Food Bioscience最新文献

{"title":"Exploring side streams upcycling for crickets farming: Insects biology and chemical composition","authors":"Aline Pomari Fernandes ,&nbsp;Luisa Helena Cazarolli ,&nbsp;Thais Pigatto ,&nbsp;Emily Trento ,&nbsp;Milena Cia Retcheski ,&nbsp;Leda Battestin Quast ,&nbsp;Silvia Romão ,&nbsp;Luciano Tormen ,&nbsp;Vania Zanella Pinto","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study formulated and evaluated different feeds for farm crickets (<em>Gryllus assimilis</em>) aiming to enhance productive performance, and understand protein, and fatty acid content accumulation. A control feed based on corn-soybean meal-corn oil, recommended by FAO, was compared with a fresh kale supplement, and low-fat variant lacking corn oil. Additionally, three other feeds incorporating the side streams wheat germ, brewing spent grains (BSG), and peanuts were also investigated. The biological parameters of the crickets were influenced by the feeds, with improved early-stage survival rate and adult weight observed with kale, wheat germ, and BSG feeds. The body weight of the insects ranged from 0.5 to 0.75 g. An adequate fat content (&gt;4 %) in feeds is crucial for crickets short development period, oviposition, and egg viability. The total protein content of crickets fed with wheat germ, BSG, and peanut feeds was lower compared to the control, kale, and low-fat feeds, due to lower protein content in side stream feeds. Fatty acid analysis revealed a predominant abundance of C18:2, followed by C18:1, C16:0, and C18:0. BSG resulted in a high abundance of total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), mainly C18:2 (n = 6). Utilizing brewery waste for feed development enhances the sustainability of cricket protein production for food and feed uses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 106431"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) slows fructooligosaccharides fermentation via inulinase suppression and promotes beneficial gut bacteria in vitro","authors":"Bo Cheng ,&nbsp;Hongyan Feng ,&nbsp;Tingting Chen ,&nbsp;Fei Jia ,&nbsp;Cheng Li ,&nbsp;Xiaowei Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) have emerged as a preferred option to promote gut microbiota health. However, rapid fermentation of FOS can lead to an excessive accumulation of gas and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), resulting in symptoms such as flatulence and proximal colon intolerance. In the present study, we investigated the potential delaying effects and mechanisms of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) at varying concentrations on the FOS fermentation rate. The results revealed that EGCG exhibits a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on FOS fermentation. The addition of EGCG significantly reduced the activity of inulinase, an enzyme responsible for FOS degradation. Furthermore, the inclusion of 0.1 % EGCG was found to enhance gut microbiota diversity, promote the growth of butyrate-producing bacteria such as <em>Blautia</em> and <em>Eubacterium rectale</em> ATCC 33656, and inhibit the growth of obesity-related bacteria <em>Megamonas</em>. Our results suggest a novel approach to improve the fermentation characteristics of FOS and highlight the effects of EGCG on FOS fermentation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 106436"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluorescent signal-based molecular method for identification and quantification of adulteration in Panax ginseng from raw materials to processed products","authors":"Wenjun Jiang ,&nbsp;Yifei Pei ,&nbsp;Mingyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Haitao Liu ,&nbsp;Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Hou ,&nbsp;Ziyi Liu ,&nbsp;Haitao Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Xue Feng ,&nbsp;Xiwen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Economically motivated and inadvertent adulteration of <em>Panax ginseng</em> alters the dosage accuracy and composition of ginseng products, ultimately compromising their efficacy and safety. Reliable methods to identify and quantify such adulteration remain inadequately established. In this study, a molecular quantification method (Herb-Q) that integrates species-specific single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) detection with allelic fluorescence signal was developed to identify and quantify ginseng and its adulterants. Three SNPs, distinguishing <em>P. ginseng</em>, <em>P. quinquefolius</em>, and <em>P. notoginseng</em> from other species, were screened from 117 chloroplast genomes and validated using 48 actual samples. Herb-Q exhibits high repeatability and linearity (R² &gt; 0.9900), with limits of detection and quantification down to 1 ng. Its applicability to complex matrices was validated by testing 10 batches of herbal products (HPs) in powder, tablet, and pill forms, of which five were found to be adulterated, with adulteration levels ranging from 6 % to 86 %. The standard curve, correlating allelic fluorescence signals with weight, was generated by introducing six weight ratios of adulterants, and target species quantification was achieved using external standards. The quantitative accuracy of Herb-Q in mixed raw materials and processed products exceeded 95 %. This study presents a novel tool for the quantitative tracking of <em>P. ginseng</em> throughout the food product supply chain and demonstrates its promising potential to combat food labeling fraud.