Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-02-16DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2311359
Jörg Schelling, Suzanne Einmahl, Ralph Torgler, Carsten Schade Larsen
{"title":"Evidence for a 10-year TBE vaccine booster interval: an evaluation of current data.","authors":"Jörg Schelling, Suzanne Einmahl, Ralph Torgler, Carsten Schade Larsen","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2311359","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2311359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is rapidly spreading to new areas in many parts of Europe. While vaccination remains the most effective method of protection against the disease, vaccine uptake is low in many endemic countries.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We conducted a literature search of the MEDLINE database to identify articles published from 2018 to 2023 that evaluated the immunogenicity and effectiveness of TBE vaccines, particularly Encepur, when booster doses were administered up to 10 years apart. We searched PubMed with the MeSH terms 'Encephalitis, Tick-Borne/prevention and control' and 'Vaccination' for articles published in the English language.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Long-term immunogenicity data for Encepur and real-world data on vaccine effectiveness and breakthrough infections following the two European TBE vaccines, Encepur and FSME-Immun, have shown that extending the booster interval from 3-5 years to 10 years does not negatively impact protection against TBE, regardless of age. Such extension not only streamlines the vaccination schedules but may also increase vaccine uptake and compliance among those living in endemic regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"226-236"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139575525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-08-14DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2389922
Matthew F Daley, Christina L Clarke, Jason M Glanz, Alexandria N Albers, Sarah Y Michels, Rain E Freeman, Sophia R Newcomer
{"title":"National trends in patterns of under-vaccination in early childhood: National Immunization Survey-Child, United States, 2011-2021.","authors":"Matthew F Daley, Christina L Clarke, Jason M Glanz, Alexandria N Albers, Sarah Y Michels, Rain E Freeman, Sophia R Newcomer","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2389922","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2389922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The study's objective was to examine national trends in patterns of under-vaccination in the United States.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>The National Immunization Survey-Child (NIS-Child) is an annual cross-sectional survey that collects provider-verified vaccination records from a large national probability sample of children. Records from the 2011-2021 NIS-Child were used to assess receipt of the combined 7-vaccine series by age 24 months. Based on prior work, patterns indicative of hesitancy included zero vaccines, not starting ≥1 series, and consistent vaccine-limiting. Patterns indicative of practical issues included starting all series but missing doses. Up-to-date (UTD) was defined as receiving all doses in the combined 7-vaccine series.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population comprised 127,257 children. Over the observation period, patterns indicative of hesitancy significantly decreased (p-trend < 0.0001), patterns indicative of practical issues significantly decreased (p-trend < 0.0001), and UTD significantly increased (p-trend < 0.0001). In 2021, the weighted percentage in each category was as follows: probable hesitancy 6.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.4%, 7.2%), probable practical issues 26.0% (95% CI 24.4%, 27.6%), and UTD 67.7% (95% CI 66.0%, 69.4%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Over an 11-year period, vaccination coverage in the United States for the combined 7-vaccine series has improved, with patterns suggestive of practical issues or hesitancy declining.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"740-749"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11414198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2395534
Tyler Chavers, Jordan Cates, Eleanor Burnett, Umesh D Parashar, Jacqueline E Tate
{"title":"Indirect protection from rotavirus vaccines: a systematic review.","authors":"Tyler Chavers, Jordan Cates, Eleanor Burnett, Umesh D Parashar, Jacqueline E Tate","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2395534","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2395534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Rotavirus vaccines may provide indirect protection by reducing transmission in the population and thus reducing disease burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This systematic review summarizes estimates of indirect protection from rotavirus vaccines and the methods used to obtain these estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 71 studies published between 2009 and 2022 that provided 399 estimates of indirect protection from rotavirus vaccine. Most estimates (73%) evaluated hospitalizations due to rotavirus gastroenteritis as the outcome and unvaccinated children <5 years old as the agegroup (64%), but there was considerable variability in methods to evaluate indirect protection. For hospitalizations due to rotavirus gastroenteritis among unvaccinated children <5 years old, the median incidence rate ratio was 0.60 (IQR: 0.40-0.87, <i>n</i> = 110 estimates), the median relative percent change in percent positivity was 25% (IQR: 13-44%, <i>n</i> = 49 estimates), and the median relative percent change in absolute number of rotavirus positive tests or rotavirus-specific International Classification of Diseases codes was 42% (IQR: 16-66%, <i>n</i> = 40 estimates).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings broadly suggest rotavirus vaccines provide some indirect protection. There is a need to standardize measurement of indirect rotavirus vaccine protection, particularly using consistent outcomes and metrics, and stratifying results by standardized age groups and years since vaccine introduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"789-795"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-08-29DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2395550
Jaime R Torres, Jose Brea-Del Castillo, Xavier Saez-Llorens, María L Ávila-Agüero, Wilfrido Coronell R, Celia Martinez-De Cuellar, Roberto Debbag
