Experimental Aging Research最新文献_第6页

Interoception, Affect, and Cognition in Older Adults. 老年人的互感、情感和认知。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Experimental Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-03-05 DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2023.2183704

Marcus Haustein, Emily B K Thomas, Kodi Scheer, Natalie L Denburg

{"title":"Interoception, Affect, and Cognition in Older Adults.","authors":"Marcus Haustein, Emily B K Thomas, Kodi Scheer, Natalie L Denburg","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2183704","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2183704","url":null,"abstract":"Interoception is the detection of signals that arise from within the body. Interoceptive sensitivity has been found to be associated with affect and cognition among younger adults, and examination of these relationships in older adult samples is beginning to emerge. Here, we take an exploratory approach to determine how demographic, affective, and cognitive variables relate to interoceptive sensitivity in neurologically normal older adults, aged 60-91 years old. Ninety-one participants completed a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, self-report questionnaires, and a heartbeat counting task to measure interoceptive sensitivity. Our findings revealed several relationships: 1) interoceptive sensitivity was inversely correlated with measures of positive emotionality: participants with higher interoceptive sensitivity tended to have lower levels of positive affect and trait extraversion; 2) interoceptive sensitivity was found to positively correlate with cognition: participants who performed better on the heartbeat-counting task also tended to perform better on a measure of delayed verbal memory; and 3) when examining the predictors of interoceptive sensitivity in a single hierarchical regression model, higher interoceptive sensitivity was related to: higher time estimation, lower positive affect, lower extraversion, and higher verbal memory. In total, the model accounted for 38% of the variability in interoceptive sensitivity (R2 = .38). These results suggest that, among older adults, interoceptive sensitivity is facilitative for aspects of cognition but perhaps disruptive for certain aspects of emotional experience.","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10477322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10159296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individual and Age Differences in Item and Context Memory. 项目记忆和情境记忆的个体和年龄差异

IF 1.8 4区医学

Experimental Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2023.2196503

Kyle G Featherston, Sandra Hale, Joel Myerson

{"title":"Individual and Age Differences in Item and Context Memory.","authors":"Kyle G Featherston, Sandra Hale, Joel Myerson","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2196503","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2196503","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated whether individuals who are good at recognizing previously presented items are also good at recognizing the context in which items were presented. We focused specifically on whether the relation between item recognition and context recognition abilities differs in younger and older adults. It has been hypothesized that context memory declines more rapidly in older adults due to an age-related deficit in associative binding or recollection. To test this hypothesis, younger and older adults were asked to remember lists of names and objects, as well as the context (i.e. their size, location, and color) that accompanied those items. Following presentation of each list, recognition tests for items and context were administered. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models analyzing both item and context scores together provided no evidence of separate factors for item and context memory. Instead, the best-fitting model separated performance by item-type, regardless of context, and no differences were found in the structure of these abilities in younger and older adults. These findings are consistent with the limited previous latent variable research on context memory in aging suggesting that there is no context recognition memory ability separable from item memory in younger nor older adults. Instead, individual differences in recognition memory abilities may be specific to the domain of the studied stimulus.","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9603411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations Between Cognitive Function and Muscle Quality Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study 居住在社区的老年人认知功能与肌肉质量之间的关系：横断面研究

IF 1.8 4区医学

Experimental Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2024.2334645

Kyosuke Yorozuya, Daiki Nakashima, Keisuke Fujii, Kento Noritake, Yuta Kubo, Yoshihito Tsubouchi, Naoki Tomiyama, Terufumi Iitsuka

引用次数: 0

The Relationship Between Executive Functions, Self-Reflection, and Insight Across Adulthood. 成年期执行功能、自我反省和洞察力之间的关系。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Experimental Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2024.2331404

Yasemin Sohtorik İlkmen, Ezgi Soncu Büyükişcan

{"title":"The Relationship Between Executive Functions, Self-Reflection, and Insight Across Adulthood.","authors":"Yasemin Sohtorik İlkmen, Ezgi Soncu Büyükişcan","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2024.2331404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0361073X.2024.2331404","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Research suggests that executive functions and metacognitive abilities, including self-reflection and insight, may share underlying mechanisms since both rely on top-down cognitive processes and require self-regulation. However, these relationships have not been thoroughly examined by empirical research. The current study investigated the relationship between insight, self-reflection, and executive functions cross-sectionally across different stages of aging.Methods: Participants were 1284 (655 men and 629 women) cognitively healthy community dwellers with an age range of 18-89 years (M = 47.91, SD = 19.83). The sample was divided into three groups based on age, e.g., the young adults (18-34 years-old), the middle-aged adults (35-59 years-old), and older adults (60 years and older). Participants completed multiple executive function tasks (including trail making, verbal fluency, Stroop, digit span) and a self-report insight and self-reflection measure individually in face-to-face sessions.Results: The results show that education, age, digit span forward, which is a measure of short-term memory and phonemic fluency were significant predictors of self-reported insight. Furthermore, insight, but not self-reflection, had significant positive correlations with short-term memory and phonemic fluency across three age groups.Conclusions: Overall, the results indicate that performance on executive function measures and self-reported self-reflection and insight are relatively independent cognitive abilities.","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140305366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Relationship Between Older Adults' Subjective Age and Perceived Effort on Cognitive Tasks. 老年人的主观年龄与认知任务中感知到的努力之间的关系。

