EurosurveillancePub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2400689
Olivier Supplisson, Nicolas Tessandier, Mathilde Roussel, Stéphanie Haim-Boukobza, Sonia Burrel, Mircea T Sofonea, Samuel Alizon
{"title":"High-risk human papillomavirus cervical infection prevalence: a nationwide retrospective study comparing opportunistic and organised screening, France, 2020 to 2023.","authors":"Olivier Supplisson, Nicolas Tessandier, Mathilde Roussel, Stéphanie Haim-Boukobza, Sonia Burrel, Mircea T Sofonea, Samuel Alizon","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2400689","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2400689","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDIn France, cervical cancer screening for females aged 30--65 years primarily tests for high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infections.AIMWe aimed to map the prevalence of cervical infections caused by HPV16 and/or 18, or by any of 12 other carcinogenic HPV genotypes and compare prevalence estimates from tests from spontaneous medical visits (opportunistic screening) or the national screening programme (organised screening).METHODSWe extracted data from a large network of biology laboratories, containing all available results from HR HPV tests performed between 1 January 2020 and 30 November 2023 in metropolitan France. A full hierarchical Bayesian model was used to compute spatially resolved expected prevalence maps at the postcode level.RESULTSThe analytic sample contained results of 362,963 HR HPV tests. Among samples positive for HPV16 and/or 18, 2.9% and 3.8% were from organised and opportunistic screening, respectively. Samples positive for other genotypes were 6.9% and 9.4%, respectively.During the last week of the study (week 48 2023), among females aged 30 years, opportunistic screening was associated with a greater expected prevalence of HPV16 and/or 18 and other genotypes in 97.2% and 99.9% of postcodes, respectively. The probability this percentage was lower among females aged 66 years was below 95% for both genotype groups.For organised screening, a pronounced north-west/south-east gradient in infection prevalence was found across France for both genotype groups, with hotspots located at the border with Italy, Spain and Switzerland.CONCLUSIONOpportunistic screening is associated with systematic inflation of HR HPV infection prevalence.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273260/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EurosurveillancePub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.27.2400748
Miguel Angel Sanchez Ruiz, Diogo Fp Marques, Frederikke Kristensen Lomholt, Lasse Skafte Vestergaard, Susana Monge, Marcos Lozano Álvarez, Gudrun Aspelund, Marianna Thordardottir, Ausra Dziugyte, John-Paul Cauchi, Tjarda M Boere, Irene K Veldhuijzen, Elina Seppälä, Håkon Bøås, Trine Hessevik Paulsen, Ausenda Machado, Ana Paula Rodrigues, Mariette Hooiveld, Luis Alves de Sousa, Ana Torres, Carlos Carvalho, Baltazar Nunes
{"title":"Surveillance of severe acute respiratory infections associated with SARS-CoV-2, influenza virus and RSV using ICD-10 codes: a case definition accuracy study across five European countries, 2021 to 2023.","authors":"Miguel Angel Sanchez Ruiz, Diogo Fp Marques, Frederikke Kristensen Lomholt, Lasse Skafte Vestergaard, Susana Monge, Marcos Lozano Álvarez, Gudrun Aspelund, Marianna Thordardottir, Ausra Dziugyte, John-Paul Cauchi, Tjarda M Boere, Irene K Veldhuijzen, Elina Seppälä, Håkon Bøås, Trine Hessevik Paulsen, Ausenda Machado, Ana Paula Rodrigues, Mariette Hooiveld, Luis Alves de Sousa, Ana Torres, Carlos Carvalho, Baltazar Nunes","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.27.2400748","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.27.2400748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDSurveillance of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) using ICD-10 codes from electronic health records (EHR) lacks consensus on optimal case-defining codes.AIMWe determined codes that maximise sensitivity (Se) and positive predictive value (PPV) for SARI associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Denmark, Iceland, Malta, Norway and Spain.METHODSWe included hospitalisations from week 21/2021 to 39/2023, with ICD-10 diagnostic codes for respiratory disease (three-character codes J00-J99) or COVID-19 (U07.1, U07.2, country-specific codes for Denmark). We assessed Se and PPV of individual codes against laboratory results. Based on Se and PPV rank-sum, we selected the top 10 codes and combined them into 10 sets per pathogen. We identified sets that maximised the clinical utility index (CUI = Se × PPV), categorised as excellent (≥ 0.81), good (0.64-0.80), satisfactory (0.49-0.63) and poor (< 0.49).RESULTSWe assessed 395,163 hospitalisations for SARI-SARS-CoV-2, 313,418 for SARI-influenza and 192,936 for SARI-RSV, all tested. For SARI-SARS-CoV-2, code U07.1 (B34.2A, B97.2A for Denmark) had excellent utility in Denmark, Malta, Norway, Spain (≥ 0.82), and good utility in Iceland (0.79). For SARI-influenza, J09, J10 and J11 performed excellently in Denmark, Norway, Spain (≥ 0.83), satisfactorily in Malta (0.52), and poorly in Iceland (0.43). For SARI-RSV, J12, J20 and J21 achieved highest CUI but had poor utility (0.17-0.34).CONCLUSIONSCOVID-19- and influenza-specific three-character ICD-10 codes accurately identified SARI associated with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus. For SARI-RSV, four-character codes should be explored. We recommend context-specific assessments in countries adopting EHR-based surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12262114/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Peanut