Folia microbiologica最新文献

{"title":"Comparison of Viral RNA Extraction Protocols for Senecavirus A and Classical Swine Fever Virus.","authors":"Antônio Augusto Fonseca Júnior, Mateus Laguardia-Nascimento, Aline Aparecida Silva Barbosa, Valdenia Lopes da Silva Gonçalves, Carla do Amaral Pinto, Tânia Rosária Pereira Freitas, Anselmo Vasconcelos Rivetti Júnior, Marcelo Fernandes Camargos","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01326-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01326-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated four commercial viral RNA extraction protocols using samples inactivated with TRIzol®, aiming to detect Senecavirus A (SV-A) and Classical Swine Fever Virus (CSFV). The tested kits were: RNeasy® (Qiagen), IndiSpin (Indical), Aurum (BioRad), and Direct-zol (Zymo), which were compared to the traditional method with Tri Reagent (Sigma). The analyses were based on the sensitivity and speed of extractions in a routine laboratory setting. The results showed that adaptations in the protocols can increase detection sensitivity. Clinical samples were processed using different protocol variations, with RNeasy® demonstrating notable performance, including samples collected using GenoTube®, which suggests its viability for field molecular diagnosis. The study concludes that, although TRIzol® is effective, alternative methods offer practicality, shorter extraction time, and equivalent or superior sensitivity, especially in clinical samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145069394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial potential of antidepressants against extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli.","authors":"Cecília Rocha da Silva, Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá, Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral, Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues, Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira, Érica Rayanne Mota da Costa, Thais Lima Ferreira, Maria Janielly Castelo Branco Silveira, Tatiana do Nascimento Paiva Coutinho, Letícia Bernardo Barbosa, Igor Gomes Aguiar, Bruno Coêlho Cavalcanti, Amanda Cavalcante Leitão, Manoel Odorico de Moraes, Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior, João Batista de Andrade Neto","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01339-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01339-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli strains producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases is a growing global health concern, compounded by the shortage of new antibiotics. Drug repositioning offers a promising alternative, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have recently shown unexpected antibacterial properties. This study evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activity of sertraline, paroxetine, and fluoxetine against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli, their interactions with ciprofloxacin and meropenem, and their mechanisms of action. Antibacterial activity was assessed by the broth microdilution method, and drug interactions were evaluated using the checkerboard assay. Flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy were employed to investigate reactive oxygen species generation and DNA damage. The tested compounds exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 64 to 426.7 μg/mL. Combinations with ciprofloxacin or meropenem showed indifferent effects. Mechanistic analyses revealed that the antidepressants increased reactive oxygen species production and induced DNA damage, leading to apoptosis-like bacterial cell death and a significant reduction in viability. These findings demonstrate that sertraline, paroxetine, and fluoxetine have antibacterial activity against extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and induce cell death via oxidative stress and genomic damage. Although no synergistic interaction was observed with conventional antibiotics, the data support the potential of these compounds as adjuvants in the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the gut microbial diversity of Mytilus coruscus with different growth rates.","authors":"Jiaxin Gao, Xiaoao Yang, Pengzhi Qi, Liangming Chen, Peipei Fu, Denghui Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01329-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01329-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To examine intestinal microbiota-growth rate relationships in Mytilus coruscus, we analyzed genetically similar individuals under uniform aquaculture conditions using 16S rRNA sequencing, comparing fast-growing (L) and slow-growing (S) groups. Results demonstrated that Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota were the dominant phyla in the intestine of M. coruscus, and Pseudoalteromonas and Vibrio were the dominant genera. The relative abundances of Proteobacteria (84.30%) and Pseudoalteromonas (44.64%) in group L were significantly higher than those in group S (69.50% and 15.41% respectively), while the relative abundances of Bacteroidota (9.49%) and Tenacibaculum (2.21%) in group L were significantly lower than those in group S (19.42% and 4.54% respectively) (p < 0.05). In terms of diversity analysis, the microbial α diversity (Shannon and Simpson indices) in group L was significantly lower than that in group S. Beta diversity analysis (PCoA and PERMANOVA) showed that there were significant differences in the intestinal