IF 1.8 4区医学

Experimental Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2022.2145163

Meltem Karaca, Lisa Geraci, Robert Tirso, Jonathan Aube

{"title":"The Relationship Between Older Adults' Subjective Age and Perceived Effort on Cognitive Tasks.","authors":"Meltem Karaca, Lisa Geraci, Robert Tirso, Jonathan Aube","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2145163","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2145163","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although engagement in cognitively-demanding activities is beneficial for older adults, research suggests that older adults may be less motivated to engage in these types of activities because of the increased age-related costs associated with task engagement and their perceptions of the task demands.Methods: Across three studies, we investigated if older adults' subjective age predicted their perceptions of effort over the course of a working memory task. Younger and older adults reported their subjective age and then completed an increasingly difficult series of working memory trials, indicating perceived task demands and effort after each trial.Results: Results from all three studies showed that there was no age difference in performance or in perceptions of task difficulty, contrary to previous results. Also, there was no significant association between older adults' subjective age and perceived effort, suggesting that subjective age may not be a reliable predictor of perceptions of task demands in older adults.Discussion: Participant characteristics and the testing environment may play a role in determining the relationship between subjective age and perceived effort.","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9307321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IF 1.4 4区医学

Experimental Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-06 DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2023.2176629

Dillon H Murphy, Alan D Castel

{"title":"Age-Related Differences in Overcoming Interference When Selectively Remembering Important Information.","authors":"Dillon H Murphy, Alan D Castel","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2176629","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2176629","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the effects of interference on value-based memory in younger and older adults by presenting participants with lists of words paired with point values counting toward their score if recalled. In Experiment 1, we created a situation where there was a buildup of interference such that participants could recall words from any studied list to earn points. However, to increase participants' motivation to combat interference, we told participants that if they recalled words from previously studied lists, those words would be worth double the original point value of the word. In Experiment 2, to examine age-related differences in the absence of any interference, participants studied and were tested on the same set of words throughout several study-test cycles. The buildup of interference caused by participants needing to recall both just-studied and previously studied words in Experiment 1 impaired selectivity in older adults relative to younger adults and this effect was particularly pronounced when considering the recall of just prior-list words. However, in the absence of interference, there was not an overall recall deficit or any selectivity impairments in older adults. Thus, proactive and retroactive interference seem to be largely responsible for age-related deficits in selective memory for important information.","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10404302/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9942779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital Methods for Performing Daily Tasks Among Older Adults: An Initial Report of Frequency of Use and Perceived Utility. 老年人执行日常任务的数字方法：关于使用频率和认知效用的初步报告。

IF 1.4 4区医学

Experimental Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-05 DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2023.2172950

Jared F Benge, Alyssa Aguirre, Michael K Scullin, Andrew Kiselica, Robin C Hilsabeck, David Paydarfar, Edison Thomaz, Michael Douglas

{"title":"Digital Methods for Performing Daily Tasks Among Older Adults: An Initial Report of Frequency of Use and Perceived Utility.","authors":"Jared F Benge, Alyssa Aguirre, Michael K Scullin, Andrew Kiselica, Robin C Hilsabeck, David Paydarfar, Edison Thomaz, Michael Douglas","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2172950","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2172950","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Digital technologies permit new ways of performing instrumental activities of daily living (iADLs) for older adults, but these approaches are not usually considered in existing iADL measures. The current study investigated how a sample of older adults report using digital versus analog approaches for iADLs.Method: 248 older adults completed the Digital and Analog Daily Activities Survey, a newly developed measure of how an individual performs financial, navigation, medication, and other iADLs.Results: The majority of participants reported regularly using digital methods for some iADLs, such as paying bills (67.7%) and using GPS (67.7%). Low digital adopters were older than high adopters (F(2, 245) = 12.24, p < .001), but otherwise the groups did not differ in terms of gender, years of education, or history of neurological disorders. Participants who used digital methods relatively more than analog methods reported greater levels of satisfaction with their approach and fewer daily errors.Conclusions: Many older adults have adopted digital technologies for supporting daily tasks, which suggests limitations to the validity of current iADL assessments. By capitalizing on existing habits and enriching environments with new technologies, there are opportunities to promote technological reserve in older adults in a manner that sustains daily functioning.","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11250545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10647781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lack of Interaction Motivation in Older Adults Automatically Reduces Cognitive Empathy. 老年人缺乏互动动机会自动降低认知共情

