Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-05-19DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2508518
José de la Fuente, Consuelo Almazán, Katherine M Kocan
{"title":"Subolesin: a 20-year path from discovery to an effective tick vaccine.","authors":"José de la Fuente, Consuelo Almazán, Katherine M Kocan","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2508518","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2508518","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"412-415"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144076901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-08-11DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2539886
Evelina Zimovetz, Abdullah M Assiri, Sara Al Dallal, Desirée van Oorschot, Adriana Guzman-Holst, Jorge A Gomez, Ru Han
{"title":"Public health impact of adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccine in older adults: a modeling study in nine countries in Middle East and North Africa.","authors":"Evelina Zimovetz, Abdullah M Assiri, Sara Al Dallal, Desirée van Oorschot, Adriana Guzman-Holst, Jorge A Gomez, Ru Han","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2539886","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2539886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The adjuvanted RSV prefusion F protein vaccine (adjuvanted RSVPreF3) can protect older adults against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and RSV-related lower respiratory tract disease (LRTD). We modeled the burden of RSV and the potential public health impact of RSV vaccination in adults ≥60 years in nine countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A Markov model was adapted to the settings of Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates. RSV acute respiratory infection (ARI) cases, LRTD-related pneumonia, hospitalizations, and deaths were computed over a five-year time horizon assuming no vaccination, and assuming adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccination coverage rates of 30% and 70%. Sensitivity of key inputs was explored using one-way sensitivity analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across the considered countries, 9.1 million RSV ARI cases, including 4.6 million LRTD, were projected in adults ≥60 years over 5 years. A 30% coverage with a single dose of adjuvanted RSVPreF3 would prevent 1,052,191 RSV ARI cases (including 677,794 LRTD), 56,642 hospitalizations 52,138 pneumonia cases, and 5,377 deaths.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>An important part of the substantial RSV burden in adults ≥60 years in the selected MENA countries could be prevented through vaccination with adjuvanted RSVPreF3.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"759-768"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-25DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2564167
Victoria Genovez, Olivia Berton, Stéphanie Barthès, Frederik Verelst, Eliana Biundo
{"title":"Two decades of GSK rotavirus vaccine (RV1): a global analysis to estimate vaccination completion and deaths averted in children under 5 years.","authors":"Victoria Genovez, Olivia Berton, Stéphanie Barthès, Frederik Verelst, Eliana Biundo","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2564167","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2564167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rotavirus vaccination plays a key role in reducing rotavirus gastroenteritis (RVGE) related deaths. This analysis estimated the number of children under 5 years of age fully vaccinated with GSK rotavirus vaccine (RV1) since launch (2004) and its impact on RVGE-related deaths worldwide.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>To estimate the number of children under 5 years fully vaccinated with RV1 since launch, we used unpublished RV1 market supply data from GSK. The data were extrapolated until the time point when 1 billion doses will have been supplied. The number of RVGE-related deaths avoided was calculated using previously published data on the number of children needed to be fully vaccinated to avoid one fatal RVGE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 431 million children under 5 years received a complete RV1 course from 2004 to 2023, avoiding over 220,000 RVGE-related deaths globally. The forecasted analysis estimated that by January 2025, 1 billion RV1 doses will have been supplied worldwide, representing 239,000 RVGE-related deaths avoided. By December 2025, 0.5 billion babies will be protected with RV1, resulting in 259,000 RVGE-related deaths avoided since 2004.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RV1 has contributed to reducing the number of RVGE cases and related deaths and is anticipated to continue reducing this disease burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"936-943"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145112470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2438760
Lairun Jin, Pengfei Jin, Xuefeng Zhang, Fengcai Zhu, Jingxin Li
{"title":"Application of reverse cumulative distribution curve and scaled logit model in determining optimal immunogenic dose and prediction of protection of EV71 vaccines.","authors":"Lairun Jin, Pengfei Jin, Xuefeng Zhang, Fengcai Zhu, Jingxin Li","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2438760","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2438760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study proposes the reverse cumulative distribution curve (RCDC) for optimal dose selection and a scaled logit model for estimating protection in EV71 vaccine development.