Folia microbiologica最新文献

{"title":"Characterization of a K62-specific phage depolymerase and its protective effect in a mouse model of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection.","authors":"Can Wang, Ruilin Yang, Jinpan Wei, Lei Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01605-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01605-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multidrug-resistantKlebsiella pneumoniae has emerged as a formidable healthcare challenge, driving the urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies such as phage therapy. In this study, we isolated and comprehensively characterized a novel phage, designated vB_Kp_IME328 (IME328), which exhibits highly specific bactericidal activity against K62-type K. pneumoniae. Morphological analyses revealed that IME328 forms plaques surrounded by distinct translucent halos and possesses a long tail, clustering it within the Webervirus genus. Through whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis, we identified ORF3 as the gene encoding a putative tail-fiber depolymerase. This gene was successfully cloned and expressed, yielding the recombinant protein Dp3. Functional assays confirmed that Dp3 possesses robust depolymerizing and antibacterial activities. In vitro, Dp3 acted synergistically with serum to effectively eradicate the target bacteria. Furthermore, live/dead cell staining and cellular assays demonstrated that Dp3 significantly enhances the phagocytic and intracellular bactericidal capacities of macrophages. In vivo evaluations using a lethal murine bacteremia model (inoculated with 6 × 10⁷ CFU) showed that Dp3 administration conferred 100% protection and survival, whereas all untreated infected mice succumbed to the infection. Together, our findings highlight the targeted anti-virulence properties of the depolymerase Dp3. By enhancing host-mediated immune clearance, Dp3 offers a promising therapeutic strategy against antibiotic-resistant K62-type K. pneumoniae infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149149217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tegoprazan regulates gut microbiota structure in Helicobacter pylori-induced ulcerative colitis mice.","authors":"Aijie Tang, Min Zhao, Yifan Long, Yongguo Cai","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01603-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01603-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection promotes pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Tegoprazan, as the firs-line therapy for H. pylori eradication, alleviates inflammatory bowel disease. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Tegoprazan on UC. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection was performed to establish a mouse UC model. Histological analysis was conducted using HE staining and Alcian blue-periodic acid Schiff staining. Gene expression was detected using Western blot and RT-qPCR. Cytokine levels were analyzed using ELISA. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using TUNEL. Gut microbiota structure was analyzed using 16s rRNA sequencing. Tegoprazan alleviated H. pylori infection-induced the destruction of the crypt structure and intestinal barrier structure. Moreover, Tegoprazan inhibited the inflammatory response and the death of goblet cells. Moreover, gut microbiota achieved a new equilibrium state. Teg mediated the eradication of H. pylori and the release of short-chain fatty acids. Taken together, Tegoprazan protects against the progression of UC through regulating gut microbiota and regulating fatty acid metabolism, improving intestinal mucosal barrier integrity. Clinical trial: not applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond probiotics and pathobionts: mechanistic roles of enterococcus-derived bioactive components in health and disease.","authors":"Husni Farah, G PadmaPriya, Samir Sahoo, Shrey Kumar Srivastav, Moamin Mohammad Khdir, Anju Rani, Fotima Axmedova, Babamuratov Bekzod","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01608-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01608-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Enterococcus genus comprises an unusual subset of the human microbiota with the dual role of beneficial commensals and opportunistic pathogens. The biological activity of Enterococcus species is not limited to colonization and is mainly driven by numerous bioactive compounds. Metabolites, extracellular vesicles (EVs), exopolysaccharides, and cell wall structures serve as mediators of complex host-microbe interplay. Through the transfer of these bioactive substances, Enterococcus-derived EVs shape host signaling pathways and help bacteria to adapt to environmental conditions. Additionally, structural molecules such as peptidoglycan, lipoteichoic acid, and adhesins bind to pattern recognition receptors, triggering signaling cascades responsible for both innate and adaptive immunity. Moreover, biological roles of metabolites, exopolysaccharides, and bacteriocins include the modulation of oxidative stress, antimicrobial activity, regulation of immunometabolic pathways, maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity, and others. This review presents a summary of biological activities and molecular mechanisms of Enterococcus-derived bioactive compounds with a focus on their role in health and the pathophysiology of diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149135746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial efficacy of Cassia seena sp. leaf extracts against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli: a phytochemical and toxicological evaluation.","authors":"Maryam Kashif, Qurat-Ul-Ain Ahmad, Haseeb Hassan, Hira Moin, Arifa Mehreen, Ammara Batool","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01609-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01609-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rising antimicrobial resistance of clinically relevant organisms, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, has triggered researchers' attention to natural medicinal plants as an alternative source of antibacterial agents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial, phytochemical, and toxicological activities of Cassia senna leaf. The n-hexane, methanolic, and aqueous extracts of Cassia leaves were assayed for antibacterial activity using agar well diffusion, disc diffusion, and broth microdilution assays with gentamicin, vancomycin, and chloramphenicol. The major bioactive components of the extract were identified using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) coupled with bioautography, while phytochemical