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 106426"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143687897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fermentation of mucilage from Opuntia cochenillifera cladodes with Lactobacillus gasseri: Modification of physicochemical and techno-functional properties","authors":"Shênia Santos Monteiro ,&nbsp;Raphael Lucas Jacinto Almeida ,&nbsp;Newton Carlos Santos ,&nbsp;Waleska Rayane Dantas Bezerra de Medeiros ,&nbsp;Marcus Vinícius Lia Fook ,&nbsp;Hugo Miguel Lisboa ,&nbsp;Matheus Augusto de Bittencourt Pasquali","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mucilage from <em>Opuntia cochenillifera</em> has gained attention for its potential in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications due to its unique functional properties. This study explored the impact of fermentation with <em>Lactobacillus gasseri</em> ATCC 33323 and modified its physicochemical and techno-functional characteristics. The control mucilage (MOC) was obtained through aqueous extraction, while the fermented mucilage (MOCF) was incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. Fermentation reduced monosaccharides, particularly galactose (−21.9 %), arabinose (−20.5 %), and glucose (−0.8 %), identifying galactose as the primary carbon source. MOCF exhibited denser, more compact particles with a smaller average size (48.36 ± 48.57 μm) than MOC (57.77 ± 21.96 μm), enhancing solubility. Spectroscopic analysis revealed biochemical changes in polysaccharides and proteins, while thermal analysis indicated greater thermal stability. Fermentation decreased firmness, consistency, and cohesiveness. Emulsifying capacity improved at a 50:50 ratio (60 % for MOCF vs. 40 % for MOC), while stability remained similar at a 10:90 ratio. MOC's higher viscosity favors thickening applications, whereas MOCF's enhanced solubility and stability suit beverages and low-viscosity products. These findings demonstrate that fermentation is a valuable tool for tailoring mucilage properties to different industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 106424"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metaproteomic analysis of microbial diversity and activity in cassava fermentation for tucupi production","authors":"Alice de Paula de Sousa Cavalcante ,&nbsp;Carla Danielle Gama Brício Feio ,&nbsp;Nelson Rosa Ferreira ,&nbsp;Gilson C.A. Chagas-Junior ,&nbsp;Alessandra Santos Lopes ,&nbsp;Sayure Mariana Raad Nahon ,&nbsp;Isa Rebecca Chagas da Costa ,&nbsp;Hector Herrera ,&nbsp;Rafael Borges da Silva Valadares","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tucupi is a traditional fermented cassava byproduct widely consumed in the Amazon region, valued for its distinctive sensory properties and cultural significance. Despite its extensive use, little is known about the active microbiota involved in its fermentation, and the application of starter cultures remains an unexplored area. Understanding the microbial dynamics of this process is essential for improving product consistency, safety, and quality. To address this gap, this study investigated the microbial profile of fermented cassava wastewater (manipueira) during tucupi production using a shotgun metaproteomic approach. The fermentation process was analyzed over 24 h, focusing on identifying the active microbiota and its response to the addition of <em>Pediococcus acidilactici</em> as a starter culture. The results showed that fermentation was dominated by lactic acid bacteria such as <em>Lactobacillus, Lactococcus,</em> and <em>Limosilactobacillus,</em> alongside yeasts such as <em>Yarrowia, Saccharomyces,</em> and <em>Schizosaccharomyces.</em> The inclusion of <em>P. acidilactici</em> promoted more stable bacterial diversity and increased the expression of proteins associated with glycolysis. However, potential bacterial contaminants such as <em>Clostridium, Staphylococcus,</em> and <em>Streptococcus</em> were detected in both fermentation settings, emphasizing the need for appropriate management strategies to ensure food safety. These findings provide crucial insights into the active microbiota involved in tucupi fermentation, highlighting the role of lactic acid bacteria and the impact of the starter culture. Future studies should aim to isolate key microbial strains and evaluate their influence on the sensory attributes of tucupi, contributing to the development of controlled fermentation processes for this culturally significant product.