Eurosurveillance最新文献

{"title":"Identifying hotspots and risk factors for tick-borne encephalitis virus emergence at its range margins to guide interventions, Great Britain.","authors":"Richard Mj Hassall, Maya Holding, Jolyon M Medlock, Festus A Asaaga, Sophie O Vanwambeke, Roger Hewson, Bethan V Purse","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2400441","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2400441","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundTick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is expanding its range in Europe, with increasing human cases reported. Since the first detection of TBEV in ticks in the United Kingdom in 2019, one possible, two probable and two confirmed autochthonous cases in humans have been reported.AimWe aimed to understand the environmental and ecological factors limiting TBEV foci at their range edge and predict suitable areas for TBEV establishment across Great Britain (GB) by modelling patterns of exposure to TBEV in deer.MethodsWe developed spatial risk models for TBEV by integrating data between 2018 and 2021 on antibodies against tick-borne flavivirus in fallow, muntjac, red and roe deer with data on potential risk factors, including climate, land use, forest connectivity and distributions of bank voles and yellow-necked mice. We overlayed modelled suitability for TBEV exposure across GB with estimations on number of visitors to predict areas of high human exposure risk.ResultsModels for fallow, muntjac and roe deer performed well in independent validation (Boyce index > 0.92). Probable exposure to TBEV was more likely to occur in sites with a greater percentage cover of coniferous woodland, with multiple deer species, higher winter temperatures and rates of spring warming.ConclusionThe resulting TBEV suitability maps can be used by public health bodies in GB to tailor surveillance and identify probable high-risk areas for human exposure to guide awareness raising and vaccination policy. Combining animal surveillance and iterative spatial risk modelling can enhance preparedness in areas of tick-borne disease emergence.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of integrated genomic surveillance by local public health authorities: Recommendations based on a mixed-methods study of current adoption, applications and success factors, Germany, 2023.","authors":"Anna Bludau, Alexander Jack, Nicole Fischer, Johannes Dreesman, Christian Drosten, Richard Egelkamp, Lutz Ehlkes, Fabian Feil, Adam Grundhoff, Hajo Grundmann, Pascal Kreuzer, Masyar Monazahian, Inga Overesch, Daniel Schmitt, Markus Tröger, Alexandra von Reiswitz, Jonas Weber, Alexander Dilthey, Claudia Hornberg, Sandra Reuter, Simone Scheithauer","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2400508","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2400508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundIntegrated genomic surveillance (IGS), i.e. the integrated analysis of pathogen whole genome sequencing and classical epidemiological data, can contribute substantially to the disease surveillance and infection prevention activities of local public health authorities (LPHAs).AimOur aim was to characterise how LPHAs use IGS, and factors required or important for their implementation, in the context of the German public health system.MethodsWe employed a mixed-methods design combining a quantitative survey of 60 LPHAs in three German states with five qualitative case studies based on LPHAs in four German localities and one state-level public health authority.ResultsApproximately half of LPHAs reported adoption of IGS; applications included outbreak analysis (n = 25), targeting and evaluation of infection control measures (n = 25 and n = 18, respectively) and characterisation of pathogen transmission chains (n = 25). Factors identified as required or important for the implementation of IGS in LPHAs included fast sample-to-result turnaround times, organisational data interpretation capabilities and clearly defined surveillance sampling strategies. Based on the case studies in which the adoption of IGS was successful, we formulate recommendations for implementing IGS at the level of LPHAs, including establishment of dedicated IGS analysis teams within LPHAs, use of user-friendly digital solutions (e.g. browser-based dashboards) for data exchange and analysis, and implementation of IGS in collaboration with local academic institutions.ConclusionOur analysis paves the way for increasing the implementation of IGS by LPHAs in Germany and other countries with similarly structured public health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic inequalities in the epidemiology and vaccine uptake within a large outbreak of measles in Birmingham, England, 2023 to 2024.","authors":"Hannah Jary, Adam Pullen, David Howett, Erjola Hani, Shakeel Suleman, Lisa Byrne, Emma Booth, Richard Puleston, Vanessa Saliba, Colin Nj Campbell, Carol Chatt","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.16.2400652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.16.2400652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Measles