Folia microbiologica最新文献

{"title":"Targeting the catalytic ATP-binding site of Japanese Encephalitis Virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase using integrated structure-based drug discovery.","authors":"Akshay Kumar Shukla, Mohd Saeed, Divyanshi Shukla, Anuja Mishra, Vivek Dhar Dwivedi, Ramesh Chandra Tripathi","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01601-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01601-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite current advances, Japanese Encephalitis Virus (JEV) still poses a considerable risk because effective antiviral drugs are lacking. The RdRp protein is the main component of viral genome replication and therefore a primary target for antiviral drug development. In this study, we applied a drug discovery protocol with multiple parameters to identify RdRp inhibitors. Using a pharmacophore model, ligand-based screening of the ADMET-like Screening Compound Library, which had more than 448,000 molecules, was carried out, and 102,496 hits were generated. The three-level docking cascade, namely HTVS, SP, and XP, together with an initial MM-GBSA calculation, was used to identify F6548-1309, F0877-0123, and F1683-2814 as candidate inhibitors due to their good binding affinities. Further optimization was done through density functional theory (DFT), and the reactivity and electronic stability of the candidates were studied. Five independent Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with random velocities were carried out to ensure accuracy and reproducibility. The MD simulations revealed that the candidates were dynamically stable. Furthermore, the PCA and FEL showed the candidates' conformational stability. This indicates that the selected compounds have stronger binding affinity to RdRp than the reference compound CHEMBL464432.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149073767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological heterogeneity in mushroom extract antimicrobial research (2012-2025): a structured narrative evidence gap analysis and proposed reporting framework.","authors":"Emily A Soriano","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01600-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01600-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mushroom (Basidiomycete) extracts have been investigated for over two decades as candidate natural antimicrobial agents amid rising concern over antimicrobial resistance, yet the comparability of this evidence base remains unresolved because assay type, solvent system, concentration units, and inoculum standardization vary widely across studies. This structured narrative evidence gap analysis maps post-2012 primary and review literature on mushroom extract antimicrobial activity, assesses whether methodological heterogeneity continues to prevent quantitative pooling, and proposes a tiered reporting framework to guide future standardization. A single-reviewer, AI-assisted search was conducted between 15 January and 30 June 2025 across major databases and Philippine institutional journal platforms, supplemented by two-generation forward and backward citation snowballing from two anchor reviews. This exercise is positioned as a preliminary gap analysis rather than a completed systematic or scoping review; no dual-reviewer screening, licensed database export, or formal risk-of-bias appraisal was performed. Eleven sources met eligibility criteria: three narrative reviews and eight primary in vitro studies. Susceptibility patterns for Gram-positive versus Gram-negative bacteria were inconsistent across the primary studies. Among studies that directly compared solvents, polar organic extracts showed greater antimicrobial activity than aqueous extracts in each of the three studies making a direct within-study comparison, though this pattern rests on a small, species- and method-heterogeneous sample and should not yet be generalised. Outcome units were not interchangeable, and reporting of replicates, inoculum density, and strain identifiers was inconsistent. The standardization gap identified over a decade earlier persists; quantitative meta-analysis is not currently supportable. A two-tier reporting framework is proposed to improve comparability and prepare future primary studies for pooled analysis, pending validation through a broader dual-reviewer systematic review with full database access.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149058858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular silver nanoparticles by Citricoccus alkalitolerans and Brevibacillus brevis using response surface methodology: characterization, antibacterial activity, and biocompatibility assessment on nonwoven fabric for wound dressing applications.","authors":"Heba-Allah Diaa-Eldin, HebatAllah I Youssef, Hassan Gebreel, Hayam A E Sayed","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01589-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01589-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Textile substrates incorporating antimicrobial agents offer a significant advantage in managing chronic wound infections, a major clinical challenge exacerbated by the rising prevalence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. This study aimed to fabricate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with potent antimicrobial activity specifically targeting drug-resistant wound pathogens using a green synthesis approach with locally isolated bacteria. Production was systematically optimized via response surface methodology, and the resulting AgNPs were characterized using UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and transmission electron microscopy, which confirmed nanoparticle formation with average sizes of approximately 10 nm. Optimal biosynthesis was achieved when the producer bacterium was cultured with 1 mM silver nitrate at pH 7 and incubated at 35 °C for 73 h. The biosynthesized AgNPs were subsequently loaded onto nonwoven fabric, a widely used material in wound dressings due to its breathability, absorbency, and conformability and evaluated for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 8739). The AgNP-coated fabric exhibited promising antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens, producing inhibition zones of 29 mm and 27 mm, respectively. These findings demonstrate the potential of bacterially synthesized AgNP-loaded nonwoven fabrics as effective, biocompatible antimicrobial wound dressings for combating multidrug-resistant wound infections in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149059587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic characterization and optimization of waste-valorizing Priestia megaterium GASCKPHA2 for sustainable polyhydroxyalkanoate production.","authors":"Sruthi M, Priya Prasannakumar, Ameena I, Robert Antony A","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01590-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01590-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) is a microbial polyester naturally produced by many microbes as a starvation reservoir. However, their large-scale production is limited due to their high production cost. This study focused on the issue mentioned above by using readily available renewable materials as carbon sources for PHA production. The main aim of this study was to screen and identify a potential bacterium obtained from renewable organic materials for PHA production. The isolates were tested for their PHA-producing ability by primary and secondary screening methods, and the most efficient isolate was identified as Priestia megaterium GASCKPHA2 through phylogenetic studies. The culture conditions were optimized using one- factor-at-a time to increase PHA production using renewable, low-cost carbon substrates. The difference among the results were statistically analyzed. Among all substrates, banana peel extract was found to support high PHA production. The polymer was extracted and analyzed using SEM, FTIR and proton NMR. The characterization studies provide supporting evidence that the extracted polymer was Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) like PHA. The extracted polymer was fabricated into a flexible film, to demonstrate its film forming ability. Further studies are required to evaluate its material properties to evaluate its suitability for biodegradable packaging applications. This study also highlights the application of microbial biotechnology for agro-waste valorization by P. megaterium for sustainable polymer production within a circular bioeconomy framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteriophages and polymeric delivery systems: a mapping review.","authors":"Paula Rogovski, Jéssica Sueli Dos Santos Batista, André Luis Fachini de Souza, Gilberto Melo, Bianca da Costa Bernardo Port, Thiago Caon, Felipe Gomes Dallepiane, Ariadne Cristiane Cabral Cruz, Gislaine Fongaro","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01599-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01599-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacteriophages are viruses that specifically infect bacteria and have emerged as promising agents for bacterial control in human, animal, and environmental fields. On the other hand, their practical application is limited by instability outside the bacterial hosts, which compromises their efficacy. The incorporation of bacteriophages into polymeric materials has been explored as a strategy to protect the viruses from rapid environmental inactivation and, in some cases, to allow controlled release. In this review, association maps provide a broad overview of the main polymers and fabrication approaches used to improve the stability and functionality of bacteriophages for biotechnological applications. A systematic search was performed to identify studies evaluating polymer-bacteriophage composites focusing on polymer types, bacteriophage species and fabrication processes. The results highlight the broad application of alginate and chitosan, mainly associated with ionic gelation technique, targeting bacterial strains including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enterica. The oral delivery of bacteriophages, wound dressings and food packaging are among the main applications. Data revealed polymer and approaches selection are mainly associated with intended uses of delivery systems and the target bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic pre‑treatment-driven dark fermentation of domestic organic waste for high‑yield biohydrogen production.","authors":"Ashwin Jacob, Michał Jan Gęca, Luís Manuel Ventura Serrano, Meher Fathima, Nanthagopal Kasianantham, Ranjitha Jambulingam","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01598-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01598-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The biological conversion of into bioenergy offers a dual advantage of sustainable energy generation and effective waste management. Until now, the efficiency of dark fermentation processes has depended critically on optimized pre‑treatment strategies that unlock fermentable substrates from complex biowaste feedstocks. This study aims to evaluate and optimize multiple pre‑treatment approaches to enhance the simultaneous production of biohydrogen and bioethanol from biowaste. Among the tested methods, the integrated acid-enzymatic hydrolysis pathway released the highest reducing sugar content, increasing it by 39% by effectively depolymerizing lignocellulosic and polysaccharide‑rich fractions. The resulting hydrolysate produced the maximum biohydrogen and minimum bioethanol yields, reaching 97 mL/g and 5.12 mg/g, respectively, under dark fermentation conditions. Comparative assessments showed that ViL enzymatic hydrolysis and acid hydrolysis alone yielded lower biohydrogen yields of 88 mL/g and 75 mL/g, respectively. Overall, the findings highlight that integrating strategic pre-treatment with dark fermentation can serve as an efficient and sustainable route for biohydrogen production from biowaste.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ignatzschineria indica bacteremia in a fatal case of accidental wound myiasis.","authors":"Bretislav Lipovy, Dana Burianova, Marketa Hanslianova, Renata Tejkalova, Barbora Zwinsova, Petra Borilova Linhartova","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01588-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01588-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ignatzschineria indica is a rare Gram-negative bacterium increasingly recognized as a potential human pathogen associated with wound myiasis and severe bloodstream infections. Here we report a fatal case of I. indica bacteremia in a 63-year-old woman admitted to the intensive care unit with septic shock. The patient had arterial hypertension and liver cirrhosis and was found after prolonged immobilization in severely neglected conditions. Clinical examination revealed extensive pressure ulcers complicated by maggot infestation and a left pertrochanteric femoral fracture. Blood cultures became positive for Gram-negative rods, with the isolate identified by mass spectrometry as I. indica. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests using gradient diffusion demonstrated susceptibility to all tested antibiotics (cefotaxime, cefepime, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and gentamicin). However, despite intensive care management, broad-spectrum antimicrobial therapy, and surgical wound debridement, the patient developed progressive multiorgan failure and died from refractory septic shock. Subsequently, the presence of I. indica in the blood culture was confirmed by whole-genome sequencing, showing a 98.8% average nucleotide identity with the reference genome. This case highlights the pathogenic potential of I. indica in patients with neglected myiasis-associated wounds. The rarity lies particularly in the fact that despite all modern available care (including necrectomy, debridement, and treatment with suitable antibiotics), the patient died within three days of admission. This is unique in Central Europe, where no report on lethal infection with I. indica has been reported so far. Hence, this paper can serve as a valuable piece of knowledge on the treatment of maggot-infested wounds, particularly where I. indica infections are concerned.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149037466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and biological evaluation of tris(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphonium-hydrazone derivatives against clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates: antibacterial, antibiofilm, and gene expression analyses.","authors":"Salim Yakut, Hakan Ünver, Akın Yiğin, Mehmet Çimentepe, Fadile Yıldız Zeyrek, Özge Öztürk Çimentepe, Metin Yildirim","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01581-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01581-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, four novel tris(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphonium-hydrazone derivatives were synthesized and structurally characterized by FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. Their antioxidant activities were evaluated using DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assays. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the synthesized compounds were investigated against eight clinical MRSA isolates. Furthermore, the effects of the most active compound on the expression of the icaA, dltB, and mepA genes were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Among the synthesized compounds, compound 1d exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity, with IC₅₀ values of 37.1 ± 0.62 and 23.1 ± 0.70 µg/mL against DPPH and ABTS radicals, respectively. In the disk diffusion assay, all synthesized compounds produced larger inhibition zones than the cefoxitin (FOX, 30 µg) control. Compound 1c demonstrated superior antibacterial activity with MIC values ranging from 0.5 to 1 µg/mL against the tested clinical MRSA isolates. At the MIC level, compound 1c maintained considerable antibiofilm activity, reducing biofilm formation by 30.2-48.4%. Moreover, compound 1c significantly downregulated the expression of the biofilm- and resistance-associated genes icaA, dltB, and mepA. These findings indicate that tris(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphonium-hydrazone derivatives, particularly compound 1c, are promising candidates for the development of new therapeutic agents against biofilm-associated MRSA infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149015722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The agroenvironmental-clinical link of Proteus mirabilis: Genomic epidemiology, clonal relationships, and shared resistance and virulence profiles.","authors":"Luana Carvalho Silva, Gustavo Henrique Migliorini Guidone, Bruno Henrique Dias de Oliva, Arthur Bossi do Nascimento, Nathalia Geovana Nascimento Dos Santos, Beatriz Lernic Schoeps, Bianca Mayumi Susuki, Bruna Larissa Covezzi, Luana Karolyne Salomão de Almeida, Eliana Carolina Vespero, Sergio Paulo Dejato da Rocha","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01594-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01594-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proteus mirabilis is an opportunistic pathogen frequently associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs), with its pathogenicity driven by coordinated virulence traits such as adhesion, biofilm formation, and toxin production. The systemic emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) within this species raises critical concerns regarding its persistence across clinical and environmental niches. This study investigated the virulence profiles, AMR determinants, and molecular epidemiology of P. mirabilis isolates recovered from retail vegetables and human community-acquired UTIs (CA-UTIs) in southern Brazil. A total of 310 isolates were analyzed (110 from vegetables and 200 from UTIs). Multidrug resistance was observed in 36.6-42.0% of vegetable isolates and 16.0% of UTI isolates, while extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) production reached 32.0% in the vegetable group. Notably, the carbapenemase gene bla_KPC-2 was identified in vegetable isolates, representing a critical food safety concern. High-consequence resistance genes, including bla_CTX-M variants, fosA3, and qnrD, were widely distributed. Furthermore, all isolates harbored multi-element virulence profiles-particularly genes encoding fimbriae, proteases, and iron acquisition systems-and exhibited strong or very strong biofilm-forming phenotypes. Clonal analysis revealed tight genetic relatedness between vegetable and clinical isolates, including indistinguishable profiles. Whole-genome sequencing identified shared sequence types (STs), most notably the high-risk clone ST773, alongside internationally reported lineages such as ST135 and ST336. Moreover, conserved mobile genetic environments flanking bla_KPC-2 were structurally characterized. These findings demonstrate that food-associated P. mirabilis serves as an active agroenvironmental reservoir for virulent and multidrug-resistant lineages, posing an unmonitored risk for zoonotic dissemination and human infection within the One Health framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148988614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Synergistic effects of a lytic Salmonella bacteriophage cocktail and selected antimicrobial agents on Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis.","authors":"M Pouladzadeh, S M Hosseini, A Mir-Mohammad Sadeghi","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01595-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01595-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148988626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}