microbiota structure between group L and group S. Pearson correlation analysis further found that the relative abundance of Amphritea was significantly positively (r = 0.78-0.81, p < 0.05) correlated with the growth rate of M. coruscus, while Tenacibaculum was significantly negatively (r = -0.72-0.73, p < 0.05) correlated. In addition, functional prediction via PICRUSt indicates Amphritea may promote growth by enhancing host nutrient metabolism, while Tenacibaculum enrichment might hinder host development through resource competition or metabolic interference. This study demonstrates the association between M. coruscus growth rate and gut microbiota, provides a basis for promoting its growth by regulating the intestinal microbiota, and holds significant reference value for efficient aquaculture production and health management.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145052616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of physical parameters on EPS production and gene expression in Ligilactobacillus salivarius KC27L and Limosilactobacillus reuteri KC21L strains.","authors":"Aysegul Aybuke Bayburt, Zehranur Yuksekdag, Berat Cinar-Acar","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01330-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01330-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two lactic acid bacteria strains, Ligilactobacillus salivarius KC27L and Limosilactobacillus reuteri KC21L, were investigated for their ability to produce exopolysaccharides (EPS). The study evaluated the influence of different physical and nutritional factors, including carbon and nitrogen sources, pH, incubation time, temperature, and CO₂ concentration, to identify optimal conditions for EPS production. Under optimized conditions, L. salivarius KC27L reached 464 mg/L and L. reuteri KC21L achieved 433 mg/L, representing substantial increases compared to standard medium. A combined culture strategy, integrating sucrose as the primary carbon source and strain-specific nitrogen supplements, further enhanced yields and demonstrated the importance of tailored optimization. To gain molecular insight, expression levels of key EPS biosynthesis genes were examined under control versus optimized conditions. In L. salivarius KC27L, upregulation of the epsC gene was observed, suggesting its central role in enhanced EPS production, while other genes showed reduced expression. In L. reuteri KC21L, most analyzed genes were downregulated, indicating strain-specific regulatory mechanisms. Overall, the findings highlight the potential of optimization strategies to significantly enhance EPS yields in LAB strains. Moreover, the observed link between growth conditions and epsC expression provides a promising molecular target for improving EPS biosynthesis, supporting the industrial and biotechnological application of these strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145052657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbiological diagnostics and their impact on hematology nursing.","authors":"Fang Wang, Jinling Xia, Jia Sun","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01335-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01335-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbiological diagnostics have become a foundational element in hematology nursing, where early and accurate infection detection is vital for immunocompromised patients. This review explores how both traditional techniques, such as microscopy, culture, and antigen detection, and emerging technologies, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, contribute to clinical decision-making and infection control. These tools not only accelerate pathogen identification and resistance profiling but also support precision medicine approaches tailored to hematologic patient needs. The expanding role of hematology nurses is emphasized, particularly in diagnostic stewardship, specimen collection, result interpretation, and coordination of infection management strategies. Educational interventions have proven effective in reducing contamination rates and improving antimicrobial targeting. Furthermore, novel point-of-care platforms, such as CRISPR-based diagnostics and AI-enhanced digital PCR, are shifting diagnostic capabilities closer to the bedside, redefining nursing workflows and responsibilities. These innovations empower nurses to engage in real-time clinical decisions, monitor therapy responses, and enhance patient education regarding diagnostic procedures and infection risks. However, gaps remain in microbiology-related training and confidence among nurses, highlighting the need for integrated educational curricula and interdisciplinary collaboration. By aligning technological advancements with frontline nursing practice, microbiological diagnostics not only optimize patient outcomes but also elevate the role of nurses as key stakeholders in infection prevention, antimicrobial stewardship, and evidence-based care. This review underscores the urgent need to equip hematology nurses with the skills and tools necessary to adapt to the rapidly evolving diagnostic landscape in order to support safe, timely, and personalized healthcare delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmental analysis of esophageal and gastric fundus microbiome diversity in reflux esophagitis.","authors":"Kexu Xiang, Li Huang, Juncheng Liu, Weiqing Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01328-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01328-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microbiome