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 106423"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of hydroxy safflower yellow A and anhydroxysafflor yellow B from safflower florets using natural deep eutectic solvents: Optimization, biological activity and molecular docking","authors":"Chun-Ying Wu ,&nbsp;Bao-Rong Wang ,&nbsp;Si-Yi Han ,&nbsp;Ying-Hua Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhi-Shen Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study established an eco-friendly natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) extraction system for simultaneous recovery of <em>hydroxysafflor yellow A</em> (HYSA) and <em>anhydroxysafflor yellow B</em> (AHSYB) from Safflower florets. Through systematic NADES screening, urea-sorbitol (Ur:Sor, 1:1) demonstrated superior extraction efficiency, yielding 20.98 ± 0.18 mg/g HYSA and 10.79 ± 0.22 mg/g AHSYB under optimized RSM conditions (75 % H₂O, 30 min, 51 °C, 10 mL/g), representing 21 % and 34 % enhancements over conventional solvents. The urea-sorbitol extract has a strong free radical scavenging ability, with a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging rate of 92 % ± 2.6 %; its ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) reducing capacity is 0.72 ± 0.07, and it also has xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory ability (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) is 1.48 ± 0.06 mg/mL). Molecular docking studies showed that both HYSA and AHSYB effectively bind to the active site of XO. Molecular dynamics simulations indicated that these compounds are stable ligands, maintaining high stability during their binding dynamics with XO. The free binding energies of HYSA and AHSYB to XO were −54.72 and −50.51 kcal/mol, respectively. These results highlight the crucial role of NADES in improving the extraction yield and functional activity of bioactive compounds. The obtained compounds thus hold potential applications in the food industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 106418"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A miRNA-mRNA study reveals the reason for quality heterogeneity caused by marbling in triploid rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets","authors":"Falie Shi ,&nbsp;Qianwen Li ,&nbsp;Guoliang Sun ,&nbsp;Fulei Wei ,&nbsp;Zezhong Wu ,&nbsp;Yuqiong Meng ,&nbsp;Rui Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the quality heterogeneity caused by marbling and its underlying mechanisms, muscle fiber (MF) and myosepta (MS) were dissected for quality analysis. The results revealed that MS is the primary contributor to fish flavor due to its high content of triglycerides (TG), lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), ceramide (Cer), phosphatidylcholine (PC), lysophosphatidylserine (LPS), and fatty acid (FA) compositions. To explore the underlying reasons, transcriptome analysis was conducted using miRNA-mRNA sequencing. A total of 100 miRNAs and 4782 mRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) between the MF and MS groups. The targeted DE mRNAs were found to be involved in multiple lipid metabolic pathways. By constructing a DE miRNA–mRNA interaction network, we found that miR-727, miR-133, and miR-210 might play key roles in regulating FA metabolism by targeting genes such as <em>hacd2</em>, <em>fas</em>, and others. Additionally, miR-1 and miR-133 might regulate TG accumulation in MS by targeting <em>lpl</em> and <em>lipin2</em>, among others. Novel-m0348-5p might increase LPS-DHA deposition in MS by targeting the expression of <em>acsl6</em>. Furthermore, miR-206, novel-0031-5p, and novel-0137-5p were found to regulate diacylglycerol and glycerophospholipid metabolism in MS by upregulating genes such as <em>mboat2</em>, <em>dgat2</em> and others. This study provides new insights into the formation of marbling and the molecular mechanisms underlying quality regulation in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 106421"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143686471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the functional potential of porcine hemoglobin: An enzymatic hydrolysis-phosphorylation synergistic modification to enhance minced pork quality","authors":"Lili Liu,&nbsp;Jingyao Duan,&nbsp;Xi Zhang,&nbsp;Kenan Su,&nbsp;Yuhan Duan,&nbsp;Weiwei Cheng,&nbsp;Xinshuai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of enzymatic hydrolysis-phosphorylation synergistic modification on the functional properties and structural alterations of porcine hemoglobin (PHb) were investigated, and the impact of the modified protein on the quality of minced pork was explored. The results indicated that, compared to PHb, the surface hydrophobicity of hydrolyzed-phosphorylated porcine hemoglobin (HP-PHb) was reduced, and its solubility and emulsification properties were significantly enhanced. Moreover, HP-PHb exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging, the strongest hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, the highest ABTS cation radical scavenging ability and Fe²⁺ chelating ability. The SDS-PAGE results indicated that enzymatic hydrolysis led to the degradation of PHb, resulting in the generation of more small peptides, while phosphorylation modifications did not alter the overall structure of the protein. Thermal analysis demonstrated that HP-PHb had a higher thermal stability. Scanning electron microscopy images revealed a looser structure with the appearance of smaller particles. These findings illustrated that synergistic modification significantly enhances the properties of HP-PHb, which is beneficial for efficient utilization in food processing. The addition of HP-PHb improved the pH and water retention of minced pork, reducing the cooking loss from 38 % to 34 %. The non-mobile water peak surface area increased, indicating enhanced water retention. Additionally, HP-PHb contributed to better structural properties, resulting in greater elasticity and a denser fibrous structure in the minced pork. This study provides new insights into protein modification, aiming to increase the added value of porcine blood and its extensive application in meat products.