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Data were from a phase 2 trial involving infants and young children randomized to receive either 640 U with or without adjuvant, 320 U with adjuvant, 160 U with adjuvant EV71 vaccines, or placebo. RCDCs were constructed using neutralizing antibody titers 28 days post-vaccination. Robustness of RCDC parameters was assessed via coefficient of variation for the area under the curve (AUC), the relative optimal point, median on the curve, and antibody titer of the point of maximum curvature, with geometric mean titer (GMT) as control. The scaled logit model estimated protection against EV71-associated disease for the selected optimal dose.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The AUC and relative optimal point demonstrated greater robustness than GMT. The 640 U with adjuvant dose had the highest AUC (0.64, 95% CI: 0.61-0.66), sum of coordinates of the relative optimal point (1.40, 95% CI: 1.34-1.43), and the highest estimated protection (93.36%, 95% CI: 79.91-97.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AUC and relative optimal point of RCDC are effective for early vaccine dose screening, with protection estimated by the scaled logit model.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"37-44"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2024-12-24DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2024.2443223
Haonan Zhang, Chaofan Wang, Haijun Zhang, Brian Wahl, Maria Deloria Knoll, Xiaozhen Lai, Hai Fang
{"title":"Economic evaluation of childhood pneumococcal conjugate vaccination programs in Qinghai and Hainan provinces, China.","authors":"Haonan Zhang, Chaofan Wang, Haijun Zhang, Brian Wahl, Maria Deloria Knoll, Xiaozhen Lai, Hai Fang","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2443223","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2024.2443223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The burden of pneumococcal disease varies regionally in China, disproportionately affecting children in many provinces such as Qinghai and Hainan. Nevertheless, the absence of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in the National Immunization Program (NIP) or local programs presents limited coverage. This study evaluated the health and economic impact of including PCV in immunization programs in Qinghai and Hainan.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>A decision tree Markov model was constructed to simulate health outcomes and lifetime costs among children under different 13-valent PCV (PCV13) vaccination strategies compared to current practices, from societal and healthcare perspectives. Data on epidemiology, vaccine efficacy, cost, and utility were obtained from the literature and open databases. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore parameter uncertainty.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Including three-dose PCV13 in provincial programs at NIP coverage (98.91%) could avert 7100 episodes and 118 deaths in Qinghai, and 6200 episodes and 66 deaths in Hainan. It was cost-effective at the $68.2/dose in private market and cost-saving at the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) recommended $25/dose for both provinces. Increasing coverage to 50% or 75% was also cost-effective. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results despite parameter uncertainty.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prioritizing PCV13 in immunization programs in Qinghai and Hainan could effectively reduce disease burden, improve population health, and promote health equity.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"67-80"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-04-12DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2489659
Christopher Radcliffe, Camille N Kotton
{"title":"Vaccination strategies for solid organ transplant candidates and recipients: insights and recommendations.","authors":"Christopher Radcliffe, Camille N Kotton","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2489659","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2489659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vaccines save lives. They are integral to reducing the morbidity and mortality of vaccine-preventable infections in solid organ transplant recipients. Pre-transplant vaccination provides a unique opportunity for administration of live, viral vaccines, and enhanced vaccine efficacy, compared to the post-transplant period with decreased vaccine response due to immunosuppression.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We discuss a general approach to pre- and post-transplant vaccination in solid organ transplant candidates and recipients. We then review guideline statements and recent literature related to individual vaccines, including the recently developed respiratory syncytial virus vaccine. Travel and occupation-related vaccines are also discussed.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The challenge of vaccination for immunocompromised patients expands as the prevalence of immunocompromised adults rises, and immunocompromised patients are frequently excluded from vaccine trials. In an age of vaccine hesitancy and reemerging vaccine-preventable infections, well-powered, prospective studies are needed to evaluate the clinical effectiveness of vaccines in solid organ transplant candidates and recipients.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"313-323"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-04-25DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2490295
Xavier Sáez-Llorens, Rodrigo DeAntonio, Jenny Guek Hong Low, Pope Kosalaraksa, Hansi Dean, Mayuri Sharma, Vianney Tricou, Shibadas Biswal
