Experimental Aging Research最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Body Mass Index and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults in India: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Alok Roy","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2171686","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2171686","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study aimed to explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and cognitive function among older adults in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data on 21,000 older adults aged 60 years and older from the first wave of the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India (LASI), conducted in India during 2017-18, were used. Bivariate analysis and multivariate linear regression models were applied. The cognition tests include memory, orientation, arithmetic function, executive function, and object naming.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean overall cognition score was 24.6 in the study population. Further, BMI status showed a significant and positive association with cognition. The association of underweight with poor cognition (β=-0.72; 95% CI = -0.89, -0.54) whereas overweight (β = 0.57; 95% CI = 0.39, 0.75) and obese (β = 0.97; 95% CI = 0.68, 1.26) with better cognition remained statistically significant after adjusting for sociodemographic, health-related behavior, and health covariates. The mean cognition score of female older adults was always lower than male older adults with normal BMI, irrespective of their BMI categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study shows that an underweight BMI is associated with poor cognition in both male and female older adults. In the context of providing health care for older individuals, underweight individuals should be given more attention in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":" ","pages":"102-116"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10623688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and Gender Differences in the Borrowing of Personal Stories.","authors":"Jessica Udry, Jessica Becerra, Hyunji Kim, Sarah J Barber","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2168441","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2023.2168441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In prior research, about half of undergraduate students claimed to have \"borrowed\" a story, by telling someone else's autobiographical memory as if it was their own. Given that borrowing stories often involves intentional fabrication, and given that there are age-related declines in lying, we hypothesized that reports of intentionally borrowing stories should decline with age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We recruited participants who ranged in age from 18 to 86 and asked them to complete an online retrospective survey about borrowing stories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consistent with our hypothesis, older age was associated with lower reports of borrowing stories. Furthermore, among people who did report borrowing a story, older age was associated with less frequent story borrowing and less recent story borrowing.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the importance of using age-diverse samples when examining social memory phenomena. Findings based upon undergraduate students do not always replicate in other age groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":" ","pages":"117-132"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10635284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olfactory Dysfunction Associated with Cognitive Decline in an Elderly Population.","authors":"Majed Alotaibi, Melissa Lessard-Beaudoin, Kate Busch, Amal Loudghi, Pierrette Gaudreau, Rona K Graham","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2160597","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2160597","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer disease, early olfactory dysfunction is observed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>In order to determine if deficits in olfactory memory are present in the elderly and if olfactory dysfunction correlates with cognitive impairment in the aging population, olfactory testing has been done on seniors from the NuAge cohort accepting to participate in the Olfactory Response Cognition and Aging (ORCA) secondary sub-study. The t-Mini Mental Statement Examination and the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status tests were done to assess cognition levels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 94% of the ORCA cohort displayed olfactory dysfunction. Deficits in olfactory memory were also present. A correlation was observed between olfactory function and cognitive test scores. Moreover, in women who smoked, there was an association between olfactory memory and cognitive scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggest that olfactory dysfunction may predict impending cognitive decline and highlights the need for olfactory training in seniors to improve olfaction and overall well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10474812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age Differences in Gaze Following: Older Adults Follow Gaze More than Younger Adults When free-viewing Scenes.","authors":"Eunice G Fernandes, Benjamin W Tatler, Gillian Slessor, Louise H Phillips","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2156760","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2156760","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous research investigated age differences in gaze following with an attentional cueing paradigm where participants view a face with averted gaze, and then respond to a target appearing in a location congruent or incongruent with the gaze cue. However, this paradigm is far removed from the way we use gaze cues in everyday settings. Here