disproportionately affects under-vaccinated communities, and inequalities in vaccination coverage exist in the United Kingdom (UK). In Birmingham, England, 406 confirmed measles cases were notified to the UK Health Security Agency between 13 October 2023 and 12 April 2024. Public health case management system data and primary care vaccination data were used to describe the epidemiology of the outbreak. Cases had a median age of 5.5 years (interquartile range (IQR): 1-13); 53% (214/406) were male, 45% (183/406) female and sex was unknown for 2% (9/406). Most cases (89%; 362/406) were unvaccinated. While 78% (315/406) of cases occurred in the city's most deprived areas (quintile 1), none did in the least deprived. The measles rate per 100,000 was 47.6 in quintile 1 vs 13.8 in quintile 3. Across ethnicities, the rate was 86.3 in Black African vs 10.8 in White British. Increases in vaccination rates between the outbreak period and an equivalent prior non-outbreak period seemed higher in most deprived populations (0.5% in quintile 1 vs 0.3% in quintiles 5). Variations, however, were observed between ethnic groups. In this large outbreak, measles disproportionately affected individuals from socioeconomically deprived backgrounds and ethnic minorities. In underserved communities, continued tailored services and vaccinations are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12023730/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143986190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustaining successes and addressing challenges to vaccination - a continued public health mission.","authors":"Piotr Kramarz, Ines Steffens","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.16.2500284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.16.2500284","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12023725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors' response: Statistical methodology critique and alternative approaches in H5Nx avian influenza seroprevalence study among French cats.","authors":"Brandon Hayes, Pierre Bessière, Jean-Luc Guérin","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2500247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2500247","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007403/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fulminant infective endocarditis with toxin-negative <i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i> in people with substance use experiencing homelessness, England, 2024 to 2025.","authors":"Tara Patel, Tasnim Anwar, Eleni Mavrogiorgou, Natasa Utjesanovic, Anna Aryee, David J Litt, Joshua C D'Aeth, Christopher Primus, Satya Das, Nikolaos Karogiannis, Karthik Paranthaman, Gayatri Amirthalingam, Rebecca Cordery","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2500148","DOIUrl":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.13.2500148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Between July 2024 and January 2025, five male patients in their early 20s to early 50s were confirmed with infective endocarditis associated with non-toxigenic <i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i> in England. Three were known to have experienced homelessness. All five used non-intravenous recreational drugs. Disease progression was rapid, four patients required surgical intervention, one died. Whole-genome sequencing and multilocus sequence type (MLST) analysis identified four individuals as ST559. Clinicians and substance use services have been alerted and enhanced surveillance implemented. A prevalence study is planned.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11969966/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143779409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of routine prophylaxis with monoclonal antibodies and maternal immunisation to prevent respiratory syncytial virus hospitalisations, Lombardy region, Italy, 2024/25 season.","authors":"Francesco Menegale, Luigi Vezzosi, Marcello Tirani, Simona Scarioni, Stefano Odelli, Federica Morani, Catia Borriello, Elena Pariani, Ilaria Dorigatti, Danilo Cereda, Stefano Merler, Piero Poletti","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.2400637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.2400637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundRespiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of hospitalisation in children worldwide. Recent regulatory approval of monoclonal antibody (mAb) nirsevimab for infants and the RSVpreF vaccine for pregnant women offers promising approaches to mitigate RSV-associated morbidity.AimTo evaluate potential impacts of routine prophylactic campaigns (mAbs targeting infants or maternal vaccination) introduced in the 2024/25 season on hospitalisations from RSV lower respiratory tract infections in Lombardy, Italy.MethodsWe used a catalytic model informed by data from pre-COVID-19 pandemic (before 2020) and post-pandemic periods (until 2022) to quantify the number of cases and hospitalisations that