butter confirmed as the source in a case of infant botulism, United Kingdom, 2024.","authors":"Rosie J Crane, Corinne Fl Amar, Humphrey Omoruyi, Burhan Ahmed, Jonathan Finch, Rachael Kendrick, Shamez Ladhani, Anais Painset, Dunstan Rajendram, Nika Raphaely, Buvana Dwarakanathan, Suba Guruprasad, Hani Zuhur-Adi, Vanessa K Wong, Gauri Godbole","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.30.2500512","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.30.2500512","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 6-month-old infant was hospitalised with suspected infant botulism after being given peanut butter to reduce their risk of developing peanut allergy. <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> type A was detected in their faeces and the peanut butter by PCR and culture. Whole genome sequencing confirmed identical strains, identifying the peanut butter as the source of infection. The infant was treated with human-derived antitoxin Botulism Immune Globulin Intravenous (Human) (BIG-IV) and recovered well. This case highlights potential botulism risk with early peanut introduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12315516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EurosurveillancePub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2500436
Tim Eckmanns, Sascha Al Dahouk, Benjamin Tittmann, Nadine Litzba, Hanna Buck, Katrin Kremer-Flach, Anke Kohlenberg, Guido Werner, Hendrik Wilking, Sebastian Haller, Torsten Semmler
{"title":"Letter to the editor: Use of integrated genomic surveillance by local public health authorities: recommendations based on a mixed-methods study of current adoption, applications and success factors, Germany, 2023.","authors":"Tim Eckmanns, Sascha Al Dahouk, Benjamin Tittmann, Nadine Litzba, Hanna Buck, Katrin Kremer-Flach, Anke Kohlenberg, Guido Werner, Hendrik Wilking, Sebastian Haller, Torsten Semmler","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2500436","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2500436","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autochthonous transmission of <i>Trichophyton indotineae</i> through sexual contact, France, 2024.","authors":"Arnaud Jabet, Thibault Chiarabini, Christophe Hennequin, Fabrice Bouscarat, Nadia Valin, Romuald Cruchet, Nicolas Boo, Johan Chanal, Christine Schuttler, Myriam Kirstetter, Anne-Cécile Normand, Arnaud Fekkar, Valérie Pourcher, Renaud Piarroux, Gentiane Monsel","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.26.2500416","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.26.2500416","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Trichophyton indotineae</i> is an emerging difficult to diagnose dermatophyte species associated with terbinafine resistance, which was initially described in South-Asian and Middle-Eastern countries. We report four cases of sexually transmitted dermatophytosis caused by <i>T. indotineae</i> in two female sex-workers, including one transgender woman, and two men who have sex with men. All four cases were acquired in Europe, highlighting the risk of pathogen spread through sexual contact outside initial endemic areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144559628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EurosurveillancePub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2400723
Regina Singer, Mirco Sandfort, Felix Reichert, Achim Dörre, Jens Hoebel, Anja Klingeberg, Sebastian Haller, Niels Michalski
{"title":"Socioeconomic position and urban environments as drivers of antimicrobial resistance? An ecological study in Germany, 2010 to 2019.","authors":"Regina Singer, Mirco Sandfort, Felix Reichert, Achim Dörre, Jens Hoebel, Anja Klingeberg, Sebastian Haller, Niels Michalski","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2400723","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2400723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BACKGROUNDGermany lacks comprehensive studies on the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR).AIMWe assessed the association between area-level SEP and AMR infection and colonisation in Germany.METHODSIn an ecological study design, we analysed statutory notifications of invasive meticillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA, n = 34,440) in 2010-2019, and colonisations and infections with carbapenem-resistant <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. (CRA, n = 1,979) and Enterobacterales (CRE, n = 10,825) in 2017-2019. Area-level SEP was measured by the German index of socioeconomic deprivation (GISD), incorporating education, employment and income data. A multilevel Poisson regression analysis estimated the association between AMR incidence and GISD at district level, adjusting for age, sex, notification year and urbanisation degree.RESULTSMedian ages of patients with carbapenem-resistant bacteria were between 66 (CRA colonisation) and 69 years (CRE infection). For MRSA infections, the median age was 74 years. Across each pathogen, approximately two thirds of patients were male. Estimated MRSA incidence was almost five times higher in districts with lowest vs highest area-level SEP (incidence rate ratio, IRR: 4.8; 95% CI: 2.8-8.2). This association was strongest in large cities (IRR: 9.1; 95% CI: 2.7-30.9), and sparsely populated rural districts (IRR: 6.5; 95% CI: 2.8-15.0). Associations of CRA (IRR: 0.6; 95% CI: 0.3-1.2) and CRE (IRR: 0.9; 95% CI: 0.6-1.4) infections with SEP were not statistically significant.CONCLUSIONLower area-level SEP and degree of urbanisation were associated with MRSA incidence, however, no associations were uncovered between SEP and CRA or CRE infections. Further individual-level research could explore if health behaviours, living/working conditions or healthcare access explain the findings. Socioeconomic conditions should be considered for AMR prevention and control.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EurosurveillancePub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2500452