we recorded the eye movements of younger and older adults while they freely viewed naturalistic scenes where a person looked at an object or location. Older adults were more likely to fixate and made more fixations to the gazed-at location, compared to younger adults. Our findings suggest that, contrary to what was observed in the traditional gaze-cueing paradigm, in a non-constrained task that uses contextualized stimuli older adults follow gaze as much as or even more than younger adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":" ","pages":"84-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10497638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metamemory Mediates the Effects of Age on Episodic and Working Memory across the Adult Lifespan.","authors":"Selene Cansino, Frine Torres-Trejo, Cinthya Estrada-Manilla, Silvia Ruiz Velasco","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2158004","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2158004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies have examined the direct relationship between metamemory and memory performance in young and older adults, but the results of these studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, we examined whether metamemory mediates the effects of age on memory performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined episodic memory and working memory through computerized tasks performed by a lifespan sample of 1554 healthy adults. Seven metamemory traits were measured with the Metamemory in Adulthood (MIA) questionnaire. Separate structural equation modeling analyses were conducted to investigate potential metamemory mediators that intervened between age and the accuracy and speed of accessing information from episodic and working memory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The use of internal or external strategies mediated the effects of age on episodic memory and spatial working memory performance. The perception of one's own memory capacity and the experience of anxiety when using memory functions mediated the effects of age on working memory performance in both domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Metamemory traits have the power to strengthen or weaken the course of episodic and working memory decline throughout adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":" ","pages":"65-83"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10325586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Congruent Prosody Reduces Cognitive Effort in Memory for Spoken Sentences: A Pupillometric Study with Young and Older Adults","authors":"Ryan M. O’Leary, Nicole M. Amichetti, Zoe Brown, Alexander J. Kinney, Arthur Wingfield","doi":"10.1080/0361073x.2023.2286872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/0361073x.2023.2286872","url":null,"abstract":"In spite of declines in working memory and other processes, older adults generally maintain good ability to understand and remember spoken sentences. In part this is due to preserved knowledge of l...","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138560500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Older Adults Show Intraindividual Variation in the Use of Predictive Processing.","authors":"Suzanne R Jongman, Allyson Copeland, Yaqi Xu, Brennan R Payne, Kara D Federmeier","doi":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2137358","DOIUrl":"10.1080/0361073X.2022.2137358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of prediction can aid language comprehension through preactivation of relevant word features. However, predictions can be wrong, and it has been proposed that resolving the mismatch between the predicted and presented item requires cognitive resources. Older adults tend not to predict and instead rely more on passive comprehension. Here, we tested, using an intraindividual approach, whether older adults consistently use this less demanding processing strategy while reading or whether they attempt to predict on some trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a cross-task conflict paradigm. Younger and older participants self-paced to read sentences that ended with either an expected or unexpected word. Each sentence was then followed by a flanker stimulus that could be congruent or incongruent. We examined responses within and across the two tasks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Unexpected words were in general read as quickly as expected words, indicating that typical processing of these words was similar. However, for both younger and older adults, there was a greater proportion of very slow trials for unexpected words, revealing different processing on a subset of trials. Critically, in older adults, these slowly read unexpected words engaged control, as seen in speeded responses to incongruent flanker stimuli.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Using a cross-task conflict paradigm, we showed that older adults are able to predict and engage cognitive resources to cope with prediction violations, but do not opt to use these processes consistently.