{"title":"Regional molecular epidemiology of dengue and the potential optimization of its control through the use of vaccines. Report of the Arbovirus Committee of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, SLIPE.","authors":"Jaime R Torres, Jose Brea-Del Castillo, Xavier Saez-Llorens, María L Ávila-Agüero, Wilfrido Coronell R, Celia Martinez-De Cuellar, Roberto Debbag","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2395550","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2395550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dengue disease represents a large and growing global threat to public health, accounting for a significant burden to health systems of endemic countries. The World Health Organization's (WHO) Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) currently recommend the use of TAK-003 dengue vaccine in high dengue burden and transmission settings for countries considering vaccination as part of their integrated management strategy for prevention and control of Dengue.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This paper describes the main conclusions of a workshop held by the Arbovirus Committee of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SLIPE) in November 2023, to generate consensus recommendations on the introduction of this new vaccine in the region. Considerations were made regarding the molecular epidemiology of dengue infection in the Americas and the need for more precise phylogenetic classification and correlation with clinical outcome and disease severity.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Introduction of dengue vaccine should be considered as an strategy for health entities in the region, with participation of social sectors, scientific societies, and ministries of health that could be able to create a successful vaccination program.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"773-778"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142016884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-04-04DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2329618
Ray Borrow, Jamie Findlow
{"title":"The important lessons lurking in the history of meningococcal epidemiology.","authors":"Ray Borrow, Jamie Findlow","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2329618","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2329618","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), a rare but potentially fatal illness, is typically described as unpredictable and subject to sporadic outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>Meningococcal epidemiology and vaccine use during the last ~ 200 years are examined within the context of meningococcal characterization and classification to guide future IMD prevention efforts.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Historical and contemporary data highlight the dynamic nature of meningococcal epidemiology, with continued emergence of hyperinvasive clones and affected regions. Recent shifts include global increases in serogroup W disease, meningococcal antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and meningococcal urethritis; additionally, unvaccinated populations have experienced disease resurgences following lifting of COVID-19 restrictions. Despite these changes, a close analysis of meningococcal epidemiology indicates consistent dominance of serogroups A, B, C, W, and Y and elevated IMD rates among infants and young children, adolescents/young adults, and older adults. Demonstrably effective vaccines against all 5 major disease-causing serogroups are available, and their prophylactic use represents a powerful weapon against IMD, including AMR. The World Health Organization's goal of defeating meningitis by the year 2030 demands broad protection against IMD, which in turn indicates an urgent need to expand meningococcal vaccination programs across major disease-causing serogroups and age-related risk groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"445-462"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140189626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-05-07DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2348612
Jia-Ying Yang, Guo-Chun Li, Ying Yuan
{"title":"Accelerate vaccine development using seamless phase 2/3 trial designs.","authors":"Jia-Ying Yang, Guo-Chun Li, Ying Yuan","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2348612","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2348612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Traditional vaccine development, often a lengthy and costly process of three separated phases. However, the swift development of COVID-19 vaccines highlighted the critical importance of accelerating the approval of vaccines. This article showcases a seamless phase 2/3 trial design to expedite the development process, particularly for multi-valent vaccines.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>This study utilizes simulation to compare the performance of seamless phase 2/3 design with that of conventional trial design, specifically by re-envisioning a 9-valent HPV vaccine trial. Across three cases, several key performance metrics are evaluated: overall power, type I error rate, average sample size, trial duration, the percentage of early stop, and the accuracy of dose selection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, when the experimental vaccine was assumed to be effective, the seamless design that performed interim analyses based solely on efficacy saved 555.73 subjects, shortened trials by 10.29 months, and increased power by 3.70%. When the experimental vaccine was less effective than control, it saved an average of 887.73 subjects while maintaining the type I error rate below 0.025.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The seamless design proves to be a compelling strategy for vaccine development, given its versatility in early stopping, re-estimating sample sizes, and shortening trial durations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":"23 1","pages":"523-534"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140855794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of hepatitis B vaccine: an umbrella review of meta-analyses.","authors":"Jiamin Qiu, Shiwen Zhang, Yonghui Feng, Xin Su, Jun Cai, Shiyun Chen, Jiazi Liu, Shiqi Huang, Haokun Huang, Sui Zhu, Huiyan Wen, Jiaxin Li, Haoyu Yan, Zhiquan Diao, Xiaofeng Liang, Fangfang Zeng","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2023.2289566","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2023.2289566","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a lack of synthesis of literature to determine hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) strategies for hepatitis B virus (HBV) supported by quality evidence. We aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of HepB strategies among people with different characteristics.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for meta-analyses comparing the efficacy and safety of HepB up to July 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-one meta-analyses comparing 83 associations were included, with 16 high quality, 4 moderate, and 1 low quality assessed by AMSTAR 2. Highly suggestive evidence supports HepB booster and HepB with 1018 adjuvant (HBsAg-1018) for improved seroprotection, and targeted and universal HepB vaccination reduced HBV infection Suggestive evidence indicated that targeted vaccination decreased the rate of hepatitis B surface antibody positivity and booster doses increased seroprotection in people aged 10-20. Weak evidence suggests potential local/systemic reaction risk with nucleotide analogs or HBsAg-1018. Convincing evidence shows HLA-DPB1*04:01 and DPB1*04:02 increased, while DPB1*05:01 decreased, hepatitis B antibody response. Obesity may reduce HepB seroprotection, as highly suggested.