Microbiological diagnostics and their impact on hematology nursing.

Microbiological diagnostics have become a foundational element in hematology nursing, where early and accurate infection detection is vital for immunocompromised patients. This review explores how both traditional techniques, such as microscopy, culture, and antigen detection, and emerging technologies, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS), and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, contribute to clinical decision-making and infection control. These tools not only accelerate pathogen identification and resistance profiling but also support precision medicine approaches tailored to hematologic patient needs. The expanding role of hematology nurses is emphasized, particularly in diagnostic stewardship, specimen collection, result interpretation, and coordination of infection management strategies. Educational interventions have proven effective in reducing contamination rates and improving antimicrobial targeting. Furthermore, novel point-of-care platforms, such as CRISPR-based diagnostics and AI-enhanced digital PCR, are shifting diagnostic capabilities closer to the bedside, redefining nursing workflows and responsibilities. These innovations empower nurses to engage in real-time clinical decisions, monitor therapy responses, and enhance patient education regarding diagnostic procedures and infection risks. However, gaps remain in microbiology-related training and confidence among nurses, highlighting the need for integrated educational curricula and interdisciplinary collaboration. By aligning technological advancements with frontline nursing practice, microbiological diagnostics not only optimize patient outcomes but also elevate the role of nurses as key stakeholders in infection prevention, antimicrobial stewardship, and evidence-based care. This review underscores the urgent need to equip hematology nurses with the skills and tools necessary to adapt to the rapidly evolving diagnostic landscape in order to support safe, timely, and personalized healthcare delivery.