dysbiosis in reflux esophagitis has been extensively studied. However, limited research has examined microbiota across different segments of the upper gastrointestinal tract in reflux esophagitis. In this study, we investigated microbial alterations in three esophageal segments (upper, middle, and lower) and the gastric fundus of reflux esophagitis patients and healthy controls. In healthy individuals, the gastric fundus harbored a microbiota composition distinct from that of all esophageal segments. In reflux esophagitis patients, the regional distinction was absent, with similar microbial profiles across the esophagus and gastric fundus. At the genus level, notable compositional shifts were observed between the healthy and reflux esophagitis groups. In controls, the microbiota was dominated by Streptococcus (24.45%), Achromobacter (14.14%), and Prevotella (6.58%). In reflux esophagitis patients, Streptococcus (20.03%) remained the dominant genus, followed by an increased abundance of Prevotella (9.38%). Multilevel LEfSe analysis identified Prevotella as a potential microbial marker of reflux esophagitis. These findings indicate that reflux esophagitis is associated with widespread microbiota alterations extending throughout the esophageal tract and the gastric fundus.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145032952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial enriched vermicompost efficiently substitutes soil nutrients, microbial populations and enzymatic activity for the growth and yield of tuberose (Agave amica Medik.) cv. Single.","authors":"Mukesh Kumar, Veena Chaudhary, Vidisha Chaudhary, Ravi Kumar, Krishna Kaushik, Rajan Bhatt, R K Naresh, Ahmed Gaber, Akbar Hossain","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01325-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01325-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the study was to reduce the chemical fertilizers with microbial inoculant-rich vermicompost, which enhanced the growth, flowering, and soil health of the tuberose crop. A total of six treatments were applied with reducing doses of synthetic fertilizers under a factorial randomized design and replicated thrice. In this study, vermicompost (VC) made from cow dung and vegetable waste utilizing Eisenia foetida and their mixed biomass were enriched with microbial inoculants and assessed for their impact on microbial and enzymatic populations including urease, acid phosphatase activity and dehydrogenase activity in soil, nutrient availability, and tuberose development and flowering. The enriched vermicompost was effectively prepared through seventy- day incubation process involving rock phosphate, Azotobacter chroococcum, phosphate-solubilizing bacteria (Bacillus megaterium), and potassium-solubilizing bacteria (Frateuria aurantia). Compared with simple vermicompost, enriched vermicompost was found to be superior in terms of N, P, K, and micronutrient contents. The tuberose growth parameters revealed that treatment T₃ (8-ton enriched VC ha^-1) had the minimum number of days for 50% sprouting and the maximum number of leaves/plant among the different treatments, whereas T₅ (50% RDF ha^-1 + 4-ton enriched VC ha^-1) and T₆ (25% RDF ha^-1 + 6-ton enriched VC ha^-1) had the maximum plant height and the maximum number of shoots/bulb, respectively. With respect to the flowering parameters, plants fertilized with T₄ (75% RDF ha^-1 + 2-ton enriched VC ha^-1) resulted in a minimum of 50% blooming, and plants fertilized with T₅ presented a minimum number of days to spike visibility and opening of flowers and were superior in terms of the maximum floret and spike length, number of spikes/bulb, number of florets/spike, and vase life of the spike. Higher NP and K contents and soil microbial and enzymatic activities, such as those of soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, total microbial population, urease, acid phosphatase, and dehydrogenase activities, were recorded in treatment T₃, whereas the soil organic carbon content was on par with those in treatments T₃ and T₆. This study suggests that enriched vermicompost may replace 50% of synthetic fertilizers, increase flower yield, and improve soil health of tuberose.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145023152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacillus toyonensis BAR1, a yellow-pigment producing endophyte of Berberis aristata DC: a potential source of bioactive and antimicrobial compounds.","authors":"Abdul Basit, Fawad Hussain, Inzimam Ul Haq, Hadia Naz, Asad Zia, Ishtiaq Hassan, Syed Jawad Ali Shah, Nisar Ahmad, Ikram Ullah","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01318-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01318-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herein, we report the isolation and characterization of an endophytic bacterium associated with the Berberis aristata roots to uncover bioactive compounds, particularly Antimicrobials, using submerged culture. The bacterial isolate was identified via 16S rDNA sequence analysis and characterized using morphological, microscopic, and biochemical techniques. It was identified as Bacillus toyonensis strain BAR1, a motile, gram-positive, halotolerant bacterium capable of producing yellow pigments. The isolate was cultured under submerged fermentation conditions for secondary metabolites production, followed by their extraction, identification, and