screening was done on the methanolic extract. Sub-chronic (30-day repeated-dose) toxicity was evaluated in mice that received 1000 mg of the methanolic extract per kg of body weight per day for 30 consecutive days, monitoring the changes in body weight, organ appearance, blood cell count, biochemical profiles, and histology. While the S. aureus isolate was sensitive to all three reference antibiotics, the E. coli isolate was resistant to them. The methanolic extract demonstrated better antibacterial activity than the aqueous extract, as it produced bigger inhibition zones and lower minimum inhibitory concentrations than the aqueous one, while n-hexane extract did not show any antibacterial activity. The activity of Cassia senna leaf extract was higher against S. aureus than Gram-negative E. coli. TLC-bioautography revealed that there were at least four compounds in the methanolic extract that contributed to its antibacterial activity, while phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract showed that it contained flavonoids and tannins, but not phenolics, saponins, alkaloids, or terpenoids. Finally, the 30-day sub-chronic toxicity study revealed that repeated oral administration of 1000 mg/kg/day of Cassia senna leaf extract did not cause any mortality or adverse effect in mice, with the treated animals showing comparable results to the control group in terms of body weight, organ appearance, blood cell count, biochemical profile, and histology. The present study demonstrated that Cassia senna leaves had a considerable antibacterial effect, especially against S. aureus isolate, and were safe and tolerable in mice at a repeated oral dose of 1000 mg/kg/day for 30 days. Therefore, it can be suggested that Cassia leaf extract can be further explored as a promising source of antibacterial compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Next-generation probiotic platforms for food nutrition: integrating functional foods with advanced delivery technologies.","authors":"Renukadevi Jeyavelkumaran, Mridula Dhanapal Saravanan, Nimithasree Keerthivasan","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01602-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01602-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Functional microbial systems have emerged as promising components of next-generation food biotechnology due to their ability to improve gut microbiota balance, immune regulation, and metabolic health. However, conventional probiotic formulations often exhibit poor stability and limited gastrointestinal survivability during food processing and storage. This review discusses recent advances in probiotic delivery technologies, including encapsulation, nanoencapsulation, hydrogel systems, edible films, biofilms, and smart packaging approaches for enhanced microbial protection and controlled release. The roles of dairy-based, non-dairy, synbiotic, and fermented food matrices in supporting probiotic functionality are critically evaluated. Emerging trends such as AI-assisted food formulation, 3D food printing, precision nutrition, and sustainable packaging technologies are also highlighted. Despite significant technological progress, challenges related to scalability, regulatory standardization, and long-term microbial stability remain. Overall, advanced probiotic platforms offer substantial potential for developing precision-oriented, microbiome-driven functional food systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149127018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yeasts with potential to be used as microbial inoculants for sustainable agriculture in future.","authors":"Murali M K, Ashwin Revanna, Davis Joseph Bagyaraj, Hillol Chakdar, Pramod Kumar Sahu, Alok K Srivatsava","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01610-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01610-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sustainability in agricultural production has emerged as one of the most significant concerns in the 21st Century, which recommends use of less chemical inputs having adverse effects on soil health and environment. The sustainability in the crop production system can be achieved by using beneficial soil microorganisms as microbial inoculants. A large number of studies have been carried out on bacteria and multicellular fungi which are used currently as microbial inoculants in sustainable agriculture. Yeasts, which are unicellular fungi are traditionally used for producing beverages and foods like wine, bread, beer, and fermented foods. Recent studies brought out that yeasts promote plant growth, suggesting their emerging role as bioinoculants in sustainable agriculture. They can directly improve plant growth by increasing the supply of macro and micro nutrients and also producing phytohormones. Some yeasts also suppress the activity of plant pathogens and insect pests, and degrade pesticides in soil. A few studies have also reported that yeast inoculation improved physical (aggregation, aeration and moisture retention), chemical (pH, soil organic carbon, soil labile carbon, soil protein index) and biological (microbial biomass carbon, dehydrogenase activity) properties of soil. The literature on the potential of using yeast as microbial inoculants under field conditions is limited. More investigations are needed so that yeasts can emerge as microbial inoculants for improving crop productivity in the coming years. In this review we have proposed a few perspectives and action points to be taken in future to harness the potential of yeasts in sustainable agriculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149126990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linsitinib: a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with dual host-parasite targeting potential against leishmaniasis.","authors":"Lalit Nharwal, Mirza Adil Beg, Rahul Singh, Vivek Dhar Dwivedi, Farhan Jalees Ahmad, Angamuthu Selvapandiyan, Garima Chouhan","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01597-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01597-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne parasitic disease caused by Leishmania spp., that contributes substantially to global morbidity. Considering the toxicity, drug resistance and limited efficacy of current therapies, drug repositioning represents an efficient approach for identifying novel antileishmanial agents from existing pool of drugs. In this context, we evaluated antileishmanial potential of Linsitinib, a known tyrosine kinase inhibitor and an anticancer molecule in advance stages of development. Linsitinib demonstrated potent anti-proliferative activity with IC₅₀ values of 