could be averted by seasonal nirsevimab administration to infants and RSVpreF maternal vaccination, considering changes in susceptibility caused by reduced RSV circulation during the pandemic.ResultsAs a marked proportion of RSV hospitalisations occurs in infants aged ≤ 1 year, seasonal mAb administration to 80% of newborns (uptake levels observed in Spain) was estimated to avert 50.2% (95% CI: 43.5-55.8) of hospitalisations in the total population. Coverage levels close to those observed for childhood vaccines (95%) could result in an additional average 18% reduction in hospitalisations. Vaccination of 65% of pregnant women, resembling the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine coverage in Lombardy for this population, was estimated to avert 30.5% (95% CI: 19.6-39.7) of hospitalisations. At influenza vaccine coverage (12%), less than 8% of hospitalisations could be averted by maternal immunisation.ConclusionRoutine nirsevimab administration to infants demonstrates clear potential to reduce RSV-associated hospitalisations. Maternal immunisation can help in achieving high protection in at-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the editor: Statistical methodology critique and alternative approaches in H5Nx avian influenza seroprevalence study among French cats.","authors":"Yoshiyasu Takefuji","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2500237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.15.2500237","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12007400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outbreak of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> serogroup B in Aragón, Spain, January to February 2025.","authors":"Cristina Nicolau Cano, Alba Gallego-Royo, Esteban Estupiñan Valido, Alejandra Perez Perez, Teresa Gimenez Julvez, Berta Maria Pilar Vela Iglesia, Maria Carmen Montaño Remacha","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.2500206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.14.2500206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In January-February 2025, a community outbreak of <i>Neisseria meningitidis</i> serogroup B was reported in Aragón, Spain, with nine confirmed cases. This represents a 27-fold increase vs the previous 3 years. Five cases had respiratory co-infections; seven were attributed to complex CC213. Epidemiological investigations revealed a potential link to a school setting, though direct transmission could not be confirmed. These findings highlight the need to reinforce surveillance during periods of high respiratory virus circulation and in outbreaks involving non-4CMenB-covered variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11987493/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143990598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of major socio-economic inequalities in childhood measles-mumps-rubella vaccination coverage and timeliness under vaccination mandates, France, 2015 to 2024.","authors":"Dimitri Scronias, Lisa Fressard, Laure Fonteneau, Valérie Guagliardo, Pierre Verger","doi":"10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.16.2400674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2025.30.16.2400674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>IntroductionSince the late 2000s, several major measles epidemics have occurred in Europe, including France. In 2017, the French Health Ministry extended from three to 11 the number of mandatory childhood vaccines required for preschool and primary school admission; these included the vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella (MMR).AimOur aim was to assess if this measure helped to improve MMR vaccine timeliness (VT) or reduce socioeconomic inequalities in MMR vaccine coverage.MethodsA nationwide study of three birth cohorts (2015, 2017, 2019) followed up 2.1 million children for 48 months to assess the course of the timeliness of MMR vaccine dispensation, before and after it became mandatory in France (January 2018). Data came from the French national health insurance fund drug reimbursement database.ResultsDespite improvements from 2015 to 2019, pharmacies dispensed MMR vaccines late for 33% of children in the 2019 cohort (mean cumulative delay compared with recommended dates: 7.1 months). Vaccines for children from low-income families were dispensed later (mean delay of at least +1 month) than those from higher-income families. The 2019 cohort did not reach the 95% WHO target of two MMR doses at 24 months of age, nor at 48 months.DiscussionWith measles intensifying worldwide, these vaccination delays and inequalities may contribute to the resurgence of epidemics. In addition to vaccination mandates, an ambitious public health policy is needed to reduce inequalities in access to vaccination and to improve parents' vaccine acceptance through educational strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":12161,"journal":{"name":"Eurosurveillance","volume":"30 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12023726/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}