IF 1.8 4区医学

Experimental Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2023.2168990

Binghai Sun, Zhenbing Luo, Xiaoyu Zhu, Yuting Shao, Wenhai Zhang, Guihua Qin, Shuwei Lin, Simin Wan

{"title":"Lack of Interaction Motivation in Older Adults Automatically Reduces Cognitive Empathy.","authors":"Binghai Sun, Zhenbing Luo, Xiaoyu Zhu, Yuting Shao, Wenhai Zhang, Guihua Qin, Shuwei Lin, Simin Wan","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2168990","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2168990","url":null,"abstract":"Empathy, the ability to understand and respond to the experiences of others, is an important skill for maintaining good relationships throughout one's life. Previous research indicated that emotional empathy remained stable or even increased in older adults compared to younger adults, while cognitive empathy showed age-related deficits. Based on the selective engagement hypothesis, this deficit was not caused by a decline in cognitive functioning, but by a lack of willingness to judge the target person's emotions more precisely, that is, by a lack of interaction motivation. In order to provide more evidence on the causes of empathic aging in older adults, the current study investigated the influence of interaction motivation on empathy in older adults in an Eastern cultural context (China) based on the selective engagement hypothesis. This study used older adults and younger adults as subjects. Through two experiments, empathy was measured by the multiple empathy test (Experiment 1) and film tasks (Experiment 2); at the same time, use accountability instructions (Experiment 1), the age-related events (Experiment 2) to manipulate interaction motivation. The results showed that emotional empathy was significantly higher in older adults than in younger adults, regardless of whether interaction motivation was elicited. In terms of cognitive empathy, when there is no motivation, the cognitive empathy of older adults is significantly lower than that of younger adults. When the interaction motivation is stimulated, the cognitive empathy of older adults is no less than that of younger adults. This suggested that empathic aging in older adults was not a permanent decline in cognitive empathy, but rather a decline in interaction motivation, supporting the selective engagement hypothesis.","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43929519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Central Sensitization on Postoperative Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Hospitalized Elderly Patients: A Prospective Cohort Clinical Trial. 中枢增敏对住院老年患者术后神经认知功能障碍的影响：一项前瞻性队列临床试验

IF 1.8 4区医学

Experimental Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-22 DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2023.2182093

Lili Yu, Dongliang Yang, Qi Zhou, Chunping Yin, Qi Zhang, Wei Li, Jiaxu Yu, Qiujun Wang

{"title":"The Effect of Central Sensitization on Postoperative Neurocognitive Dysfunction in Hospitalized Elderly Patients: A Prospective Cohort Clinical Trial.","authors":"Lili Yu, Dongliang Yang, Qi Zhou, Chunping Yin, Qi Zhang, Wei Li, Jiaxu Yu, Qiujun Wang","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2182093","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2182093","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To investigate whether central sensitization (CS) in elderly patients was a predictive risk factor for postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PNCD).Methods: One hundred and thirty-three aged patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) who received femoral nerve block and general anesthesia were recruited in this research and prospectively assigned into two groups according to the Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI) score: group C (n = 106, CSI score less than 40) and group CS (n = 27, CSI score higher than 40). Scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Confusion Assessment Method (CAM), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Quality of recovery-40 (QoR-40) questionnaires were assessed. Basic information and clinical records of all participants were also collected.Results: PNCD occurred in 24 (22.6%) of patients in group C and 16 (59.3%) in group CS (p < .05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that patients with CSI score ≥40 before surgery exhibited higher risk of PNCD after adjustment for other risk factors (p < .05). Compared to group C, the pre- and post-operative NRS scores, pain duration, the WOMAC score, and propofol consumptions for anesthesia induction were significantly increased in group CS (p < .05).Conclusion: Hospitalized elderly patients with clinical symptoms of CS scores may have increased risk of PNCD following TKA.","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44181886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of 12-Week-Zumba Training on Postural Balance, Lower Limb Strength, Mood and Quality of Life in Postmenopausal Women. 为期 12 周的尊巴训练对绝经后妇女姿势平衡、下肢力量、情绪和生活质量的影响

IF 1.8 4区医学

Experimental Aging Research Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/0361073X.2023.2172304

Mariam Lahiani, Fatma Ben Waer, Fatma Chaari, Haithem Rebai, Sonia Sahli

引用次数: 0