in-vitro biological activities evaluation. Colorimetric phytochemical analysis of crude secondary metabolite extract revealed diverse phytochemical classes, including phenolics, alkaloids, tannins, and terpenoids. UV-visible spectrophotometry of the extract identified two yellow pigments, carotenoids and berberine, while GC-MS-based metabolomic profiling detected several important bioactive compounds and peptides, including calein C, carnegine, and deoxyspergualin. The extract demonstrated significant concentration and time dependent antioxidant and antibacterial activities, particularly against multidrug-resistant Enterobacter cloacae, Bacillus subtilis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In conclusion, Bacillus toyonensis BAR1 is a potential microbial factory for sustainable production of bioactive compounds and yellow pigments, with promising applications in pharmaceuticals, textile and food industries, pending further validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145000006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The preventive and therapeutic role of native probiotic Lactobacillus species in controlling inflammation.","authors":"Sara Abdollahi, Sedigheh Mehrabian, Mohammad Reza Pourshafie, Mahdi Rohani","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01321-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01321-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic condition that leads to inflammation and damage to the gastrointestinal tract. Since dysregulation of the immune system is one of the triggers for IBD, taking probiotics as an immunomodulator in the gut could help control inflammation and IBD by influencing signaling pathways. The present research applied in vitro models to explore the effectiveness of our native probiotic Lactobacillus spp. in regulating MAPK and MYD88-independent inflammatory signaling pathways. We exposed HT-29 cells to Gram-negative bacteria to assess changes in inflammation-related pathways. Treatments were performed before, after, and simultaneously with a cocktail of Lactobacillus spp. (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PR 365, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PR 42, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus PR 195, Levilactobacillus brevis PR 205, Limosilactobacillus reuteri PR 100). This assessment was conducted using the quantitative real-time PCR method. According to our research, the expression of MAPK and MYD88-independent signaling pathways genes increased after exposure to Gram-negative components; however, using of our probiotic strains resulted in a significant reduction in the expression levels of MAPK genes in all treatments and phases. The expression levels of MYD88-independent genes were different following treatment with our selected Lactobacillus strain. The Lactobacillus spp. strains demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects on HT-29 cells by modulating MAPK and MYD88-independent signaling pathways. Our results indicate that these native potential probiotic strains exhibited beneficial effects in all three treatment phases. Therefore, it can be inferred that these probiotic strains, as beneficial agents, may be considered for the prevention and treatment of inflammation-related diseases such as IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144991912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Colorimetry has practical advantages over spectrophotometry for estimating entomopathogenic fungi spore concentration in aqueous suspensions.","authors":"Christian Jesús Mora-Pérez, Ernesto Favela-Torres, Roberto Montesinos-Matias, Angélica María Berlanga-Padilla, Fernando Méndez-González","doi":"10.1007/s12223-025-01320-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-025-01320-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate quantification of spore concentration is essential in producing, analyzing, and applying diverse biotechnological products. Typically, spore concentration is estimated using a Neubauer hemocytometer, which is labor-intensive, time-consuming, and often imprecise. Methods based on spore optical properties can be explored as an alternative to using the Neubauer hemocytometer, improving the practicality and precision of analysis. This study aimed to establish the analysis conditions for quantifying the spore concentration using spectrophotometry and colorimetry (using L*a*b color space). For this study, spores from entomopathogenic fungi Beauveria bassiana, Hirsutella thompsonii, Cordyceps fumosorosea, Cordyceps javanica, Akanthomyces dipterigenus, Metarhizium acridum, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Metarhizium robertsii were produced and analyzed. The results indicate that both spectrophotometry and colorimetry analysis accurately estimate spore concentration. The quantification ranges achieved with both methods directly depend on the spore volume. Spores with a 15 µm³ or less volume exhibit a wider quantification range than those with larger volumes. Moreover, the L*a*b* color space analysis allows quantifying spores in a concentration range from 4.5 × 10⁶ to 3 × 10⁸ spores/mL, which is wider than the range obtainable through spectrophotometry. This extended concentration range provided by colorimetry offers a practical advantage for producing and applying entomopathogenic fungi spores.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144948311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}