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 106425"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoglycemic effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum B19 via promoting AMPK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway","authors":"Mei-Jie Xiong ,&nbsp;Rui Cui ,&nbsp;Teng-Gen Hu ,&nbsp;Hong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are noted for their effectiveness as an adjunctive treatment in managing disorders related to glucose metabolism. Type 2 diabetes mellitus, a significant contributor to numerous chronic health issues, is tightly linked to insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to screen LAB strains with hypoglycemic ability, assess their probiotic characteristics, and research their <em>in vitro</em> hypoglycemic mechanism based on IR model in HepG2 cells (IR-HepG2). Out of 73 LAB strains derived from traditional Chinese fermented food, <em>Lactiplantibacillus plantarum</em> B19 was chosen due to its superior probiotic attributes, safety profile, and an α-glucosidase inhibition rate surpassing 60 %. The cell-free supernatant of B19 (B19-CFS) was subjected to further <em>in vitro</em> analysis in IR-HepG2 cells. In comparison to the model group, the high concentration of B19-CFS (0.5 mg/mL) treatment group increased glucose consumption and glycogen content by 184.41 % and 44.10 %, respectively. Meanwhile, the content of glutathione increased by 102.34 %, while that of malondialdehyde decreased by 42.86 %. For the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, they increased by 33.95 % and 43.04 % respectively, while the activity of glutathione reductase decreased by 46.67 %. These effects were comparable to those observed with 1 mM metformin. Further examination through RT-qPCR revealed B19-CFS treatment could regulate the mRNA expression related to AMPK/PI3K/AKT pathway. The results indicated that B19-CFS mitigated hepatic IR by activating the AMPK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, promoting glycolysis while suppressing glycogen synthesis and oxidative stress. In conclusion, <em>L. plantarum</em> B19 is a potential therapeutic probiotic for lowering glucose.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 106414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementing Limosilactobacillus reuteri FN041 alleviates hypercholesterolemia via promoting indole-3-carboxaldehyde production by gut microbiota in high-fat diet mice","authors":"Wenhao Wang ,&nbsp;Qingcui Li ,&nbsp;Xin Geng ,&nbsp;Fan Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhongya Wang ,&nbsp;Yiying Wang ,&nbsp;Xue Tang ,&nbsp;Xiangrong Cheng ,&nbsp;Jin Sun ,&nbsp;Ce Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fbio.2025.106393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored how breast milk-derived <em>Limosilactobacillus reuteri</em> FN041 regulates lipid metabolism. C57BL/6N mice on a high-fat diet were treated with FN041, <em>Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus</em> GG, indole-3-carboxaldehyde, or lovastatin (Lova). Low-fat diet-fed mice and those treated with FN041 served as controls. An oral glucose tolerance test was conducted at week 7, with the experiment concluding at week 8. Results showed that all treatments significantly reduced weight gain rate (p &lt; 0.01) and inhibited increases in plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hepatic lipid droplet area, and white adipose tissue area (p &lt; 0.05). Only FN041 significantly decreased body fat percentage (p &lt; 0.05). Mechanistically, treatments attenuated high-fat-induced increases in intestinal permeability and plasma levels of lipopolysaccharide, IL-6, and TNF-α (p &lt; 0.01) while enhancing expression of intestinal Claudin-1 and Occludin. FN041 and Lova increased cecal microbiota richness (Chao1 and ACE indices) and altered β-diversity (PERMANOVA). FN041 specifically upregulated lipid metabolism-regulating bacteria (e.g., <em>Marvinbryantia formatexigens</em>, <em>Bacteroides acidifaciens</em>) and reduced the abundance of <em>Lactobacillus johnsonii</em> and <em>Ligilactobacillus murinus</em>. It also altered cecal and plasma metabolite profiles, increasing levels of cecal indole-3-carboxaldehyde, plsama indole-3-butyric acid, and plsama 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid. In summary, FN041 mitigated high-fat-induced weight gain and lipid disorders by enriching beneficial gut bacteria and producing indole derivatives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12409,"journal":{"name":"Food Bioscience","volume":"68 ","pages":"Article 106393"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}