contents and high propidium iodide fluorescence intensity suggested plasma membrane as possible target site of action. Moreover, the retardation in methylglyoxal biosynthesis and <em>in silico</em> modeling of terpinen-4-ol with Omt-A, Ver-1, Fum-1, and Fum-6 proteins unveiled the biochemical and molecular mechanism of anti-aflatoxigenic and anti-fumonisin activity. The <em>in situ</em> results exhibited promising efficacy of MAEO-ter synergistic formulation towards the inhibition of AFB₁, FB₁, and FB₂ production along with the suppression of lipid peroxidation, and loss of carbohydrate and protein content (p &lt; 0.05) in rice samples. The acceptable scores of organoleptic properties and favorable safety profile in mice suggested the efficacy of MAEO-ter synergistic formulation as an effective antifungal and anti-mycotoxigenic agent in managing the loss of stored rice samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 107038"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing a synthetic microbial community by analyzing the microorganisms responsible for the core flavor substances of Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar and their interaction","authors":"Yongjian Yu ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Liu ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhu,&nbsp;Ke Wang,&nbsp;Yuqin Wang,&nbsp;Dong Han,&nbsp;Zhen Yu,&nbsp;Siyuan Cheng,&nbsp;Nan Zhang,&nbsp;Shuaiwei Dou,&nbsp;Shiyuan Lin,&nbsp;Ziyi Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The traditional Zhenjiang aromatic vinegar brewing process relies on natural fermentation driven by spontaneous microbial activities, resulting in variability in flavor and quality between batches. This variability makes it difficult to achieve consistent characteristic flavor compounds. To address this, identifying key microbial species and designing fermentation starters can enhance fermentation efficiency and flavor consistency. High-throughput sequencing and cultivation experiments identified <em>Acetobacter pasteurianus</em> A-3, <em>Lactobacillus acetotolerans</em> L-72, and <em>Bacillus licheniformis</em> B-3122 as core functional microorganisms in the fermentation process. Co-culture experiments revealed a commensal relationship between <em>A. pasteurianus</em> A-3 and <em>L. acetotolerans</em> L-72, and an amensal relationship between <em>A. pasteurianus</em> A-3 and <em>B. licheniformis</em> B-3122. The co-culture promoted the accumulation of acids, organic acids, and volatile flavor compounds. The synthetic microbial community, consisting of these three microorganisms, showed improved fermentation characteristics compared to traditional seed <em>pei</em>, including higher temperature, increased total acids, and faster sugar consumption. The vinegar <em>pei</em> also had higher levels of organic acids and volatile flavor substances. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that the interaction between <em>A. pasteurianus</em> A-3 and <em>L. acetotolerans</em> L-72 enhanced the acid production of <em>A. pasteurianus</em> and influenced the metabolism of <em>L. acetotolerans</em>. The interaction between <em>A. pasteurianus</em> and <em>B. licheniformis</em> increased the sugar utilization rate and improved acid tolerance in <em>A. pasteurianus</em>, while also affecting the amino acid and sugar metabolism in <em>B. licheniformis</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 107025"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of bergamot (Citrus medica L. var. sarcodactylis Swingle) extract on acute alcoholic gastric ulcer","authors":"Li Xiaolin ,&nbsp;Wu Zhen ,&nbsp;Luo Liyong ,&nbsp;Zeng Liang ,&nbsp;Wang Yuanhui ,&nbsp;Wang Yongde ,&nbsp;Luo Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the protective effects of bergamot (Citrus medica L. var. <em>sarcodactylis</em> Swingle) extract on acute alcoholic gastric ulcers in mice model. The extract was analyzed for its chemical composition, total phenol and flavonoid contents, and antioxidant activities using DPPH and ABTS assays. Acute gastric ulcers were induced in mice with anhydrous ethanol, and the protective effects of the extract were evaluated by assessing gastric tissue morphology, serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β). LC-MS analysis revealed 674 components in the extract, including flavonoids, saponins, and other bioactive compounds. Quantification analysis of individual phenolic compounds such as gallic acid, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, hesperidin, rutin, neohesperidin, naringin, eriocitrin, limettin, narirutin, oxypeucedanin, and narcissoside showed a total amount of 1451 mg/kg. The total phenol content was 4.74 ± 0.24 % DW (dry weight), and the total flavonoid content was 0.64 ± 0.04 % DW. The extract showed good antioxidant activity, with DPPH and ABTS IC₅₀ values of 287.65 ± 5.38 μg mL⁻¹ and 326.31 ± 10.89 μg mL⁻¹ respectively. Treatment with bergamot extract significantly decreased the gastric ulcer index, increased the ulcer inhibition rate, reduced MDA levels, and increased SOD activity, improving gastric mucosal injury. Furthermore, inflammatory markers TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β were significantly reduced (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). These findings suggest that bergamot extract may offer effective protection against alcohol-induced gastric injury.