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Targeted vaccination could effectively reduce HBV infection, and adjuvant and booster vaccinations enhance seroprotection without significant reaction. Factors such as obesity and genetic polymorphisms may affect the efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"69-81"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138487120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunogenicity and safety of two-dose or three-dose regimens of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomised clinical trial.","authors":"Pengfei Jin, Qiao Liu, Wenli Chen, Xilin Guo, Hongmei Jiang, Ruimei Zhang, Mingdong Ding, Kui Zhang, Zhaolan Cao, Jiexiao He, Siyue Jia, Mingwei Wei, Yuansheng Hu, Lunbiao Cui, Jianfeng Wang, Zhuopei Li, Xiaoyin Zhang, Xin Xia, Yanfei Wu, Li Zhou, Yawen Zhu, Chunjing Gao, Tiantian Zhang, Fengcai Zhu, Gang Zeng, Limei Zhu, Jingxin Li","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2425283","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2425283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To assess the immunogenicity and safety of two-dose regimen of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and explored the potential benefits of additional dose.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>In total, 182 PTB patients were randomly (1:1) assigned to the standard-dose group to receive three standard doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines, or the double-dose boosting group to receive two standard doses plus a double dose, with a 28-day interval. Forty healthy controls were assigned to receive two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines 28 days apart. The primary endpoint was neutralizing antibodies 28 days after the second vaccination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccines induced comparable neutralizing antibodies in PTB patients and the healthy controls, with GMTs against ancestral SARS-CoV-2 of 36.8 vs 31.4 (<i>p</i> = 0.4618) and seroconversion rates of 83.9% vs 87.5% (<i>p</i> = 0.6965). In the PTB patients, a third dose at day 56 led to a modest increase in neutralizing antibodies compared to the second dose, with a GMT fold increase of 1.3-1.8. Most adverse reactions were mild pain at the injection site.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inactivated COVID-19 vaccine was safe and immunogenic in PTB patients, and two-dose immunization could induce moderate level of humoral responses similar to the healthy adults.</p><p><strong>Clinical trials registration: </strong>www.clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05148949.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"1041-1051"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142616766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-02-28DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2320845
James J Bull, Scott L Nuismer, Christopher H Remien, Megan E Griffiths, Rustom Antia
{"title":"Recombinant transmissible vaccines will be intrinsically contained despite the ability to superinfect.","authors":"James J Bull, Scott L Nuismer, Christopher H Remien, Megan E Griffiths, Rustom Antia","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2320845","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2320845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Transmissible vaccines offer a novel approach to suppressing viruses in wildlife populations, with possible applications against viruses that infect humans as zoonoses - Lassa, Ebola, rabies. To ensure safety, current designs propose a recombinant vector platform in which the vector is isolated from the target wildlife population. Because using an endemic vector creates the potential for preexisting immunity to block vaccine transmission, these designs focus on vector viruses capable of superinfection, spreading throughout the host population following vaccination of few individuals.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We present original theoretical arguments that, regardless of its R<sub>0</sub> value, a recombinant vaccine using a superinfecting vector is not expected to expand its active infection coverage when released into a wildlife population that already carries the vector. However, if superinfection occurs at a high rate such that individuals are repeatedly infected throughout their lives, the immunity footprint in the population can be high despite a low incidence of active vaccine infections. Yet we provide reasons that the above expectation is optimistic.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>High vaccine coverage will typically require repeated releases or release into a population lacking the vector, but careful attention to vector choice and vaccine engineering should also help improve transmissible vaccine utility.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"294-302"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11003445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139899631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2024-06-26DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2367451
Samuel Bawa, Abrham Wondimu, Maarten J Postma, Raymond Hutubessy, Marinus van Hulst
{"title":"Economic evaluation of second measles containing vaccine (MCV) dose: a systematic review of available evidence.","authors":"Samuel Bawa, Abrham Wondimu, Maarten J Postma, Raymond Hutubessy, Marinus van Hulst","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2367451","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2367451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The global measles incidence has decreased from 145 to 49 cases per 1 million population from 2000 to 2018, but evaluating the economic benefits of a second measles-containing vaccine (MCV2) is crucial. This study reviewed the evidence and quality of economic evaluation studies to guide MCV2 introduction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The systematic review of model-based economic evaluation studies was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The search yielded 2231 articles, with 876 duplicates removed and 1355 articles screened, with nine studies included for final analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six studies reported a positive benefit-cost ratio with one resulting in net savings of $11.6 billion, and two studies estimated a 2-dose MMR vaccination program would save $119.24 to prevent one measles case, and a second dose could prevent 9,200 cases at 18 months, saving $548.19 per case. The most sensitive variables were the discount rate and vaccination administration cost.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Two MCV doses or a second opportunity with an additional dose of MCV were highly cost-beneficial and resulted in substantial cost savings compared to a single routine vaccine. But further research using high-quality model-based health economic evaluation studies of MCV2 should be made available to decision-makers.</p><p><strong>Prospero registration: </strong>CRD42020200669.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":"23 1","pages":"655-673"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}