Louise Roer, Nicolas Yin, Olivier Denis, Karuna Ew Vendrik, Romy D Zwittink, Daan W Notermans, Monique Perrin, Kirstin Khonyongwa, Anne Tristan, Benjamin Youenou, Franziska Layer-Nicolaou, Guido Werner, Hege Enger, Emily Charlotte Henry Eikrem, Jessica Darenberg, Barbro Mäkitalo, Magnus Paulsson, Jonas Björkman, Hong Fang, Erika Tång Hallbäck, Martin Sundqvist, Laura Lindholm, Kartyk Moganeradj, Silvia García-Cobos, Javier E Cañada-García, Barbara Juliane Holzknecht, Helle Brander Eriksen, Morten Hoppe, Mette Damkjær Bartels, Jose Alfredo Samaniego Castruita, Tinna Ravnholt Urth, Anders Rhod Larsen, Andreas Petersen
{"title":"Spread of the FAR-MRSA clone, a fusidic acid- and meticillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> ST121, Europe, 2014 to 2024.","authors":"Louise Roer, Nicolas Yin, Olivier Denis, Karuna Ew Vendrik, Romy D Zwittink, Daan W Notermans, Monique Perrin, Kirstin Khonyongwa, Anne Tristan, Benjamin Youenou, Franziska Layer-Nicolaou, Guido Werner, Hege Enger, Emily Charlotte Henry Eikrem, Jessica Darenberg, Barbro Mäkitalo, Magnus Paulsson, Jonas Björkman, Hong Fang, Erika Tång Hallbäck, Martin Sundqvist, Laura Lindholm, Kartyk Moganeradj, Silvia García-Cobos, Javier E Cañada-García, Barbara Juliane Holzknecht, Helle Brander Eriksen, Morten Hoppe, Mette Damkjær Bartels, Jose Alfredo Samaniego Castruita, Tinna Ravnholt Urth, Anders Rhod Larsen, Andreas Petersen","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2500452","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.2500452","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe the genetic characteristics of a fusidic acid- and meticillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) clone widespread in Europe, based on whole genome sequences from 317 isolates. The clone is causing impetigo and other skin and soft tissue infections, primarily in young children. Comparison with publicly available <i>S. aureus</i> ST121 sequences showed that the clone is clearly distinct from previously described ST121 clones. European and other international readers should be aware of the emergence of this community-acquired MRSA clone.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EurosurveillancePub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.20250717
{"title":"Job vacancy at the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC).","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.20250717","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.28.20250717","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 28","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12273255/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144667516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EurosurveillancePub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.30.2500007
Ida Sperle, Thomas Seyler, Filippo Pericoli, Erika Duffell, Sharon Hutchinson, Marie Jauffret-Roustide, Martin Kåberg, Anda Ķīvīte-Urtāne, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Vana Sypsa, Ruth Zimmermann
{"title":"Standardising monitoring data on drug-related infectious diseases among people who inject drugs in Europe - an update of the European Union Drugs Agency technical protocol, 2024.","authors":"Ida Sperle, Thomas Seyler, Filippo Pericoli, Erika Duffell, Sharon Hutchinson, Marie Jauffret-Roustide, Martin Kåberg, Anda Ķīvīte-Urtāne, Carole Seguin-Devaux, Vana Sypsa, Ruth Zimmermann","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.30.2500007","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.30.2500007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-related infectious diseases (DRID), such as HIV, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), contribute to high morbidity and mortality among people who inject drugs (PWID). The European Union Drugs Agency (EUDA) is responsible for monitoring DRID and related behaviours for PWID in Europe. We updated the EUDA DRID technical protocol which covers all steps from planning to data analysis needed for a survey among PWID. Drug-related infectious disease-specific indicators were revised. To enable a more effective monitoring of the current epidemiological situation, we added specific core indicators, such as prevalence of viraemic HBV, HCV and HIV care cascades and harm reduction-related indicators. HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis and take-home naloxone were added as optional indicators. The process was informed by a European working group, who shared best-practice examples of (repeated) cross-sectional and cohort surveys using different methods in various settings. To reach the World Health Organization's goal of ending HIV and the viral hepatitis epidemics, comprehensive DRID monitoring among the disproportionately affected PWID population is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12315514/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
EurosurveillancePub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.30.20250731
{"title":"Job vacancy at the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC).","authors":"","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.30.20250731","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.30.20250731","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12315512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}