Folia microbiologica最新文献

{"title":"Early and on-site detection of Ganoderma-induced basal stem rot in oil palm: using recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow assay.","authors":"M Amrutha Lakshmi, A I Bhat, P Malavika, M Indraja, B Kalyana Babu, A R N S Subbanna, K Suresh","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01270-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01270-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Basal stem rot disease, caused by Ganoderma spp., is the major economic menace of oil palm cultivation. The disease begins with an asymptomatic phase, progresses to ambiguous foliar abnormalities, and culminates in stress malign fructification stage, the only conclusive visual evidence of infection. At this stage, the pathogen is well-established and resistant to curative measures, highlighting the critical need for early detection. The current study deployed recombinase polymerase amplification-lateral flow assay (RPA-LFA) for onsite and early detection of Ganoderma at the asymptomatic phase. The RPA reaction conditions were standardised with respect to the concentration of magnesium acetate and betaine concentration, incubation temperature as well as time. The assay was validated by analysing pure fungal DNA, pure plant DNA, and crude DNA extracted from palms showing varying degrees of disease severity collected from diverse sampling sources, including soil, stem, and roots. The detection system could detect Ganoderma with crude DNA extracted from asymptomatic palm roots. The method was highly sensitive, detecting as little as 10 pg/µL of Ganoderma DNA at 41 °C for 30 min. This assay, highly specific to Ganoderma, was validated across ten different species of Ganoderma. Further, there was no cross-reaction with ten other oil palm-related microbes/pathogens. To our knowledge, this is the first report to establish an RPA-LFA for the detection of Ganoderma-induced rots. The kit enables rapid and early detection of BSR samples at the point of care, at the asymptomatic stage, and is supportive of prompt and effective management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144316303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alteration of the intestinal microbiota associated with the development of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and sarcopenia in SHRSP5/Dmcr.","authors":"Taketo Fukuoka, Shusei Yamamoto, Koki Honma, Moe Fujii, Hinako Nakayama, Sora Kirihara, Kazuyoshi Gotoh, Shuma Tsuji, Yuki Kawai, Haruka Tago, Yuka Kono, Kunihiro Sonoda, Kazuya Kitamori, Shogo Watanabe","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01283-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01283-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sarcopenia, characterized by skeletal muscle atrophy, was previously considered age-related; however, it is also associated with other diseases. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is known to cause sarcopenia, and its complications have been reported to affect prognosis. The intestinal microbiota of patients with NAFLD or sarcopenia has been found to be altered compared to that of healthy individuals. However, the alterations that occur when both diseases coexist in humans or experimental animals remain unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the intestinal microbiota changes associated with NAFLD with sarcopenia in SHRSP5/Dmcr rats at the time of concomitant disease. Fecal samples were collected from the rectum of SHRSP5/Dmcr rats fed a normal diet (non-NAFLD and non-Sarcopenia, n = 5) or a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (NAFLD and Sarcopenia, n = 5) for 20 weeks, and subjected to 16S rRNA analysis. In the NAFLD and sarcopenia group, the diversity of the intestinal microbiota was reduced; further, the bacterial species reported in patients with NAFLD or sarcopenia were also changed. At the family level, the abundances of Akkermansiaceae, Bacteroidaceae, and Tannerellaceae were significantly higher whereas Ruminococcaceae and Lactobacillaceae were decreased in the NAFLD and sarcopenia group. At the genus level, the abundances of Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, and Parabacteroides were significantly higher whereas the abundance of Lactobacillus was significantly decreased in the NAFLD and sarcopenia group. Overall, these findings help improve the existing understanding regarding the intestinal microbiota changes observed in conditions where NASH and sarcopenia co-occur.