Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment最新文献

{"title":"Element release from lead crystal ware and metallic hip flasks.","authors":"Sarah von Leliwa, Roman Schmidt, Svetlana Andrievskih, Thomas Tietz, Stefan Merkel, Andreas Luch, Oliver Kappenstein","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2406002","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2406002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The release of 21 elemental ions from lead crystal ware and metallic hip flasks into different food simulants as well as alcoholic beverages was investigated in this study. For this purpose, an ICP-MS method including a sample pre-treatment based on microwave-assisted digestion was developed and validated. Elemental ion release from lead crystal glasses into artificial tap water, 0.5% citric acid solution and white wine, respectively, was only analysed for Pb. Within 24 h, Pb release from crystal glass was shown to increase with time. To account for repeated use, at least three consecutive release experiments were performed, which showed - with one remarkable exception - constant or decreasing levels of element ion release. However, after four months resting period, Pb release from crystal glass was higher than before. In contrast, all 21 elemental ions were detected to be released from the hip flasks into 0.5% citric acid solution, apple liqueur and herb liqueur, respectively. Release of Cd, Cr, Ni, As, TI, Sn and most prominently Pb from hip flasks was in the range of and above the respective release limit (SRL) as set by the Council of Europe (CoE). When focussing on the third repetition, only one out of six hip flasks met the suggested SRL for all determined elements in all test solutions. This demonstrates both, that the SRLs of the CoE can be met and that producers of hip flasks may have to review their manufacturing processes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12295,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1648-1662"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142344409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomonitoring and determinants of mycotoxin exposures from pregnancy until post-lactation in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women from Harare, Zimbabwe.","authors":"Tatenda Clive Murashiki, Arthur John Mazhandu, Rutendo B L Zinyama-Gutsire, Isaac Mutingwende, Lovemore Ronald Mazengera, Kerina Duri","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2402553","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2402553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) heavily affects women from resource-limited settings who are vulnerable to potentially harmful mycotoxins including aflatoxin B₁ (AFB1), fumonisin B₁ (FB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA). We aimed to conduct biomonitoring and ascertain the determinants of maternal mycotoxin exposure in pregnancy, lactation and post-lactation periods. We conducted a retrospective longitudinal study in HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected women from Harare, Zimbabwe. 175 and 125 random urine samples in pregnancy and 24 months after delivery (post-lactation) respectively were analysed for aflatoxin M₁ (AFM1) and FB1 by ELISA. 6 weeks after delivery (lactation), 226 and 262 breast milk (BM) samples were analysed for AFM1 and OTA respectively by ELISA. The association of demographics and food consumption with mycotoxins was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. In HIV-infected, urinary AFM1 was detected in 46/94 (Median: 0.05; Range: 0.04-0.46 ng mL^-1) in pregnancy and 47/66 (Median: 0.05; Range: 0.04-1.01 ng mL^-1) post-lactation. Urinary FB1 was detected in 86/94 (Median: 1.39; Range: 0.17-6.02 ng mL^-1) in pregnancy and 56/66 (Median: 0.72; Range: 0.20-3.81 ng mL^-1) post-lactation. BM AFM1 was detected in 28/110 (Median: 7.24; Range: 5.96-29.80 pg mL^-1) and OTA in 11/129 (Median: 0.20; Range: 0.14-0.65 ng mL^-1). In HIV-uninfected, urinary AFM1 was detected in 48/81 (Median: 0.05; Range: 0.04-1.06 ng mL^-1) in pregnancy and 41/59 (Median: 0.05; Range: 0.04-0.52 ng mL^-1) post-lactation. Urinary FB1 was detected in 74/81 (Median: 1.15; Range: 0.17-6.16 ng mL^-1) in pregnancy and 55/59 (Median: 0.96; Range: 0.20-2.82 ng mL^-1) post-lactation. BM AFM1 was detected in 38/116 (Median: 7.70; Range: 6.07-31.75 pg mL^-1) and OTA in 4/133 (Median: 0.24; Range: 0.18-0.83 ng mL^-1). Location, wealth, and peanut butter consumption were determinants of AFB1 exposure. HIV infection, BMI, location, rainy season, unemployment, and age were determinants of FB1 exposure. Women especially those pregnant and/or HIV-infected are at risk of adverse effects of mycotoxins.