{"title":"TAK-003: development of a tetravalent dengue vaccine.","authors":"Xavier Sáez-Llorens, Rodrigo DeAntonio, Jenny Guek Hong Low, Pope Kosalaraksa, Hansi Dean, Mayuri Sharma, Vianney Tricou, Shibadas Biswal","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2490295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14760584.2025.2490295","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dengue incidence has increased over the past few decades. One tetravalent dengue vaccine based on a yellow fever backbone has been approved, but due to increased risk of severe disease in dengue-naïve recipients, its use is limited to individuals with prior dengue exposure.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>We summarize the clinical development of TAK-003, a tetravalent dengue vaccine based on a live-attenuated DENV-2 backbone. We discuss vaccine development and preclinical and clinical work leading to a commercially available formulation. TAK-003 is approved in several countries and the WHO-SAGE recommend TAK-003 to be considered for public programs in high transmission areas for individuals aged 6-16 years. Finally, we discuss the potential role of TAK-003 as part of an integrated multimodal strategy for dengue prevention.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>TAK-003 has been assessed in a comprehensive clinical development program; demonstrating sustained efficacy and safety against all four serotypes in baseline seropositive individuals, and against DENV-1 and DENV-2 in seronegative individuals, and has been well tolerated. Effectiveness in a real world setting and safety will be monitored in ongoing and future studies, particularly for DENV-3 and DENV-4, together with the impact of a booster dose. Overall, TAK-003 shows promise as a new tool for dengue prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":"24 1","pages":"324-338"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-03-30DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2485252
Jialiang Jiang, Kwok Fai Lam, Eric Ho Yin Lau, Guosheng Yin, Yun Lin, Benjamin John Cowling
{"title":"Protection and waning of vaccine-induced, natural and hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong.","authors":"Jialiang Jiang, Kwok Fai Lam, Eric Ho Yin Lau, Guosheng Yin, Yun Lin, Benjamin John Cowling","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2485252","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2485252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>As the COVID-19 pandemic transitions into its fourth year, understanding the dynamics of immunity is critical for implementing effective public health measures. This study examines vaccine-induced, natural, and hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in Hong Kong, focusing on their protective effectiveness and waning characteristics against infection during the Omicron BA.1/2 dominant period.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>We conducted a territory-wide retrospective cohort study using vaccination and infection records from the Hong Kong Department of Health. The analysis included over 6.5 million adults, applying the Andersen-Gill model to estimate protective effectiveness while addressing selection bias through inverse probability weighting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vaccine-induced immunity peaked one month after the first dose but waned rapidly, while boosters significantly prolonged protection. Infection-induced immunity showed higher initial effectiveness but declined faster than vaccine-induced immunity. Hybrid immunity provided the most durable protection. mRNA vaccines (Comirnaty) demonstrated greater effectiveness and slower waning compared to inactivated vaccines (CoronaVac).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Hybrid immunity represents the most effective strategy for sustained protection against SARS-CoV-2. Public health policies should emphasize booster campaigns and hybrid immunity pathways to enhance population-level immunity and guide future COVID-19 management in Hong Kong.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"252-260"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Expert Review of VaccinesPub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-06-08DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2025.2515597
David Fisman, Alberto Pérez-Rubio, Maarten Postma, Darvin S Smith, Joaquin Mould-Quevedo
{"title":"Maintaining the value of influenza vaccination - the shift from quadrivalent to trivalent vaccines: an expert review.","authors":"David Fisman, Alberto Pérez-Rubio, Maarten Postma, Darvin S Smith, Joaquin Mould-Quevedo","doi":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2515597","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14760584.2025.2515597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This review provides an expert perspective on the sustained value of seasonal influenza vaccines as they transition from quadrivalent to trivalent formulations, based on apparent elimination of the B/Yamagata strain from circulation and subsequent advice from the World Health Organization (WHO) to remove the B/Yamagata antigen from influenza vaccines. Influenza has a high clinical and economic burden globally. However, coronavirus disease 2019 has created new challenges for managing seasonal influenza by amplifying vaccine hesitancy. Understanding why influenza virus circulation is monitored and vaccines subsequently updated is important for all relevant stakeholders to maintain confidence in the value of seasonal influenza vaccination.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>Discussion is provided on the dynamic nature of communicable diseases, influenza virus monitoring and WHO vaccine composition guidance, and maintaining the value of influenza vaccination to individuals, society, and healthcare systems.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>The move from quadrivalent to trivalent influenza vaccines is a result of findings from strain surveillance. Continued surveillance and targeting of vaccines against strains most commonly in circulation to keep effectiveness high, and ensure the highest value of vaccination is vital to prevent influenza infection and severe illness, thus reducing pressure on healthcare systems and reducing the economic impact of influenza outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":12326,"journal":{"name":"Expert Review of Vaccines","volume":" ","pages":"499-508"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}