</p>","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":"49 5","pages":"433-456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10154438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10024197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of whole-course nutrition management on accelerated recovery in elderly patients with bladder cancer","authors":"Wenwen Fu, Lina Zhang","doi":"10.26599/agr.2023.9340014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/agr.2023.9340014","url":null,"abstract":"<sec><strong>Objective</strong> The purpose of this article is to explore the effect of whole-course nutrition management on accelerated recovery in elderly patients with bladder cancer. </sec><sec><strong>Results</strong> 126 elderly patients with bladder cancer completed the study (<i>N</i>_{accelerated rehabilitation} = 63; <i>N</i>_control = 63). The levels of albumin, prealbumin, and hemoglobin accelerated rehabilitation group were significantly higher than those in control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05), the albumin supplementation amount, intensive care unit (ICU) monitoring time, and hospitalization cost in the accelerated rehabilitation group were lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The postoperative complication rate of patients in the accelerated rehabilitation group was lower than that of the control group. There was no significant difference between the two groups in body composition body mass index (BMI), actual weight, body fat volume, body fat percentage, fat free weight, visceral fat area Basal metabolic rate, ratio of total body water to protein weight, waist circumference, phase angle (<i>P</i> > 0.05), The degree of loss of skeletal muscle, body water, intracellular water, protein, and body cell mass in accelerated rehabilitation group was lower than that in control group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). </sec><sec><strong>Conclusion</strong> The whole-course nutrition management had a positive effect on accelerated recovery in elderly bladder cancer patients. </sec><sec><strong>Methods</strong> 126 elderly patients with bladder cancer were randomly divided into an accelerated rehabilitation group (accelerated recovery surgery group) and a control group (traditional treatment group). The baseline values were registered. After admission, the postoperative hematological indicators (albumin, prealbumin, and hemoglobin), and postoperative related indicators (albumin supplementation, postoperative complication rate, ICU monitoring time, and total hospitalization costs) were recorded to simultaneously measure the differences in body composition between two groups of patients. </sec>","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":"2019 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136010253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The connotation and path of sports promoting \"proactive health\" strategy","authors":"Huiru Wang, Jiachen Liu","doi":"10.26599/agr.2023.9340011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/agr.2023.9340011","url":null,"abstract":"In response to an aging population and the accelerated transition from a disease-centered approach to a people's health-centered approach, proactive health has become an essential component of China's future health security system. Sports are a significant part of the proactive health strategy. Using Citespace 6.2.2 visualization analysis software, 211 effective documents were visually analyzed. It is believed that the focal points for implementing the \"proactive health\" strategy include: 1. Insisting on \"moving the focus upstream\" to curb diseases at their budding stage; 2. Dialectically viewing the aging population, regarding the elderly from a \"positive perspective\"; 3. Creating a proactive health environment and improve the proactive health security system; 4. Popularizing health knowledge scientifically, promoting the health literacy and health behaviors of the elderly.","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":"80 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135736135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of aging-related genes in <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection","authors":"Honghao Li, Yuanyuan Deng, Honglie Zeng, Shaowei Cai, Ming Xu, Hongli Zhao","doi":"10.26599/agr.2023.9340013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26599/agr.2023.9340013","url":null,"abstract":"<sec><strong>Background</strong> <i> Helicobacter pylori</i> (HP) infection is common worldwide, leading to many systemic diseases. The reasons for aging have been explored, but there is no unified conclusion. The aim of this study was to explore aging-related genes involved in HP infection. </sec><sec><strong>Results</strong> A total of 70 aging-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between HP infection and control groups, including 64 upregulated genes and 6 downregulated genes. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that multiple signaling pathways are closely linked to HP infection. In addition, the cytoHubba plugin identified 10 important hub genes, namely, ITGB2, PTPRC, HCLS1, LAPTM5, CD53, LYN, HLA-DRA, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DQB1, and CXCL8. Additionally, the correlation analysis of immune cell fractions revealed that immune infiltration plays an important role in HP infection. The nomogram containing CD53, ITGB2, and CXCL8 confirmed the favorable prediction ability of HP infection. </sec><sec><strong>Conclusion</strong> Ten aging-related hub genes involved in HP infection were identified. This study revealed an association between aging and HP infection, and they may have a causal relationship. </sec><sec><strong>Methods</strong> Microarray data for HP infection were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Aging-related genes were obtained from the Molecular Signature Database (<a ext-link-type=\"uri\" href=\"https://www.gsea-msigdb.org\">https://www.gsea-msigdb.org</a>). Differential gene expression analysis was analysed using R software and the limma package to find DEGs. In addition, functional enrichment analysis of DEGs by using GO and KEGG and construction of protein‒protein interactions (PPIs) and hub genes were determined by using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. Additionally, immune infiltration and difference analysis between HP infection and control groups were performed with R software. A nomogram was constructed to predict the risk of infection with HP by using some hub genes that were strongly correlated with neutrophils. </sec>","PeriodicalId":12240,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Aging Research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135735119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}