</p>","PeriodicalId":12295,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1625-1647"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142282769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hazard assessment of fenozan, a released non-intentionally added substance from polyester-based can coating.","authors":"Ruzanna Hayrapetyan, Isabelle Séverin, Olga Matviichuk, Lorine Da Costa, Cristina Juan, Ana Juan-Garcia, Hélène Moche, Anne Platel, Ronan Cariou, Marie-Christine Chagnon","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2414438","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2414438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the safety of new-generation polyester-based internal coatings regarding the migration of non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) is poorly documented, studies are needed to identify NIAS originating from these food-contact materials (FCM). The aim of this study was to identify volatile and semi-volatile NIAS from polyester-based coatings in order to assess their hazard and ensure consumers' safety with regard to exposure from canned food. Extraction and migration tests were carried out on a single polyester-coated tin plate (5 batches) using two solvents: acetonitrile and ethanol 95%, then FCM's extracts and migrates were analysed by GC-MS. An antioxidant degradation (hydrolysis) product, 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionic acid or fenozan (CAS RN: 20170-32-5), was identified and confirmed by reference standard in all migrates. To assess fenozan's toxicity, several <i>in vitro</i> bioassays, such as the Ames test (to assess point mutation), the micronucleus assay (to detect chromosomal aberrations), and the iodide uptake assay (to study one mode of action for thyroid disruption) were conducted. Fenozan was negative in the Ames test on three strains of <i>S. typhimurium</i> (TA98, TA100, and TA1535) and on one strain of <i>E.coli</i> (WP2), with and without metabolic activation system (S9 mix) using direct incorporation and pre-incubation methods. The <i>in vitro</i> micronucleus assay conducted on HepG2 cells also exhibited a negative response following a 4-hour treatment with the S9 mix, and a 48-hour treatment without the S9 mix. A weak inhibitory effect was obtained when testing fenozan in the iodide uptake assay using rat thyroid FRTL-5 cells. Significant inhibition started from 800 µM of fenozan, with a maximal inhibition of almost 47% at 1000 µM. The findings indicate that fenozan exhibits an anti-thyroid activity <i>in vitro</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":12295,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1692-1706"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142461582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOF-MS based characterization of polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) samples.","authors":"Chunxia Su, Paul van der Meeren, Bruno de Meulenaer","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2414454","DOIUrl":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2414454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) was used to unravel the composition of commercial polyglycerol polyricinoleate (PGPR) samples, by identifying the various molecular species present. To cover the broad range of molecular weights for the present species, a combination of three ionisation conditions was used. Species exceeding the molecular weight of pentaglycerol hexaricinoleate were difficult to detect. Over 100 molecular species were observed and identified in the analysed samples, including free polyglycerols, ricinoleates, and PGPR-esters. Commercial PGPR samples were shown to be mainly composed of esterification products of di-, tri-, and tetraglycerol, while the esterification degree mainly varied from 1 to 5. The TOF-MS analysis was proven to be reproducible with a relative standard deviation (RSD) below 2.86% for three independent measurements on different days. The method proved to be very suitable to evaluate batch-to-batch variations and to compare the composition of different types of commercial PGPR's. Moreover, this method can be applied to monitor the quality of PGPR products during the synthesis process. Furthermore, it can also provide fundamental knowledge for optimizing PGPR composition to improve its functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":12295,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1533-1553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142575654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chromatographic determination of oxytetracycline in milk product samples using liquid-liquid microextraction procedure.","authors":"Ilona Kiszkiel-Taudul, Martyna Skorupska","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2430277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2024.2430277","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Miniaturized procedures for chemical analysis give the possibility of a significant reduction in quantities of organic solvents used during isolation and determination processes. Liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) using butanol as an extractant was investigated to selectively isolate oxytetracycline (OTC) antibiotic residues from dairy products. The optimal conditions of LLME were established after deproteinization of the samples. The isolation procedure for OTC was performed using 700 µL of butanol. The extracts were analysed by HPLC-UV and LC-MS/MS. A satisfactory analyte recovery was achieved in the range 97.6%-98.9%. The concentration of the linearity range of the studied antibiotic should allow its determination at the level of MRL values. The limit of detection during HPLC-UV and LC-MS/MS determination of OTC in milk samples was 9.9·10^-8mol L^-1 (47.85 µg kg^-1) and 5.7·10^-9mol L^-1 (2.75 µg kg^-1), respectively. The precision (1.7%-8.6%) of the methods using LLME isolation of OTC varied depending on the kind of sample and the chromatographic technique used. The developed methods were applied to the analysis of milk and cottage cheese to estimate the presence and detection of OTC content.