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 107012"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144335827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the future of probiotics with innovations in delivery systems and market insights","authors":"Alberto Ramírez ,&nbsp;Andrés Bermúdez-Luque ,&nbsp;Juan J. Román-Camacho ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Martín-García ,&nbsp;Jaime Moreno-García ,&nbsp;Mine Güngörmüşler ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Ruiz-Castilla","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Probiotics play a crucial role in human health, biotechnology, and sustainability, driving continuous innovation in scientific and industrial fields due to their beneficial impacts on gut health, immune modulation, and disease prevention. This review aims to explore recent advances in conventional and non-conventional probiotic microorganisms, focusing on their functional mechanisms, innovative delivery systems, and expanding industrial applications. A structured analysis was conducted by reviewing current scientific literature related to conventional and the emerging non-conventional probiotics, as well as an extensive search on their delivery systems and its benefits from a multidisciplinary viewpoint. Key findings highlight that while conventional probiotics are well-established for their roles in gastrointestinal health and immune support, non-conventional probiotics offer unique metabolic and therapeutic potentials, significantly broadening their applicability in personalized medicine, biotechnology, and environmental sustainability. The review also discusses significant advancements in probiotic encapsulation technologies, which effectively enhance probiotic viability, controlled release, and targeted delivery through the gastrointestinal tract. In conclusion, leveraging both conventional and non-conventional probiotics combined with novel delivery strategies presents promising opportunities for future research, improved commercial products and innovative solutions in human health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 107029"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An aptamer biosensing platform for simultaneous quantification of Vibrio alginolyticus and probiotic Bacillus subtilis in shrimp aquaculture","authors":"Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Shen ,&nbsp;Wenjing Gao ,&nbsp;Shaoning Yu ,&nbsp;Bin Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em> and probiotic <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> are two key bacterial species in shrimp aquaculture. <em>V. alginolyticus</em> is a major pathogen responsible for mass mortality events in shrimp populations, whereas <em>B. subtilis</em> functions as a biocontrol agent that inhibits harmful bacterial growth. Maintaining a balanced microbial environment by suppressing pathogens while promoting probiotic efficacy is crucial for ensuring aquaculture productivity and food safety, highlighting the need for efficient bacterial detection methods. Here, we engineered a biosensing platform leveraging fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled fragment crystallizable mannose-binding lectin (FITC-FcMBL) for universal microbial glycan recognition and signal amplification coupled with aptamer-functionalized magnetic beads (Apt-MBs) for the detection of <em>V. alginolyticus</em> and <em>B. subtilis,</em> with a limit of detection of 6 CFU/mL and 4 CFU/mL, respectively. This dual-target bacterial detection approach simplifies the workflow, reduces measurement variability, and enhances practical applicability. The method, which fully exploited the high specificity of aptamers combined with the broad-spectrum recognition ability of FcMBL, was further validated using real samples, including seawater, shrimp intestines, tail muscle, and fish tissue, demonstrating its reliability and effectiveness for bacterial monitoring in aquaculture environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"70 ","pages":"Article 107031"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144290844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative analysis of the transcriptome and starch/sugar content revealed changes in starch and sugar metabolism in durian (Durio zibethinus L.) fruit ripening","authors":"Lalida Sangpong ,&nbsp;Nithiwat Suntichaikamolkul ,&nbsp;Poorichaya Singcha ,&nbsp;Karan Wangpaiboon ,&nbsp;Gholamreza Khaksar ,&nbsp;Supaart Sirikantaramas","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.107028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbohydrates are essential for human nutrition and are derived from a wide range of plants, including economically important fruit crops such as durian (<em>Durio zibethinus</em> L.), which is extensively cultivated across Southeast Asia. Despite the importance of starch and sugars in fruit development and flavor formation, their underlying metabolic pathways in durians remain largely unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, we performed a comprehensive reference-based transcriptomic analysis accompanied by the quantification of starch and sugar dynamics throughout the developmental and ripening stages of the Monthong durian cultivar. A substantial accumulation of starch during fruit development paralleled with the upregulation of key starch biosynthetic genes, including <em>DzAPL1</em>, <em>DzAPS2</em>, <em>DzSS1</em>, <em>DzSBE1</em>, <em>DzSBE2</em>, <em>DzISA1</em>, and <em>DzISA2</em>. In contrast, a decline in starch content during ripening was negatively correlated with the increased expression of starch degradation genes such as <em>DzAMY</em>, <em>DzAMY3</em>, and <em>DzBAM1</em>. Sucrose was the predominant sugar in durian pulp across all stages, whereas fructose, glucose, and maltose were presented at significantly lower levels. Within the durian pulp, <em>DzSPS1</em> and <em>DzSPS4</em> were the key sucrose biosynthetic genes, whereas <em>DzSuSy</em> and <em>DzINV</em> were key contributors to sucrose degradation. Additionally, <em>DzSUC2</em>, <em>DzSWEET10</em>, and <em>DzN3</em> were the major genes involved in sucrose uptake and transport. Notably, sucrose content and the expression patterns of <em>DzSUC2</em> and <em>DzSWEET10</em> were similar in the early-harvesting cultivar Chanee and the late-harvesting cultivar Monthong, suggesting a conserved regulatory mechanism. Collectively, these findings provide novel insights into the complex regulatory networks governing starch and sugar metabolism in durian.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"71 ","pages":"Article 107028"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144296913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}