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144265823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional validation of OsRPM1 as a positive regulator of bacterial blight resistance in rice via virus-induced gene silencing.","authors":"M Amrutha Lakshmi, Aditya Kulshreshtha, Kalyan K Mondal, Indranil Dasgupta, Aditya Tyagi, Sanjeev Kumar, N S Kalaivanan, S Mrutyunjaya, B Sreenayana, E R Rashmi, Thungri Ghoshal, Neelam Jagram, G K Challa, Chandra Mani","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01280-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01280-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bacterial blight (BB), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), is a major constraint to rice production in humid tropical regions. In the search for new genetic sources of resistance, we focused on OsRPM1 (LOC Os12g30070.1), a rice gene encoding a coiled-coil nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (CC-NB-LRR) protein, structurally similar to well-characterized resistance (R) proteins in Arabidopsis and other plant species. Although its role in rice immunity was previously uncharacterized, transcriptomic profiling revealed that OsRPM1 is significantly upregulated in a type III secretion system (T3SS)-dependent manner during infection with the virulent Xoo race 4, suggesting a pathogen-responsive defence function. To evaluate this, we employed virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) to transiently suppress its expression in rice. Silencing OsRPM1 increased susceptibility to Xoo, resulting in more severe disease symptoms, reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and impaired callose deposition; key defence responses linked to effective resistance. These findings demonstrate that OsRPM1 acts as a positive regulator of rice defence and support its potential as a candidate for broad-spectrum, durable resistance breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144257729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site-specific community structure and plant growth-promoting properties of cultured actinomycetes associated with Deschampsia antarctica from Galindez Island, Antarctica.","authors":"Ivan Roman, Oleksandr Khylchuk, Victor Fedorenko, Oleksandr Gromyko","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01282-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01282-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rhizosphere microbiota plays a crucial role in plant growth and resilience, particularly in extreme environments such as Antarctica. This study explores the diversity and plant growth-promoting properties of actinomycetes associated with the rhizosphere of Deschampsia antarctica on Galindez Island, Maritime Antarctica, under varying microclimatic conditions and human-impacted sites. Using direct inoculation and selective pretreatment methods, a diverse array of actinomycete strains was isolated, representing genera such as Amorphoplanes, Embleya, Kribbella, Lentzea, Micromonospora, Nocardia, Rhodococcoides, Rhodococcus, Saccharopolyspora, Streptomyces, and Winogradskya. Sites influenced by human activity exhibited reduced actinomycete abundance and altered genus ratios compared to less disturbed areas. Among the isolated strains, many demonstrated the ability to produce siderophores for metals such as iron, nickel, copper, zinc, and manganese. Notably, five strains produced siderophores capable of binding all tested metals. Additionally, three strains exhibited the capacity to solubilize insoluble forms of both zinc and phosphorus while producing siderophores for all metals tested. Genomic analysis of one of these strains, namely, Streptomyces sp. Da 82-17, revealed an array of secondary metabolite gene clusters, including those for ectoine, paenibactin, and lidamycin, highlighting its significant biotechnological potential. Functional genomics identified genes encoding phytohormones, such as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and siderophores, which are critical for improving plant nutrient uptake and stress tolerance. These findings underscore the high biosynthetic potential of Antarctic actinomycetes for applications in agriculture, medicine, and biotechnology. Further research into microbiota from both human-impacted and pristine regions on Galindez Island will enhance understanding of microbial adaptation and inform strategies to mitigate anthropogenic impacts, preserving the unique Antarctic ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repurposing of quinine as an antifungal antibiotic: Identification of molecular targets in Candida albicans.","authors":"Sargun Basrani, Shivani Patil, Sayali Chougule, Tanjila Kotalagi, Shivanand Yankanchi, Sankunny Mohan Karuppayil, Ashwini K Jadhav","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01281-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01281-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quinine, a component of the bark of the cinchona tree, is commonly used to treat malaria. The present study focused on the identification of anti-Candida albicans activity of quinine and its mechanism of action. Quinine showed planktonic growth inhibitory activity at 0.5 mg/mL and fungicidal activity at 4 mg/mL concentration. Time-dependent killing of C. albicans cells was seen after the treatment of quinine at 4 mg/mL concentration. The MIC₅₀ of quinine against yeast to hyphal morphogenesis, adhesion and biofilm formation of C. albicans were observed at 0.25 mg/mL, 1 mg/mL and 0.031 mg/mL, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of architecture of quinine treated C. albicans biofilm at 2 mg/mL concentration revealed that biofilm formation was significantly inhibited by the treatment of quinine. Quinine also able to inhibit ergosterol synthesis in C. albicans at the concentration range of 2 to 0.062 mg/mL. Quinine could arrest the cell cycle of C. albicans G2/M and S phase at 0.5 mg/mL. qRT-PCR study has demonstrated that the expression of SOD2 and CAT genes in C. albicans was upregulated by 5-fold and 6-fold, respectively