</p>","PeriodicalId":12295,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of mycotoxin binders against deoxynivalenol and fumonisin B₁ using isotherm models and linear equations.","authors":"Luara Medianeira de Lima Schlösser, Dison Stracke Pfingsten Franco, Janine Alves Sarturi, Cristiane Rosa da Silva, Isadora Fabris Laber, Cristina Tonial Simões, Carlos Augusto Mallmann","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2430281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2024.2430281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to evaluate the adsorbent characteristics of two mycotoxin binders (BBAc - composed of bentonite, β-glucans, and activated charcoal, and SepHt - composed of heat-treated sepiolite) against deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin B₁ (FB₁) using Brunaeur-Emmett-Teller, Dubinin-Radushkevich, Freundlich, and Langmuir isotherm models and linear regression equations. Both products were tested <i>in vitro</i> at 0.5% with increasing levels of DON or FB₁ (0.5-10 mg L^-1) using solutions of pH 3 and pH 6 and analysed by LC-MS/MS. FB₁ adsorption rates were not different between the products (<i>p</i> > 0.05) at pH 3 and pH 6. At a DON concentration of 1 mg L^-1, BBAc had higher (<i>p</i> < 0.05) adsorption rates than SepHt. For DON, the Freundlich model had the best fit with BBAc at pH 3 and 6, and the Langmuir model with SepHt at both pHs. For FB₁, the Freundlich model had the best fit with BBAc and SepHt at pH 3, and the Langmuir model with both products at pH 6. All the linear regression equations had lower R² than the isotherm models. Therefore, the adsorption isotherm models provided more informative and reliable data for the mycotoxins and mycotoxin binders tested herein.</p>","PeriodicalId":12295,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glyphosate losses through various stages of coffee production and consequences for human exposure.","authors":"Gerhard Bytof, Oliver Suesse-Herrmann, Meike Holtmann, Jessica A Falenski, Viviane Theurillat, Gerhard Eisenbrand","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2427667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2024.2427667","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Green coffee beans, rejected for commercial use because of glyphosate contamination, were examined to monitor their glyphosate levels from harvest, through roasting, until various coffee extractions. The green beans, Arabica and Robusta, exhibited glyphosate levels above the EU-MRL (0.14-0.21 mg/kg), representing a worst-case scenario. The beans were roasted to different degrees and subsequently used for different coffee preparations. As a result of roasting (>200 °C), glyphosate contents were reduced, frequently by more than 73%. Remarkably, up to 9% of initial glyphosate was removed together with the silverskin, already at lower temperatures. Filtered and instant coffee beverages prepared from respective coffee samples resulted in virtually quantitative glyphosate transfer. Glyphosate transfer was significantly less for espresso, and ristretto, apparently due to the reduced amounts of water used for extraction. Aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) was not detectable on any process level, confirming that AMPA is not a thermal glyphosate degradation product. In conclusion, compelling evidence is provided that glyphosate contamination becomes considerably reduced during roasting, whereas beverage preparation contributes at best to a minor further reduction. In consequence, even unusually high initial glyphosate loads in green beans are strongly reduced by the roasting process, resulting in a final cup content of <0.4 µg.</p>","PeriodicalId":12295,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoencapsulation with Eudragit® and chia mucilage increases the stability and antifungal efficacy of carvacrol against <i>Aspergillus</i> spp.","authors":"Athos Aramis Tópor Nunes, Flávio Fonseca Veras, Fabiola Ayres Cacciatore, Rafaela Diogo Silveira, Patrícia da Silva Malheiros, Juliane Elisa Welke","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2427670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2024.2427670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carvacrol is a consolidated natural antimicrobial. However, its use in food is a challenge due to characteristic odour and high volatility. Nanoencapsulation has emerged to overcome these drawbacks. <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. represent a concern in grapes for causing rot and producing mycotoxins. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of carvacrol (unencapsulated and loaded into Eudragit^® and chia nanocapsules) on the growth of <i>Aspergillus</i> species. Spore germination and mycelial growth of <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. were evaluated using the agar dilution culture method. The stability of nanocapsules during storage was monitored monthly by evaluating the particle size distribution, polydispersity index, and zeta potential. Antifungal and antitoxigenic effectiveness of nanocapsules were assessed by counting fungal colony-forming units and determining mycotoxin levels in grapes. A dose-dependent effect of carvacrol (unencapsulated and encapsulated forms) on spore germination and mycelial growth was observed. During 180 days of storage, carvacrol into Eudragit^® nanocapsules preserved their nanometric dimensions, whereas chia nanocapsules maintained this characteristic for 30 days. The antifungal effectiveness of both encapsulated forms persisted for 210 days. No mycotoxin was found, even when fungal growth was not completely suppressed. Nanoencapsulated carvacrol proved to be a new promising antifungal product to ensure quality and safety in the grape production chain.</p>","PeriodicalId":12295,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of cumulative exposures to multiple pesticide residues in three characteristic fruits in the Northwest of Iran: a risk assessment using Monte Carlo Simulation.","authors":"Lila Abbaszadeh, Neda Soheili Maleki, Mohammad Mosaferi, Ahmad Asl Hashemi, Gholam Hossein Safari","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2421182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2024.2421182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to monitor and evaluate the health risks of multiple organophosphorus pesticide residues in three characteristic fruits of Maragheh district, East Azerbaijan province. The Monte Carlo method was used to quantify the possible non-carcinogenic health risks associated with pesticide residues in adults and children. The residues of 17 pesticides in 36 samples were analysed using the QuEChERS extraction method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Residues of 13 pesticides (76.47%) were detected in grape samples and 15 pesticides (88.23%) in apricot and plum samples. The maximum level found in grape samples was due to chlorpyrifos with 1.2 mg/kg, and in apricot and plum samples to diazinon with 1.6 and 1.3 mg/kg, respectively. All grape, apricot and plum samples contained at least ten pesticides with levels exceeding the Iranian and EU Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs). The processing factor for washing treatment in grape, apricot and plum samples was less than 1, ranging from 0.53 to 0.69. Chlorpyrifos with values of 0.064 and 0.256 in the grape samples and diazinon with values of 0.0443 and 0.177 in the apricot samples and values of 0.0263 and 0.105 in the plum samples contain the highest hazard quotients (HQ) for adults and children, respectively. The cumulative risk assessment due to exposure to several pesticide residues suggests that there is no significant health risk for adults (HI < 1). However, consumption of unwashed grapes may cause adverse effects in children (HI = 1.48). However, for further research, a comprehensive longitudinal study is suggested to assess the long-term effects of exposure to pesticides especially for children.</p>","PeriodicalId":12295,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DART isotope dilution high resolution mass spectrometry and ¹⁹F-NMR detection of fluorotelomeric alcohols in hydrolyzed food contact paper.","authors":"Peter F Scholl, Clark D Ridge, Sharon Koh-Fallet, Luke K Ackerman, Katherine S Carlos","doi":"10.1080/19440049.2024.2423868","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19440049.2024.2423868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluorotelomer-based acrylate polymers and surfactants used to grease-proof food contact paper (FCP) are potential sources of dietary exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Food contact substances (FCS) containing polyfluorinated long-chains (≥C8) were voluntarily removed by their manufacturers from the U.S. market in 2011 due to health concerns and largely replaced with FCSs containing short-chain (≤C7) PFAS. In 2020, FDA findings of potential biopersistence of 6:2 FTOH (CF₃(CF₂)₅CH₂CH₂OH) similarly prompted an additional voluntarily phase-out of FCSs containing 6:2 FTOH by their manufacturers that was completed by the end of 2023. To monitor the phase-out process, a screening method was developed to detect FCPs containing ester-linked polyfluorinated pendant chains. Direct Analysis in Real Time-Isotope Dilution-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (DART-ID-HRMS) enabled rapid semi-quantitative detection of 6:2 FTOH in FCP saponification reaction headspace without requiring sample concentration or chromatography. ¹⁹F-NMR analysis confirmed 6:2 FTOH pendant chain identity and detection dependence on saponification. The speed and specificity of this approach arise from ester saponification in the presence of stable isotopically labeled 6:2 FTOH; high FTOH differential volatility relative to nonfluorinated matrix, and the facile production of FTOH gas-phase anions (<i>e</i>.<i>g</i>., [M + O₂]^·-, [M-H + CO₂]^-) under ambient ionization conditions. The efficiency of this simple workflow makes it well-suited for monitoring the phase-out of FCS containing ester-linked polyfluorinated chains from the U.S. marketplace.</p>","PeriodicalId":12295,"journal":{"name":"Food Additives and Contaminants Part A-chemistry Analysis Control Exposure & Risk Assessment","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142617817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}