1.308 ± 0.1267µM against L. donovani and 3.865 ± 0.9688µM against L. mexicana promastigotes with marginal toxicity against human THP-1 macrophages at same doses. Linsitinib exhibited pronounced anti-amastigote activity with IC₅₀ values of 0.8788µM and 1.014µM, against L. donovani and L. mexicana respectively. Selectivity index (SI) values of 51.77 (L. donovani) and 44.87 (L. mexicana) further corroborated the selective activity of Linsitinib, against Leishmania amastigotes over host cells. To ascertain the mechanistic details of in vitro inhibition, in silico studies were performed against, N-myristoyltransferase (NMT) enzyme, as a key parasite target and human PI3K to establish host-directed immunomodulatory activity. In silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations demonstrated stable binding of Linsitinib with both targets, supported by hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions and favorable stability parameters (RMSD, RMSF, radius of gyration and solvent-accessible surface area). Overall, Linsitinib demonstrates marked inhibition of Leishmania parasites, and this activity is supported through NMT-mediated disruption of parasite viability and PI3K/Akt-driven host immune modulation, supporting its candidacy as a dual-targeting broad-spectrum therapeutic alternative for leishmaniasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global research trends, thematic evolution, and one health implications of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli: a bibliometric and science mapping analysis, 2001-2025.","authors":"Cansu Önlen Güneri, Uğur Uğrak, Neslihan Aydemir, Nurnehir Baltaci Bozkurt","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01607-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01607-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a highest-priority pathogen and represents a major threat to modern medicine. This study provides a bibliometric and science-mapping analysis of the global research landscape, intellectual structure, and thematic evolution of ESBL-producing E. coli from 2001 to 2025. A total of 3,483 records retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection were analyzed using R version 4.6.1 and the Biblioshiny interface 5.0. Performance analysis assessed publication productivity and citation impact. Keyword co-occurrence, thematic mapping, and longitudinal thematic-evolution analyses were used to examine the conceptual structure of the field. The literature showed exponential growth, with an annual growth rate of 28%. Germany, China, and the United States were prominent in the country-level visualizations. Frontiers in Microbiology was the most relevant source. Thematic mapping identified themes related to resistance, prevalence, poultry, and food-producing animals. Thematic evolution showed continuity and changes in emphasis among E. coli, Enterobacteriaceae, antibiotic resistance, and prevalence-related themes. ESBL-producing E. coli research encompasses resistance mechanisms, prevalence, and animal, food, and environmental contexts, with implications for One Health research. ESBL-producing E. coli serves as an indicator organism for examining resistance transmission across the human-animal-environment continuum and for informing One Health strategies. Future research should prioritize integrated molecular surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship interventions across interconnected clinical, animal, food, and environmental reservoirs.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: The gut microbiota-miRNA axis in multiple sclerosis: Mechanisms and therapeutic potentials.","authors":"Farzaneh Rafie Sedaghat, Alka Hasani, Vahdat Poortahmasebi, Samaneh Hosseini, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Mehdi Meskini Heydarlou, Somayeh Ahmadi, Elham Mehdizadehfar, Yalda Sadeghpour, Roqaiyeh Hasani, Tohid Samadpour Zahmat-Dar","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01596-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01596-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149106045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Akkermansia muciniphila WW001 protects against DSS-induced colitis by restoring intestinal barrier integrity and modulating inflammatory responses.","authors":"Xin Zhou, Mai Li, Yannan Zhang, Jiaxuan Chen, Caifeng Li, Dianbing Wang, Min Li, Xian-En Zhang, Jinsong Gu","doi":"10.1007/s12223-026-01604-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-026-01604-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, relapsing disorder intimately linked to impaired intestinal barrier function. Akkermansia muciniphila, a beneficial gut bacterium, has been shown to enhance intestinal barrier function. This study aimed to characterize a newly identified strain, A. muciniphila WW001, and evaluate its protective effects on intestinal barrier integrity in IBD models. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Caco-2/HT29-MTX cell model and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced mouse model were employed to assess its protective effects on intestinal barrier function. Whole-genome sequencing, comparative genomic analysis, and molecular docking were performed to explore the unique genetic characteristics of WW001. In line with these genomic features, WW001 significantly strengthened intestinal barrier function and displayed distinct functional characteristics compared with A. muciniphila ATCC 835, as evidenced by elevated transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), reduced paracellular permeability, upregulation of tight junction proteins, suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and elevation of anti-inflammatory cytokine levels. Furthermore, WW001 alleviated colitis symptoms and promoted goblet cell proliferation, which were associated with its distinct genomic features and increased short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations. The enriched glycoside hydrolase repertoire may indicate an enhanced capacity for mucin-derived glycan utilization; however, the causal relationships among these genomic features, mucin utilization, SCFA changes, and barrier protection remain to be established. These findings demonstrate that A. muciniphila WW001 enhances intestinal barrier function and exerts anti-inflammatory effects, while the associated metabolic changes may contribute to its beneficial effects, supporting its potential application as a probiotic candidate for IBD intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12346,"journal":{"name":"Folia microbiologica","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149105968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}