in the presence of quinine at 0.5 mg/mL. To check the in vivo antifungal efficacy of quinine, an experiment was carried out in silkworm animal model and it was observed that quinine exhibits antifungal potential against C. albicans pathogenesis. These findings suggest the potential of quinine as a repurposed agent against C. albicans infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and mechanism of the antioxidant activity of lactic acid bacteria.","authors":"Yuyang Xiao, Jian Yang, Xupeng Zhang, Meng Yang, Yuexiang Qin, Pinfang Huang, Dan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01277-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01277-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lactic acid bacteria (LABs) have emerged as a significant area of study within the field of probiotics due to their diverse health benefits and wide application. This review examines the various methods used to evaluate the antioxidant activity of LABs, including in vitro chemical evaluation methods, cell model evaluation methods, and in vivo evaluation methods. Comprehensive overview of the various assessment techniques employed to elucidate the multifaceted roles of LABs in enhancing the body's natural defenses against oxidative damage. Moreover, this review emphasizes several pivotal aspects of the antioxidant effects of LABs, including the activation of the antioxidant signal pathway, the induction of antioxidative enzymes, the formation of a ROS-binding system, the production of metabolites, the enhancement of intestinal barrier integrity, the activation of the oxidative damage repair system, and the assurance of mitochondrial function. These represent the key antioxidant effects of LABs. The synthesis of this information advances our understanding of the dynamic and diverse antioxidant effects of LABs, providing a foundation for further research into their therapeutic applications in combating oxidative stress-related disorders. Future research should employ multi-omics technologies, genetic engineering, studies on synergistic effects, and large-scale clinical trials to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the antioxidant effects of LABs. This will promote their application in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics, providing a scientific basis for the development of more efficient antioxidant products.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nasibacterium caprae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a goat with respiratory disease.","authors":"Fuxiang Li, Huafeng Gao, Wenhua Zhao, Jianling Song","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01279-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01279-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacteria, designated ZY210820^T, was isolated from the nasal cavity of a goat with respiratory disease in Yunnan Province, PR China. The strain grew at pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum pH 7.0), at 24-39 °C (optimum 37 °C) and with 0.5-2.0% (w/v) NaCl (optimum 1.0% NaCl). Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the strain formed a separated branch within the family Moraxellaceae with the highest similarity of 93.1% to Acinetobacter kanungonis JCM 34131^T. Phylogenomic analysis of 327 single-copy protein sequences revealed that the strain belonged to the family Moraxellaceae and constituted a separated branch. The genomic G + C content was 35.5%. The highest orthologous average nucleotide identity (OrthoANI), digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), and average amino acid identity (AAI) values between the strain and the type strains in the family Moraxellaceae were 72.5% (Acinetobacter calcoaceticus DSM 30006^T), 37.0% (Fluviicoccus keumensis JCM 19370^T), and 64.0% (Acinetobacter kanungonis JCM 34131^T), respectively. The predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, cardiolipin, monolysocardiolipin, and diacylglycerol. The strain contained C_12:0, C_16:0, summed feature 3 (C_16:1ω7c and/ or C_16:1ω6c), C_17:0, and C_15:1ω6c as the major fatty acid (> 5%) and CoQ-9 as the major respiratory quinone. The results of the polyphasic analysis revealed that strain ZY210820^T represents a novel species of a new genus in the family Moraxellaceae, and the name Nasibacterium caprae gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is ZY210820^T (= CCTCC AB 2021475^T = NBRC 115474^T).</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144233687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urine-based ELISA for non-invasive diagnosis of urogenital schistosomiasis: a promising tool for resource-limited regions.","authors":"Tajudeen O Oriade, Kabirat A Sulaiman, Timothy Auta, Funmilayo I D Afolayan, Alexander B Odaibo, Rafaella F Q Grenfell, Ramzy G Fatem, Oyetunde T Oyeyemi","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01278-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01278-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional serological diagnosis can be invasive and uncomfortable, potentially discouraging patients, especially women and children, from seeking diagnosis and treatment. In resource-limited, endemic regions, non-invasive diagnostic approaches are highly desirable. This study investigated the potential of urine-based ELISA using Schistosoma haematobium soluble egg-based (Sh-SEA) and worm antigen protein (Sh-WAP) for diagnosing urogenital schistosomiasis. Urine samples were disaggregated into three groups; 50 laboratory-confirmed S. haematobium-positive individuals, 50 S. haematobium-negative individuals from the endemic area (NE), and 50 non-infected samples from a non-endemic area (NNE) were used for the ELISA immunoassay. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, sensitivity (SS), and specificity (SP). The Sh-SEA ELISA with urine demonstrated superior diagnostic accuracy compared to Sh-WAP in both endemic (AUC = 0.89, SS = 92%, SP = 74%) and non-endemic areas (AUC = 0.77, SS = 80%, SP = 46%). Notably, both Sh-SEA and Sh-WAP antibody titers were significantly higher in infected individuals compared to the non-infected samples in both endemic and non-endemic areas (p < 0.0001). This study's findings suggest that urine-based ELISA using Sh-SEA and Sh-WAP antigens exhibits promising potential as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for urogenital schistosomiasis, particularly in resource-limited settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structure-based design of Mycobacterium tuberculosis PptT-ACP complex inhibitors using derivative design and machine learning.","authors":"Badriyah Shadid Alotaibi, Vivek Dhar Dwivedi, Mohammad Amjad Kamal","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01274-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01274-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains a critical global health challenge, particularly with the rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains. This study employed a comprehensive computational approach to identify and optimize inhibitors targeting the PptT-ACP complex, a key enzyme in MTB lipid biosynthesis. Virtual screening of FDA-approved compounds identified Mk3207 as a promising candidate. Stability analysis through molecular dynamics (MD) simulations validated its selection for derivative design. Three chemically tractable regions suitable for structural modification were identified, and the second region was selected for derivative design due to its favorable structural properties and binding interactions. One hundred derivatives were designed using ADMEopt and screened virtually, resulting in three top derivatives selected alongside Mk3207 for further evaluation. All compounds underwent 200 ns MD simulations in triplicate, with Compound_36 exhibiting the highest binding stability, as indicated by low root mean square deviation (RMSD) and root mean square fluctuation (RMSF) values, followed by Compound_98 and Compound_60. Free energy landscape (FEL) and principal component analysis (PCA) confirmed the thermodynamic stability of these derivatives. Predicted biological activity using machine learning (Random Forest Regression) indicated pIC50 values of 25.64, 22.43, 22.32, and 26.26 for Compound_36, Compound_98, Compound_60, and Mk3207, respectively. This study demonstrates the potential of derivative design and machine learning in designing potent MTB inhibitors, providing strong candidates for experimental validation to combat drug-resistant TB effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144208122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of alkaline protease enzyme produced from marine yeast Candida orthopsilosis AKB-1 and its applications.","authors":"Anwesha Sarkar, Anjukrishna S R, Bhaskara Rao K V","doi":"10.1007/s12223-024-01216-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12223-024-01216-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study has undertaken the isolation of marine yeasts from mangrove sediment samples and their ability to produce alkaline protease enzymes. A total of 14 yeast isolates were recovered on yeast-malt agar (YMA) and yeast extract peptone dextrose (YEPD) agar medium. After screening for proteolytic activity on skim milk agar, marine yeast isolate, AKB-1 exhibited a hydrolysis zone of 18 mm. Optimal conditions for the enzyme production from yeast isolate AKB-1 were at 30 °C, pH 8, fructose as carbon source, potassium nitrate as nitrogen source, and 25% saline concentration. Under the optimal conditions, the protease enzyme activity of the isolate AKB-1 was observed to be 978 IU/mL. The structural and functional analysis was carried out through FTIR and HPLC analysis for the extracted protease enzyme. Furthermore, the enzyme produced was partially purified by solvent extraction using ethyl acetate and ammonium sulfate precipitation (3.4-fold) followed by dialysis (56.8-fold). The molecular weight of the purified enzyme was observed to be around 60 kDa using SDS-PAGE. The extracted protein showed good antibacterial activity against six different clinical bacterial pathogens and the highest against Bacillus cereus (16 ± 0.5 mm). The extracted protease enzyme was revealed to remove blood stains from cloth within 20 min of application similar to the commercial detergent. The marine yeast isolate was further identified as Candida orthopsilosis AKB-1 (Accession number KY348766) through 18S rRNA sequencing, and a phylogenetic tree was generated.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":"631-643"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}